JP4630283B2 - 冷凍機油組成物 - Google Patents
冷凍機油組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4630283B2 JP4630283B2 JP2006534974A JP2006534974A JP4630283B2 JP 4630283 B2 JP4630283 B2 JP 4630283B2 JP 2006534974 A JP2006534974 A JP 2006534974A JP 2006534974 A JP2006534974 A JP 2006534974A JP 4630283 B2 JP4630283 B2 JP 4630283B2
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- oil composition
- refrigerating machine
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
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Description
本発明者は、前記の特性を有する冷凍機用潤滑油組成物を開発すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、特定の基油に特定の有機硫黄化合物を含有させた冷凍機油が、自然系冷媒を用いた場合に、長期間にわたって潤滑性能を維持でき、かつ冷凍サイクル内のキャピラリーを閉塞させることがないことを見出した。本発明は、かかる知見に基づいて完成したものである。
すなわち、本発明は、(A)ポリアルキレングリコール、ポリオールエステル、ポリ−α−オレフィン、アルキルベンゼン及び鉱油から選ばれる少なくとも1種からなる基油、(B)ベンゾチオフェン、ジベンゾチオフェン、ジフェニレンジスルフィド、ジフェニルスルフィド及びジオクチルジフェニルスルフィドから選ばれる少なくとも1種の有機硫黄化合物及び(C)炭酸ガス、炭化水素及びアンモニアから選ばれる少なくとも1種からなる冷媒を含有する冷凍機油組成物であって、全硫黄の含有量が(A)成分と(B)成分の合計量に対し0.01〜0.1質量%である冷凍機油組成物を提供するものである。
2.圧縮機
2A.圧縮機入口
2B.圧縮機出口
3.キャピラリー管
3A.キャピラリー管入口
3B.キャピラリー管出口
4.高温側流路
5.低温側流路
6.熱交換器
7.吐出側圧力計
8.吸入側圧力計
9.真空ポンプ接続用バルブ
10.模擬循環系
R1−[(OR2)m−OR3]n ・・・(I)
ここで、R1は水素、炭素数1〜10のアルキル基、アシル基又は結合部位2〜6個を有する脂肪族炭化水素基、R2は炭素数2〜4のアルキレン基であって、単独重合体、共重合体のいずれであってもよい。R3は水素、炭素数1〜10のアルキル基又はアシル基、nは1〜6の整数、mはm×nの平均値が6〜80となる整数である。
上記R1及びR3は同一でも、互いに異なってもよい。本発明においては、上記(I)式で表されるポリアルキレングリコールのうち、R1又はR3のいずれかが水素であり、他方がアルキル基である場合が好ましく、該アルキル基が炭素数1〜3のアルキル基、特にはメチル基である場合が好ましい。また、R1及びR3のいずれもが炭素数1〜3のアルキル基である場合も好ましく、特にR1及びR3のいずれもがメチル基である場合が好ましい。本発明の基油としては、複数種のポリアルキレングリコールを混合して使用することができる。
R4[OCOR5]f ・・・(II)
ここで、R4は炭化水素基、R5は水素原子又は炭素数1〜22の炭化水素基、fは2〜6の整数を示し、複数ある[OCOR5]は同一でも異なってもよい。
R4(OH)f ・・・(III)
(式中、R4及びfは前記と同じである。)で表される多価アルコールと、下記一般式(IV)
R5COOH ・・・(IV)
(式中、R5は前記と同じである。)で表されるカルボン酸又はそのエステルや酸ハライドなどの反応性誘導体を反応させることにより得ることができる。
酸化防止剤としては特に制限はなく、例えばフェノール系酸化防止剤、アミン系酸化防止剤などを使用することができる。酸捕捉剤は、冷凍機油組成物において、加水分解安定性を目的として配合されるもので、例えば、フェニルグリシジルエーテル,アルキルグリシジルエーテル,アルキレングリコールグリシジルエーテル,シクロヘキセンオキサイド,α−オレフィンオキサイド,エポキシ化大豆油などのエポキシ化合物を挙げることができる。中でも相溶性の点でフェニルグリシジルエーテル,アルキルグリシジルエーテル,アルキレングリコールグリシジルエーテル,シクロヘキセンオキサイド,α−オレフィンオキサイドが好ましい。消泡剤としては、シリコーン油やフッ化シリコーン油などを挙げることができる。
また、本発明の目的を阻害しない範囲で他の添加剤、例えば、ベンゾトリアゾールやその誘導体などの銅不活性化剤等を添加することができる。これらの添加剤は、それぞれ通常0.005〜5質量%の範囲で添加される。
冷凍機油組成物中での、これらの冷媒の含有量は通常10〜99質量%の範囲である。10質量%以上であれば、十分な冷凍能力を発揮することができ、99質量%以下であると、十分な量の潤滑油が存在して、焼付や摩耗の問題がない。以上の観点から、30〜95質量%の範囲がさらに好ましい。
(評価方法)
1.シールドチューブ試験(熱安定性)
