JP6285438B2 - 磁性活性炭ならびにこのような材料の調製および再生方法 - Google Patents
磁性活性炭ならびにこのような材料の調製および再生方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6285438B2 JP6285438B2 JP2015527426A JP2015527426A JP6285438B2 JP 6285438 B2 JP6285438 B2 JP 6285438B2 JP 2015527426 A JP2015527426 A JP 2015527426A JP 2015527426 A JP2015527426 A JP 2015527426A JP 6285438 B2 JP6285438 B2 JP 6285438B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- activated carbon
- htc
- gas
- biomass
- magnetic activated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 289
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 93
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 81
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 10
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 90
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- -1 iron ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229940031182 nanoparticles iron oxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caffeine Chemical compound CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N=CN2C RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000003826 Eichhornia crassipes Species 0.000 claims description 4
- LPHGQDQBBGAPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isocaffeine Natural products CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N(C)C=N2 LPHGQDQBBGAPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960001948 caffeine Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- VJEONQKOZGKCAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N caffeine Natural products CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1C=CN2C VJEONQKOZGKCAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004042 decolorization Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002122 magnetic nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000003483 Leersia hexandra Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 45
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 44
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 40
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 27
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 19
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical group CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 241001494496 Leersia Species 0.000 description 15
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 14
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 13
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001460 carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 8
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001479 atomic absorption spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003775 Density Functional Theory Methods 0.000 description 4
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011246 composite particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000556 factor analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000010335 hydrothermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003325 tomography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 3
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000238421 Arthropoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- ORILYTVJVMAKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N adamantane Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC3CC1CC2C3 ORILYTVJVMAKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007833 carbon precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035425 carbon utilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 2
- 230000005293 ferrimagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003055 full factorial design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002538 fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012229 microporous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000166124 Eucalyptus globulus Species 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical group C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uric Acid Chemical compound N1C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1NC(=O)N2 LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVWHNULVHGKJHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uric acid Natural products N1C(=O)NC(=O)C2NC(=O)NC21 TVWHNULVHGKJHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000026 X-ray photoelectron spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002902 bimodal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006324 decarbonylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006606 decarbonylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006114 decarboxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006392 deoxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011067 equilibration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005308 ferrimagnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013335 mesoporous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002159 nanocrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CCVKPWUMYBYHCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolane;pyridine Chemical compound C1CCOC1.C1=CC=NC=C1 CCVKPWUMYBYHCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000005408 paramagnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000314 poly p-methyl styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010063401 primary progressive multiple sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940116269 uric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/34—Regenerating or reactivating
