JP6788237B2 - 方向性電磁鋼板とその製造方法 - Google Patents
方向性電磁鋼板とその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6788237B2 JP6788237B2 JP2019572257A JP2019572257A JP6788237B2 JP 6788237 B2 JP6788237 B2 JP 6788237B2 JP 2019572257 A JP2019572257 A JP 2019572257A JP 2019572257 A JP2019572257 A JP 2019572257A JP 6788237 B2 JP6788237 B2 JP 6788237B2
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- mass
- annealing
- steel sheet
- back surfaces
- decarburization
- Prior art date
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 246
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 145
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 145
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims description 82
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 49
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 49
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910001224 Grain-oriented electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052839 forsterite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
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- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 36
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 22
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 15
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- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- DHEQXMRUPNDRPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium nitrate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O DHEQXMRUPNDRPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UBXAKNTVXQMEAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium sulfate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O UBXAKNTVXQMEAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000275 quality assurance Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1277—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular surface treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/76—Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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- C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
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- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1222—Hot rolling
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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- C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1255—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest with diffusion of elements, e.g. decarburising, nitriding
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1261—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest following hot rolling
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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- C21D8/1272—Final recrystallisation annealing
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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- C21D8/1283—Application of a separating or insulating coating
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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- C21D8/1288—Application of a tension-inducing coating
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
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- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
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Description
記
(1)O,SiおよびMgのすべてが±5%以内
(2)Al,MnおよびPのうちの1種以上が±15%以内
(3)CaおよびTiのうちの1種以上が±20%以内
記
(4)OおよびSiのすべてが±10%以内
(5)Al,MnおよびPのうちの1種以上が±5%以内
・A群:Al:0.01〜0.04mass%およびN:0.003〜0.015mass%
・B群:S:0.002〜0.03mass%およびSe:0.003〜0.03mass%のうちから選ばれる1種または2種
・C群:Al:0.01〜0.04mass%、N:0.003〜0.015mass%に加えて、S:0.002〜0.03mass%およびSe:0.003〜0.03mass%のうちから選ばれる1種または2種
のうちのいずれか1群の成分を含有し、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる成分組成を有し、上記MgOを主体とする焼鈍分離剤は、MgOを50mass%以上、Ca化合物をCa換算で0.1〜5mass%の範囲で含有し、さらに、Ti,Sr,Ba,Na,K,Li,Sb,Cr,Sn,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,CuおよびAlの水酸化物、硝酸塩、硫酸塩、酸化物、ホウ酸塩およびリン酸塩のうちから選ばれる少なくとも1種を含有することを特徴とする。
<実験1>
C:0.06mass%、Si:3.3mass%、Mn:0.07mass%、Al:0.016mass%、S:0.003mass%を含有し、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる鋼を溶製し、連続鋳造法で鋼素材(スラブ)とした後、該スラブを1380℃に加熱し、熱間圧延して板厚2.2mmの熱延板とし、1000℃×60secの熱延板焼鈍を施した後、一次冷間圧延して中間板厚の1.8mmとし、1100℃×80secの中間焼鈍を施した後、二次冷間圧延して最終板厚0.23mmの冷延板とした。この際、上記冷延板の表裏面を蛍光X線分析や粗度計で測定し、表裏面の残留酸化物や表面粗さに差がない、すなわち、表裏面の測定値の差(表面−裏面)が表裏面の平均値に対して±5%以内であることを確認した。
上記実験1において、鋼板表裏面で耐剥離性に差が生じた原因を究明するため、上記実験1と同様の条件で製造した冷延板に対して、鋼板の表裏面側に供給する雰囲気ガスの露点を、下記表1の条件2および3のように変化させて脱炭焼鈍を施した後、上記実験1と同様の条件で製品板まで製造し、歪取焼鈍後の被膜密着性を実験1と同様にして測定し、その結果を表1に示した。なお、実験1の雰囲気の露点は条件1として示した。
記
表裏面の濃度差R(%)=2×(IF−IB)/(IF+IB)×100
なお、以降に記載された表裏面の濃度差Rはいずれも上記定義とする。
表2から、鋼板の表裏面で雰囲気ガスの露点が異なっていた条件1の脱炭焼鈍後の鋼板表面の各元素の濃度は、Alを除いて露点が高い裏面側で高いという結果となった。また、表裏面の雰囲気ガスの露点差がないように調節した条件2および3の脱炭焼鈍後の鋼板表面の各元素の濃度は、露点に応じて変化しているが、表裏面の濃度差Rは条件1に対して1/2以下に低減していた。
(1)各元素の仕上焼鈍後の鋼板表裏面の濃度差Rは、脱炭焼鈍後の結果(表2)と同様、条件1は大きく、条件2および3は条件1の1/3以下に小さくなっている。
(2)下地被膜(フォルステライト被膜)を構成する成分であるO,Si,MgおよびAlの鋼板表面の濃度については、高露点の条件1の裏面では、Siを除いて同じ露点の条件2よりも高く、逆に、低露点の条件1の表面では、やはりSiを除いて同じ露点の条件3よりも低くなっている。
(3)残りの元素であるMn,P,CaおよびTiの鋼板表面の濃度は、条件2,3では、条件1の表裏面の中間的な値を示している。
フォルステライト被膜は、仕上焼鈍時に、焼鈍分離剤中のMgイオンやOイオンあるいは添加剤中のTiやCaイオンが鋼板表面に侵入(移動)し、一方、鋼板中のSiやAl等が被膜表面に濃化し、これらが反応することによって形成される。この際、MnやP,Ca,Ti等の元素は、被膜粒界面(フォルステライト等の粒界面)に濃化したり、被膜中に固溶したりして、フォルステライト被膜を強化し、密着性を高める効果がある。
