JP6185604B2 - 表面改質金属発泡体の製造方法、及びその使用 - Google Patents
表面改質金属発泡体の製造方法、及びその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6185604B2 JP6185604B2 JP2015556485A JP2015556485A JP6185604B2 JP 6185604 B2 JP6185604 B2 JP 6185604B2 JP 2015556485 A JP2015556485 A JP 2015556485A JP 2015556485 A JP2015556485 A JP 2015556485A JP 6185604 B2 JP6185604 B2 JP 6185604B2
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 13
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 13
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 10
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- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006069 physical mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J25/00—Catalysts of the Raney type
- B01J25/02—Raney nickel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
- B01J35/56—Foraminous structures having flow-through passages or channels, e.g. grids or three-dimensional monoliths
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/61—Surface area
- B01J35/613—10-100 m2/g
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
- B01J37/0018—Addition of a binding agent or of material, later completely removed among others as result of heat treatment, leaching or washing,(e.g. forming of pores; protective layer, desintegrating by heat)
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0215—Coating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0215—Coating
- B01J37/0217—Pretreatment of the substrate before coating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
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- B01J37/0225—Coating of metal substrates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
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- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/16—Reducing
- B01J37/18—Reducing with gases containing free hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/132—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group
- C07C29/136—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
- B01J23/755—Nickel
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Description
(a)第1の金属材料を含む金属発泡体を提供する工程と;
(b)前記第1の金属材料とは異なる第2の金属材料を前記金属発泡体(a)の表面上に適用する工程であって、該工程は、有機結合剤及び前記第2の金属材料の粉末で前記金属発泡体の表面を被覆することにより行われ、前記第2の金属材料は、第1の金属化合物を含み、前記第1の金属化合物は、それ自体が浸出可能であるか、又は前記第1の金属化合物とは異なり且つ浸出可能な第2の金属化合物中に合金化することにより変形することが可能であるか、若しくは、その両方である工程と;
(c)前記第1の金属材料及び前記第2の金属材料を合金化することにより、前記工程(b)で得られた前記金属発泡体の合金皮を形成する工程と;
(d)前記工程(c)で得られた合金化された前記金属発泡体を、前記第1の金属化合物及び前記第2の金属化合物の少なくともいずれかを前記金属発泡体の前記合金皮から浸出可能な剤で処理し、前記金属発泡体の前記合金皮から前記第1の金属化合物及び前記第2の金属化合物の少なくともいずれかの少なくとも一部を浸出させる工程と;
を含む方法により得られ、未改質コアと前記合金皮とを含み、電子顕微鏡法により決定される前記合金皮の厚みが、最大50μmまでの範囲であることを特徴とする表面改質金属発泡体を対象とする。
・断面積(Atotal)
・断面積当たりのストラット面積(As)
・断面積当たりのストラットとの周長(Ps)
ここで、VTは、発泡体シート試料の体積(単位[mm3])であり、Wは、発泡体シート試料の重量(単位[g])であり、ρは、発泡材料の密度である。