- B01J20/3416—Regenerating or reactivating of sorbents or filter aids comprising free carbon, e.g. activated carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28002—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J20/28004—Sorbent size or size distribution, e.g. particle size
- B01J20/28007—Sorbent size or size distribution, e.g. particle size with size in the range 1-100 nanometers, e.g. nanosized particles, nanofibers, nanotubes, nanowires or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28002—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J20/28009—Magnetic properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28026—Particles within, immobilised, dispersed, entrapped in or on a matrix, e.g. a resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28057—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28057—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area
- B01J20/28061—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area being in the range 100-500 m2/g
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28057—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area
- B01J20/28064—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area being in the range 500-1000 m2/g
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28069—Pore volume, e.g. total pore volume, mesopore volume, micropore volume
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28069—Pore volume, e.g. total pore volume, mesopore volume, micropore volume
- B01J20/28073—Pore volume, e.g. total pore volume, mesopore volume, micropore volume being in the range 0.5-1.0 ml/g
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/3078—Thermal treatment, e.g. calcining or pyrolizing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/3085—Chemical treatments not covered by groups B01J20/3007 - B01J20/3078
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/34—Regenerating or reactivating
- B01J20/3441—Regeneration or reactivation by electric current, ultrasound or irradiation, e.g. electromagnetic radiation such as X-rays, UV, light, microwaves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/008—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material; Processes to increase or to retard the rate of reaction
- B01J8/0085—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material; Processes to increase or to retard the rate of reaction promoting uninterrupted fluid flow, e.g. by filtering out particles in front of the catalyst layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/008—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material; Processes to increase or to retard the rate of reaction
- B01J8/009—Membranes, e.g. feeding or removing reactants or products to or from the catalyst bed through a membrane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/0242—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid flow within the bed being predominantly vertical
- B01J8/025—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid flow within the bed being predominantly vertical in a cylindrical shaped bed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/336—Preparation characterised by gaseous activating agents
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/0036—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties showing low dimensional magnetism, i.e. spin rearrangements due to a restriction of dimensions, e.g. showing giant magnetoresistivity
- H01F1/0045—Zero dimensional, e.g. nanoparticles, soft nanoparticles for medical/biological use
- H01F1/0063—Zero dimensional, e.g. nanoparticles, soft nanoparticles for medical/biological use in a non-magnetic matrix, e.g. granular solids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/102—Carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/30—Physical properties of adsorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
- B01D2259/40088—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
- B01J2208/00168—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00389—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements
- B01J2208/00407—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements outside the reactor bed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00389—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements
- B01J2208/00415—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements electric resistance heaters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00522—Controlling the temperature using inert heat absorbing solids outside the bed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4812—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of organic character
- B01J2220/4825—Polysaccharides or cellulose materials, e.g. starch, chitin, sawdust, wood, straw, cotton
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4812—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of organic character
- B01J2220/4843—Algae, aquatic plants or sea vegetals, e.g. seeweeds, eelgrass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4812—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of organic character
- B01J2220/485—Plants or land vegetals, e.g. cereals, wheat, corn, rice, sphagnum, peat moss
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Description
ステップ1)液体および/または気体を保持するように構成された容器内に、上記で定義された磁性活性炭を提供するステップと、
ステップ2)液体および/または気体を前記容器内の前記磁性活性炭と接触させて、液体および/または気体を粒子から精製するステップと、
ステップ3)前記磁性活性炭を液体および/または気体から分離するために、前記容器に電磁場を印加するステップと、
ステップ4)液体および/または気体を容器から除去するステップと、
ステップ5)電磁場を停止するステップと、任意選択で
ステップ6)精製する必要のある新しい液体および/または気体を容器に充填し、ステップ3)〜5)を繰り返すステップと、さらに任意選択で
ステップ7)磁性活性炭の性能を高めるか、または磁性活性炭を破壊するステップと
を含む。
磁性活性炭は、液体および/または気体から粒子を分離するために使用され得る。例えば、磁性活性炭は、水を精製するために使用され得る。粒子は、液体および/または気体から除去されることが必要な任意の要素、物質、分子または原子であり得る。
磁性活性炭は、二酸化炭素、窒素およびメタンのような気体を吸着する。材料は、所与の気体を選択的に取り込むように変更することができる。
材料
様々なバイオマスおよび/またはバイオ廃棄物を使用した:刈取り草、ビール製造からの有機廃棄物(ビール廃棄物)、馬糞およびバイオスラッジ。バイオマスを約1センチメートルの断片に分割し、オートクレーブ反応器に入れた。水、有機酸および少量のFe2+。温度を180〜230℃まで上昇させ、圧力を10〜20バールに平衡化した。数時間後、HTCバイオマスおよび水のスラリーを大きい容器にポンプで注入し、いくらか高温(25〜80℃の間)で5〜6時間平衡化し、その後冷却し、ろ過した。標準化法を用いて、HTCバイオマスの水分、灰分、および元素分析を実施した。
HTCバイオマスの活性化のためのステンレス鋼の反応器は図1に示される。反応器は、反応器チャンバ7およびヒータ8、熱電対(thermal couple)2および熱交換器4を含む。また、気体出口1、気体入口5、気体分配器6および金属フィルタ3も示される。下方から入る気体が供給されるその鉛直設計によって、HTCバイオマスの粒子とCO2との間の良好な接触が保証される。反応器を鉛直の管状炉内に封入した。CO2を下方から供給し、HTCバイオマスとの接触の前に炉内の高温まで熱交換した。熱交換は、鋼ナットを充填したステンレス鋼シリンダ内で実施した。この熱交換器をHTCバイオマス床のすぐ下に配置した。HTCバイオマスを約50mlの床容積を有する2つの交差金属メッシュによって拘束した。任意選択で、石英フィルタを使用してもよい。床のすぐ上に配置された熱電対によって温度を測定した。反応器のほとんどの部分は、重力によって定位置に保持された。円錐形状のコネクタにより、反応器は容易に取付けおよび取外し着脱することが可能になる。
各バッチにおいて、CO2の流れの中で約5gのHTCバイオマスを活性化した。温度を室温から設定温度まで10℃/分の速度で傾斜させた。設定温度において、指定の時間サンプルを活性化した。その後、活性化されたHTCバイオマスを室温まで冷却した。指定の活性化時間が0時間の場合、設定温度に到達したらすぐに加熱を停止した。全ての活性化のための全てのステップの間、反応器床を通してCO2を流した。
二重共鳴モードで4mmプローブヘッドにおいて151MHzで作動するBruker AVANCE IIIスペクトロメータにおいて、13CNMRスペクトルを記録した。マジック角回転(MAS)は14kHzであった。13CNMRのケミカルシフトのスケールは、アダマンタンサンプルを用いて外部から較正した。45パルスおよび5秒のリサイクリング時間を用いる直接分極13CNMRにより、スペクトルの部分飽和を回避した。通常、8〜16kスキャンを総計した。スペクトル線の幅と比較して少量の指数フィルタリングを使用した。スペクトルをTopspinソフトウェアにおいて処理した。窒素吸着等温線は、Micromeritics ASAP2020デバイスを用いて77Kで測定した。吸着実験を実行する前に、300℃の温度で5時間、動的真空(dynamic vacuum)の条件下でサンプルを脱気した。Brunauer−Emmet−Teller(BET)およびLangmuir等温線のための標準式を用いて比表面積(SBETおよびSL)を計算した。BETおよびLangmuirのいずれの分析の場合も、p/p0=0.06〜0.29の相対圧力における窒素の取込みを使用した。p/p0=0.99における取込みから全細孔容積(Vt)を推定した。t−プロット法を用いて、ミクロ細孔容積Vmicおよび外部表面積Sextを推定した(ミクロ細孔は2nmよりも小さく、メソ細孔は2nm〜50nmの範囲である)。ミクロ細孔比表面積Smicは、SBETまたはSLと、Sextとの間の差として近似した。サンプル中の細孔サイズの分布は、Micromeriticsルーチンを用いる本来の密度汎関数理論(DFT)によって決定した。
活性化HTCバイオマスの特徴付け
活性炭の特性は、HTCバイオマスの化学的性質および適用されるプロセス条件の両方によって決まる。活性化HTC刈取り草およびHTC馬糞は、商業的な起源を有する活性炭と類似の比表面積を有した(表1を参照)。HTCビール廃棄物およびHTCバイオスラッジからの活性炭は、他よりも比表面積が小さかった。活性化HTCバイオスラッジの表面積がより大きく低下されるのは、その大量の不活性灰分のためであろう。収率は、HTC馬糞およびHTCバイオスラッジの場合よりもHTCビール廃棄物およびHTC刈取り草から活性炭への活性化の方が高かった。より高い収率は、より高い炭化度と相関する。表1は、固定したプロセス条件で活性化された活性炭のデータを示す。
鉄粒子の原子格子を粉末X線回折(XRD)によって決定した。図5は、17dm3/時の流速および2時間の活性化時間でCO2により800℃において、水熱炭化(HTC)馬糞から調製された活性炭における結晶化酸化鉄(Fe3O4)のXRDパターンを示す。酸化鉄ナノ粒子のサイズは約20〜40nmであり、これは、酸化鉄ナノ粒子が活性化済の炭素内に沈殿された場合に予想され得るサイズよりも有意に大きい。統合された大きい酸化鉄ナノ粒子は、磁性分離のために重要である。酸化鉄ナノ粒子が細孔寸法よりも大きい理由は、水熱炭化プロセスにおける鉄の触媒性質と、HTCバイオマスの活性化の前に鉄がHTCバイオマス内に含有されたという事実とに関する。鉄が捕捉されたバイオマスの触媒駆動される水熱炭化の後に、CO2中での活性化が行われるこのデュアルプロセスは、酸化鉄の大きいナノ粒子が活性炭内に統合されることを可能にする。これらの大きいナノ粒子は、活性炭の多孔質構造内での酸化鉄の小さいナノ粒子の沈殿を用いる従来の技術と比べて分解する傾向がある。
活性化の前にHTCバイオマスの分子構造を調査するために、固相13CNMRスペクトルを記録した。HTC刈取り草の直接分極固相13CNMRスペクトルは図8aに示される。HTC刈取り草の色は黒色であり、原子組成およびその13CNMRスペクトルは、その化学組成および構造が褐炭と同様であることを示した。約170ppmの13CNMRケミカルシフトは酸基の存在を示し、約210ppmはケトンであり、約100および約150ppmは、酸素の有無にかかわらずsp2混成炭素であり、約130ppmは芳香族基であり、そして約30ppmはsp3混成脂肪族炭素であった。
HTCバイオマスの活性化を最適化するために、図1に示される鉛直反応器において、温度、CO2の流速および活性化の時間を変更した。これらのパラメータは、CO2の流れの中での種々の原材料の定型的な活性化にとって重要であると思われる。活性炭は全て、活性化の温度の上昇と共に表面積の増大を示した。収率は、全てのHTCバイオマスについて、温度の上昇と共に予想通りに低下した。HTC刈取り草およびHTCビール廃棄物は、これらのより低いO/C比と一致して、他のものより高い収率で活性化された。この高収率は、13CNMRスペクトルから推定されるような高度の凝縮とよく相関した。HTCバイオマス中の少量の酸素原子は脱酸素化(脱カルボニルおよび脱炭酸反応)が限られており、従って高収率をもたらすと思われた。各サンプルについて収率、比表面積および細孔容積を分析し、表7に示す。
本明細書で使用される場合の「含む/含んでいる」という用語は、記述される特徴、整数、ステップまたは構成要素の存在を指定すると解釈される。しかしながら、この用語は、1つまたは複数の付加的な特徴、整数、ステップもしくは構成要素またはこれらの群の存在または付加を除外しない。
1. A. B, Fuertes and P. Tartaj, Chem . Mater, 2006, 18, 1675−1679.
2. M . Schwickardi, S. Olejnik, E.−L. Salabas, W. Schmidt, and F. Schueth, Chem .Commun., 2006, 3987−3989.
3. M.−M. Titirici and M. Antonietti, Chem. Soc. Rev., 2010, 39, 103−116.
9. N. Baccile, G. Laurent, F. Babonneau, F. Fayon, M.−M. Titirici, and M. Antonietti, J. Phys. Chem. C, 2009, 113, 9644−9654.
