JP4715107B2 - 燃料電池用触媒、および白金−イリジウム合金粒子の製造方法 - Google Patents
燃料電池用触媒、および白金−イリジウム合金粒子の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4715107B2 JP4715107B2 JP2004134207A JP2004134207A JP4715107B2 JP 4715107 B2 JP4715107 B2 JP 4715107B2 JP 2004134207 A JP2004134207 A JP 2004134207A JP 2004134207 A JP2004134207 A JP 2004134207A JP 4715107 B2 JP4715107 B2 JP 4715107B2
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- Prior art keywords
- iridium
- platinum
- particles
- compound
- alloy particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims description 200
- HWLDNSXPUQTBOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum-iridium alloy Chemical class [Ir].[Pt] HWLDNSXPUQTBOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 74
- 229910000566 Platinum-iridium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 56
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 56
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 47
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 25
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 171
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 107
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 107
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 150000002504 iridium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 150000003058 platinum compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- DANYXEHCMQHDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-K trichloroiridium Chemical compound Cl[Ir](Cl)Cl DANYXEHCMQHDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 5
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000575 Ir alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 28
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 17
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- -1 polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003411 electrode reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZYSSNSIOLIJYRF-UHFFFAOYSA-H Cl[Ir](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl Chemical compound Cl[Ir](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl ZYSSNSIOLIJYRF-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 3
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical class O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BBMCTIGTTCKYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-heptanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCO BBMCTIGTTCKYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CKQAOGOZKZJUGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nonyl-4-(4-nonylphenoxy)benzene Chemical compound C1=CC(CCCCCCCCC)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(CCCCCCCCC)C=C1 CKQAOGOZKZJUGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007514 bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cycloheptane Chemical compound C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- UOYXEZMXOVJLIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Ir] UOYXEZMXOVJLIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UYXRCZUOJAYSQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;platinum Chemical compound [Pt].O[N+]([O-])=O UYXRCZUOJAYSQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- SZEMGTQCPRNXEG-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(octadecyl)azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C SZEMGTQCPRNXEG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BYHYTWGFYKDDCE-UHFFFAOYSA-H Cl[Ir](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl.N.N Chemical compound Cl[Ir](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl.N.N BYHYTWGFYKDDCE-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- NBMWJAYZHCDCAB-UHFFFAOYSA-H Cl[Ir](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl.N.N.N Chemical compound Cl[Ir](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl.N.N.N NBMWJAYZHCDCAB-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isooctane Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C)C NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002835 Pt–Ir Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBIIFPGSPJYLRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Stearyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C VBIIFPGSPJYLRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FUYKWWDOUAZKNC-UHFFFAOYSA-J [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].Cl.Cl.