<実験3>
前述した実験1と同一の条件で製造した、焼鈍分離剤を塗布、乾燥後の方向性電磁鋼板用コイルに対して、仕上焼鈍の加熱過程において、700〜1000℃間の種々の温度に、1〜400hrの範囲内で種々の時間保持する均熱処理を施した後、1200℃まで20℃/hrで加熱し、1200℃で10hr保持して純化処理する仕上焼鈍を施した。なお、上記仕上焼鈍における雰囲気ガスは、加熱開始から均熱処理完了までと、純化処理後の冷却時は乾燥N2ガス、均熱処理後から純化処理終了までは75vol%H2+25vol%N2混合ガスとした。その後、前述した実験1と同様の条件で平坦化焼鈍を行い、製品板とした。
本発明は、上記の新規な知見に基づき、開発したものである。
C:0.01〜0.10mass%
Cは、0.01mass%に満たないと、Cによる粒界強化効果が失われ、スラブに割れが生じるなど、製造に支障を来たす欠陥を生ずるようになる。一方、Cが0.10mass%を超えると、脱炭焼鈍で磁気時効が起こらない0.004mass%以下に低減することが困難となる。よって、Cは0.01〜0.10mass%の範囲とするのが好ましい。より好ましくは0.02〜0.08mass%の範囲である。
Siは、鋼の比抵抗を高め、鉄損を低減するのに必要な元素である。上記効果は、2.5mass%未満では十分ではなく、一方、4.5mass%を超えると、加工性が低下し、圧延して製造すること困難となる。よって、Siは2.5〜4.5mass%の範囲とするのが好ましい。より好ましくは2.8〜3.7mass%の範囲である。
Mnは、鋼の熱間加工性を改善するために必要な元素である。上記効果は、0.01mass%未満では十分ではなく、一方、0.5mass%を超えると、製品板の磁束密度が低下するようになる。よって、Mnは0.01〜0.5mass%の範囲とするのが好ましい。より好ましくは0.02〜0.20mass%の範囲である。
まず、二次再結晶を生じさせるためにインヒビターを利用する場合で、例えば、AlN系インヒビターを利用するときには、AlおよびNはそれぞれAl:0.01〜0.04mass%、N:0.003〜0.015mass%の範囲で含有するのが好ましい。また、MnS・MnSe系インヒビターを利用する場合には、前述した量のMnと、S:0.002〜0.03mass%およびSe:0.003〜0.03mass%のうちの1種または2種を含有するのが好ましい。それぞれ添加量が、上記下限値より少ないと、インヒビター効果が十分に得られず、一方、上記上限値を超えると、インヒビターがスラブ加熱時に未固溶で残存し、磁気特性の低下をもたらす。なお、AlN系とMnS・MnSe系のインヒビターは、併用して用いてもよい。
まず、本発明の方向性電磁鋼板の鋼素材となるスラブは、上述した本発明に適合する成分組成を有する鋼を常法の精錬プロセスで溶製した後、公知の造塊−分塊圧延法または連続鋳造法で製造してもよく、また、直接鋳造法で直接、100mm以下の厚さの薄スラブとしてもよい。
上記仕上焼鈍は、昇温しながら二次再結晶を起こさせる場合には700〜1100℃までの温度範囲を2〜50℃/hrの範囲で昇温し、一方、一定の温度に保持する保定処理中に二次再結晶を起こさせる場合には、上記温度範囲に25hr以上保持することが好ましい。また、二次再結晶を完了させるためには、1100℃以上の温度に加熱することが好ましい。
次いで、860℃の温度に220sec間均熱保持する一次再結晶焼鈍を兼ねた脱炭焼鈍を施した。この際、上記脱炭焼鈍は、上記均熱温度まで、PH2O/PH2:0.40(露点:63.5℃)の湿水素雰囲気下で、50℃/secの昇温速度で加熱するとともに、脱炭時(均熱時)の雰囲気ガスは、ベースの露点を65℃(PH2O/PH2:0.44)とし、これに対して、脱炭焼鈍後の鋼板表裏面の元素濃度が一定となるように、炉内上下部から導入する雰囲気ガスの露点を調整した。
次いで、焼鈍分離剤全体に対してCa化合物をCa換算で0.5mass%含有し、さらに、TiO2を3mass%と、硫酸ストロンチウムを3mass%含有するMgOを主体とした焼鈍分離剤をスラリー化し、鋼板表面に塗布、乾燥した後、均一化熱処理を行うことなく、室温から1180℃までを20℃/hrの昇温速度で昇温し、1180℃の温度で10hr均熱保持して純化処理する仕上焼鈍を施した。なお、仕上焼鈍の雰囲気ガスは、純化処理する1180℃保定時はH2ガス、それ以外の昇温時および降温時はArガスとした。
次いで、上記のようにして得た仕上焼鈍後の鋼板表面から、未反応の焼鈍分離剤を除去した後、絶縁被膜液を塗布し、平坦化焼鈍して製品板とした。この際、平坦化焼鈍ラインの出側において、鋼板表面の濃度を測定する代表元素としてMgを選択し、電圧:20kV、電流:2mAの条件で蛍光X線分析して、コイル全長に亘って仕上焼鈍時のコイルの上下端部(板幅両端部)および板幅中央部における表裏面のMg濃度を測定し、表裏面の濃度差を求めた。
この表から、仕上焼鈍時のコイル外巻上端部に限らず、製品板コイルの全長、全幅に亘って良好な被膜密着性が得られていること、特に、仕上焼鈍に先立って均一化熱処理を施した場合には、被膜密着性がより優れていることがわかる。
Claims (9)
- 鋼板表面にフォルステライトおよび/またはスピネルを主体とするセラミック質の下地被膜を有する方向性電磁鋼板において、
上記下地被膜中に含まれるO,Si,Mg,Al,Mn,P,CaおよびTiの表裏面の濃度差が、表裏面の平均濃度に対して、下記(1)、(2)および(3)の条件を満たすことを特徴とする方向性電磁鋼板。
記
(1)O,SiおよびMgのすべてが±5%以内
(2)Al,MnおよびPのうちの1種以上が±15%以内
(3)CaおよびTiのうちの1種以上が±20%以内 - 方向性電磁鋼板用の鋼素材を熱間圧延して熱延板とした後、熱延板焼鈍を施しまたは熱延板焼鈍を施すことなく、1回の冷間圧延または中間焼鈍を挟む2回以上の冷間圧延して最終板厚の冷延板とし、一次再結晶焼鈍を兼ねた脱炭焼鈍を施した後、MgOを主体とする焼鈍分離剤を塗布し、仕上焼鈍し、未反応の焼鈍分離剤を除去した後、平坦化焼鈍、絶縁被膜被成および磁区細分化処理のいずれか1以上の工程を経て製品板とする方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法において、