内容積10mlのガラスチューブに、各実施例及び比較例に記載の方法で調製した冷凍機油組成物を入れ、銅、アルミニウム、鉄の金属触媒を加えた。ガラスチューブを密閉し175℃、30日間保持後、冷凍機油組成物の外観、銅の外観、スラッジの有無について評価した。
2.密閉ファレックス試験(潤滑性)
密閉式ファレックス摩擦試験機を用いてASTM D2670に準拠して摩耗量(mg)を求めた。なお、試験条件は、荷重1335N、回転数300rpm、温度80℃、試験時間1時間、用いたピンがAISIC1137、ブロックがSAE3135であった。
3.キャピラリー詰まり試験
図1に示す試験機を用い、1000時間後のキャピラリー流量の低下率で評価した。この試験装置1は、特開平11−183334に開示されるもので、圧縮機2と、温圧減少手段であるキャピラリー管3と、圧縮機2の吐出口2Aおよびキャピラリー管3の入口3Aを連通させる高温側流路4と、キャピラリー管3の出口3Bおよび圧縮機2の吸入口2Bを連通させる低温側流路5と、高温側流路4および低温側流路5の途中に設けられて各流路4,5間で冷媒同士の熱交換を行う熱交換器6とを備え、高温側流路4上において、圧縮機2と熱交換器6との間には吐出側圧力計7が設けられ、低温側流路5上において、熱交換器6と圧縮機2との間には吸入側圧力計8が設けられ、その下流側には真空ポンプ接続用のバルブ9が設けられている。そして、以上の構成部品により、冷凍機油を含んだ冷媒を循環させる模擬循環系10が構成されている。
試験条件としては、吸入側圧力(Ps)を0.4MPa、吐出側圧力(Pd)を3.3MPa、熱交換機入口温度(Td)を110℃、熱交換機出口温度(Ts)を30℃とした。冷媒としてはイソブタン(R600a)を用い、試料油((A)成分と(B)成分の合計量)と冷媒の量を400gずつ混合して試験を実施した。
第1表に示す(A)基油と(B)特定の有機化合物からなる冷凍機油を調製し、上記評価方法にて評価した。結果を第1表に示す。
なお、ここで用いられる(A)成分及び(B)成分を示す記号は以下のとおりである。
A−1;ポリプロピレングリコールジメチルエーテル(40℃粘度;46mm2/s)
A−2;ポリエチレングリコールポリプロピレングリコール共重合体ジメチルエーテル(40℃粘度;100mm2/s)
A−3;ペンタエリスリトールと2−エチルヘキサン酸/3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸の1:1混合物とのエステル(40℃粘度;65mm2/s)
A−4;ポリ−α−オレフィン(40℃粘度;63mm2/s)
A−5;アルキルベンゼン(40℃粘度;38mm2/s)
A−6;パラフィン系鉱油(40℃粘度;90mm2/s、硫黄含有量5質量ppm以下)
A−7;ナフテン系鉱油(40℃粘度;10mm2/s、硫黄含有量107質量ppm)
A−8;ナフテン系鉱油(40℃粘度;56mm2/s、硫黄含有量3000質量ppm)
B−1;ベンゾチオフェン(硫黄含有量23.9質量%)
B−2;ジベンゾチオフェン(硫黄含有量17.4質量%)
B−3;ジフェニレンジスルフィド(硫黄含有量29.6質量%)
B−4;フェノチアジン(硫黄含有量16.1質量%)
B−5;ジフェニルスルフィド(硫黄含有量17.2質量%)
B−6;ジオクチルジフェニルスルフィド(硫黄含有量7.8質量%)
B−7;ジオクチルポリスルフィド(硫黄含有量39質量%)
B−8;トリクレジルホスフェート
Claims (4)
- (A)ポリアルキレングリコール、ポリオールエステル、ポリ−α−オレフィン、アルキルベンゼン及び鉱油から選ばれる少なくとも1種からなる基油、(B)ベンゾチオフェン、ジベンゾチオフェン、ジフェニレンジスルフィド、ジフェニルスルフィド及びジオクチルジフェニルスルフィドから選ばれる少なくとも1種の有機硫黄化合物及び(C)炭酸ガス、炭化水素及びアンモニアから選ばれる少なくとも1種からなる冷媒を含有する冷凍機油組成物であって、全硫黄の含有量が(A)成分と(B)成分の合計量に対し0.01〜0.1質量%である冷凍機油組成物。
- (A)基油の40℃における粘度が3〜1000mm2/sであり、かつ硫黄含有量が200質量ppm以下である請求項1に記載の冷凍機油組成物。
- さらに、酸化防止剤、酸捕捉剤及び消泡剤を含有する請求項1又は2に記載の冷凍機油組成物。
- リン系極圧剤を含有しない請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の冷凍機油組成物。
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JP5572284B2 (ja) * | 2007-02-27 | 2014-08-13 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 冷凍機油および冷凍機用作動流体組成物 |
JP2009074018A (ja) * | 2007-02-27 | 2009-04-09 | Nippon Oil Corp | 冷凍機油および冷凍機用作動流体組成物 |
JP5193485B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-27 | 2013-05-08 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 冷凍機油及び冷凍機用作動流体組成物 |
