JP6050463B2 - ヒドロキシル基含有メチルスチレン及び該ヒドロキシル基含有メチルスチレンを組み込んだポリマー - Google Patents
ヒドロキシル基含有メチルスチレン及び該ヒドロキシル基含有メチルスチレンを組み込んだポリマー Download PDFInfo
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- JP6050463B2 JP6050463B2 JP2015221342A JP2015221342A JP6050463B2 JP 6050463 B2 JP6050463 B2 JP 6050463B2 JP 2015221342 A JP2015221342 A JP 2015221342A JP 2015221342 A JP2015221342 A JP 2015221342A JP 6050463 B2 JP6050463 B2 JP 6050463B2
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 112
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 title claims description 14
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- CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinon Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)C1=O CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RXYPXQSKLGGKOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dimethylpiperazine Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)CC1 RXYPXQSKLGGKOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbuta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(=C)C(C)=C SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RCJMVGJKROQDCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpenta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC=CC(C)=C RCJMVGJKROQDCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IBGBGRVKPALMCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1O IBGBGRVKPALMCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000549 4-dimethylaminophenol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- CJSBUWDGPXGFGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylpenta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(C)=CC=C CJSBUWDGPXGFGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZMGMDXCADSRNCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,6-dihydroxy-1,3-diazepan-2-one Chemical class OC1CNC(=O)NCC1O ZMGMDXCADSRNCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenecarboxaldehyde Natural products O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- AZFQCTBZOPUVOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(triphenyl)phosphanium Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[P+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 AZFQCTBZOPUVOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSEFCHWGJNHZNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyl(triphenyl)phosphanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C=1C=CC=CC=1[P+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 LSEFCHWGJNHZNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
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- C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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- C08L9/06—Copolymers with styrene
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
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- C08L7/00—Compositions of natural rubber
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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Description
