JP6582054B2 - 抗菌特性を有する布地 - Google Patents
抗菌特性を有する布地 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6582054B2 JP6582054B2 JP2017545552A JP2017545552A JP6582054B2 JP 6582054 B2 JP6582054 B2 JP 6582054B2 JP 2017545552 A JP2017545552 A JP 2017545552A JP 2017545552 A JP2017545552 A JP 2017545552A JP 6582054 B2 JP6582054 B2 JP 6582054B2
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- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SCPYDCQAZCOKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanol Chemical compound [SiH3]O SCPYDCQAZCOKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036556 skin irritation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000475 skin irritation Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000005808 skin problem Effects 0.000 description 1
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- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008279 sol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940035044 sorbitan monolaurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008673 vomiting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Description
・病院又は医療機関で感染した病気の大部分は布地に起因する感染である。
・医師と患者は布地の接触を介して互いに感染する傾向にある。
・現在の洗浄方法は布地のダメージをもたらす。
・枕、マットレス、及びカーテンはたまにしか洗浄又は消毒されない。
・洗浄後の細菌の増殖は瞬間的である。
・汗や剥がれた皮膚のような身体残留物は細菌の温床となる。
パディング又は好ましくは吸尽プロセスなどの液剤付与プロセスを用いて上記布地材料を処理し、その液剤は、1以上の抗菌剤を含み、
上記処理された布地材料を熱処理し、
好ましくは上記熱処理された布地材料を洗浄し、
好ましくは上記洗浄された布地材料を乾燥すること
を含む第1のプロセスサイクルを含む、プロセスである。
吸尽又は好ましくはパディングプロセスのような液剤付与プロセスを用いて上記布地材料を処理し、その液剤は1以上の抗菌剤を含み、
上記処理された布地材料に対して熱処理を行い、
好ましくは上記熱処理された布地材料を洗浄し、
好ましくは上記洗浄された布地材料を乾燥させる
ことを含んでいる。
上記ラジカルは、
R1、R2及びR3は、C1〜C12アルキル基、特にC1〜C6アルキル基、好ましくはメチル基であり、
R4及びR5は、C1〜C18アルキル基、C1〜C18ヒドロキシアルキル基、C3〜C7シクロアルキル基、フェニル基、又はC7〜C10アラルキル基、特にC1〜C18アルキル基、好ましくはメチル基であり、
