JP6191090B2 - 燃料極用電極材料、固体電解質−電極積層体、固体電解質−電極積層体の製造方法及び燃料電池 - Google Patents
燃料極用電極材料、固体電解質−電極積層体、固体電解質−電極積層体の製造方法及び燃料電池 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 107
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 61
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021523 barium zirconate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- DQBAOWPVHRWLJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium(2+);dioxido(oxo)zirconium Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][Zr]([O-])=O DQBAOWPVHRWLJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ZLIBICFPKPWGIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrimethanil Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=NC(NC=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 ZLIBICFPKPWGIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 11
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 101150058765 BACE1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910002483 Cu Ka Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101000966742 Homo sapiens Leucine-rich PPR motif-containing protein, mitochondrial Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100040589 Leucine-rich PPR motif-containing protein, mitochondrial Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L barium(2+);oxomethanediolate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][14C]([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013025 ceria-based material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002001 electrolyte material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003746 solid phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
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Description
本願発明は、プロトン伝導性の固体電解質層を備える燃料電池の燃料極を構成する燃料極用電極材料であって、ペロブスカイト型の固体電解質成分とニッケル(Ni)触媒成分とを含み、上記固体電解質成分として、イットリウム添加バリウムセレイト(BCY)と、イットリウム添加ジルコン酸バリウム(BZY)の固溶体を含み、上記固体電解質成分のジルコニウム成分とセリウム成分の配合割合が、モル比で、25:55〜7:1であるとともに、燃料極用電極材料に含まれるY 2 BaNiO 5 とBZCYの存在割合が、モル比で、0.01〜0.03であり、上記ニッケル(Ni)触媒成分が、全体の40〜80体積%含ませたものである。
Ba10(Zr8Y2)O29+2NiO→Ba8Zr8O24+BaY2NiO5+BaNiO2
以下、本願発明の実施形態の詳細を説明する。
実施形態に係る固体電解質は、炭酸バリウム、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化セリウム、酸化イットリウムの粉末を所定割合で混合し、ボールミルによって粉砕混練後、一軸圧縮成形することにより、円盤状の成形体を形成した。その後、1600℃で10時間焼成することにより固相反応にて円盤状の固体電解質を形成した。その後、上記円盤状の固体電解質を粉砕機で粉砕後、ボールミルにより粉砕混練することにより、固体電解質粉末を得た。上記酸化ジルコニウムと、上記酸化セリウムの配合量を変化させることにより、下記の固体電解質を得た。
BaCe0.8Y0.2 O2.9(以下、BCY)
BaZr0.1Ce0.7Y0.2O2.9(以下、BZCY17)
BaZr0.25Ce0.55Y0.2O2.9(以下、BZCY2555)
BaZr0.4Ce0.4Y0.2O2.9(以下、BZCY44)
BaZr0.7Ce0.1Y0.2O2.9(以下、BZCY71)
BaZr0.8Y0.2O2.9(以下、BZY)
上記各固体電解質粉末を、CO2ガス100%、600℃の雰囲気中で2時間処理後、各固体電解質の分解率を計測した。分割率は、熱処理後のXRD回折結果から、RIR法(参照強度比法)を用いて、物質毎に与えられた参照強度比とピーク強度の比から元の固体電解質とBaCo3の質量比を算出し、BaCo3の生成量と固体電解質の残存量の比から分解率を求めた。
上述した各固体電解質材料に、触媒成分としてNiを70体積%含むようにNiOを添加して、各固体電解質材料を配合し、ボールミルによって粉砕混練後、一軸圧縮成形することにより、燃料極を構成する円盤状の成形体を形成した。これを1000℃で仮焼結した後、一側にBCYペーストをスクリーン印刷によって塗布し、750℃でバインダを除去した後、1400℃で一体焼結することにより、固体電解質−燃料極積層体を得た。次に、空気極を構成するランタンコバルト−セリア系材料(LSFC)を固体電解質層の表面に塗布し、1000℃で焼結させることにより、固体電解質−電極層積層体11を製作した。なお、各試料を示す符号は、上述したCO2耐性の検証実験と同一としてある。
X線回折法(XRD)によって、各燃料極の生成物について成分分析を行った。
(測定条件)
使用X線: Cu−Ka線
ラインフォーカス:45kV40mA
θ−2θスキャン:2θ=10〜80°
ステップ幅:0.03°
積算時間:1sec
図7に示すように、上記BZCY44にNiを添加して形成された燃料極を備える固体電解質−電極積層体の燃料極2及び空気極3の表面にプラチナメッシュから形成された集電体4,5を設け、図8に示す燃料電池を製作した。比較例として、上記BZYにNiを添加して形成された燃料極を備える固体電解質−電極積層体を用いた。
2 燃料極
3 空気極
4 プラチナメッシュ
5 プラチナメッシュ
10 燃料電池
11 固体電解質−電極積層体
12 筒状容器
13 流路(燃料ガス)
14 流路(燃料ガス)
15 流路(空気)
16 流路(空気)
17 リード線
18 リード線
Claims (5)
- プロトン伝導性の固体電解質層を備える燃料電池の燃料極を構成する燃料極用電極材料であって、
ペロブスカイト型の固体電解質成分とニッケル(Ni)触媒成分とを含み、
上記固体電解質成分として、イットリウム添加バリウムセレイト(BCY)と、イットリウム添加ジルコン酸バリウム(BZY)の固溶体を含み、
上記固体電解質成分のジルコニウム成分とセリウム成分の配合割合が、モル比で、25:55〜7:1であるとともに、
燃料極用電極材料に含まれるY 2 BaNiO 5 とBZCYの存在割合が、モル比で、0.01〜0.03であり、
上記ニッケル(Ni)触媒成分が、全体の40〜80体積%含まれている、燃料極用電極材料。 - 固体電解質層と燃料極とを一体焼結して形成された固体電解質−電極積層体であって、
上記燃料極が、請求項1に記載された燃料極用材料から形成されている、固体電解質−電極積層体。 - 上記固体電解質層が、上記燃料極用電極材料中の固体電解質成分と同一である、請求項2に記載の固体電解質−電極積層体。
- 請求項2又は請求項3に記載された固体電解質−電極積層体の製造方法であって、
上記燃料極用材料を成形して燃料極成形体を形成する燃料極成形工程と、
上記燃料極成形体の片側表面に、固体電解質材料を積層する固体電解質積層工程と、
上記固体電解質材料が積層された燃料極成形体を焼結させる焼結工程とを含む、固体電解質−電極積層体の製造方法。 - 請求項1に記載の燃料極用電極材料から形成された燃料極を備える、燃料電池。
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