10. N. Baccile, G. Laurent, C. Coelho, F. Babonneau, L. Zhao, and M.−M. Titirici, J. Phys. Chem. C, 2011, 1 15, 8976−8982.
12. M. Sevilla and A. B. Fuertes, Energy Environ. Sci, 2011, 4, 1765−1771.
13. Z. Liu and F.−S. Zhang, Desalination, 2011, 267, 101−106.
27. B.−O. Erdenetsogt, I. Lee, S. K. Lee, Y.−J. Ko, and D. Bat−Erdene, Int. J. Coal Geol., 2010, 82, 37−44.
Claims (15)
- 磁性活性炭を調製するための方法において、
a)酸性条件下で鉄イオンの存在下、180〜250℃の間の温度の自発圧力において、バイオマスを含む水溶液を水熱的に処理して前駆生成物を得るステップであって、鉄イオンが炭素構造内にカプセル化され、前記バイオマスが刈取り草、発酵および堆肥化プロセスからのバイオ廃棄物、修飾炭水化物、都市および産業バイオスラッジ、アミノ多糖類、有蹄動物からの漏出物、藻類、海藻、ホテイアオイおよびバガス、またはこれらの混合物を含む群から選択されるステップと、
b)550〜850℃の間の高温で9時間までの期間にわたって活性化剤を混合することによって、ステップa)で得られた前記前駆生成物を活性化するステップと
を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法において、アルカノール、アルキルエステルまたはアルカノンから選択される有機溶媒を用いて、水熱的に炭化された前記バイオマスを活性化の前に抽出するさらなるステップを含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1または2に記載の方法において、前記活性化剤が700〜800℃の間の高温で2〜8時間の間の期間混合されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法において、前記活性化剤が、CO2、希釈O2および/または不活性ガスを含む群から選択される気体または蒸気であることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項4に記載の方法において、気体または蒸気の流速が5〜75dm3/時の間であることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項4に記載の方法において、流速が、ステップa)で得られた前駆生成物5グラム当たり大気圧で5〜75dm3/時の間であることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の方法において、使用される前記鉄が、Fe2+および/またはFe3+を含む鉄塩または合金であることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法において、前記鉄塩がFeSO4であることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の方法において、前記前駆体中の鉄の量が混合物の全重量の0.5〜5wt%の間であることを特徴とする方法。
- バイオマスから得られる磁性活性炭において、600〜1000m2/gの間のSBET、0.50〜1.0cm3/gの間の全細孔容積、t−プロット法から推定した0.050〜0.30cm3/gの間のミクロ細孔容積、および磁性活性炭の重量の2〜10wt.%の間の鉄含量を含み、さらに、炭化バイオマス中の細孔のサイズよりも大きい直径を有する結晶化酸化鉄ナノ粒子を含み、酸化鉄磁性ナノ粒子の直径が10〜50nmの間であり、鉄イオンが炭素構造内にカプセル化されていることを特徴とする磁性活性炭。
- 請求項10に記載の磁性活性炭において、70%超の前記ナノ粒子が結晶化されていることを特徴とする磁性活性炭。
- 請求項10または11に記載の磁性活性炭において、前記酸化鉄ナノ粒子の直径が20〜40nmの間であることを特徴とする磁性活性炭。
- 請求項10〜12のいずれか一項に記載の磁性活性炭の使用において、気体の分離および貯蔵、液体の精製、下水残水および飲料水からの医薬品残渣の除去、不均一触媒担体、水槽および産業用養魚場、産業用水、カフェイン除去プロセス、化学物質漏出の浄化、油、液体、ペンキ、パイプおよび建築材料中の電磁加熱複合体、脱色、脱臭、窒素およびメタンの精製、燃料電池内の電極のクリーニング、スーパーキャピタおよび電池のためであることを特徴とする使用。
- 液体および/または気体から粒子を分離するための方法において、以下のステップ:
ステップ1)液体および/または気体を保持するように構成された容器内に、請求項10〜12のいずれか一項に記載の磁性活性炭を提供するステップと、
ステップ2)前記液体および/または気体を前記容器内の前記磁性活性炭と接触させて、前記粒子を分離して前記液体および/または気体を精製するステップと、
ステップ3)前記磁性活性炭を液体および/または気体から分離するために、前記容器に電磁場を印加するステップと、
ステップ4)前記液体および/または気体を前記容器から除去するステップと、
ステップ5)前記電磁場を停止するステップと、任意選択で
ステップ6)精製する必要のある新しい液体および/または気体を前記容器に充填し、ステップ3)〜5)を繰り返すステップと、さらに任意選択で
ステップ7)前記磁性活性炭を再生するか、または前記磁性活性炭を破壊するステップと
を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 磁性活性炭を再生するための方法において、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の方法に従って調製された前記磁性活性炭内に包埋された鉄粒子を加熱するために振動電磁場を印加することを含むことを特徴とする方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE1250931 | 2012-08-17 | ||
SE1250931-1 | 2012-08-17 | ||
PCT/SE2013/050976 WO2014027953A1 (en) | 2012-08-17 | 2013-08-16 | Magnetic activated carbon and methods for preparing and regenerating such materials |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2015530236A JP2015530236A (ja) | 2015-10-15 |
JP2015530236A5 JP2015530236A5 (ja) | 2016-06-30 |
JP6285438B2 true JP6285438B2 (ja) | 2018-02-28 |
Family
ID=50101346
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015527426A Active JP6285438B2 (ja) | 2012-08-17 | 2013-08-16 | 磁性活性炭ならびにこのような材料の調製および再生方法 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9968881B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2885076B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6285438B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104703689B (ja) |