R6は、C1〜C18アルキル基、特にC8〜C18アルキル基であり、
X−は、アニオン、特にクロリド基、ブロミド基、フルオリド基、ヨージド基、アセテート基又はスルホネート基であり、好ましくは塩化物又は臭化物であり、
nは、1〜6の整数、特に1〜4の整数、好ましくは3である
という意味を互いに独立して持つ。
上記布地材料の重量に基づけば、上記第4級アンモニウムオルガノシラン化合物は、上記布地材料に0.1重量%以上、好ましくは0.2重量%以上、より好ましくは0.3重量%以上の量で、0.7重量%以下、好ましくは0.6重量%以下、より好ましくは0.5重量%以下の量付与され、及び/又は無機又は有機マトリクスに捕捉された上記銀カチオンは、上記布地材料に0.004重量%以上、好ましくは0.006重量%以上、より好ましくは0.008重量%以上の量で、0.03重量%以下、好ましくは0.02重量%以下、より好ましくは0.15重量%以下の量付与され、及び/又は
上記ポリグルコサミンは、上記布地材料に0.5重量%以上、好ましくは0.08重量%以上、より好ましくは0.10重量%以上の量で、0.3重量%以下、好ましくは0.25重量%以下、より好ましくは0.2重量%以下の量付与され、
及び/又は上記アゾール系化合物は、上記布地材料に0.1重量%以上、好ましくは0.15重量%以上、より好ましくは0.2重量%以上の量で、0.5重量%以下、好ましくは0.4重量%以下、より好ましくは0.3重量%以下の量付与され、
及び/又は上記ポリヘキサメチレンビグアニドは、上記布地材料に0.2重量%以上、好ましくは0.03重量%以上、より好ましくは0.4重量%以上の量で、0.2重量%以下、好ましくは0.15重量%以下、より好ましくは0.1重量%以下の量付与される。
上記布地材料の重量に基づけば、上記第4級アンモニウムオルガノシラン化合物は、上記布地材料に0.3重量%以上、好ましくは0.5重量%以上、より好ましくは0.6重量%以上の量で、0.9重量%以下、好ましくは0.8重量%以下、より好ましくは0.7重量%以下の量付与され、
及び/又は無機又は有機マトリクスに捕捉された上記銀カチオンは、上記布地材料に0.004重量%以上、好ましくは0.006重量%以上、より好ましくは0.008重量%以上の量で、0.03重量%以下、好ましくは0.02重量%以下、より好ましくは0.15重量%以下の量付与され、
及び/又は上記アゾール系化合物は、上記布地材料に0.1重量%以上、好ましくは0.15重量%以上、より好ましくは0.2重量%以上の量で、0.5重量%以下、好ましくは0.4重量%以下、より好ましくは0.3重量%以下の量付与され、
及び/又は上記ポリヘキサメチレンビグアニドは、上記布地材料に0.5重量%以上、好ましくは0.08重量%以上、より好ましくは0.10重量%以上の量で、0.3重量%以下、好ましくは0.25重量%以下、より好ましくは0.2重量%以下の量付与される。
布地材料10グラム当たり水1000mlの比率で好ましくは蒸留曝露水に上記布地材料を浸漬し、
試験期間中、好ましくは21℃から25℃の温度で上記布地材料全体を上記曝露水に浸漬し続け、
上記試験期間後、曝露水を抽出し、好ましくはGC-MS法を用いて上記抗菌剤のそれぞれの存在について上記曝露水を試験する
方法により試験を行った場合に、24時間の試験期間内、好ましくは48時間の試験期間内、より好ましくは72時間の試験期間内、最も好ましくは7日間の試験期間内水に曝露されたときの上記1以上の抗菌剤のうちの1つ、いずれか、又はすべての浸出が、5.0ppm以下、好ましくは2.0ppm以下、より好ましくは1.0ppm以下、より好ましくは0.5ppm以下、最も好ましくは0.1ppm以下となる。
通常の動作で上記フィルタを通過する水に含まれる大腸菌ATCC 25922及び/又はコレラ菌ATCC14035細菌の数を、99.9%以上、好ましくは99.99%以上、より好ましくは99.999%以上、最も好ましくは99.9999%以上低減でき、
