JP6464252B2 - 黒鉛2次粒子及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池 - Google Patents
黒鉛2次粒子及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6464252B2 JP6464252B2 JP2017500385A JP2017500385A JP6464252B2 JP 6464252 B2 JP6464252 B2 JP 6464252B2 JP 2017500385 A JP2017500385 A JP 2017500385A JP 2017500385 A JP2017500385 A JP 2017500385A JP 6464252 B2 JP6464252 B2 JP 6464252B2
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- negative electrode
- graphite
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Classifications
-
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Description
a軸方向の結晶子の大きさが50nm、c軸方向の結晶子の大きさが30nm、(002)面の面間隔(d002)が0.3360nmであり、粒径が5μmである非晶質系炭素がコーティングされている天然黒鉛1次粒子(コーティング量:2%)50重量%と、a軸方向の結晶子の大きさが30nm、c軸方向の結晶子の大きさが20nm、(002)面の面間隔(d002)が0.3370nmであり、粒径が5μmである人造黒鉛1次粒子50重量%からなる混合物にバインダ及び触媒を投入して混合した後、窒素雰囲気下で2800℃で熱処理して黒鉛2次粒子を製造した。このとき、前記人造黒鉛1次粒子はコークス系人造黒鉛を用いた。
人造黒鉛1次粒子がモザイク系人造黒鉛であることを除き、前記製造例1と同様の方法を介して黒鉛2次粒子を製造し、負極を製作した。
人造黒鉛1次粒子がMCMB型人造黒鉛であることを除き、前記製造例1と同様の方法を介して黒鉛2次粒子を製造し、負極を製作した。
黒鉛2次粒子の代りに非晶質系炭素材がコーティングされている天然黒鉛と人造黒鉛を5:5の重量比で混合して用いたことを除き、前記製造例1と同様の方法を介して負極を製作した。
非晶質系炭素材がコーティングされている天然黒鉛1次粒子の代りに複数の人造黒鉛1次粒子(単一物質)を用いて黒鉛2次粒子を製造したことを除き、前記製造例1と同様の方法を介して負極を製作した。
熱処理温度を2500℃にしたことを除き、前記製造例1と同様の方法を介して黒鉛2次粒子を製造し、負極を製作した。
熱処理温度を800℃にしたことを除き、前記製造例1と同様の方法を介して黒鉛2次粒子を製造し、負極を製作した。
熱処理温度を3000℃にしたことを除き、前記製造例1と同様の方法を介して黒鉛2次粒子を製造し、負極を製作した。
1)コイン型半電池の製作
対電極(counter electrode)としてリチウム金属ホイル(foil)を用い、前記対電極と前記製造例1−1で製造した負極とをコイン型に打ち抜き、LiPF6が1molで2重量%のVC(vinyl chloride)が溶解されているカーボネート系電解液を注入してコイン型半電池を製造した。
正極活物質としてLiCoO2 96重量%とカーボンブラック2重量%及びポリフルオロビニリデン2重量%を混合し、N−メチル−2−ピロリドン(NMP)をさらに添加し混合して正極活物質スラリーを製造し、これをアルミニウムホイルに130μmの厚さに塗布した後、圧延及び乾燥して正極を製造した。
負極として前記製造例2で製造した負極を用いたことを除き、前記実施例1−1と同様にコイン型半電池及びモノセルを製作した。
負極として前記製造例3で製造した負極を用いたことを除き、前記実施例1−1と同様にコイン型半電池及びモノセルを製作した。
負極として前記比較製造例1で製造した負極を用いたことを除き、前記実施例1−1と同様にコイン型半電池及びモノセルを製作した。
負極として前記比較製造例2で製造した負極を用いたことを除き、前記実施例1−1と同様にコイン型半電池及びモノセルを製作した。
負極として前記製造例4で製造した負極を用いたことを除き、前記実施例1−1と同様にコイン型半電池及びモノセルを製作した。
負極として前記比較製造例3で製造した負極を用いたことを除き、前記実施例1−1と同様にコイン型半電池及びモノセルを製作した。
負極として前記比較製造例4で製造した負極を用いたことを除き、前記実施例1−1と同様にコイン型半電池及びモノセルを製作した。
前記実施例1から3及び比較例1から2で製作した各コイン型半電池のスウェリング特性を比較分析した。各電池の厚さは、コイン形態の実時間厚さ測定装備を利用して測定した。結果を図1に示した。
前記実施例4及び比較例3と4で製作した各コイン型半電池のスウェリング特性を比較分析した。各電池の厚さは、コイン形態の実時間厚さ測定装備を利用して測定した。結果を図4に示した。
前記実施例1から3及び比較例1から2で製作した各コイン型半電池の容量特性を比較分析した。