本国際出願は、2010年5月31日出願の米国仮特許出願第61/349,947号の優先権を主張する。
[式中、各々のGpは、独立して(以下で規定する)保護基であり、mは、包括的に1〜5の整数である]を有する化合物が提供される。
[式中、Gp及びmは、先に定義した通りである]を有するアセトフェノンのカルボニル基に対する、アルキレン基、通常はメチレン基の求核付加を含む。該求核付加は、アセトフェノンを使用した、イリド、典型的にはアルキルトリフェニルホスホニウムイリド(例えばメチルトリフェニルホスホニウムイリド等)を含むウィッティッヒ反応によって達成することができる。(イリドは、例えば、アルキルトリフェニルホスホニウムハライドとアルカリ金属ヒドロカルビルとの反応によって生じ得る。)
[式中、mは、先に定義した通りである]を有する少なくとも1つの単位と、を含む官能化ポリマーが提供される。該単位は、ポリマー鎖の初期単位であり得る(即ち、官能性開始剤として作用する式I化合物のリチオ化型に由来する)か、又は、かかる単位の1以上がポリマー鎖に沿って存在し、任意にポリマー鎖の末端に位置し、任意に官能基に直接結合していてもよい。ヒドロキシル基は、式I化合物の保護基を加水分解することによって提供されてもよい。
[式中、πは、ポリエンマーを含むポリマーであり、各々のGp及びmは、先に定義した通りであり、nは、包括的に1〜10、或いは1〜5、或いは1〜3であり、Zは、水素原子又は終端化合物(以下で定義する)のラジカル(以下で定義する)である]を有していてもよい。カルバニオンポリマーが式Iの化合物と反応する場合、式IIIaのポリマーは、失活によって提供され、水素原子であるZをもたらすか、又は、終端化合物との反応によって提供され、終端化合物のラジカルであるZをもたらしてもよい。
[式中、Mは、アルカリ金属原子であり、Rは、アルキル、シクロアルキル、アリール等のヒドロカルビル基である]を有するイオン化合物を提供するべく、ヒドロカルビルアルカリ金属化合物と反応してもよく、式IV化合物を使用して、式IVのアニオン性炭素原子において開始する鎖成長によって、種々のエチレン性不飽和マーのいずれかの重合を開始し、重合初期に(即ち、ポリマーの開始末端に)、式III単位の組み込みをもたらしてもよい。
「ポリマー」は、1以上のモノマーの重合生成物を意味し、ホモポリマー、コポリマー、ターポリマー、テトラポリマー等を含む;
「マー」及び「マー単位」は、単一の反応物分子に由来するポリマーの一部を意味する(例えば、エチレンマーは、一般式−CH2CH2−を有する);
「コポリマー」は、2つの反応物、典型的にはモノマーに由来するマー単位を含むポリマーを意味し、ランダム、ブロック、セグメント化、グラフト等のコポリマーを含む;
「インターポリマー」は、少なくとも2つの反応物、典型的にはモノマーに由来するマー単位を含むポリマーを意味し、コポリマー、ターポリマー、テトラポリマー等を含む;
「ランダムインターポリマー」は、実質的に非反復方式で組み込まれた、各種類の構成モノマー由来のマー単位を有し、実質的にブロック、即ち3以上の当該マーからなるセグメント、を含まないインターポリマーを意味する;
「カルバニオン」及び「リビング」は、互換可能に使用される;
「ガムムーニー粘度」は、任意の充填剤の添加前の、未硬化ポリマーのムーニー粘度である;
「コンパウンドムーニー粘度」は、とりわけ、未硬化又は部分硬化ポリマー及び粒子状充填剤を含む組成物のムーニー粘度である;
「置換された」は、当該基の意図された目的を妨げないヘテロ原子又は官能基(例えば、ヒドロカルビル基)を含むものを意味する;
「直接結合」は、介在する又は間に入る原子若しくは基を含まず、共有結合的に結合することを意味する;
「ポリエン」は、最も長い部分又はその鎖に位置する少なくとも2つの二重結合を含む分子を意味し、具体的には、ジエン、トリエン等を含む;
「ポリジエン」は、1以上のジエンからのマー単位を含むポリマーを意味する;
「phr」は、ゴム100重量部当たりの重量部(pbw)を意味する;
「保護基」は、(1)第1セットの反応条件の下、その基のH原子を置き換えることができるヒドロキシル官能基の酸素原子に対して十分に反応性であり、(2)カルバニオンポリマー及びそれらを提供するために使用される開始剤に対して非反応性であり、任意に(3)第1セットとは異なる第2セットの反応条件下、H原子によって置き換えられることができる基を意味する;
「ラジカル」は、反応の結果、任意の原子が得られるか又は失われるかに関わらず、別の分子と反応した後に残る分子の一部を意味する;
「終端化合物」は、限定するものではないが、N、Si、O又はSを含む、少なくとも1つのヘテロ原子を含み、且つ、少なくとも1種類の粒子状充填剤との増強した相互作用性を提供する基又は部分を提供すべく、カルバニオンポリマーと反応することができる化学化合物を意味する。
「末端」は、ポリマー鎖の終端を意味する;
「末端部分」は、末端に位置する、基又は官能基を意味する。
シグマアルドリッチ(セントルイス、ミズーリ)−トリエチルアミン(99.5%)、3,4−ジヒドロキシベンズアルデヒド(3,4−DOBA,97%)、3,5−ジヒドロキシベンズアルデヒド(3,5−DOBA,98%)、3’,5’−ジヒドロキシアセトフェノン(3’,5’−DOAP,97%)、メチルトリフェニルホスホニウムブロミド(98%)、及び、4−ジ(メチルアミノ)ピリジン(DMAP,99%);並びに
アクロスオーガニック(ゲール、ベルギー)−tert−ブチルジメチルシリルクロリド(98%)及びテトラブチルアンモニウムフルオリド(TBAF,〜5%の水を含んだTHF中1.0M)。
窒素下、乾燥したフラスコに、〜10.00gの3’,5’−DOAPと0.32gのDMAPとを添加した後、〜180mLのDMFを添加し、薄黄色溶液を提供した。20.2mLのトリエチルアミンを添加した後、〜20.2mLのtert−ブチルジメチルシリルクロリドの溶液(THF中3.0M)を滴下した。得られた懸濁液を〜1時間室温で混合し、その後、ヘキサン〜150mLとNH4Clの飽和水溶液〜50mLとを添加した。有機相を塩水〜50mLで3回洗浄した。揮発性物質を有機相から除去した後、薄茶色のオイルを得た。このオイルを、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(フィッシャーサイエンティフィックの230〜400メッシュ)によって、ヘキサン/エチルアセテート(95:5,v/v)を溶出液として使用して精製した。溶媒を除去した後、無色のオイルを得た(収率98%)。プロトンと13CNMR分光分析(バリアン(商標) 300MHz 分光光度計)によって、生成物が3’,5’−ビス(tert−ブチルジメチルシリルオキシ)アセトフェノン[3’,5’−(TBDMSO)AP,例1]であることを確認した。