通常の動作で上記フィルタを通過する水に含まれるクロストリジウム・ディフィシレATCC 43598胞子の数を90%以上、好ましくは99%以上、より好ましくは99.9%以上、最も好ましくは99.99%以上低減でき、及び/又は
通常の動作で上記フィルタを通過する水に含まれるシストの数を90%以上、好ましくは99%以上、より好ましくは99.9%以上低減できる。
1%のポリヘキサメチレンビグアニド、0.15%の銀、0.8%のオルガノシラン(ジメチルオクタデシル[3−(トリメトキシシリル)プロピル]アンモニウムクロリド)、0.15%のプロピコナゾール及び1%のポリグルコサミン。
実施例A:
100%綿からなる織地重量265g/m2、幅150cmの織地を選択した。得られる布地材料は、例えば下記のように水濾過用途に用いることができ、本明細書では「水フィルタ織地」と呼ぶこととする。
実施例B:
35%綿と65%ポリエステルとを含む織地重量200g/m2、幅150cmの混紡織地を選択した。得られる布地材料は、例えば衣料生産に使用することができ、本明細書では「衣料織地」と呼ぶこととする。
R1、R2及びR3は、C1〜C12アルキル基、特にC1〜C6アルキル基、好ましくはメチル基であり、
R4及びR5は、C1〜C18アルキル基、C1〜C18ヒドロキシアルキル基、C3〜C7シクロアルキル基、フェニル基、又はC7〜C10アラルキル基、特にC1〜C18アルキル基、好ましくはメチル基であり、
R6は、C1〜C18アルキル基、特にC8〜C18アルキル基であり、
X−は、対イオン及びアニオン、例えばクロリド基、ブロミド基、フルオリド基、ヨージド基、アセテート基又はスルホネート基であり、好ましくはX−は塩化物又は臭化物であり、
nは、1〜6の整数、特に1〜4の整数、好ましくは3である
という意味を互いに独立して持つ。「アルキル基」という用語は本明細書で使用される場合、分岐又は非分岐アルキル基を意味する。
名称:
布地の抗菌効力を評価するHealthprotex社のプロトコル−布地の抗菌効力を評価する試験法
目的:
本研究の目的は、本プロトコルで指定した試験パラメータ下での試験系(微小生物)に対する試験物質の効力を実証することである。
活性成分濃度:
Bioshield 7200(登録番号53053-5)1.0%、Silverdur ET(登録番号707-313)0.2%、プロピコナゾール(登録番号83529-31)0.5%、クエン酸(無登録の活性物質)0.2%
方法参照:
MTCC 100-2012(抗細菌加工の評価)
注記:
本プロトコルは上述の試験法の修正バージョンを記載するものである
試験系(微小生物):
黄色ブドウ球菌ATCC 6538
大腸菌ATCC 11229
緑膿菌ATCC 15442
サルモネラ・エンテリカ(Salmonella enterica)ATCC 10708
黄色ブドウ球菌(MRSA)ATCC 33592
非連続減少パラメータ:
有効「接触」時間:2時間以下
洗濯していない対照布地の反復試験:1試験微小生物当たり3回
洗濯した対照布地の反復試験:1試験微小生物当たり3回
洗濯していない処理済み布地の反復試験:1試験微小生物/ロット当たり3回
洗濯した処理済み布地の反復試験:1試験微小生物/ロット当たり3回
有効「接触」時間:2時間以下
摩耗させた対照布地の反復試験:1試験微小生物当たり3回
摩耗させていない対照布地の反復試験:1試験微小生物当たり2回
摩耗させた処理済み布地の反復試験:1試験微小生物/ロット当たり3回
処理済み布地及び対照布地の洗濯、環境ストレス負荷及び再接種
・十分な量の切断していない処理済み布地及び対照布地を各々、85±15℃の洗濯機内で非抗菌、非イオン性の非塩素含有洗濯洗剤の製品を使用して洗浄し、続いて標準すすぎサイクルを行い、20分間から30分間にわたって62℃から96℃で乾燥させる。
・洗濯したサンプルを、相対湿度85%から100%の36±2℃のインキュベーター内に2時間(±10分)置き、続いてUV光を当てた20℃から25℃のクラスIIバイオセーフティーフード内に15±2分間置くことによってUVに曝露する(織地を完全に曝露するために処理済み織地及び対照織地を平らに広げる)。