前記実施例1から3及び比較例1から2で製作した各モノセルの入出力特性を比較分析した。
Claims (23)
- 天然黒鉛1次粒子及び人造黒鉛1次粒子が組み立てられた黒鉛2次粒子であって、前記天然黒鉛1次粒子に非晶質系炭素材がコーティングされている黒鉛2次粒子を含み、
前記天然黒鉛1次粒子の粉体状態X線回折分析によるa軸方向の結晶子の大きさが45nmから55nmで、c軸方向の結晶子の大きさが25nmから35nmであり、
前記人造黒鉛1次粒子のa軸方向の結晶子の大きさが35nmから45nmで、c軸方向の結晶子の大きさが15nmから30nmのものである負極活物質。 - 前記黒鉛2次粒子は、全体細孔容積が3cm3/gから30cm3/gのものである請求項1に記載の負極活物質。
- 前記黒鉛2次粒子は、比表面積が1m2/gから10m2/gのものである請求項1に記載の負極活物質。
- 前記天然黒鉛1次粒子の容量は、355mAh/gから365mAh/gのものである請求項1に記載の負極活物質。
- 前記天然黒鉛1次粒子は、粉体状態X線回折分析による(002)面の面間隔(d002)が0.3355nmから0.3365nmのものである請求項1に記載の負極活物質。
- 前記天然黒鉛1次粒子は、電極状態X線回折分析による(002)面と(110)面のピーク強度比(I002/I110)が550から650であり、(004)面と(110)面のピーク強度比(I004/I110)が25から35のものである請求項1に記載の負極活物質。
- 前記天然黒鉛1次粒子は、平均粒径が2μmから10μmのものである請求項1に記載の負極活物質。
- 前記人造黒鉛は、ニードルコークス系人造黒鉛、モザイクコークス系人造黒鉛及びMCMB(meso−carbon microbeads)型人造黒鉛からなる群より選択される1種以上のものである請求項1に記載の負極活物質。
- 前記人造黒鉛は、モザイクコークス系人造黒鉛及びMCMB型人造黒鉛からなる群より選択される1種以上のものである請求項1に記載の負極活物質。
- 前記人造黒鉛1次粒子の容量は、320mAh/gから340mAh/gのものである請求項1に記載の負極活物質。
- 前記人造黒鉛1次粒子は、粉体状態X線回折分析による(002)面の面間隔(d002)が0.3365nmから0.3380nmのものである請求項1に記載の負極活物質。
- 前記人造黒鉛1次粒子は、電極状態X線回折分析による(002)面と(110)面のピーク強度比(I002/I110)が50から150であり、(004)面と(110)面のピーク強度比(I004/I110)が5から15のものである請求項1に記載の負極活物質。
- 前記人造黒鉛1次粒子は、平均粒径が2μmから10μmのものである請求項1に記載の負極活物質。
- 前記黒鉛2次粒子の平均粒径は、10μmから30μmのものである請求項1に記載の負極活物質。
- 前記黒鉛2次粒子のアスペクト比は、1から1.5のものである請求項1に記載の負極活物質。
- 前記黒鉛2次粒子は、電極状態X線回折分析による(002)面と(110)面のピーク強度比(I002/I110)が200から400であり、(004)面と(110)面のピーク強度比(I004/I110)が10から25のものである請求項1に記載の負極活物質。
- 非晶質系炭素材の前駆体物質と天然黒鉛1次粒子を混合し、熱処理して非晶質系炭素材がコーティングされている天然黒鉛1次粒子を製造する段階;
石炭系重質油、繊維系重質油、タール類、ピッチ類及びコークス類からなる群より選択される1種以上を500から3000℃の熱処理で粉体黒鉛化して人造黒鉛1次粒子を製造する段階;
非晶質系炭素材がコーティングされている天然黒鉛1次粒子、人造黒鉛1次粒子、バインダ及び触媒を混合する段階;及び
1000から2800℃で熱処理して黒鉛2次粒子を製造する段階;を含む請求項1に記載の負極活物質の製造方法。 - 前記非晶質系炭素材は、石油系重質油及びピッチオイルからなる群より選択される1種以上で製造されるものである請求項17に記載の負極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記天然黒鉛1次粒子にコーティングされる非晶質系炭素材のコーティング量は、0%超過及び30%以下のものである請求項17に記載の負極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記黒鉛2次粒子は、非晶質系炭素材でコーティングされている天然黒鉛1次粒子と人造黒鉛1次粒子が3:7から7:3の重量比を有するように含むものである請求項17に記載の負極活物質の製造方法。
- 天然黒鉛1次粒子及び易黒鉛化炭素(soft carbon)粒子を混合して2次粒子に組み立てる段階;
前記組み立てられた2次粒子を3000から3200℃の熱処理で粉体黒鉛化して黒鉛2次粒子を製造する段階;を含む請求項1に記載の負極活物質の製造方法。 - 請求項1に記載の負極活物質を含む負極スラリーが集電体上に塗布されている二次電池用負極。
- 請求項22に記載の二次電池用負極と正極、前記負極と正極の間に介在されている分離膜及び電解質を含むリチウム二次電池。
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