JP5847299B2 - 多孔性コーティング層を含む電極、前記電極の製造方法、及び前記電極を含む電気化学素子 - Google Patents
多孔性コーティング層を含む電極、前記電極の製造方法、及び前記電極を含む電気化学素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5847299B2 JP5847299B2 JP2014510268A JP2014510268A JP5847299B2 JP 5847299 B2 JP5847299 B2 JP 5847299B2 JP 2014510268 A JP2014510268 A JP 2014510268A JP 2014510268 A JP2014510268 A JP 2014510268A JP 5847299 B2 JP5847299 B2 JP 5847299B2
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Classifications
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- H01M4/0404—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
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- H01M4/133—Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Description
前記集電体は、バッテリーの製造において、有害な化学的変化を惹起しない適宜の伝導性を有するものであれば、特に制限されるのではない。前記集電体の例としては、ステンレススチール、アルミニウム、ニッケル、チタン、焼成炭素、銅;カーボン、ニッケル、チタンまたは銀で表面処理したステンレススチール;アルミニウム−カドミウム合金;導電材で表面処理された非導電性高分子;または導電性高分子などを含むが、これに限定されるのではない。
前記集電体は、バッテリーの製造において、有害な化学的変化を惹起しない適宜の伝導性を有するものであれば、特に制限されるのではない。前記集電体の例としては、ステンレススチール、アルミニウム、ニッケル、チタン、焼成炭素、銅;カーボン、ニッケル、チタンまたは銀で表面処理したステンレススチール;アルミニウム−カドミウム合金;導電材で表面処理された非導電性高分子;または導電性高分子などを含むが、これに限定されるのではない。
スチレン・ブタジエンゴム(SBR)とカルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)とを2:1で混合して第1バインダー高分子を用意し、前記用意された第1バインダー高分子を第1溶媒としての水に溶解させたバインダー溶液に、負極活物質粒子としての黒鉛と導電材としてのSuper−Pとを混合することで、水系負極活物質粒子スラリーを製造した。
実施例1と同様に、負極活物質粒子スラリーと無機物粒子スラリーとを用意した後、先に負極活物質粒子スラリーを銅からなった集電体上に1次コーティングして電極活物質層を形成した。それから、2次コーティングで溶媒としてエタノールを使って負極活物質層の空隙を埋めた直後、乾燥する前に無機物粒子スラリーを塗布し、これを同時に乾燥した後、ロールプレスを通じて圧着した。これら工程を通じて得られたサンプル断面をSEMで観察した。図4に示すように、負極活物質粒子間の空間へと無機物粒子が浸透して入った様子を確認した。
実施例1と比較例1とによって製造された電極の断面を観察したSEM写真、すなわち図3および図4から、多孔性コーティング層の厚さを画像分析を通じて数値化し、その結果を利用して数式1に基づいて厚さ偏差を計算し、下記表1に示した。
実施例1では、下層部の負極活物質粒子スラリーのみを塗布し、上層部の無機物粒子スラリーを塗布していない試片の電極重さ及び厚さを利用して単層コーティング時の充填密度を測定し、次いで、上層部の無機物粒子スラリーも塗布して製造した試片の電極重さ及び厚さを利用して充填密度を測定した。
110…集電体
120…電極活物質層
130…多孔性コーティング層
200…多重スロットダイ
210…集電体
220…活物質粒子スラリー
221…第1スロット
230…無機物粒子スラリー
231…第2スロット
290…ガイドローラー
Claims (9)
- 電極の製造方法であって、
(S1)電極活物質粒子が分散しており、第1バインダー高分子が第1溶媒に溶解された活物質粒子スラリーを集電体の少なくとも一面にコーティングするステップと、
(S2)前記コーティングされた活物質粒子スラリーの上に、無機物粒子が分散しており第2バインダー高分子が第2溶媒に溶解された無機物粒子スラリーをコーティングするステップと、
(S3)前記第1溶媒と前記第2溶媒とを同時に乾燥処理することで、先に前記第2溶媒が乾燥され多孔性コーティング層が形成されるようにして第2バインダー高分子が電極活物質層に浸透しないようにし、その後、前記第1溶媒が乾燥され電極活物質層を形成するようにするステップとを含んでなり、
前記電極が、
集電体と、
前記集電体の少なくとも一面に形成され、電極活物質粒子と第1バインダー高分子との混合物を含む電極活物質層と、
前記電極活物質層の表面に形成され、無機物粒子と第2バインダー高分子との混合物を含み、下記数式1を満たす厚さ偏差を持つ多孔性コーティング層とを備えてなり、
前記厚さ偏差が、前記電極活物質層の表面に形成された同一の前記多孔性コーティング層における厚さ偏差である、製造方法。
Tmaxは、多孔性コーティング層の断面を電子顕微鏡で観察したとき、電極活物質層の表面に形成された多孔性コーティング層の最大厚さであり、
Tminは、多孔性コーティング層の最小厚さであり、
Tavgは、多孔性コーティング層の平均厚さである。〕 - 前記第1溶媒及び前記第2溶媒が、互いに独立して、アセトン、テトラヒドロフラン、塩化メチレン、クロロホルム、ジメチルホルムアミド、N‐メチル‐2‐ピロリドン(NMP)、シクロヘキサン、及び水からなる群より選択される一種又は二種以上の混合物であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の電極の製造方法。
