JP4842247B2 - マロニル−CoA脱炭酸酵素阻害剤を用いた代謝性疾患の治療法 - Google Patents
マロニル−CoA脱炭酸酵素阻害剤を用いた代謝性疾患の治療法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4842247B2 JP4842247B2 JP2007318038A JP2007318038A JP4842247B2 JP 4842247 B2 JP4842247 B2 JP 4842247B2 JP 2007318038 A JP2007318038 A JP 2007318038A JP 2007318038 A JP2007318038 A JP 2007318038A JP 4842247 B2 JP4842247 B2 JP 4842247B2
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- malonyl
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- 125000006514 pyridin-2-ylmethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C(=N1)C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- BEOOHQFXGBMRKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium cyanoborohydride Chemical compound [Na+].[B-]C#N BEOOHQFXGBMRKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydrosulfide Chemical compound [Na+].[SH-] HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007909 solid dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002798 spectrophotometry method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013222 sprague-dawley male rat Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940032147 starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005415 substituted alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007940 sugar coated tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005420 sulfonamido group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)(N*)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007910 systemic administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012385 systemic delivery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001113 thiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000007970 thio esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003585 thioureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011200 topical administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000155 toxicity by organ Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007675 toxicity by organ Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012384 transportation and delivery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004306 triazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoroacetic acid Substances OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJKHJLXJJJATHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride Substances FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F WJKHJLXJJJATHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- UCPYLLCMEDAXFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)OC(=O)OC(Cl)(Cl)Cl UCPYLLCMEDAXFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、特定の代謝性疾患の治療法と、そのような疾患を治療する際に有用な化合物およびそれらのプロドラッグ、ならびに/または薬学的に許容される塩、そのような化合物を含む薬学的組成物の使用に関する。特に、本発明は、マロニル-コエンザイムA脱炭酸酵素(マロニルCoA脱炭酸酵素、MCD)の阻害を通じた、心血管疾患、糖尿病、癌、および肥満の予防、管理または治療のための化合物および組成物の使用に関する。
マロニル-CoAは、体内で酵素アセチルCoAカルボキシラーゼ(ACC)によって産生される重要な代謝中間体である。肝、脂肪細胞、および他の組織において、マロニル-CoAは脂肪酸合成酵素(FAS)の基質である。ACCおよびマロニル-CoAは、脂肪酸合成酵素レベルが低い骨格筋および心筋組織で見いだされる。マロニル-CoA脱炭酸酵素(MCD、EC4.1.1.9)は、マロニル-CoAのアセチル-CoAへの変換を触媒し、それによりマロニル-CoAレベルを調節する。MCD活性は、原核生物、鳥類、および哺乳類を含む広範な生物において記載されている。この酵素は細菌リゾビウム・トリフォリ(Rhizobium trifolii)(Anら、J. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 32: 414-418 (1999)(非特許文献1))、水鳥の尾腺(Bucknerら、Arch. Biochem. Biophys 177: 539 (1976)(非特許文献2);KimおよびKolattukudy、Arch. Biochem. Biophys 190: 585 (1978)(非特許文献3))、ラット肝ミトコンドリア(KimおよびKolattukudy、Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 190: 234 (1978)(非特許文献4))、ラット乳腺(KimおよびKolattukudy、Biochim. Biophys, Acta 531: 187 (1978)(非特許文献5))、ラット膵β細胞(Voilleyら、Biochem. J. 340: 213 (1999)(非特許文献6))およびガチョウ(ハイイロガン)(Jangら、J. Biol. Chem. 264: 3500 (1989)(非特許文献7))から精製されている。MCD欠損症患者の同定は、ガチョウおよびラットMCD遺伝子に相同のヒト遺伝子のクローニングにつながる(Gaoら、J. Lipid. Res. 40: 178 (1999)(非特許文献8);Sackstederら、J. Biol. Chem. 274: 24461 (1999)(非特許文献9);FitzPatrickら、Am. J. Hum. Genet. 65: 318 (1999)(非特許文献10))。ノーザンブロット分析で単一のヒトMCD mRNAが観察される。筋および心臓組織で最も高いmRNA発現レベルが観察され、肝、腎および膵ではその次に高く、検査したその他の組織すべてにおいて検出可能な量が認められる。
