JP5680770B2 - 高当量イオノマを有するユニット化電極アセンブリ - Google Patents
高当量イオノマを有するユニット化電極アセンブリ Download PDFInfo
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- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 80
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 120
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 61
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorosulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(F)(=O)=O UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910001252 Pd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001260 Pt alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 description 29
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- UQMRAFJOBWOFNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl UQMRAFJOBWOFNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- -1 Palladium ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical group FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021397 glassy carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010416 ion conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003010 ionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013580 millipore water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MUMZUERVLWJKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoplatinum Chemical compound [Pt]=O MUMZUERVLWJKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUJIDPITZJWBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(2+) Chemical compound [Pd+2] MUJIDPITZJWBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003223 poly(pyromellitimide-1,4-diphenyl ether) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8647—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells consisting of more than one material, e.g. consisting of composites
- H01M4/8657—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells consisting of more than one material, e.g. consisting of composites layered
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8663—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for catalytic active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/8668—Binders
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
0.05μmのアルミナを用いてグラシーカーボン電極を磨き、次いで微量の金属を除去するように洗浄し超音波処理を行った。ケッチェンブラックカーボン上の50%白金15mg、ミリポア(Millipore)水13ml、濃硝酸2.5μl、イソプロパノール3ml、および、白金とイオノマ固体との比率が1:1となる表1の適当な量のイオノマを用いてインクを作成した。これらが十分に混合され、個々の粒子が見えなくなるまでインクを超音波処理した。次いで10μlのインクを清浄なグラシーカーボン電極上に堆積させ、ランプ下で乾燥させた。
(パラジウム陽イオンの数×パラジウムの電荷(+2))/(イオノマ中のプロトンの数×プロトンの電荷(+1))×100
Claims (7)
- パラジウムまたはパラジウム合金のコアと、前記コアの外表面上の白金または白金合金の原子的に薄い層と、を有する複数の触媒ナノ粒子と、
前記複数の触媒ナノ粒子の間のパーフルオロスルホン酸イオノマであって、830〜900の当量を有するパーフルオロスルホン酸イオノマと、
を備えた燃料電池用の触媒層。 - 前記原子的に薄い層が、白金金属原子の単層、二重層、および三重層からなる群から選択されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の触媒層。
- 前記触媒ナノ粒子が、2nm〜50nmの直径を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の触媒層。
- 電解質と、
前記電解質の第1の側の触媒層と、を備え、
前記触媒層が、
パラジウムまたはパラジウム合金のコアと、前記コアを封入した白金または白金合金のシェルと、を有する複数の触媒ナノ粒子と、
前記複数の触媒ナノ粒子の間のパーフルオロスルホン酸イオノマであって、830〜900の当量を有するパーフルオロスルホン酸イオノマと、
を備えたユニット化電極アセンブリ。 - 前記白金または白金合金が、前記コアの外表面上の原子的に薄い層であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載のユニット化電極アセンブリ。
- 前記原子的に薄い層が、白金金属原子の単層、二重層、および三重層からなる群から選択されることを特徴とする請求項5に記載のユニット化電極アセンブリ。
- 前記触媒ナノ粒子が、2nm〜50nmの直径を有することを特徴とする請求項4に記載のユニット化電極アセンブリ。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2011/028060 WO2012125138A1 (en) | 2011-03-11 | 2011-03-11 | Unitized electrode assembly with high equivalent weight ionomer |
Publications (2)
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JP2014511556A JP2014511556A (ja) | 2014-05-15 |
JP5680770B2 true JP5680770B2 (ja) | 2015-03-04 |
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JP2013557699A Active JP5680770B2 (ja) | 2011-03-11 | 2011-03-11 | 高当量イオノマを有するユニット化電極アセンブリ |
Country Status (6)
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---|---|
US (1) | US10505197B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2684239A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5680770B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101849818B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103403936B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012125138A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (12)
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JP5724030B2 (ja) | 2011-07-25 | 2015-05-27 | トヨタ モーター ヨーロッパ ナームロゼ フェンノートシャップ/ソシエテ アノニム | 高電気化学的安定性及び高費用効率のコア−シェル触媒 |
EP2909882B1 (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2017-06-14 | Audi AG | Platinum alloy nano catalyst with a non-platinum core |
CN105637690B (zh) | 2012-12-21 | 2018-06-22 | 奥迪股份公司 | 制备电解质材料的方法 |
CN105579142B (zh) | 2012-12-21 | 2018-11-09 | 奥迪股份公司 | 质子交换材料及其方法 |
CN105378994B (zh) | 2012-12-21 | 2017-11-28 | 奥迪股份公司 | 电解质膜、分散体及其方法 |
GB2517394A (en) | 2013-01-16 | 2015-02-25 | Ilika Technologies Ltd | Composite materials |
GB201300810D0 (en) | 2013-01-16 | 2013-02-27 | Llika Technologies Ltd | Composite Materials |
GB2509916A (en) | 2013-01-16 | 2014-07-23 | Ilika Technologies Ltd | A mixed metal oxide material of tantalum and titanium |
JP6181308B2 (ja) * | 2013-12-09 | 2017-08-16 | アウディ アクチェンゲゼルシャフトAudi Ag | 乾式燃料セル前駆基板および基板の製造方法 |
JP6206371B2 (ja) | 2014-10-14 | 2017-10-04 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池用電極触媒層の製造方法 |
KR102644546B1 (ko) | 2018-10-17 | 2024-03-06 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료 전지용 촉매 복합체 및 이의 제조 방법 |
KR20220097006A (ko) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-07-07 | 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 | 막-전극 어셈블리 및 이를 포함하는 연료 전지 |
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