IN (1) | IN2015DN01933A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2014027953A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (64)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102014100850B4 (de) * | 2014-01-24 | 2015-09-03 | Leibniz-Institut für Agrartechnik Potsdam-Bornim e.V.(ATB) | Magnetisierbare Partikel, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung sowie deren Verwendung |
US9469555B2 (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2016-10-18 | Cristian Predescu | Magnetic nanostructures and device implementing same |
CN104028221A (zh) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-09-10 | 无锡市崇安区科技创业服务中心 | 一种磁性活性炭及其制备方法 |
CN105498700A (zh) * | 2014-09-22 | 2016-04-20 | 北京大学深圳研究生院 | 一种甘蔗渣混合污泥基吸附剂的制备和改性方法 |
TWI554329B (zh) * | 2015-09-07 | 2016-10-21 | 明志科技大學 | 活性碳摻雜二氧化鈦光觸媒的製造方法 |
CN105195095B (zh) * | 2015-09-24 | 2017-08-11 | 东华大学 | 一种利用污泥发酵废弃物制备重金属吸附剂的方法 |
CN105170620B (zh) * | 2015-09-30 | 2018-07-03 | 江苏省中成建设工程总公司 | 一种磁性活性炭协同活化剂修复重金属污染土壤的方法 |
CN105233792A (zh) * | 2015-10-10 | 2016-01-13 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | 一种基于微藻的磁性生物碳复合材料制备方法 |
DE102016201801A1 (de) * | 2015-11-21 | 2017-05-24 | Suncoal Industries Gmbh | Partikelförmiges Kohlenstoffmaterial herstellbar aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
PL239357B1 (pl) * | 2015-12-10 | 2021-11-29 | Univ Warszawski | Sposób otrzymywania mobilnych magnetycznych adsorbentów kompozytowych |
CN106693914B (zh) * | 2016-11-14 | 2019-05-10 | 大连理工大学 | 一种生物质水热制备铬阻控吸附剂的方法与应用 |
CN105854799A (zh) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-08-17 | 复旦大学 | 一种co2活化水热液化生物炭制备磁性炭材料的方法及其应用 |
CN105771898A (zh) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-07-20 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | 利用水生植物废弃物与赤铁矿制备改性生物炭的方法 |
CN105914372B (zh) * | 2016-06-24 | 2019-03-22 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种利用果渣制备的三维多孔生物质碳纳米材料及制备方法和应用 |
CN106076275A (zh) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-09 | 山东农业大学 | 一种多孔磁性六价铬吸附剂及其制备方法 |
CN106179213A (zh) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-12-07 | 浙江沁园水处理科技有限公司 | 一种纳米α‑Fe2O3改性的活性炭的制备方法及其应用 |
CN106315578B (zh) * | 2016-08-19 | 2018-08-03 | 华中科技大学 | 一种联产超级活性炭和液体产品的系统及方法 |
CN106268168A (zh) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-04 | 武汉威富永磁科技有限公司 | 一种有机废气净化装置及其净化方法 |
DE102016216589A1 (de) | 2016-09-01 | 2018-03-01 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Magnetisierte Aktivkohlen und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
CN106540672A (zh) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-03-29 | 合肥学院 | 一种磁性多孔污泥炭载金属氧化物催化剂及其在过硫酸盐氧化反应降解偶氮染料中的应用 |
BR112019013228A2 (pt) * | 2017-01-20 | 2019-12-10 | Kaneka Corp | fertilizante granular contendo glutationa |
US10507452B2 (en) | 2017-05-03 | 2019-12-17 | Savannah River Nuclear Solutions, Llc | Controlled release of hydrogen from composite nanoparticles |
CN107469769A (zh) * | 2017-09-06 | 2017-12-15 | 河海大学 | 一种磁性吸附材料的制备方法及其应用 |
CN107403698B (zh) * | 2017-09-11 | 2019-04-09 | 湖南农业大学 | 一种利用生物质制备活性碳的方法及其制备的活性炭的应用 |
CN107876008B (zh) * | 2017-10-20 | 2021-01-26 | 福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所 | 一种沼池用吸附剂、制备方法及其应用 |
CN107876020B (zh) * | 2017-10-20 | 2020-10-27 | 福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所 | 一种吸附剂、制备方法及其应用 |
CN108117073B (zh) * | 2017-12-29 | 2020-08-11 | 中南民族大学 | 一种利用水葫芦制备多孔碳材料的方法及应用 |
CN108176359A (zh) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-06-19 | 济南大学 | 一种混合废料生物炭的制备方法 |
CN108423678A (zh) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-08-21 | 华南农业大学 | 一种超高比表面积的多级多孔碳材料及其制备方法与应用 |
CN108722349B (zh) * | 2018-05-04 | 2020-12-01 | 广州大学 | 磁性水热炭的制备方法及其应用 |
CN108383118A (zh) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-08-10 | 常州大学 | 一种超高比表面积的微孔碳的物理活化制备方法 |
CN108905965A (zh) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-11-30 | 桂林理工大学 | 污泥生物沥浸-热解联合处理制备重金属吸附剂的方法 |
