JP6585860B2 - がんの処置のための抗pd1抗体及び抗lag3抗体 - Google Patents
がんの処置のための抗pd1抗体及び抗lag3抗体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6585860B2 JP6585860B2 JP2018555176A JP2018555176A JP6585860B2 JP 6585860 B2 JP6585860 B2 JP 6585860B2 JP 2018555176 A JP2018555176 A JP 2018555176A JP 2018555176 A JP2018555176 A JP 2018555176A JP 6585860 B2 JP6585860 B2 JP 6585860B2
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Description
本発明は、新規な抗PD1抗体分子及び抗LAG3抗体分子に関する。本発明はまた、このような抗体分子をコードしている核酸;このような抗体分子を調製するための方法;このような抗体分子を発現しているか又は発現することのできる宿主細胞;このような抗体分子を含む組成物;及び、特にがん疾患の分野における治療目的のためのこのような抗体分子又はこのような組成物の使用に関する。
がんは、体中に広がる可能性を有する異常で局所的な細胞増殖によって特徴付けられる疾患である。先進国ではがんは2番目に多い死因である。男性において最も多いがんの種類は、肺癌、前立腺癌、結腸直腸癌、及び胃癌であり、女性における最も多い種類は乳癌、結腸直腸癌、肺癌、及び子宮頸癌である。生存率は主にがんの種類及び識別時のステージに依存し、肺癌では10年全生存率は約5%である。
第一の態様によると、抗PD1抗体分子が提供される。本明細書においてさらに記載されているように、本発明の抗PD1抗体分子は、他の抗PD1抗体を上回る驚くべきかつ有益な特性を有する。それらは、基準の抗PD1抗体分子と比べて改善されたT細胞の活性化及びより長い終末相半減期を示す。理解されるであろうように、このような特性は、抗PD1抗体分子にとってがんの処置に使用するために望ましい。
定義
本発明の上記及び他の態様及び実施態様は、本明細書のさらなる説明から明らかとなるだろう。
抗PD1抗体に関連した本発明の実施態様
上記に詳述されているように、PD1は、T細胞活性及びしたがって免疫系の活性を調節するのに重要な役割を果たす。一連の様々ながんの状況において、拮抗作用を有する抗PD1抗体分子はT細胞活性を増加させ得、これにより、免疫系が活性化され、腫瘍を攻撃し、よってがんを処置することができることが示されている。
(a)配列番号1(hcCDR1)、配列番号2(hcCDR2)、及び配列番号3(hcCDR3)のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖CDR、並びに配列番号4(lcCDR1)、配列番号5(lcCDR2)、及び配列番号6(lcCDR3)のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖CDR;又は
(b)配列番号7(hcCDR1)、配列番号8(hcCDR2)、及び配列番号9(hcCDR9)のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖CDR、並びに配列番号10(lcCDR1)、配列番号11(lcCDR2)、及び配列番号12(lcCDR3)のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖CDR;又は
(c)配列番号13(hcCDR1)、配列番号14(hcCDR2)、及び配列番号15(hcCDR3)のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖CDR、並びに配列番号16(lcCDR1)、配列番号17(lcCDR2)、及び配列番号18(lcCDR3)のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖CDR
を含む、抗PD1抗体分子を提供する。
(a)配列番号39(hcCDR1)、配列番号40(hcCDR2)、及び配列番号41(hcCDR3)のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖CDR、並びに配列番号42(lcCDR1)、配列番号43(lcCDR2)、及び配列番号44(lcCDR3)のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖CDR;又は
(b)配列番号45(hcCDR1)、配列番号46(hcCDR2)、及び配列番号47(hcCDR3)のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖CDR、並びに配列番号48(lcCDR1)、配列番号49(lcCDR2)、及び配列番号50(lcCDR3)のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖CDR
を含むものである。