- 前記集電体が、
ステンレススチール、アルミニウム、ニッケル、チタン、焼成炭素、銅;
カーボン、ニッケル、チタンまたは銀で表面処理したステンレススチール;
アルミニウム−カドミウム合金;
導電材で表面処理された非導電性高分子;または
導電性高分子であることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の電極の製造方法。 - 前記電極活物質粒子が、LiCoO2、LiNiO2、LiMn2O4、LiCoPO4、LiFePO4、LiNiMnCoO2、及びLiNi1-x-y-zCoxM1yM2zO2(M1及びM2は、互いに独立して、Al、Ni、Co、Fe、Mn、V、Cr、Ti、W、Ta、Mg、及びMoからなる群より選択された何れか一つであり、
x、y及びzは、互いに独立して、酸化物組成元素の原子分率であって
0≦x<0.5、0≦y<0.5、0≦z<0.5、x+y+z<1である)
からなる群より選択される一種又は二種以上の混合物であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3の何れか一項に記載の電極の製造方法。 - 前記電極活物質粒子が、天然黒鉛、人造黒鉛、炭素質材料、LTO、シリコン(Si)、及び錫(Sn)からなる群より選択される一種又は二種以上の混合物であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4の何れか一項に記載の電極の製造方法。
- 前記無機物粒子が、誘電率定数が5以上である無機物粒子、リチウムイオン伝達能を有する無機物粒子、及びこれらの混合物からなる群より選択される一種又は二種以上の混合物をさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項1〜5の何れか一項に記載の電極の製造方法。
- 前記誘電率定数が5以上である無機物粒子が、BaTiO3、Pb(Zrx、Ti1-x)O3(PZT、0<x<1)、Pb1-xLaxZr1-yTiyO3(PLZT)、(1−x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3−xPbTiO3(PMN‐PT、0<x<1)、ハフニア(HfO2)、SrTiO3、SnO2、CeO2、MgO、NiO、CaO、ZnO、ZrO2、SiO2、Y2O3、Al2O3、SiC、及びTiO2からなる群より選択される一種又は二種以上の混合物であることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の電極の製造方法。
- 前記リチウムイオン伝達能を有する無機物粒子が、リチウムフォスフェイト(Li3PO4)、リチウムチタンフォスフェイト(LixTiy(PO4)3、0<x<2、0<y<3)、リチウムアルミニウムチタンフォスフェイト(LixAlyTiz(PO4)3、0<x<2、0<y<1、0<z<3)、(LiAlTiP)xOy系列ガラス(0<x<4、0<y<13)、リチウムランタンチタネート(LixLayTiO3、0<x<2、0<y<3)、リチウムゲルマニウムチオフォスフェイト(LixGeyPzSw、0<x<4、0<y<1、0<z<1、0<w<5)、リチウムナイトライド(LixNy、0<x<4、0<y<2)、SiS2系列ガラス(LixSiySz、0<x<3、0<y<2、0<z<4)、及びP2S5系列ガラス(LixPySz、0<x<3、0<y<3、0<z<7)からなる群より選択される一種又は二種以上の混合物であることを特徴とする、請求項6又は7に記載の電極の製造方法。
- 前記第1バインダー高分子及び前記第2バインダー高分子が、それぞれ独立して、ポリビニリデンフルオライド−ヘキサフルオロプロピレン、ポリビニリデンフルオライド−トリクロロエチレン、ポリメチルメタクリレート、ポリブチルアクリレート、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリビニルアセテート、エチレンビニルアセテート共重合体、ポリエチレンオキシド、ポリアリーレート、セルロースアセテート、セルロースアセテートブチレート、セルロースアセテートプロピオネート、シアノエチルプルラン、シアノエチルポリビニルアルコール、シアノエチルセルロース、シアノエチルスクロース、プルラン、及びカルボキシメチルセルロースからなる群より選択される一種又は二種以上の混合物であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜8の何れか一項に記載の電極の製造方法。
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CN103828092A (zh) | 2014-05-28 |
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PL2838140T3 (pl) | 2019-12-31 |
EP2838140A1 (en) | 2015-02-18 |
US20140023921A1 (en) | 2014-01-23 |
JP2014522549A (ja) | 2014-09-04 |
EP2838140B8 (en) | 2019-08-07 |
EP2838140A4 (en) | 2015-09-09 |
KR101511732B1 (ko) | 2015-04-13 |
CN103828092B (zh) | 2016-07-06 |
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US8951669B2 (en) | 2015-02-10 |
JP6430346B2 (ja) | 2018-11-28 |
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