[K+].[Ir+3] Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].Cl.Cl.[K+].[Ir+3] FUYKWWDOUAZKNC-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SOIFLUNRINLCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thiocyanate Chemical compound [NH4+].[S-]C#N SOIFLUNRINLCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- HDMXIELEUKTYFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) butanedioate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC HDMXIELEUKTYFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- CWQUQZODOUNODL-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;hexadecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O CWQUQZODOUNODL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960000541 cetyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- XRWMGCFJVKDVMD-UHFFFAOYSA-M didodecyl(dimethyl)azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCC XRWMGCFJVKDVMD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WLCFKPHMRNPAFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M didodecyl(dimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCC WLCFKPHMRNPAFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IRMGVPILCPGYNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyl-di(tetradecyl)azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCC IRMGVPILCPGYNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RSHHCURRBLAGFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyl-di(tetradecyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCC RSHHCURRBLAGFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-hexane Natural products CCCCCC(C)C JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVAZSFSQBKLKMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylazanium;propanoate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC[NH3+] QVAZSFSQBKLKMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XJWSAJYUBXQQDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C XJWSAJYUBXQQDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BJZBHTNKDCBDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;dodecanoate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O BJZBHTNKDCBDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cycloheptane Natural products CC1CCCCCC1 GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000989 no adverse effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VNVJGCRCHNRLGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl octadecanoate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 VNVJGCRCHNRLGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWAHZABTSDUXMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Pt+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O NWAHZABTSDUXMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DHQIJSYTNIUZRY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2,3-di(nonyl)naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C(CCCCCCCCC)C(CCCCCCCCC)=CC2=C1 DHQIJSYTNIUZRY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- WBKJPJYWZAGQKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tributyl(octadecyl)azanium;formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC WBKJPJYWZAGQKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DQYBHCRUGXGVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tributyl(pentyl)azanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DQYBHCRUGXGVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- TZYULTYGSBAILI-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(prop-2-enyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CC=C TZYULTYGSBAILI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940105125 zinc myristate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NVKSAUAQUPYOPO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;decanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O NVKSAUAQUPYOPO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GBFLQPIIIRJQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;tetradecanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O GBFLQPIIIRJQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/16—Reducing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