JP5318358B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-27 | 2013-10-16 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 炭化水素冷媒用冷凍機油及びそれを用いた冷凍機システム |
CN101177643B (zh) * | 2007-09-29 | 2012-09-05 | 北京福润联石化科技开发有限公司 | 一种冷冻机油组合物及其制备方法 |
WO2009055009A2 (en) | 2007-10-24 | 2009-04-30 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Scroll compressor for carbon dioxide refrigerant |
MY160143A (en) * | 2007-10-29 | 2017-02-28 | Nippon Oil Corp | Refrigerator oil and working fluid composition for refrigerating machine |
JP5086782B2 (ja) * | 2007-12-04 | 2012-11-28 | 日立アプライアンス株式会社 | 冷媒圧縮機および冷凍サイクル |
JP5265294B2 (ja) * | 2008-10-08 | 2013-08-14 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 炭化水素冷媒用冷凍機油及び冷凍機用作動流体組成物 |
JP5466555B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-25 | 2014-04-09 | 出光興産株式会社 | 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物 |
JP5466556B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-25 | 2014-04-09 | 出光興産株式会社 | 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物 |
US9187682B2 (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2015-11-17 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Refrigeration compressor lubricant |
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JP5914066B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-12 | 2016-05-11 | 出光興産株式会社 | 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物 |
JP6624486B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-30 | 2019-12-25 | 出光興産株式会社 | 冷凍機潤滑油及び冷凍機用混合組成物 |
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CN105255567A (zh) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-01-20 | 湖北海拓化工科技有限公司 | 一种冷冻机油组合物及其应用 |
JP7146391B2 (ja) * | 2017-12-08 | 2022-10-04 | Eneos株式会社 | 冷凍機油及び冷凍機用作動流体組成物 |
CN110699158B (zh) * | 2019-10-21 | 2022-11-22 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种冷冻机油、其制备方法及应用 |
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- 2004-09-14 CN CNA2004800439988A patent/CN101018844A/zh active Pending
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EP1792970B1 (en) | 2013-01-23 |
EP1792970A4 (en) | 2010-07-14 |
CN101018844A (zh) | 2007-08-15 |
EP1792970A1 (en) | 2007-06-06 |
WO2006030490A1 (ja) | 2006-03-23 |
KR20070052295A (ko) | 2007-05-21 |
US7718083B2 (en) | 2010-05-18 |
JPWO2006030490A1 (ja) | 2008-05-08 |
KR101156388B1 (ko) | 2012-06-13 |
US20070213239A1 (en) | 2007-09-13 |
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