健康なヒトの心臓は利用可能な代謝基質を利用している。血糖値が高い場合、グルコースの取り込みおよび代謝によって心臓の主な燃料源が得られる。絶食状態では、脂肪組織によって脂質が提供され、心臓での脂肪酸取り込みおよび代謝によってグルコース代謝が下方制御される。脂肪酸およびグルコースの血清レベルによる中間代謝の調節は、グルコース-脂肪酸回路を含む(Randleら、Lancet, 1: 785-789 (1963)(非特許文献16))。虚血状態では、酸素供給が限られるため、脂肪酸およびグルコース両方の酸化が低下し、心臓組織における酸化的リン酸化によって産生されるATPの量が減少する。十分な酸素がない状態では、ATPレベルを維持しようとして解糖が増大し、その結果、乳酸の増加および細胞内pHの低下が起こる。エネルギーを費やしてイオンの恒常性を維持し、異常に低いATPレベルおよび細胞の浸透性崩壊の結果、筋細胞死が起こる。加えて、AMPKが虚血中に活性化されてリン酸化し、したがってACCを不活化する。全体の心臓マロニル-CoAレベルが低下し、したがってCPT-I活性が上昇し、脂肪酸の酸化がグルコースの酸化よりも有利となる。心臓組織における代謝調節剤の有益な効果は、酸素1モルあたりのATPの有効性が脂肪酸に比べてグルコースで高まることで、より重要なことには、解糖とグルコース酸化の結合が増大することにより、虚血組織におけるプロトン負荷の正味の低下が起こる。
糖尿病に最もよく付随する二つの代謝性合併症は、肝のケトン体過剰産生(NIDDMにおいて)および持続性のグルコースレベル上昇に伴う臓器毒性である。脂肪酸酸化の阻害は、血糖値を調節し、II型糖尿病のいくつかの症状を寛解することができる。CPT-Iのマロニル-CoA阻害は、低インスリン-高グルカゴン血症状態発症中の脂肪酸酸化速度を制御する最も重要な調節機構である。いくつかの不可逆的および可逆的CPT-I阻害剤が、その血糖値を制御する能力について評価されており、これらはすべて決まって血糖降下性である(Anderson、Current Pharmaceutical Design 4: 1 (1998)(非特許文献25))。肝特異的かつ可逆的なCPT阻害剤であるSDZ-CPI-975は、18時間絶食させた健常な非ヒト霊長類およびラットで、心肥大を引き起こすことなくグルコースレベルを著しく低下させる(Deemsら、Am. J. Physiology 274: R524 (1998)(非特許文献26))。マロニル-CoAは膵β細胞におけるグルコースおよび脂肪酸の相対的利用可能性のセンサーとしての重大な役割を果たしており、したがってグルコース代謝を細胞のエネルギー状態およびインスリン分泌に連結している。インスリン分泌促進物質がβ細胞におけるマロニル-CoA濃度を高めることが明らかにされている(Prentkiら、Diabetes 45: 273 (1996)(非特許文献27))。しかし、糖尿病をCPT-I阻害剤で直接治療することは、機構に基づく肝および心筋毒性の原因となっている。したがって、CPT-Iをその内因性阻害物質、マロニル-CoAの増加を通じて阻害するMCD阻害剤は、糖尿病性疾患の治療のために、CPT-I阻害剤と比べて安全かつ優れている。
マロニル-CoAは、ヒト乳癌細胞および異種移植片において脂肪酸合成酵素阻害により誘導される細胞毒性の媒介物質である可能性が示唆されている(Pizerら、Cancer Res. 60: 213 (2000)(非特許文献28))。抗腫瘍抗生物質セルレニンまたは合成類縁体C75を用いての脂肪酸合成酵素の阻害は、乳癌細胞のマロニル-CoAレベルを著しく上昇させることが判明している。一方、アセチル-CoAカルボキシラーゼ(ACC)のレベルでのみ阻害する、脂肪酸合成阻害剤TOFA(5-(テトラデシロキシ)-2-フロン酸)は、抗腫瘍活性は全く示さないが、同時にマロニル-CoAレベルは対照の60%に低下する。マロニル-CoAレベルの上昇はこれらの脂肪酸合成酵素阻害剤の抗腫瘍活性を担っていると考えられる。MCD阻害剤を用いてマロニル-CoAレベルを調節することは、したがって、癌性疾患治療のための価値ある治療戦略となる。