CN109019598A (zh) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-12-18 | 华南农业大学 | 一种混合生物质制备高比电容的三维多孔碳材料的方法和制成的三维多孔碳材料及其应用 |
CN109465010B (zh) * | 2018-11-23 | 2021-05-25 | 甘肃自然能源研究所 | 一种磁性三氧化二铁-石墨碳纳米复合材料的制备及应用 |
CN109876770A (zh) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-06-14 | 重庆大学 | 磁性水热炭吸附剂的制备方法及应用 |
CN109967035A (zh) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-05 | 湘潭大学 | 一种egta改性磁性炭吸附剂及其制备方法及其应用方法 |
CN110314650A (zh) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-10-11 | 浙江清风源环保科技有限公司 | 一种利用污泥制备磁性生物炭的方法 |
KR102413737B1 (ko) * | 2019-09-25 | 2022-06-30 | 주식회사 도시광부 | 커피 활성탄 탈취제의 제조방법 |
CN110577219A (zh) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-17 | 南京工程学院 | 一种磁性污泥秸秆基活性炭及其制备方法 |
JP7436969B2 (ja) * | 2019-10-23 | 2024-02-22 | 時空化学株式会社 | 生物材料由来のハードカーボン、負極材料、負極、及びアルカリイオン電池 |
US20230249194A1 (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2023-08-10 | Radma Carbon Ab | A Process for Removing Micropollutants in Liquid or Gas |
CN111137886A (zh) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-05-12 | 南京工程学院 | 一种水生植物制备电极材料的方法 |
CN111518600B (zh) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-05-18 | 新疆中宇金盾碳基研究院(有限公司) | 泛碱抑制剂、含有泛碱抑制剂的兰炭基型碳及其制备方法 |
WO2021173608A1 (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2021-09-02 | Northwestern University | Magnetic nanoparticle coated porous materials for recovery of contaminants |
US11307129B2 (en) | 2020-03-23 | 2022-04-19 | Savannah River Nuclear Solutions, Llc | Automatic gas sorption apparatus and method |
CN111547719A (zh) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-08-18 | 上海应用技术大学 | 一种3d多孔碳材料及其制备方法与应用 |
CN111499086B (zh) * | 2020-04-17 | 2023-09-19 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所 | 一种化学镀铜废液的在线资源化处理方法 |
CN111302340A (zh) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-06-19 | 南京工业大学 | 一种沼渣生物炭的制备方法 |
CN111760550B (zh) * | 2020-06-24 | 2022-04-08 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | 一种制备多孔级活性生物炭吸附材料的装置及方法 |
JPWO2021261078A1 (ja) * | 2020-06-24 | 2021-12-30 | ||
CN111974361B (zh) * | 2020-07-11 | 2023-02-10 | 复旦大学 | 基于污泥载体的磁性聚多巴胺六价铬还原捕获剂及其制备方法 |
CN112479313B (zh) * | 2020-12-10 | 2022-08-26 | 南京环保产业创新中心有限公司 | 一种强化磁性树脂脱附的装置及方法 |
CN112881552B (zh) * | 2021-01-14 | 2022-12-06 | 广东省科学院生物工程研究所 | 甘蔗渣基磁性活性炭在检测红糖中的三嗪除草剂中的应用 |
CN112844409B (zh) * | 2021-01-22 | 2023-06-23 | 江苏省农业科学院 | 生物质秸秆基磁性固体酸催化剂的制备方法及应用 |
KR20220129844A (ko) * | 2021-03-17 | 2022-09-26 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 고체 수소 저장 시스템 |
CN113401889A (zh) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-09-17 | 上海星垣纳米科技有限公司 | 一种纳米碳材料及其制备方法 |
CN113753894A (zh) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-07 | 山西华青环保股份有限公司 | 一种四氧化三铁负载活性炭的制备方法 |
WO2023094553A1 (en) | 2021-11-29 | 2023-06-01 | Radma Carbon Ab | A process for the production of magnetic activated carbon (mac) having a variety of properties |
KR102550772B1 (ko) * | 2021-12-28 | 2023-07-04 | 퓨리바이드 주식회사 | 자성 흡착제의 재이용이 가능한 하폐수 처리 시스템 및 하폐수 처리방법 |
CN115626644B (zh) * | 2022-11-04 | 2024-04-30 | 合肥工业大学 | 含纳米铁的压块活性炭及其制备方法和应用 |
CN115739024A (zh) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-03-07 | 盐城师范学院 | 一种以油菜秆为原料的高比表面积磁性活性炭的制备方法 |
CN116037116A (zh) * | 2023-01-20 | 2023-05-02 | 山东大学 | 一种芬顿污泥磁性铁基催化剂及其制备方法与应用 |
CN117160414A (zh) * | 2023-11-02 | 2023-12-05 | 南通海济环保科技有限公司 | 一种含糖废水的水热炭化处理方法 |
CN117160415A (zh) * | 2023-11-02 | 2023-12-05 | 南通海济环保科技有限公司 | 一种含糖废水的水热赋磁处理方法 |
Family Cites Families (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6057368B2 (ja) | 1977-10-28 | 1985-12-14 | 富士電機株式会社 | 磁性粉末活性炭の回収・再生装置 |
JPS5489994A (en) | 1977-12-27 | 1979-07-17 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Ferromagnetic activated carbon forming method |