・UV曝露後に、各担体(処理及び対照)に0.100mlの再接種培養物を1担体当たり1×104CFU以上となるように接種し、室温で15±5分間静置し、その時点で次の洗濯サイクルを開始する。
・再接種培養物の調製の詳細については、再接種培養物の接種材料の調製を参照されたい。
・25回目のサイクルでは、効力試験に備えて先のサイクルによる残留洗剤を除去する目的で洗濯洗剤を含有しないが、上述の熱、UV及び再接種を受ける。
・処理担体及び対照担体に摩滅及び再接種レジメンを行う。一連の12回の摩耗及び11回の再接種を下記表に従って行う。すべての摩耗及び再接種が完了した後、最終効力評価試験を少なくとも初回接種の24時間後(但し48時間を超えない)に行う。この工程は室温で行う。下記表に本研究における全担体の処置をまとめる。
・摩耗を45%から55%相対湿度(RH)で行う。摩耗プロセス全体を通して定期的に温度及び室内湿度を測定し、記録する。
・完全に組み立てた摩耗ボート(abrasion boats)の重量を摩滅及び再接種レジメンの開始前に記録し、1084±1.0gに等しくする必要がある。
・摩耗試験機は、1摩耗サイクル全体でおよそ4秒間から5秒間の全表面接触時間にわたって速度2.25〜2.5に設定する。
・本試験の各摩耗サイクルは合計4回のパス(例えば左から右、右から左、左から右及び右から左)とする。
・各回の表面摩滅間にガードナー装置上の担体と接触する全表面を無水エタノールで除染し、完全に乾燥させて、汚染が残らないようにする。
・各回の表面摩滅間に摩耗試験機上のフォームライナ及び綿布を交換する。
・各回の摩耗が完了した後(すべての対照担体及び試験担体を摩耗させる)、担体を再接種前に少なくとも15分間静置する。
・0.100mlの再接種培養物を、試験担体の端から3mm以内に収まるように注意してスポット接種により担体に再接種し、常温で10分間から20分間又は完全に乾燥するまで乾燥させた後、次回の摩耗を開始する。
・湿式摩耗の一環として使用される綿布は、各湿式摩耗サイクル前に消毒したPreval噴霧器を用いて滅菌RO水を布に75±1cm離して1秒内で吹き付けることによって個別に調製し、即座に使用する。
・初期減少について従う実験の成功(対照)基準(非連続クレーム):
1.すべての培地滅菌対照が成長に対して陰性でなくてはならない。
2.担体汚染対照が無視することのできる汚染を示さなくてはならない。
3.培地成長対照が成長に対して陽性でなくてはならない。
4.すべての試験微小生物が培養純度を示さなくてはならない。
5.中和を前述のように確認する。
6.汚れ滅菌対照が成長に対して陰性である。
7.再接種培養物の計数により1担体当たり1×104CFU以上が示される。
8.対照の計数の初期数が1担体当たり1×106CFU以上を示す。
9.最終(接触時間後)の対照担体数の計数結果が1担体当たり1×106CFU以上を示す。
・連続減少について従う実験の成功(対照)基準:
1.すべての培地滅菌対照が成長に対して陰性でなくてはならない。
2.担体汚染対照が無視することのできる汚染を示さなくてはならない。
3.培地成長対照が成長に対して陽性でなくてはならない。
4.すべての試験微小生物が培養純度を示さなくてはならない。
5.中和を前述のように確認する。
6.汚れ滅菌対照が成長に対して陰性である。
7.有効な試験のためには初期接種対照担体が1担体当たり平均1×106CFU以上を示さなくてはならない。
8.有効な試験のためには再接種対照担体が1担体当たり平均1×104CFU以上を示さなくてはならない。
9.有効な試験のためには最終効力対照担体が1担体当たり平均1×106CFU以上を示さなくてはならない。
・試験物質性能基準
1.処理した担体(洗濯した及び洗濯していない)の結果が、並行未処理対照と比較して少なくとも99.9%の細菌減少を示さなくてはならない。
