JP5465307B2 - 硫黄−グラフェン複合材料の製造方法 - Google Patents
硫黄−グラフェン複合材料の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 143
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 43
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 123
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 121
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 121
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 109
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001338 self-assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 30
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- JDZCKJOXGCMJGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[S] Chemical compound [Li].[S] JDZCKJOXGCMJGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfurothioic S-acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=S DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007323 disproportionation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- -1 salt compound Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003172 aldehyde group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002003 electrode paste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910003003 Li-S Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001274216 Naso Species 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SOIFLUNRINLCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thiocyanate Chemical compound [NH4+].[S-]C#N SOIFLUNRINLCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thiosulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- JOKZZQQDSRIMNE-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium sulfidoformate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([S-])=O JOKZZQQDSRIMNE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FGRVOLIFQGXPCT-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;dioxido-oxo-sulfanylidene-$l^{6}-sulfane Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S FGRVOLIFQGXPCT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XVIWVTWNQQUGQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;sulfanylidenemethanediolate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=S XVIWVTWNQQUGQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GLNWILHOFOBOFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium sulfide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[S-2] GLNWILHOFOBOFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004355 nitrogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002743 phosphorus functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- DPLVEEXVKBWGHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[K+].[K+] DPLVEEXVKBWGHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004354 sulfur functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
- C01B17/02—Preparation of sulfur; Purification
-
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
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- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
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- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
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- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/80—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70
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Description
図1及び図2を参照すると、本発明の第一実施例に係る硫黄−グラフェン複合材料の製造方法は、以下の工程を含む。
S11、グラフェンシート10分散液を提供する。
S12、グラフェンシート10分散液に硫黄源化合物を溶解し、混合液を形成する。
S13、前記混合液に反応物を添加した後、酸化還元反応によって、反応物と硫黄源化合物が、グラフェンシート10の表面に硫黄単体を生成し、更に、硫黄−グラフェン複合材料を形成する。
S14、硫黄−グラフェン複合材料を前記混合液から分離させる。
図3を参照すると、本発明の実施例2に係る硫黄−グラフェン複合材料の製造方法は、以下の工程を含む。
S21、酸化グラフェンシート分散液を提供する。
S22、硫黄源化合物を酸化グラフェンシートが分散している分散液に溶解し、混合液を形成する。
S23、混合液に反応物を添加した後、酸化還元反応によって、反応物と硫黄源化合物は、酸化グラフェンシートの表面に硫黄単体を生成し、同時に、硫化水素を生成する。これにより、酸化グラフェンを還元して、硫黄−グラフェン複合材料を形成する。
S24、硫黄−グラフェン複合材料を混合液から分離させる。
茶褐色の粉末状の酸化グラフェンを、水に加えた後、超音波処理によって、深褐色の酸化グラフェンを有する安定した分散液を形成する。該超音波処理の効率は100ワットであり、形成される酸化グラフェンの寸法は10mm〜100mmであり、該酸化グラフェンを分散液に24時間放置しても沈殿はみられず、この際、酸化グラフェンの分散液における質量比の濃度は0.5%である。100mlの分散液に0.90741グラムのチオ硫酸ナトリウムを加えて混合液を形成し、激しく撹拌する中で、該混合液に濃度が10%で6mlの塩酸を少しずつ加えると、混合液が混濁し、灰白色で、且つ綿状の沈殿物が生成される。つまり、この現象から、硫黄単体沈殿物が生成されることがわかる。次いで、該灰白色の綿状の沈殿物を遠心分離した後、脱イオン水によって二回洗浄し、温度が60℃の条件下で乾燥させれば、硫黄−グラフェン複合材料を得ることができる。
実験例1と同じ方法によって、酸化グラフェンの分散液を形成する。該酸化グラフェンの分散液におけるその質量比の濃度は0.5%であり、100mlの該分散液に0.7グラムの硫化ナトリウムを加えて混合液を形成する。完全に反応するまで、該混合液に二酸化硫黄の気体を加えていくと、混合液が混濁となり、灰白色で、且つ綿状の沈殿物が生成される。つまり、この現象から、硫黄単体沈殿が生成されることがわかる。次いで、灰白色の綿状の沈殿物を遠心分離した後、脱イオン水によって二回洗浄し、温度が60℃の条件下で乾燥させれば、硫黄−グラフェン複合材料を得ることができる。
20 硫黄単体の粒子
30 積層構造
Claims (3)
- グラフェン分散液を提供する第一ステップと、
硫黄源化合物を該グラフェン分散液に溶解して混合液を形成する第二ステップと、
該混合液に反応物を添加して、酸化還元反応によって、前記グラフェンの表面に硫黄単体を生成し、硫黄−グラフェン複合材料を形成する第三ステップと、
硫黄−グラフェン複合材料を混合液から分離させる第四ステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする硫黄−グラフェン複合材料の製造方法。 - 酸化グラフェン分散液を提供する第一ステップと、
硫黄源化合物を該酸化グラフェン分散液に溶解して混合液を形成する第二ステップと、
該混合液に反応物を添加して、酸化還元反応によって、前記酸化グラフェンの表面に硫黄単体を生成するのと同時に、硫化水素を生成することによって、酸化グラフェンを還元して、硫黄−グラフェン複合材料を形成する第三ステップと、
硫黄−グラフェン複合材料を混合液から分離させる第四ステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする硫黄−グラフェン複合材料の製造方法。 - 前記第四ステップにおいて、複数のグラフェンシートは、自己集合によって、積層構造を形成し、該積層構造の複数の積層したグラフェンシートと隣接するグラフェンシートの間には、硫黄単体の粒子が均一に付着していることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の硫黄−グラフェン複合材料の製造方法。
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