JPH09241014A (ja) | 1996-03-08 | 1997-09-16 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | 活性炭の製造方法 |
WO2002069351A1 (en) * | 2001-02-26 | 2002-09-06 | University Of Utah Research Foundation | Magnetic activated carbon particles for adsorption of solutes from solution |
US7429330B2 (en) | 2001-08-27 | 2008-09-30 | Calgon Carbon Corporation | Method for removing contaminants from fluid streams |
US8097185B2 (en) * | 2002-02-26 | 2012-01-17 | University Of Utah Research Foundation | Magnetic activated carbon particles for adsorption of solutes from solution |
AU2003227275A1 (en) * | 2002-03-27 | 2003-10-08 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology | Method for regenerating adsorbent by heating |
JP2004161574A (ja) | 2002-11-15 | 2004-06-10 | Tsukishima Kikai Co Ltd | 木質系バイオマスから活性炭を得る方法及び設備 |
CA2512520A1 (en) | 2003-01-13 | 2004-07-29 | Engineering Performance Solutions, Llc | Magnetic activated carbon and the removal of contaminants from fluid streams |
JP2007022840A (ja) | 2005-07-14 | 2007-02-01 | Tanaka Kenzai Kk | 磁化炭化物の製造方法、及び排水処理方法 |
CN100366340C (zh) | 2005-10-14 | 2008-02-06 | 济南大学 | 一种用于微波降解水中有机污染物的催化剂 |
JP2007153684A (ja) | 2005-12-06 | 2007-06-21 | Met:Kk | 活性炭、及びペレットの製造方法。 |
US20100196246A1 (en) * | 2007-10-09 | 2010-08-05 | Headwaters Technology Innovation, Llc | Methods for mitigating agglomeration of carbon nanospheres using a crystallizing dispersant |
HU229789B1 (hu) * | 2008-04-15 | 2014-07-28 | Hm Elektronikai Logisztikai Es Vagyonkezeloe Zartkoerueen Muekoedoe Reszvenytarsasag | Eljárás és berendezés szorbens elõállítására, elsõsorban ivóvíz arzénmentesítéséhez |
US8551617B2 (en) | 2008-12-18 | 2013-10-08 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Magnetic filtration process, magnetic filtering material, and methods of forming magnetic filtering material |
CN101847481A (zh) * | 2009-03-25 | 2010-09-29 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | 废弃生物质制备C-Fe壳核磁性活性炭的新工艺 |
BRPI1014541A2 (pt) * | 2009-05-08 | 2016-04-05 | Nippon Steel Corp | adsorvente híbrido, método para capturar dióxido de carbono em um gás e equipamento para capturar dióxido de carbono em um gás |
CN101642699A (zh) | 2009-08-06 | 2010-02-10 | 浙江大学 | 一种磁性生物碳吸附材料的制备方法及其用途 |
CN101811692B (zh) | 2010-05-05 | 2012-10-10 | 吉林大学 | 一种秸秆资源化综合利用的新方法 |
CN101948106B (zh) * | 2010-09-28 | 2013-03-27 | 华东理工大学 | 一种高比表面积块体多孔炭的制备方法 |
CN102110506B (zh) | 2010-11-17 | 2013-01-09 | 安徽工业大学 | 一种碳基磁性介孔复合微球及其制备方法 |
CN102225792B (zh) | 2011-04-27 | 2013-05-08 | 辽宁大学 | 一种磁性氧化物负载活性炭催化微波降解表面活性剂的方法 |
-
2013
- 2013-08-16 EP EP13829545.6A patent/EP2885076B1/en active Active
- 2013-08-16 WO PCT/SE2013/050976 patent/WO2014027953A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-08-16 IN IN1933DEN2015 patent/IN2015DN01933A/en unknown
- 2013-08-16 US US14/421,949 patent/US9968881B2/en active Active
- 2013-08-16 CN CN201380050153.0A patent/CN104703689B/zh active Active
- 2013-08-16 JP JP2015527426A patent/JP6285438B2/ja active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2885076A4 (en) | 2016-06-01 |
JP2015530236A (ja) | 2015-10-15 |
EP2885076A1 (en) | 2015-06-24 |
CN104703689A (zh) | 2015-06-10 |
US20150217222A1 (en) | 2015-08-06 |
WO2014027953A1 (en) | 2014-02-20 |
EP2885076B1 (en) | 2020-11-11 |
CN104703689B (zh) | 2019-04-12 |
US9968881B2 (en) | 2018-05-15 |
IN2015DN01933A (ja) | 2015-08-07 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6285438B2 (ja) | 磁性活性炭ならびにこのような材料の調製および再生方法 | |
Zhang et al. | Effect of deashing on activation process and lead adsorption capacities of sludge-based biochar | |
Dai et al. | Engineered hydrochar composites for phosphorus removal/recovery: lanthanum doped hydrochar prepared by hydrothermal carbonization of lanthanum pretreated rice straw | |