1.提出するプロトコル(MRID 493581-01)は、LivingGuard技術により処理した織地表面の細菌減少特性の試験に適している。
2.これらのクレームの試験方法は新規かつ発展的である。任意の現在認められているプロトコル及び/又はラベルが将来変更される可能性がある。
3.製品をCSFについて提唱される認定下限(又は織り材料の許容される最低パーセンテージ)で試験する必要があることに注意されたい。
4.試験は最悪のシナリオを用いて行わなくてはならない(すなわち、布地の混紡の結合を最小及び最大にして、可能な限り低い又はそれに近い全布地組成物当たりのパーセンテージの活性成分(複数の場合もある)を試験する)。全布地組成物当たりの活性成分(複数の場合もある)のパーセンテージを決定しなくてはならない。布地のタイプ及び/又は混紡を指定し、織地を列挙しなくてはならない。
5.データ生成の前に方法の潜在的変動性に対処しなくてはならない。政府機関は、試験室に任意の大幅な方法の修正によって生じる変動性の程度及び原因を評価するよう促している。この情報をGLP試験の前に政府機関に提供する必要がある。例えば、対照担体及び処理担体と関連する変動性の程度を決定するために予備研究を行う必要がある。変動性が過度に高い場合、担体の数を増加させる必要がある。
6.プロトコルに挙げられるすべての標準方法の最新のバージョンを特定し、使用する。試験培養物の生成のためのブロス培地及び各試験微生物の回収のための平板培地を指定する(緑膿菌(ATCC 15442)、サルモネラ・エンテリカ(Salmonella enterica)(ATCC 10708)又は黄色ブドウ球菌(ATCC 6538)の培養物の調製にAOACのUse-dilution法を用いる)。
7.対照研究はプロトコルに詳述した基準に従って行わなくてはならない。対照許容基準のいずれかが満たされない場合、試験を繰り返してもよい。
8.標準方法に対する任意の変更又は修正のリストを提供する。
1.試験した材料が5分以下の接触時間で最低3.0Log10の減少を示さない場合は、すべての浄化(sanitization)についてのクレームを削除しなくてはならない。
2.確立されていないHBIについてクレームを作成する。加えて、「患者又は衣服と接触する者全員に対する任意の二次汚染の予防」についてのクレームは許容されない。
3.細菌減少のクレームは、定期的に洗浄することができる抗菌処理織地の布地に限定される。登録者は、実証される連続減少有効時間の直後又は直前に洗浄しなければ抗微生物有効性が保証されないことを、織地ラベル(縫い込みラベルを含む)に明確に示さなくてはならない。
4.データが生成及び提出されない場合は、真菌(カビ(mold and mildew))及び藻類についてのクレームをラベルから削除しなくてはならない。
5.クレームを表示するためには、処理した織地の静菌特性を実証しなくてはならない。
6.残留細菌減少率のクレームを表示する場合、その減少率を達成するのに必要な時間を付記する。
7.減少率、接触時間、洗浄回数、多重曝露時間及び減少率、織地の有効性に影響を及ぼす可能性がある任意の洗濯洗剤に関する警告(該当する場合)は、「ラベル」及び「縫い込みラベル」上に明確に示さなくてはならない。織地縫い込みラベルを見本のために提出しなくてはならない。
8.以下の文言が登録製品に必要とされる。抗菌処理した布地の使用は、標準的な感染対策の実施を補助するものであり、それに代わるものではない。使用者は、定期的洗浄及び適正衛生規範を含むすべての現行の感染対策の実施に引き続き従う必要がある。織地形態でない布地材料を試験した。抗菌処理した布地は微生物汚染を低減することが示されたが、必ずしも二次汚染を予防するわけではない。
プロトコルの終了
1.サンプルサイズ:1インチ×4インチ、三連
2.試験サンプルの前処理:15分間のUV光への曝露
3.対照サンプルの前処理:自由蒸熱
4.摩耗の回数:12回
5.再接種の回数:11回
6.接種材料の中心:0.1%(v/v)Triton X-100及び5%(v/v)ウシ血清アルブミンを含有するリン酸緩衝水