マロニル-CoAはニューロペプチドY経路の阻害により、脳の食欲シグナリングにおいて主要な役割を果たすことが示唆されている(Loftusら、Science 288: 2379 (2000)(非特許文献29))。脂肪酸合成酵素(FAS)阻害剤セルレニンまたはC75によるマウスの全身または脳室内治療は、摂食阻害および劇的な体重減少を引き起こした。C75は海馬において摂食亢進性(prophagic)シグナルニューロペプチドYの発現を阻害し、マロニル-CoAによって仲介されると考えられるレプチン非依存性の様式で作用することが判明した。したがって、MCDの阻害を通じてのマロニル-CoAレベルの制御は、肥満の予防および治療への新規アプローチを提供する。
本発明は、構造IおよびIIで示される化合物、これらの化合物を含む薬学的組成物の使用法、ならびに代謝性疾患およびMCD阻害によって調節される疾患の予防、管理および治療法を提供する。本発明において開示される化合物は、マロニル-CoA調節グルコース/脂肪酸代謝経路に関与する疾患の予防、管理および治療のために有用である。特に、これらの化合物およびこれらの化合物を含む薬学的組成物は、心血管疾患、糖尿病、癌および肥満の予防、管理および治療において必要とされる。
下記の本発明の詳細な説明は、網羅的であること、または開示する正確な詳細に本発明を限定することを意図してはいない。これは、他の当業者に本発明の詳細をよりよく説明するために選択され、記載されたものである。
R1およびR2は異なっていて、それぞれは独立に水素、ハロゲン、シアノ、C1〜C12置換アルキル、C1〜C12置換アルケニル、C1〜C12置換アルキニル、C1〜C12アルキルアミノ、C1〜C12アルキルチオ、C1〜C12アルコキシ、-C(X)R3、-CR11(V)R12、-CH2CR11(V)R12、-S(O)nR3、-NR4P(O)(R5)2、-P(O)(R5)2、または0個から3個のヘテロ原子を含む置換もしくは無置換単環式3〜7員環から選択され、ただしそのようなヘテロ原子はO、N、またはSから選択され、そのような置換基は独立にR9から選択されるか、またはR1もしくはR2は下記式の基
R3は水素、ヒドロキシ、C1〜C12アルキル、置換C1〜C12アルキル、アルキルアミノ、アリール、C1〜C12アルコキシ、置換C1〜C12アルコキシ、または0個から3個のヘテロ原子を含む単環式3〜7員環から選択され、ただしそのようなヘテロ原子はO、N、またはSから選択され、そのような置換基は独立にR9から選択され;
R4は水素、C1〜C12アルキル、置換C1〜C12アルキル、アリール、または0個から3個のヘテロ原子を含む単環式3〜7員環から選択され、ただしそのようなヘテロ原子はO、N、またはSから選択され、そのような置換基は独立にR9から選択され;
R5は水素、ヒドロキシ、C1〜C12アルキル、置換C1〜C12アルキル、アルキルアミノ、アリール、または0個から3個のヘテロ原子を含む単環式3〜7員環から選択され、ただしそのようなヘテロ原子はO、N、またはSから選択され、そのような置換基は独立にR9から選択され;
R6はハロゲン、シアノ、C1〜C12置換アルキル、C1〜C12置換アルケニル、C1〜C12置換アルキニル、C1〜C12アルキルアミノ、C1〜C12アルキルチオ、C1〜C12アルコキシ、-CR11(V)R12、-CH2CR11(V)R12、-S(O)nR3、-NR4P(O)(R5)2、-P(O)(R5)2、または下記式の基
R7は水素、C1〜C12アルキル、C1〜C12アルコキシ、ハロゲン、シアノ、SO2R4、SO2NR4R5から選択されるか、またはR7およびR6は共にN、O、またはSから選択される1個から3個のヘテロ原子を含む縮合置換5〜7員環を形成してもよく、ただしそのような置換基はR9から選択され;
R8はC1〜C12アルキル、ベンジル、または-CH2(置換フェニル)から選択され;
R9は水素、ハロゲン、-CN、-C(O)CF3、-S(O)nCF3、-C(O)CH2F、-CH(OH)CF3、-N(CN)2、-C(CN)3、-CHR10R11、C1〜C12アルキル、置換C1〜C12アルキル、-CF3、-(CF2)mCF3、-CH(CF3)2、-CF(CF3)2、-SO3H、アルキルアミノ、アルキルスルファニル、アリール、C1〜C12アルコキシ、置換C1〜C12アルコキシ、-C(X)R10、-CR11(V)R12、-CH2CR11(V)R12、-S(O)nR12、-S(O)2NHMe(OH)、-S(O)2NH(2-チアゾリル)、-(4-オキソ-2-チオキソ-チアゾリジン-5-イリデン)、テトラゾリル、-CH2(1,1-ジオキソ-1ラムダ*6*-チオモルホリン-4-イル)、-S(O)2CH2NO2、-S(O)2CH2S(O)2R12、-P(O)(OR11)R12、-NR11P(O)OR12、-P(O)(NR11R12)、0個から3個のヘテロ原子を含む置換または無置換単環式3〜7員環から選択され、ただしそのようなヘテロ原子はO、N、またはSから選択され;