THF130mL中のメチルトリフェニルホスホニウムブロミド25.4gに、0℃で、1.6Mn−ブチルリチウム溶液41.9mLを添加し、橙色の懸濁液を形成した。20分後、THF100mL中の3’,5’−(TBDMSO)AP(例1の)22.5gを、カニューレによって該懸濁液に緩徐に添加し、室温で一晩攪拌した黄色懸濁液を形成した。
攪拌子を具えたN2パージした反応器に、1.57kgのヘキサン、0.39kgのスチレン溶液及び2.52kgのブタジエン溶液(ヘキサン中21.6重量%)を添加した。反応器に、n−ブチルリチウム溶液3.37mLを入れた後、2,2−ビス(2’−テトラヒドロフリル)プロパン溶液1.24mLを入れた。反応器カバーを50℃まで加熱し、重合を〜75分間進行させた。ポリマーセメントを室温まで冷却し、BHTを含むイソプロパノールに滴下し、ドラム乾燥した。この未変性コントロールポリマー(例5)について下記の表2にまとめた。
攪拌子を具えた別のN2パージした反応器に、ヘキサン1.53kg、スチレン溶液0.37kg及びブタジエン溶液2.32kg(ヘキサン中22.1重量%)を添加した。反応器に、別個に調製した開始剤溶液を入れ、該溶液は、ヘキサン中のブチルリチウム3.17mL、3,5−(TBDMSO)AMS(例4の)の1.0Mヘキサン溶液5.06mL、及び、2,2−ビス(2’−テトラヒドロフリル)プロパン溶液1.17mLを含んでいた。反応器カバーを50℃まで加熱し、重合を〜75分間進行させた。ポリマーセメントを室温まで冷却し、乾燥したボトルに一部を滴下し、以下の通り処理した:
例6 イソプロパノールで終端、
例7 イソプロパノールの添加後、TBAF溶液(開始剤に対して〜5:2のモル比)を添加し、保護基を加水分解。
これらの試料ボトルの各々を25℃の水浴で〜2時間回転させた後、各々のセメントを、BHTを含むイソプロパノールで凝固させ、ドラム乾燥した。これらの官能化ポリマーの性質を下記表2に示す。
例6−7で調製したポリマーセメントの一部を含む2つのボトルに、ヘキサン中の1.0Mの3,5−(TBDMSO)AMS(例4の)を添加した。一方のボトル(以下で例8に指定された)には、α−メチレンスチレン対リチウムイオンを〜1:1の比で提供するべく、十分な3,5−(TBDMSO)AMSを添加し、他方のボトル(以下で例9に指定された)には、α−メチルスチレン対リチウムイオンを〜3:1の比で提供するべく、十分な3,5−(TBDMSO)AMSを添加した。これらの添加の結果、1つの末端(尾部)官能性単位を含む1つのポリマー(例8)と、3つの末端官能性単位を含んだ別のポリマー(例9)とをもたらす。
補強性充填剤を含む加硫性エラストマー化合物を、例5及び7−11のポリマーから作製した。表3aに示す処方に従って作製したもの(粒子状充填剤としてカーボンブラックのみを使用した)を、それぞれ例12−17に指定し、表3bに示す処方に従って作製したもの(粒子状充填剤としてシリカのみを使用した)を、それぞれ例18−23に指定した。
例12−23の化合物を、171℃で〜15分間硬化させ、それぞれ加硫物24−29(カーボンブラック)及び30−35(シリカ)を提供した。加硫物の物理試験の結果を、以下の表4及び5にまとめる。
Claims (5)
- 下記一般式:
[式中、mは、2〜5の整数であり;nは、1〜10の整数であり;各々のGpは、独立して保護基であり;πは、ポリマー鎖であって、当該ポリマー鎖は、1以上のポリエンの組み込みにより生ずるAマー単位を含み;Zは、水素原子、終端化合物のラジカルまたはAマー単位を含むポリマー鎖である]を有するポリマーの製造方法であって、前記方法は、
a)少なくとも1種類のポリエンと、下記一般式:
を有する化合物との重合をアニオン的に開始することであって、前記少なくとも1種類のポリエンが重合した後に前記少なくとも1種類のポリエンと前記化合物との重合をアニオン的に開始すること、および
b)前記ポリマーを失活すること、前記ポリマーを終端化合物と反応させること、または前記少なくとも1種類のポリエンの追加の量を重合すること、のうちの1つ
を含む、ポリマーの製造方法。 - mが2である、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 前記重合を、官能性開始剤によってアニオン的に開始する、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- スチレンの組み込みから生ずるCマー単位をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 前記保護基を加水分解して、ヒドロキシル基を提供することをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
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US9469661B2 (en) | 2016-10-18 |
CN103038204A (zh) | 2013-04-10 |
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BR112012030344B1 (pt) | 2020-10-27 |
BR112012030344A2 (pt) | 2016-08-09 |
RU2015153417A (ru) | 2017-06-16 |
EP2576490B1 (en) | 2016-08-31 |
JP2013534544A (ja) | 2013-09-05 |
RU2573636C2 (ru) | 2016-01-27 |
JP2016074909A (ja) | 2016-05-12 |
RU2012157509A (ru) | 2014-07-20 |
JP6239722B2 (ja) | 2017-11-29 |
WO2011153109A2 (en) | 2011-12-08 |
US9738733B2 (en) | 2017-08-22 |
US9051455B2 (en) | 2015-06-09 |
US20170002105A1 (en) | 2017-01-05 |
US20150252063A1 (en) | 2015-09-10 |
RU2015153417A3 (ja) | 2019-04-23 |
WO2011153109A4 (en) | 2012-05-31 |
EP2576490A2 (en) | 2013-04-10 |
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