X[kgNi/m3発泡体]/ニッケル密度[kgNi/m3固体Ni]=Y[無次元]
幾何学的表面積(GSA)=m2/m3
発泡体のストラットの厚み[m]=Y/GSA
FT=0.0017m
ニッケル密度=8900kg/m3
GSA=3100m2/m3
(a)第1の金属材料を含む金属発泡体を提供する工程と;
(b)前記第1の金属材料とは異なる第2の金属材料を前記金属発泡体(a)の表面上に適用する工程であって、該工程は、有機結合剤及び前記第2の金属材料の粉末で前記金属発泡体の表面を被覆することにより行われ、前記第2の金属材料は、第1の金属化合物を含み、前記第1の金属化合物は、それ自体が浸出可能であるか、又は前記第1の金属化合物とは異なり且つ浸出可能な第2の金属化合物中に合金化することにより変形することが可能であるか、若しくは、その両方である工程と;
(c)前記第1の金属材料及び前記第2の金属材料を合金化することにより、前記工程(b)で得られた前記金属発泡体の前記合金皮を形成する工程と;
(d)前記工程(c)で得られた合金化された前記金属発泡体を、前記第1の金属化合物及び前記第2の金属化合物の少なくともいずれかを前記金属発泡体の前記合金皮から浸出可能な剤で処理する工程と;
を含み、表面改質金属発泡体が、未改質コアと前記合金皮とを含むことを特徴とする表面改質金属発泡体の製造方法を対象とする。
実施例1
表面積密度450g/m2、並びに中間孔径580μm及び気孔率93.8%の孔に対応した、表面積0.0222m2/gの75mm×75mm×1.7mmの寸法を有し、ストラットの厚み10μm、見掛け密度552kg/m3、及び幾何学的表面積(GSA)3100m2/m3を有するNi発泡体に、結合剤としてポリビニルピロリドンの1重量%水溶液を噴霧した。結合剤は、15μmの厚みのポリビニルピロリドンの最終的な層を得る量で使用した。
NiCrAl発泡体(73重量%のNi、21重量%のCr、及び6重量%のAl)を用いた点を変更し、特に断りのない限り実施例1を繰り返した。また、合金化は、Ar雰囲気中で、900℃で30分間行った。
Claims (8)
- (a)Ni、Cr、Co、Cu、及びAgからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の金属である第1の金属材料からなる金属発泡体(a)を提供する工程と;
(b)前記第1の金属材料とは異なる第2の金属材料を前記金属発泡体(a)の表面上に適用する工程であって、該工程は、有機結合剤及び前記第2の金属材料の粉末で前記金属発泡体(a)の表面を被覆することにより行われ、前記第2の金属材料が、Si、Al、及びZnから選択される少なくとも1種である工程と;
(c)前記第1の金属材料及び前記第2の金属材料を合金化することにより、前記工程(b)で得られた前記金属発泡体の合金皮を形成し、前記第1の金属材料からなる未改質コアを取得し、前記第1の金属材料と前記第2の金属材料とを含む前記合金皮を取得する工程と;
(d)前記工程(c)で得られた合金化された前記金属発泡体を、酸、アルカリ、又は錯化媒体を用いて処理する工程と;
を含み、電子顕微鏡法により決定される前記合金皮の厚みが、最大50μmまでの範囲であることを特徴とする方法。 - 前記金属発泡体(a)は、ポリウレタン(PU)発泡体を前記第1の金属材料で被覆し、次いで前記ポリウレタン(PU)発泡体を燃焼することにより得られる請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記金属発泡体(a)は、100μm〜5000μmの孔径を有し、X線マイクロトモグラフィを用いて平均値として決定される5μm〜60μmの範囲のストラットの厚みを有し、ISO845に従い単位体積当たりの重量として決定される300kg/m 3 〜1200kg/m 3 の範囲の見掛け密度を有し、ガス吸着を用いてDIN9277に従い決定される100m 2 /m 3 〜20000m 2 /m 3 の範囲の比表面積を有し、以下の式を用いて決定される0.50〜0.95の範囲の気孔率を有し、
気孔率(%)=100/VT×(VT−W(1000/ρ))
前記VTは、発泡体シート試料の体積であり、前記Wは、発泡体シート試料の重量であり、前記ρは、発泡材料の密度である請求項2に記載の方法。 - (a)Ni、Cr、Co、Cu、及びAgからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の金属である第1の金属材料からなる金属発泡体(a)を提供する工程と;
(b)前記第1の金属材料とは異なる第2の金属材料を前記金属発泡体(a)の表面上に適用する工程であって、該工程は、有機結合剤及び前記第2の金属材料の粉末で前記金属発泡体(a)の表面を被覆することにより行われ、前記第2の金属材料が、Si、Al、及びZnから選択される少なくとも1種である工程と;
(c)前記第1の金属材料及び前記第2の金属材料を合金化することにより、前記工程(b)で得られた前記金属発泡体の合金皮を形成し、前記第1の金属材料からなる未改質コアを取得し、前記第1の金属材料と前記第2の金属材料とを含む前記合金皮を取得する工程と;
(d)前記工程(c)で得られた合金化された前記金属発泡体を、酸、アルカリ、又は錯化媒体を用いて処理する処理工程と;
を含み、表面改質金属発泡体が、未改質コアと前記合金皮とを含むことを特徴とする表面改質金属発泡体の製造方法。 - 得られる合金の浸出性を制御するために、前記工程(c)における前記合金化において、加熱温度及び加熱時間並びに冷却時間が調節される請求項4に記載の表面改質金属発泡体の製造方法。
- 少なくとも1種の促進剤元素が、前記工程(b)において前記金属発泡体(a)の表面に適用されるか、又は追加の工程(e)において前記工程(d)で得られた前記金属発泡体に適用されるか、若しくはその両方である請求項4から5のいずれかに記載の表面改質金属発泡体の製造方法。
- 吸着工程又は吸収工程における、又は化学的工程における触媒活性材料の成分としての、請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の方法又は請求項4から6のいずれかに記載の表面改質金属発泡体の製造方法により得られる前記改質金属発泡体の使用。
- 前記化学的工程は、化合物の水素化である請求項7に記載の使用。
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