R10はヒドロキシ、アミノ、C1〜C12アルキル、置換C1〜C12アルキル、シクロアルキル、アルキルアミノ、C1〜C12アルコキシ、ヘテロシクリル、アリールから選択され;
R11は水素、C1〜C12アルキル、置換C1〜C12アルキル、ヘテロシクリル、またはアリールから選択され;
R12はC1〜C12アルキル、置換C1〜C12アルキル、ヘテロシクリル、またはアリールから選択され;
Aは結合、-NR4-、または-CR4R5-であり;
Bは結合、-NR4-、-CR4H-、-CR4(OH)-または-CR4R5-であり;
Gは-CH(CH2)m-、>C=CH-、-N(CH2)mであり;
Lは結合、-O-、-C(O)-、-NR5-、-CR4H-、-CR4(OH)-、または-CR4R5-、-NHNR5-であり;
Qは結合、-NR4-、-C(O)-、-O-または-CR4R5-であり;
XはO、S、NR4、NOR4、NCN、NNO2、CR11NO2、CR11CN、C(CN)2、CR11R12、またはN-NR11R12であり;
Tは結合、-NR8-、-C(O)-、-O-または-CR4R5-であり;
Dは結合、-NR8-または-CR4R5-であり;
Uは-CH(CH2)m-、>C=CH-、-N(CH2)mであり;
Vは-OH、-SH、-CNであり;
mは0、1、2または3であり;
nは1または2である]。
本発明の組成物は下記を含む:
(a)安全かつ治療的に有効な量のMCD阻害化合物IまたはII、その対応する鏡像異性体、ジアステレオ異性体もしくは互変異性体、またはその薬学的に許容される塩、もしくはプロドラッグ;および
(b)薬学的に許容される担体。
本発明において有用な化合物および組成物は、局所または全身投与することができる。全身適用には、化合物を体の組織内に導入する任意の方法、例えば関節内、くも膜下腔内、硬膜外、筋肉内、経皮、静脈内、腹腔内、皮下、舌下投与、吸入、直腸内、または経口投与が含まれる。本発明において有用な化合物は、経口投与することが好ましい。
本明細書において用いられる「アルキル」とは、メチル、エチル、ブチル、ペンチル、ヘプチルなどの、炭素および水素のみを含む直鎖アルカン、アルケン、またはアルキン置換基を意味する。アルキル基は飽和でもよく、または一つもしくは複数の位置で不飽和(すなわち、-C=C-または-C≡C-結合を含んでいる)でもよい。特定の不飽和度が好ましい場合、前記置換基は「アルケニル」または「アルキニル」と呼ばれ、それぞれ-C=C-または-C≡C-結合を含む置換基を意味する。炭素数を「Ci〜Cjアルキル」(iおよびjはそれぞれ炭素原子の最小および最大数を意味する)として示すこともできる。典型的には、アルキル基は1個から12個の炭素原子、好ましくは1個から10個、より好ましくは2個から8個の炭素原子を含むと考えられる。
本発明において有用な化合物を調製する際に用いる出発原料は公知であるか、公知の方法によって調製するか、または市販されている。当業者には、本明細書において特許請求されている化合物に関連する前駆体および官能基を調製する方法は、文献中に一般に記載されていることが明らかであると思われる。当業者は、文献および本開示を読めば、これらのいかなる化合物も調製する能力が十分にあると考えられる。
インビトロMCD阻害アッセイ:
文献に記載されているマロニル-CoA脱炭酸酵素活性アッセイのための分光光度的方法を、高処理量様式でMCD阻害活性アッセイに合わせて改変する(Kolattukudyら、Methods in Enzymology 71: 150 (1981))。下記の試薬を96穴滴定プレートに加える:トリス-HCl緩衝液、20μL;DTE、10μL;l-リンゴ酸塩、20μL;NAD、10μL;NADH、25μL;水、80μL;リンゴ酸脱水素酵素、5μL。これらの内容物を混合し、2分間インキュベートした後、クエン酸シンターゼ5μLを加える。化合物と、続いてラット心臓から調節したマロニル-CoA脱炭酸酵素5μLおよびマロニル-CoA 20μLを加える。内容物をインキュベートし、460nMでの吸光度を測定する。