7.中和剤:レーゼンブロス
1インチ×4インチの寸法のサンプルの対照及び試験片を滅菌スライドガラスに巻き付け、湿度制御したペトリ皿に置く。密度107の試験生物を、0.1%Triton X-100及び5%ウシ血清アルブミンを含有するリン酸緩衝食塩水で105CFU/mlまでさらに希釈する。これを接種材料として試験に使用した。接種方法は織地の端から端までのスポット接種とし、接種材料があふれ出さないように注意する。処理織地及び対照織地1片当たり正確に0.1mlを接種した。試験織地及び対照織地を、15分間の中間乾燥段階を間に挟んだ6回の乾式摩耗及び6回の湿式摩耗に三連で供した。3つの対照織地セットについては中和剤を添加することで終了し、混釈平板法に供して1担体当たりのCFUを決定した。この値を接種材料対照とした。接種後に、およそ1kgの重りを置き、4回往復させることによってサンプルを機械的摩耗に供した。これを対照織地及び試験織地に対して同時に室温、50%湿度で行った。各摩耗後に、ガラスビーズを含有する20mlの中和剤レーゼンブロスを添加することによって試験片のインキュベーションを終了した。これをボルテックスに供し、平板培養して1担体当たりの生存試験細菌のCFUを決定した。適切な中和剤の検証も行った。
試験織地:試験織地を65%ポリエステル/35%綿から210g/m2で作製し、以下の活性成分:0.5%ポリヘキサメチレンビグアニド(PHMB)、0.075%塩化銀、0.4%オクタデシルアミノメチルトリヒドロキシシリルプロピルアンモニウムクロリド(オルガノシラン)及び0.5%プロピコナゾールで処理した。
対照織地:65%ポリエステル/35%綿でできた210g/m2の未処理の試験織地。
1)バクテリオファージ普通ブロスを、1Lの精製水中8gの普通ブロス、5gの塩化カリウム、0.2gの塩化カルシウム及び0.01%の界面活性剤を用いて調製した。これをpH7.2に調整し、オートクレーブ内で最終滅菌した。
2)70mm×70mm平方の試験織地を切断し、試験のために中央57mm部分を開けたフランジにPTFEガスケットを備える試験セルに入れた。試験の検証のために対照織地サンプルについても同様に行った。
3)バクテリオファージチャレンジ懸濁液を、大腸菌C株を含む250ml容フラスコ内の25mlのバクテリオファージ普通ブロスを用いて調製し、振盪し続けながら37℃で一晩インキュベートした。
4)1リットル容フラスコ内で、100mlの新たなバクテリオファージ普通ブロス中100倍希釈の一晩細菌培養物を調製した。1.3×108という培養物の密度が達成されるまで、振盪し続けながら37℃でフラスコをインキュベートした。
5)上記の細菌培養物に、1×109PFU/mlの力価の10mlのPhi-X174バクテリオファージストックを接種した。バクテリオファージ対細菌細胞の比率は1.2に調整した。
6)上記の培養物を遠心分離して大型細胞を除去し、上清を清浄な試験管にデカントした。
7)上記のバクテリオファージ上清を0.22μmフィルタに通して濾過し、得られるファージを4×1010PFU/mlの実験用ストックとした。
8)ストック溶液をバクテリオファージ普通ブロスで1.23×108PFU/mlの濃度に希釈した。
浸透セルチャンバの上部を、60mlのPhi-X174バクテリオファージチャレンジ懸濁液で満たし、13.8kPa(=138mbar)の空気圧を1分間加え、濾過した懸濁液を、排水弁を開けることによって浸透セルの下部から回収し、中和し、標準方法による大腸菌の計数に用いた後、プラークの存在について試験した。適切な中和の検証も行った。
処理した織地は、バクテリオファージPhi-X174に対して7を超える対数減少値を示す。実験により本発明による布地材料の優れた抗ウィルス活性が実証される。
11:第1の粒子フィルタ125により濾過される前の水
12:第1の粒子フィルタ125により濾過された後の水
13:投入容器140に貯蔵され、フィルタ構造130により濾過される前の水
14:フィルタ構造130により濾過された後の水