本発明はさらに、疾患(より詳細に以下に明記されているような)の処置のための医薬組成物に関し、このような組成物は、少なくとも1つの本発明の抗体分子を含む。本発明はさらに、以前に示されているような少なくとも1つの本発明の抗体分子又は医薬組成物を使用した疾患(より詳細に以下に明記されているような)の処置法を包含し、本発明のこのような抗体分子(群)又は医薬組成物を使用することによるこのような疾患の処置用の医薬品の調製もさらに包含する。
医療使用のために、本発明の抗体分子は、(i)本発明の少なくとも1つの抗体(すなわち、本発明の抗PD1抗体、又は本発明の抗LAG3抗体、又は本発明の両方の種類の抗体を一緒に)、並びに(ii)少なくとも1つの薬学的に許容される担体、希釈剤、賦形剤、補助剤、及び/又は安定化剤、並びに(iii)場合により1つ以上のさらに他の薬理学的に活性なポリペプチド及び/又は化合物を含む、医薬調製物として製剤化され得る。「薬学的に許容可能な」によって、それぞれの材料が、個体に投与された場合に生物学的作用又はその他の望ましくない作用を全く示さず、かつ、それが含有されている医薬組成物の他のいずれかの成分(例えば薬学的に活性な成分など)と有害な様式で相互作用しないことを意味する。具体例は、標準的な教科書、例えばRemington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 18th Ed., Mack Publishing Company, USA(1990)に見られ得る。例えば、本発明の抗体は、慣用的な抗体及び抗体断片並びに他の薬学的に活性なタンパク質についてそれ自体公知である任意の様式で製剤化及び投与され得る。したがって、さらなる実施態様によると、本発明は、少なくとも1つの本発明の抗体、並びに少なくとも1つの薬学的に許容される担体、希釈剤、賦形剤、補助剤、及び/又は安定化剤、並びに場合により1つ以上のさらなる薬理学的に活性な物質を含有している、医薬組成物又は医薬調製物に関する。
−リン酸緩衝食塩水、pH7.4、
−他のリン酸緩衝液、pH6.2〜8.2、
−酢酸緩衝液、例えばpH3.2〜7.5、好ましくはpH4.8〜5.5、
−ヒスチジン緩衝液、pH5.5〜7.0、
−コハク酸緩衝液、pH3.2〜6.6、及び
−クエン酸緩衝液、pH2.1〜6.2、
及び場合により、溶液の等張性を提供するための塩(例えばNaCl)及び/又は糖(例えばスクロース及びトレハロース)及び/又はポリアルコール(例えばマンニトール及びグリセロール)である。
本発明のさらなる態様は、治療有効量の本発明の抗PD1抗体分子をそれを必要とする患者に投与する工程を含む、がんの処置法を提供する。好ましい実施態様では、該方法はさらに、抗LAG3抗体分子をこのような患者に投与する工程を含む。好ましくは、抗LAG3抗体分子は、本発明の抗LAG3抗体分子である。
本発明の抗体分子、又は本発明の抗PD1抗体と本発明の抗LAG3抗体の組合せは、単独で、あるいは、特にDNA傷害剤のような化学療法剤、又はがん細胞における血管新生、シグナル伝達経路若しくは有糸分裂チェックポイントを阻害する治療活性化合物から選択された、1つ以上の追加の治療剤と組み合わせて使用され得る。
本発明はまた、少なくとも1つの本発明の抗体と、上記のような疾患及び障害の処置に使用される他の薬物からなる群より選択された1つ以上の他の成分とを含むキットも包含する。
−本発明の抗体の形成を可能とする条件下で本発明の抗体分子をコードしている核酸を含む発現ベクターを含む宿主細胞を培養する工程;及び
−培養液から宿主細胞によって発現されている抗体分子を回収する工程;及び
−場合により、本発明の抗体分子をさらに精製及び/又は改変及び/又は製剤化する工程を含む。
実施例1:PD1に結合し、PD1に対するPDL−1の結合を遮断するマウス抗体の作製
ヒトPD1タンパク質の細胞外ドメイン(ECD)(GenBankアクセッション番号AAO63583.1のアミノ酸21〜170)を免疫源として合成及び調製した。次いで、マウスを、標準的な免疫化実験技術に従って、ヒトPD1 ECDタンパク質を用いて免疫化し、その後、ブーストした。
マウス77E11ハイブリドーマ細胞株のV遺伝子を、当技術分野において周知であるPCR及びシークエンスプロトコールに従って同定した。次いで、V遺伝子を、標準的な分子生物学的技術を使用して、最も緊密に一致するヒト生殖系列遺伝子に融合させた。77E11の場合、これにより、ヒトCk及びCh1アミノ酸残基に融合したマウスVk及びVhアミノ酸残基を有する、キメラマウス/ヒト抗体分子が得られた。
ヒトPD1に対する、マウス77E11ハイブリドーマ(実施例2に記載のような)に由来する代表的なヒト化抗PD1抗体の結合を決定した。
上記の方法に従って調製されたヒト化抗PD1抗体を続いて、破傷風特異的CD4記憶T細胞のサイトカイン産生を刺激するその能力について試験した。
本発明の代表的な抗PD1抗体及びニボルマブと同じアミノ酸配列を有する基準の先行技術の抗体分子のエピトープを、水素−重水素交換(HDX)実験によって分析し、これにより抗体エピトープにおける個々のアミノ酸レベルでのエピトープの差異が判明する。
試験の目的は、マウスPD1の細胞外ドメインを、ヒトPD1の対応する領域で置換する遺伝子的改変を有する完全に免疫適格なマウスを使用して、本発明の抗PD1抗体分子の有効性を測定することであった。この実験のために使用されるマウスC57BL/6NTac−PDCDtm(PDCD1)Arteはアイシスイノベーション社(オックスフォード、英国)によって提供され、これから「hPD1ノックインマウス」と称する。