雄Sprague-Dawleyラット由来の動いている摘出心臓を、5mmol/Lのグルコース;100μU/mLのインスリン;3%BAS;および1.2mmol/Lのパルミチン酸塩を含む、改変クレブス-ヘンゼライト液と共に60分間の有酸素灌流期間に供する。これらの試験では、インビボで認められる心臓の代謝的需要を概算するために、動いている心臓を用いる(Kantorら、Circulation Research 86: 580-588 (2000))。被験化合物を灌流期間開始の5分後に加える。
本発明をさらに詳しく例示するために、下記の実施例が含まれる。実施例は、本発明を特に制限すると解釈されるべきではない。特許請求の範囲内でのこれらの実施例の変更は、当業者の範囲内であり、本明細書において記載され、主張されている本発明の範囲内に入ると考えられる。読者は、本開示を読み、当技術分野の技能を備えた当業者であれば、網羅的な実施例なしで、本発明を調製し、用いることができることを理解すると思われる。
Ac=アセチル
Bn=ベンジル
Bz=ベンゾイル
CDI=カルボニルジイミダゾール
CH2Cl2=ジクロロメタン
DIBAL=水素化ジイソブチルアルミニウム
DMAP=4-(ジメチルアミノ)-ピリジン
DMF=N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド
DMSO=ジメチルスルホキシド
EDCIまたはECAC=塩酸1-[3-(ジメチルアミノ)プロピル]-3-エチルカルボジイミド
ESIMS=電子スプレー質量分析
Et3N=トリエチルアミン
EtOAc=酢酸エチル
HMTA=ヘキサメチレンテトラミン
LDA=リチウムジイソプロピルアミド
LHDMS=リチウムビス(トリメチルシリル)アミド
MgSO4=硫酸マグネシウム
NaH=水素化ナトリウム
NBS=N-ブロモスクシンイミド
NCS=N-クロロスクシンイミド
NH4Cl=塩化アンモニウム
Ph=フェニル
Py=ピリジニル
r.t.=室温
TFA=トリフルオロ酢酸
THF=テトラヒドロフラン
TLC=薄層クロマトグラフィ
Tf2O=トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸無水物
アルキル基の略語
Me=メチル
Et=エチル
n-Pr=ノルマルプロピル
i-Pr=イソプロピル
n-Bu=ノルマルブチル
i-Bu=イソブチル
t-Bu=三級ブチル
s-Bu=二級ブチル
c-Hex=シクロヘキシル
500mlの丸底フラスコに、6-アミノ-1,3-ベンゾチアゾール-2-チオール(5.0g、0.03mol)、ヘキサナール(3.0g、0.03mol)、メタノール(250ml)、氷酢酸(2.5ml)、水(1ml)、およびNaCNBH3(1.9g、0.03mol)を加えた。混合物を4時間撹拌し、ろ過し、ろ液を濃縮して淡黄色固体を得た。固体を水で洗浄し、ジエチルエーテルで粉砕して表題化合物5.8g(79%)を得た。
50mlの丸底フラスコに、6-(ヘキシルアミノ)-1,3-ベンゾチアゾール-2-チオール(58.5mg、0.22mmol)、ジクロロメタン(10ml)、および3,5-ジメトキシフェニルイソシアネート(39.5mg、0.22mmol)を加えた。反応混合物を8時間撹拌し、ろ過し、得られた固体をクロロホルムおよび、続いてクロロホルム/メタノール(9:1混合物)で粉砕して、表題化合物42mg(43%)を得た。
13×100mmのねじ口Pyrex(登録商標)バイアルに、6-[(フェニルメチル)アミノ]-1,3-ベンゾチアゾール-2-チオール(30.6mg、0.11mmol)、ポリ(ビニルピリジン)(25mg、0.22mmol)、塩化フェノキシアセチル(25μL、0.18mmol)およびTHF(2ml)を加えた。バイアルにArをパージし、フタをして、24時間振盪した。アミノシリカゲル(200mg、166mmol)を加え、懸濁液をさらに6時間振盪した。懸濁液をろ過し、調製用TLC(35%EtOAcのヘキサン溶液で展開)で精製して、表題化合物を白色粉末(33.8mg、76%)として得た。
段階1:
塩化2-メルカプト-1,3-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル(プロピル)カルバミルの調製:
250mlの三頚丸底フラスコに、6-(プロピルアミノ)-1,3-ベンゾチアゾール-2-チオール(500mg、2.23mmol)、クロロホルム(100ml)および飽和NaHCO3水溶液(75ml)を加えた。溶液を0℃(氷浴)で10分間撹拌(機械撹拌)した。撹拌を停止し、トリホスゲン(235mg、0.80mmol)のCH2Cl2(2ml)溶液を下(有機)相に加えた。撹拌を再開して40分間行い、層を分離し、水相をクロロホルムで二回抽出した。合わせた有機画分を乾燥(MgSO4)し、ろ過し、濃縮して、塩化カルバモイルをろう状固体0.46g(72%)として得た。IR(ニート)1737cm-1(C=O)。