15:フィルタ構造150,252により濾過される前の水
16:貯蔵容器170に集められた浄水
17:浄水
100:浄水装置
110:キャップ
120:粗フィルタ構造
121:カップ状構造
122:流出口
123:カラー
125:粗い面フィルタ
130:第1のフィルタ構造(内側フィルタ構造)
131:閉鎖ベース構造
132:開口133を有するベース
133:開口
134:キャビティ
135:スリーブ 粒子フィルタ (不織布フィルタ)
136:粒子フィルタ
137:活性炭フィルタ
140:投入容器
145:流路
150:第2のフィルタ構造 (外側フィルタ構造)
151:閉鎖ベース構造
152:開口153を有するベース
153:開口
154:キャビティ
155:メルトブロー型織地フィルタ
156:抗菌フィルタ
160:支持リング及び/又はシールリング
161:カラー
162:円筒部
163:開口
164:外側シェル
165:内側シェル
170:貯蔵容器
180:タップ
200:浄水システム
210:原水貯蔵タンク
220:ポンプ
221:排水口
222:排水口
230:濁りを除去するためのモジュール(圧力砂濾過器)
231:フッ化物を除去するためのモジュール(樹脂フィルタ)
232:臭気を除去するためのモジュール(活性炭フィルタ)
233:ヒ素を除去するためのモジュール
234:水を軟化させるためのモジュール
235:塩貯蔵部
240:より微細な汚染粒子を除去するためのモジュール(粒子フィルタ)
241:シスト及び/又は微細な汚染粒子を除去するためのモジュール(粒子フィルタ)
250:微生物を除去するためのモジュール
251:収容パイプ
252:フィルタ構造
253:開口
255:粒子フィルタ
256:抗菌フィルタ
257:流出口
Claims (20)
- 布地材料に抗菌性を付与するプロセスであって、
液剤付与プロセスを用いて前記布地材料を処理して、
第4級アンモニウムオルガノシラン化合物、プロピコナゾール、及びポリヘキサメチレンビグアニドからなる群から選択された2以上の抗菌剤又は
ポリグルコサミン、プロピコナゾール、及びポリヘキサメチレンビグアニドからなる群から選択された2以上の抗菌剤又は
第4級アンモニウムオルガノシラン化合物、ポリグルコサミン、プロピコナゾール、及びポリヘキサメチレンビグアニドからなる群から選択された3以上の抗菌剤が前記布地材料に付与され、
前記布地材料を乾燥及びキュアリングし、このキュアリングは、150℃以上205℃以下のキュアリング温度で行われる、
プロセス。 - 前記液剤付与プロセスは、吸尽プロセスである、請求項1のプロセス。
- 前記液剤は溶媒を含み、前記抗菌剤は前記溶媒と均一混合物を形成する、請求項2のプロセス。
- 前記プロセスは、前記吸尽プロセスの後に行われる第2のプロセスサイクルを含み、該第2のプロセスサイクルは、
1以上の抗菌剤を含む液剤による液剤付与プロセスを用いて前記布地材料を処理し、
前記処理された布地材料を乾燥及びキュアリングすることを含み、このキュアリングは、150℃以上のキュアリング温度で少なくとも部分的に行われる、
請求項3のプロセス。 - 前記吸尽プロセスの吸尽時間は30分以上120分以下である、請求項2から4のいずれか一項のプロセス。
- 前記吸尽プロセス中に、前記液剤は、45℃以上の温度及び/又は沸点温度よりも低い温度を有する、請求項2から5のいずれか一項のプロセス。
- 前記吸尽プロセスの前記液剤の20℃及び/又は80℃におけるセンチポアズ(cP)での動粘性率の値は、20℃及び/又は80℃における水の動粘性率よりもそれぞれ20%以下だけ高い、請求項2から6のいずれか一項のプロセス。
- 前記布地材料の乾燥の工程は、100℃以上の周囲温度で少なくとも部分的に行われる、請求項1から7のいずれか一項のプロセス。
- キュアリングは、205℃以下の周囲温度で行われる、請求項1から8のいずれか一項のプロセス。
- キュアリングは、30秒以上の期間にわたって請求項1又は9に規定されるキュアリング温度で行われる、請求項1から9のいずれか一項のプロセス。