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Description
逆ミセルを形成した後、逆ミセル中に存在するイリジウム化合物を不溶化処理して、イリジウムを有する粒子を生成させる。イリジウム化合物の不溶化によって生成したイリジウムを有する粒子(以下、「イリジウム含有粒子」とも記載する)35は、界面活性剤20によって形成された逆ミセル中に存在する(図2c)。界面活性剤20によって囲まれた空間は、固体のイリジウム含有粒子と、イリジウム含有粒子の内部および周辺に存在する水溶液とからなる。
界面活性剤としてポリエチレングリコールモノ−4−ノニルフェニルエーテル66g、有機溶媒としてシクロヘキサンを用いて、界面活性剤濃度が0.15mol/Lである溶液Aを1.0L調製した。
導電性担体であるカーボンブラック(ケッチェン・ブラック・インターナショナル社製ケッチェンブラックEC600JD:BET比表面積1270m2/g)0.43gに、還元剤としてエタノール50ml、触媒金属粒子原料として白金濃度0.5質量%のジニトロジアミン白金硝酸塩水溶液を50g投入し、撹拌混合した。混合溶液を、さらに85℃にて6時間、撹拌混合しながら保持し、液色が無色透明になるまで還元反応を進行させた。その後、ろ過を実施し、固形分を分離し、純水にて数回、洗浄を実施した。固形分を、さらに80℃において8時間乾燥し、白金担持カーボン粉末Bを得た。
実施例1及び比較例1に従い作製した白金−イリジウム合金粒子を担持している燃料電池用触媒について、粉末X線回折を測定した。図3は、実施例1で作製された燃料電池用触媒および比較例1で作製された燃料電池用触媒についての、X線回折スペクトルである。
Claims (15)
- 界面活性剤を含む有機溶媒と、イリジウム化合物を含む水溶液とを混合して、前記イリジウム化合物を含む水溶液が前記界面活性剤によって包接された逆ミセルを形成する段階と、
前記イリジウム化合物を不溶化処理して、イリジウムを有する粒子を生成させる段階と、
前記イリジウムを有する粒子内に、白金化合物を含む水溶液を含浸させる段階と、
前記白金化合物を還元して、前記イリジウムを有する粒子内に白金金属を析出させて、白金およびイリジウムを有する粒子を生成させる段階と、
前記白金およびイリジウムを有する粒子を焼成して、白金−イリジウム合金粒子を生成させる段階と、
を含む、白金−イリジウム合金粒子の製造方法。 - 前記イリジウム化合物は、イリジウム錯体である、請求項1に記載の白金−イリジウム合金粒子の製造方法。
- 前記イリジウム化合物を含む水溶液における前記イリジウム化合物の濃度は、0.1質量%〜30質量%である、請求項1または2に記載の白金−イリジウム合金粒子の製造方法。
- 前記イリジウム化合物を含む水溶液は、塩化イリジウムと、前記塩化イリジウムに含まれるイリジウム原子のモル数の5〜10倍のヒドロキシル基含有塩基化合物とを混合した後、30〜50℃の温度で1〜5時間反応させることによって調製される、請求項3に記載の白金−イリジウム合金粒子の製造方法。
- 前記イリジウムを有する粒子を生成させる段階は、沈殿剤を前記イリジウム化合物を含む水溶液に添加して、イリジウムを有する粒子を生成させる段階である、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の白金−イリジウム合金粒子の製造方法。
- 前記沈殿剤は、塩酸、硝酸、硫酸、および酢酸からなる群より選択される1種以上の酸である、請求項5に記載の白金−イリジウム合金粒子の製造方法。
- 前記白金化合物は、Pt(NO2)2(NH3)2、またはH2PtCl6である、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の白金−イリジウム合金粒子の製造方法。
- 前記イリジウムを有する粒子内に白金金属を析出させる段階は、還元剤を用いて前記白金化合物を還元して、前記イリジウムを有する粒子内に白金金属を析出させる段階である、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の白金−イリジウム合金粒子の製造方法。
- 前記還元剤は、N2H4、NaBH4、およびH2ガスからなる群より選択される1種以上である、請求項8に記載の白金−イリジウム合金粒子の製造方法。
- 前記イリジウムを有する粒子内に、白金以外の遷移金属を含む水溶液を含浸させる段階と、
前記イリジウムを有する粒子内に白金以外の遷移金属を析出させる段階と、
をさらに含む、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の白金−イリジウム合金粒子の製造方法。 - 前記遷移金属は、クロム、マンガン、鉄、コバルト、ニッケル、ロジウム、およびパラジウムからなる群より選択される1種以上である、請求項10に記載の白金−イリジウム合金粒子の製造方法。
- 導電性担体と、
前記導電性担体に担持されてなる、白金−イリジウム合金粒子と、
を有し、
前記白金−イリジウム合金粒子は、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法により製造されたものである、燃料電池用触媒。 - 前記合金粒子の粒径が5nm以下である、請求項12に記載の燃料電池用触媒。
- 請求項12または13に記載の燃料電池用触媒を有する燃料電池。
- 請求項14の燃料電池を搭載する車両。
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JP2004134207A JP4715107B2 (ja) | 2004-04-28 | 2004-04-28 | 燃料電池用触媒、および白金−イリジウム合金粒子の製造方法 |
EP05730563.3A EP1742283B1 (en) | 2004-04-28 | 2005-04-18 | Method for producing catalyst for fuel cell |
PCT/JP2005/007394 WO2005106995A1 (ja) | 2004-04-28 | 2005-04-18 | 燃料電池用触媒の製造方法 |
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WO2007114525A1 (ja) | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-11 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | 燃料電池用電極触媒の製造方法 |
KR100846478B1 (ko) * | 2006-05-16 | 2008-07-17 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 담지 촉매, 그 제조방법 및 이를 이용한 연료전지 |
KR100738062B1 (ko) * | 2006-05-16 | 2007-07-10 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 막 전극 접합체 및 이를 이용한 연료전지 |
JP5224674B2 (ja) * | 2006-09-29 | 2013-07-03 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 燃料電池及び燃料電池発電システム |
WO2010025118A1 (en) * | 2008-08-25 | 2010-03-04 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Fuel cell nanocatalyst with voltage reversal tolerance |
EP2342011A1 (en) * | 2008-09-18 | 2011-07-13 | NorthEastern University | Platinum alloy electrocatalyst with enhanced resistance to anion poisoning for low and medium temperature fuel cells |
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CN102989450B (zh) * | 2012-12-03 | 2015-03-11 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种担载型纳米电催化剂的制备方法、结构特征及应用 |
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WO2005106995A1 (ja) | 2005-11-10 |
US20070231620A1 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
US7569509B2 (en) | 2009-08-04 |
JP2005317373A (ja) | 2005-11-10 |
EP1742283A1 (en) | 2007-01-10 |
EP1742283A4 (en) | 2009-12-02 |
EP1742283B1 (en) | 2013-04-17 |
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