上記MgOを主体とする焼鈍分離剤は、Ca化合物をCa換算で0.1〜5mass%の範囲で含有し、
上記脱炭焼鈍後の鋼板のO,Si,Al,MnおよびPの表裏面の濃度差が、表裏面の平均濃度に対して、下記(4)および(5)の条件を満たすよう、脱炭焼鈍条件および脱炭焼鈍より前工程の条件を調整し、請求項1に記載の下地被膜を形成することを特徴とする方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
記
(4)OおよびSiのすべてが±10%以内
(5)Al,MnおよびPのうちの1種以上が±5%以内 - 上記方向性電磁鋼板用の鋼素材は、C:0.01〜0.10mass%、Si:2.5〜4.5mass%、Mn:0.01〜0.5mass%を含有し、さらに、インヒビター形成元素として、下記A〜C群のうちのいずれか1群の成分を含有し、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる成分組成を有し、
上記MgOを主体とする焼鈍分離剤は、MgOを50mass%以上、Ca化合物をCa換算で0.1〜5mass%の範囲で含有し、さらに、Ti,Sr,Ba,Na,K,Li,Sb,Cr,Sn,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,CuおよびAlの水酸化物、硝酸塩、硫酸塩、酸化物、ホウ酸塩およびリン酸塩のうちから選ばれる少なくとも1種を含有することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
記
・A群:Al:0.01〜0.04mass%およびN:0.003〜0.015mass%
・B群:S:0.002〜0.03mass%およびSe:0.003〜0.03mass%のうちから選ばれる1種または2種
・C群:Al:0.01〜0.04mass%、N:0.003〜0.015mass%に加えて、S:0.002〜0.03mass%およびSe:0.003〜0.03mass%のうちから選ばれる1種または2種 - 上記方向性電磁鋼板用の鋼素材は、C:0.01〜0.10mass%、Si:2.0〜5.0mass%、Mn:0.01〜1.0mass%を含有し、さらに、Al:0.01mass%未満、N:0.005mass%未満、S:0.005mass%未満およびSe:0.005mass%未満を含有し、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる成分組成を有し、
上記MgOを主体とする焼鈍分離剤は、MgOを50mass%以上、Ca化合物をCa換算で0.1〜5mass%の範囲で含有し、さらに、Ti,Sr,Ba,Na,K,Li,Sb,Cr,Sn,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,CuおよびAlの水酸化物、硝酸塩、硫酸塩、酸化物、ホウ酸塩およびリン酸塩のうちから選ばれる少なくとも1種を含有することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。 - 上記方向性電磁鋼板用の鋼素材は、上記成分組成に加えてさらに、Ni:0.010〜1.50mass%、Cr:0.01〜0.50mass%、Cu:0.01〜0.50mass%、P:0.005〜0.50mass%、Sb:0.005〜0.50mass%、Sn:0.005〜0.50mass%、Bi:0.005〜0.50mass%、Mo:0.005〜0.100mass%、B:0.0002〜0.0025mass%、Te:0.0005〜0.0100mass%、Nb:0.0010〜0.0100mass%、V:0.001〜0.010mass%、Ti:0.001〜0.010mass%およびTa:0.001〜0.010mass%のうちから選ばれる1種または2種以上を含有することを特徴とする請求項3または4に記載の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
- 上記焼鈍分離剤を鋼板表面に塗布した後、800〜950℃の温度で5〜200hr保持する均一化熱処理を施してから仕上焼鈍を施す、もしくは、上記均一化熱処理に引続いて仕上焼鈍を施すことを特徴とする請求項2〜5のいずれか1項に記載の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
- 上記脱炭焼鈍後から焼鈍分離剤を塗布するまでの間に、鋼板の表面および/または裏面のO,Si,Al,MnおよびPのうちから選ばれる1以上の元素濃度をオンラインで分析し、脱炭焼鈍後鋼板の表裏面の濃度差を評価することを特徴とする請求項2〜6のいずれか1項に記載の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
- 上記未反応の焼鈍分離剤を除去した後から製品板とするまでの間のいずれかの段階で、鋼板表面および/または裏面のO,Si,Mg,Al,Mn,P,CaおよびTiのうちから選ばれる1以上の元素濃度をオンラインで分析し、製品板の被膜特性を評価することを特徴とする請求項2〜7のいずれか1項に記載の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
- 上記オンライン分析の結果を脱炭焼鈍工程および/または脱炭焼鈍工程よりも前の工程にフィードバックし、脱炭焼鈍条件および/または脱炭焼鈍工程よりも前工程の条件を調整することを特徴とする請求項7または8に記載の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
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