- 出発布地材料は、セルロース系布地材料、合成布地材料、又はセルロース系布地材料及び/又は合成布地材料を含む混紡である、請求項1から10のいずれか一項のプロセス。
- すべてのプロセスサイクルの液剤における抗菌剤は、前記布地材料の重量に基づけば、合計で0.1重量%以上の量及び/又は前記布地材料の重量に基づけば、合計で2.5重量%以下の量が前記布地材料に付与される、請求項1から11のいずれか一項のプロセス。
- すべてのプロセスサイクルの液剤において、前記布地材料の重量に基づけば、合計で0.1重量%以上の量及び/又は前記布地材料の重量に基づけば、合計で5重量%以下の量の第4級アンモニウムオルガノシラン化合物が前記布地材料に付与される、請求項1から12のいずれか一項のプロセス。
- すべてのプロセスサイクルの液剤において、前記布地材料の重量に基づけば、合計で0.5重量%以下の量及び/又は前記布地材料の重量に基づけば、合計で0.05重量%以上の量のポリグルコサミンが前記布地材料に付与される、請求項1から13のいずれか一項のプロセス。
- すべてのプロセスサイクルの液剤において、前記布地材料の重量に基づけば、合計で0.5重量%以下の量及び/又は前記布地材料の重量に基づけば、合計で0.03重量%以上の量のポリヘキサメチレンビグアニドが前記布地材料に付与される、請求項1から14のいずれか一項のプロセス。
- すべてのプロセスサイクルの液剤において、前記布地材料の重量に基づけば、合計で0.6重量%以下の量及び/又は前記布地材料の重量に基づけば、合計で0.05重量%以上の量のプロピコナゾールが前記布地材料に付与される、請求項1から15のいずれか一項のプロセス。
- 前記抗菌剤が非浸出的な方法で前記布地材料に付着又は結合又は共有結合している、請求項1から16のいずれか一項のプロセス。
- 非浸出は、前記布地材料の重量に基づけば、前記布地材料に付着又は結合又は共有結合した抗菌剤の0.1重量%の量に対して、
布地材料10グラム当たり水1000mlの比率で蒸留曝露水に前記布地材料を浸漬し、
試験期間中、21℃から25℃の温度で前記布地材料全体を前記曝露水に浸漬し続け、
前記試験期間後、曝露水を抽出し、前記抗菌剤のそれぞれの存在について前記曝露水を試験する
方法により試験を行った場合に、24時間の試験期間内水に曝露されたときの前記1以上の抗菌剤のうちの1つ、いずれか、又はすべての浸出が、5.0ppm以下であることを意味する、
請求項17のプロセス。 - 前記抗菌布地材料は、ASTM規格E 2149-10及び/又はAATCC試験法100-1999及び/又はAATCC試験法100-2012に従って測定した、大腸菌ATCC 25922及び/又は黄色ブドウ球菌ATCC 6538及び/又はATCC 43300及び/又はクレブシエラ・ニューモニエATCC 4352及び/又はATCC 13883及び/又はコレラ菌ATCC 14035及び/又はクロストリジウム・ディフィシレATCC 43598胞子の減少値が、24時間の接触時間内で、99.9%以上となる、請求項1から18のいずれか一項のプロセス。
- 前記抗菌布地材料は、EPA 90072PA4プロトコルに従って試験した場合に、10分以内の連続再接種に続く交互の乾式及び湿式摩耗サイクルにおいて、25回の洗濯後に、黄色ブドウ球菌ATCC 6538及び/又はATCC 43300及び/又は大腸菌ATCC 11229及び/又は緑膿菌ATCC 15442及び/又はサルモネラ・エンテリカATCC 10708及び/又は黄色ブドウ球菌(MRSA)ATCC 33592及び/又はATCC 43300及び/又はクレブシエラ・ニューモニエATCC 13883及び/又はコレラ菌ATCC 14035及び/又はクロストリジウム・ディフィシレATCC 43598胞子の減少値が、99%以上となる、請求項1から19のいずれか一項のプロセス。
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