本発明の抗PD1抗体分子の薬物動態(PK)特性は、カニクイザルにおいて1回量(静脈内)のPK試験で決定された。
ヒトLAG3タンパク質の細胞外ドメイン(ECD)(GenBankアクセッション番号NP_002277のアミノ酸23〜450)を、免疫源として合成及び調製した。次いで、マウスを、標準的な免疫化実験技術に従って、ヒトLAG3 ECDタンパク質を用いて免疫化し、その後、ブーストした。
この実施例では、実施例8に記載のマウスハイブリドーマ株496G6によって生成されるモノクローナル抗体のヒト化誘導体の開発のための方法及び結果を提供する。
組換え単量体ヒトLAG3に対する結合親和性を、SPRを使用して測定した。
本発明の代表的な抗LAG3抗体及びBMS−986016(先行技術の基準の抗LAG3抗体分子)と同じアミノ酸配列を有する基準の抗体分子のエピトープを、「競合結合」アッセイを使用して分析した。結果は、LAG3に対する結合の競合は全くないことを示し、このことは本発明の抗LAG3抗体が、先行技術の基準の抗LAG3抗体分子とは異なるエピトープに結合することを示した。
本発明の個々の抗PD1抗体及び抗LAG3抗体、並びにこれらの抗体の組合せを、ELISAによる破傷風特異的CD4記憶T細胞のサイトカイン産生を刺激するその能力について試験し、先行技術の抗PD1抗体及び抗LAG3抗体と比較した。
本発明の抗PD1抗体及び抗LAG3抗体の併用処置により、インビボにおいて優れた効力がもたらされるかどうかを試験するために、いくつかの前臨床腫瘍マウスモデルを、抗PD1mAb及び抗LAG3mAbを用いて処置した。全てのマウス腫瘍細胞株(MC38、大腸−26、B16F10黒色腫、LL/2(LLC1)ルイス肺癌及び4T1乳癌)を、マウス腫瘍細胞株の起源に応じて、C57BL/6又はBALB/cのいずれかに皮下注射した。細胞の注射から3日後に、マウスの腹腔内(i.p.)に処置し、その後、週2回の投薬を行なった。全て抗体は10mg/kgで投与され、本発明の抗LAG3抗体と抗PD1抗体の組合せは各々、10mg/kgで投与された。この試験に使用される抗体は全てバイオ・エクセル社(ウェスト・レバノン、NH州、米国)から入手した。対照群はラットIgG2a抗体(クローン2A3)を用いて処置され、使用される抗PD1抗体はラットIgG2a Fc部分(クローンRMP1−14)を有し、試験に使用される抗LAG3抗体はラットIgG1 Fc部分(クローンC9B7W)上にあった。腫瘍のサイズは、2つの方向(長さ×幅)を1週間に少なくとも3回測定し、腫瘍体積を計算した。腫瘍体積が1500mm3に達したか又は腫瘍が潰瘍を形成した場合には、動物を安楽死させた。
本発明の上記のいずれかの抗体分子を、以下のような組成を有する皮下適用のための医薬製剤の製造のために選択し得る:
薬物:100mg/ml(1〜3nmol/ml)
酢酸緩衝液:25mM
トレハロース:220mM
Tween−20:0.02%
本発明の上記のいずれかの抗体分子を、静脈内適用のための医薬製剤の製造のために選択し得る。本発明の抗体に適した医薬製剤の一例は、以下の通りである。
上記の実施例15に概略が示された溶液を、がんに罹患しているヒトなどのそれを必要とする患者に静脈内注入(100〜200mgの用量)によって2〜4週間毎に適用する。
Claims (15)
- 配列番号33のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖及び
配列番号34のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖
を有する、抗PD1抗体分子。 - 配列番号33のアミノ酸配列からなる重鎖及び
配列番号34のアミノ酸配列からなる軽鎖
を有する、請求項1の抗PD1抗体分子。 - 請求項1又は2の抗体分子の重鎖可変ドメイン及び/又は軽鎖可変ドメインをコードしている、単離された核酸分子。
- 請求項3の核酸分子を含有している、発現ベクター。
- 請求項1又は2の抗体分子の重鎖をコードしている核酸及び請求項1又は2の抗体分子の軽鎖をコードしている核酸を含む、宿主細胞。
- 下記工程:
−請求項1又は2の抗体分子の形成を可能とする条件下で請求項5記載の宿主細胞を培養する工程;及び
該抗体分子を回収する工程
を含む、請求項1又は2の抗体分子の製造法。 - 前記抗体分子を精製する工程をさらに含む、請求項6の方法。
- 前記抗体分子を医薬組成物へと製剤化する工程をさらに含む、請求項7の方法。
- 請求項1又は2の抗PD1抗体と薬学的に許容される担体とを含む医薬組成物。
- 癌の処置のための、請求項9の医薬組成物。
- 癌が非小細胞肺癌(NSCLC)又は小細胞肺癌(SCLC)である、請求項10の医薬組成物。
- 抗LAG3抗体分子をさらに含む、請求項9〜11のいずれか一項の医薬組成物。
- 抗LAG3抗体分子との組み合わせの癌の処置のための、請求項12の医薬組成物。
- 癌が非小細胞肺癌(NSCLC)又は小細胞肺癌(SCLC)である、請求項13の医薬組成物。
- 請求項1又は2の抗PD1抗体及び抗LAG3抗体分子を含む、キット。
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