13×100mmのねじ口Pyrex(登録商標)バイアルに、塩化2-メルカプト-1,3-ベンゾチアゾル-6-イル(プロピル)カルバミル(90.2mg、0.31mmol)のピリジン(2ml)溶液およびN-メチルフェネチルアミン(259mg、1.91mmol)を加えた。バイアルにArをパージし、フタをし、60℃で100時間振盪した。ピリジンを蒸発させ、残渣をEtOAc(10ml)中に取り、1M HCl水溶液で二回洗浄した。有機相を食塩水で洗浄し、乾燥(MgSO4)し、ろ過し、濃縮して油状物質を得、これを調製用TLC(30%EtOAcのヘキサン溶液で展開)で精製して、表題化合物を白色粉末として得た。
50mlの丸底フラスコに、6-[(2-メチルプロピル)アミノ]-1,3-ベンゾチアゾール-2-チオール(100mg、0.42mmol)、アセトン(10ml)、N,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(54.2mg、0.42mmol)およびクロロギ酸イソプロピル(51.5mg、0.42mmol)を加えた。反応混合物を10時間撹拌し、ろ過し、得られた固体をジエチルエーテルで粉砕して、表題化合物30mg(59%)を得た。
25mlの丸底フラスコに、2-アミノ-4-(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼンチオール塩酸塩(107mg、0.43mmol)、CS2(331mg、4.35mmol)、KOH水溶液(127mg、2.3mmol)、およびEtOH(5ml)を加えた。溶液をAr雰囲気下で2時間還流し、室温まで冷却し、次いでAmberlite IR-120(H+)で処理した(2g、3.8mmol)。溶液をろ過し、濃縮して、表題化合物を白色結晶性固体(73.4mg、67%)として得た。
段階1:
15mlの丸底フラスコに、N-ベンジル-2-(メチルチオ)-1,3-ベンゾチアゾール-6-スルホンアミド(126mg、0.38mmol)および氷HOAc(2ml)を加えた。KMnO4の水溶液(5重量%を2ml)を滴加し、溶液を2時間撹拌した。反応混合物をNaHSO3で反応停止させ、濃縮し、残渣をEtOAcに取り、水で二回洗浄した。有機画分を食塩水で洗浄し、乾燥(MgSO4)し、ろ過し、濃縮して、N-ベンジル-2-(メチルスルホニル)-1,3-ベンゾチアゾール-6-スルホンアミドを白色固体(108mg、74%)として得た。
15mlの丸底フラスコに、N-ベンジル-2-(メチルスルホニル)-1,3-ベンゾチアゾール-6-スルホンアミド(82.8mg、0.22mmol)およびDMF(1ml)を加えた。NaHSの水溶液(20重量を%1ml)を滴加し、溶液を1.5時間撹拌した。反応混合物を濃HClで反応停止し、濃縮し、残渣をEtOAcに取り、水で二回洗浄した。有機画分を食塩水で洗浄し、乾燥(MgSO4)して、ろ過し、濃縮した。調製用TLC(5%MeOHのCHCl3溶液で展開)で精製して、表題化合物を飛散性白色固体(6mg、8%)として得た。
3-ブロモ-2-オキソプロパン酸エチル(200mg、1.02mmol)のEtOH溶液(5.0mL)に、ジチオカルバミン酸アンモニウム塩(96mg、1.23mmol)を加えた。反応混合物を16時間撹拌し、次いでEtOAcで希釈し、H2Oおよび食塩水で洗浄した。有機画分を乾燥(MgSO4)し、ろ過し、濃縮した。調製用TLCで精製して、表題化合物(45.0mg、23%)を得た。
Claims (2)
- 以下から成る群より選択される化合物:
2−メルカプト−4−エトキシカルボニル−1,3−チアゾール;
2−メルカプト−4−メチル−5−(N,N−ジメチルアミノカルボニル)−1,3−チアゾール;
2−メルカプト−4−t−ブチル−1,3−チアゾール;および
2−メルカプト−4−エトキシカルボニルメチル−1,3−チアゾール;
またはその薬学的に許容される塩。 - 請求項1の化合物もしくはその薬学的に許容される塩、および薬学的に許容される担体を含む薬学的組成物。
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