CN107108232B (zh) | 活性炭、水热炭及其制备方法 | |
Islam et al. | Adsorption capability of activated carbon synthesized from coconut shell | |
Suganya et al. | Computation of adsorption parameters for the removal of dye from wastewater by microwave assisted sawdust: theoretical and experimental analysis | |
Yang et al. | Preparation of ferric-activated sludge-based adsorbent from biological sludge for tetracycline removal | |
Nunell et al. | Conversion of biomass from an invasive species into activated carbons for removal of nitrate from wastewater | |
Mi et al. | Preparation of graphene oxide aerogel and its adsorption for Cu2+ ions | |
Chen et al. | Activated biochar derived from pomelo peel as a high-capacity sorbent for removal of carbamazepine from aqueous solution | |
Demiral et al. | Surface properties of activated carbon prepared from wastes | |
Liu et al. | Fabrication of functional biomass carbon aerogels derived from sisal fibers for application in selenium extraction | |
Hao et al. | Iron oxide nanoparticles embedded in activated carbons prepared from hydrothermally treated waste biomass | |
Wang et al. | Synthesis of NiO using pine as template and adsorption performance for Pb (II) from aqueous solution | |
Fu et al. | Physicochemical and adsorptive properties of activated carbons from Arundo donax Linn utilizing different iron salts as activating agents | |
Mu et al. | Functionalized mesoporous magnetic biochar for methylene blue removal: Performance assessment and mechanism exploration | |
Bouras et al. | The use of an agricultural waste material from Ziziphus jujuba as a novel adsorbent for humic acid removal from aqueous solutions | |
Yang et al. | Fabrication and application of magnetic starch-based activated hierarchical porous carbon spheres for the efficient removal of dyes from water | |
Keereerak et al. | A potential biosorbent from Moringa oleifera pod husk for crystal violet adsorption: Kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamic and desorption studies. | |
Tam et al. | Synthesis of porous biochar containing graphitic carbon derived from lignin content of forestry biomass and its application for the removal of diclofenac sodium from aqueous solution | |
Zhang et al. | Biological self-assembled hyphae/starch porous carbon composites for removal of organic pollutants from water | |
Ibrahim et al. | Kinetics of the adsorption of anionic and cationic dyes in aqueous solution by low-cost activated carbons prepared from sea cake and cotton cake | |
Sewu et al. | Biochar from the co-pyrolysis of Saccharina japonica and goethite as an adsorbent for basic blue 41 removal from aqueous solution | |
Zhao et al. | Preparation of MIL-88A micro/nanocrystals with different morphologies in different solvents for efficient removal of Congo red from water: Synthesis, characterization, and adsorption mechanisms | |
Apostol et al. | Xanthan or esterified xanthan/cobalt ferrite-lignin hybrid materials for methyl blue and basic fuchsine dyes removal: equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20160510 |
|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20160510 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20170217 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20170228 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20170531 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20170731 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20170815 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20171115 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20180109 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20180201 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 6285438 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |