JP4505040B2 - スペクトラム拡散通信において効率的に同期を獲得するための方法および装置 - Google Patents
スペクトラム拡散通信において効率的に同期を獲得するための方法および装置 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/7073—Synchronisation aspects
- H04B1/7085—Synchronisation aspects using a code tracking loop, e.g. a delay-locked loop
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems
- H04J13/0007—Code type
- H04J13/0011—Complementary
- H04J13/0014—Golay
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/7073—Synchronisation aspects
- H04B1/7075—Synchronisation aspects with code phase acquisition
- H04B1/708—Parallel implementation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/709—Correlator structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/709—Correlator structure
- H04B1/7093—Matched filter type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
- H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
- H04B7/2662—Arrangements for Wireless System Synchronisation
- H04B7/2668—Arrangements for Wireless Code-Division Multiple Access [CDMA] System Synchronisation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L7/00—Arrangements for synchronising receiver with transmitter
- H04L7/04—Speed or phase control by synchronisation signals
- H04L7/041—Speed or phase control by synchronisation signals using special codes as synchronising signal
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Description
b0(k)=δ(k)
an(k)=an−1(k)+Wn・bn−1(k−Dn)
bn(k)=an−1(k)−Wn・bn−1(k−Dn) (1)
ここで、
k=0,1,2,...,2N−1
n=1,2,...,N
Dn=2Pn
であり、
an(k)およびbn(k)は、長さ2Nの2つの相補シーケンスであり、
δ(k)は、クロネッカのデルタ関数であり、
kは、タイム・スケールを表す整数であり、
nは、反復回数であり、
Dnは、遅延であり、
Pn、n=1,2,...,Nは、数{0,1,2,...,N−1}の任意の置換であり、
Wnは、単位大きさの任意の複素数である。
D1+D2+...+Dn=1+2+4+...+2N−1=2N−1
になるからである。ゴーレイ相補シーケンスを生成するためのより効率的な(したがって、好ましいが必要ではない)手段を、これから説明する。
a0(k)=A(k)
b0(k)=B(k), k=0,1,2,...,Tmax−1
になるように選択され、A(k)およびB(k)が、長さTmaxの2つの相補シーケンスである場合に、結果の長さL=2N=J・Tmaxの相補シーケンスのペアが、J回の反復の後に生成される。式(1)のすべての遅延Dnが、構成要素シーケンスの長さ(Tmax)をかけられる。
b0(k)=A(k), k=0,1,2,...,Tmax−1
直交ゴーレイ・シーケンスの追加の組を得るために式(1)で使用される置換ベクトルおよび重みづけベクトルは、直交ゴーレイ・シーケンスの第1の組と同一である。合計で、長さ256の共通する構成要素シーケンスを有する長さ4096の32個の直交ゴーレイ・シーケンスがある。一般に、J=L/Tmaxであるものとして、2J個のそのような直交ゴーレイ・シーケンスを生成することが可能である。
I0(k)={0,0,1,1}およびI1(k)={1,1,0,0}
であり、ここで、「0」の値によって、シーケンスA(k)との相互相関が選択され、「1」の値によって、シーケンスB(k)との相互相関が選択される。したがって、インターリービング関数I1(k)は、I0(k)を反転した版である。最初の4つの「シグネチャ」関数を下に示す。
シグネチャ2={1,1,−1,1}、シグネチャ3={1,−1,−1,−1}
他の4つのシグネチャ関数の値は、同一すなわち、シグネチャ4=シグネチャ0、シグネチャ5=シグネチャ1、シグネチャ6=シグネチャ2、およびシグネチャ7=シグネチャ3である。
EGCのメモリ・ビット数Nmemは、各遅延線のメモリ・セルの数と、最初の遅延線の後で、メモリ・セル・ワード長が、新しい遅延線ごとに1つ増えるという事実を考慮することによって計算することができる。受信信号の1ビット量子化を前提にすると、次のようになる。
階層相関器(HC)は、長さ16の1つの簡単な相関器と、長さ16の15個の遅延線を必要とする。そのような遅延線のそれぞれのメモリ・セル・ワード長は、5ビットである。したがって、このHCについて、Nmem (HC)=1・16+(5・16)・15=1216である。
・加算器の数が、HCの30個に対してEGCでは16個である。
・乗算器の数が、HCの32個に対してEGCでは8個である。
・メモリ・ビットの数が、EGCではHCの場合より30%少ない。
・ゴーレイ相補シーケンスでは、非周期的自己相関副ローブの最大絶対値が、階層シーケンスの1/3である。
WSSC2={ 1 −1 1 −1 −1 −1 1 1}、(b)
WSSC3={−1 1 1 −1 −1 1 1 1}、(b)
WSSC4={−1 1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1}、(a)
WSSC5={−1 1 −1 1 1 −1 1 1}、(b)
WSSC6={−1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 1 1}、(b)
WSSC7={−1 −1 1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1}、(a)
WSSC8={−1 −1 −1 1 1 1 1 1}、(b)
WSSC9={−1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 1 1}、(a)
WSSC10={−1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 1}、(a)
WSSC11={−1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1 1 1}、(b)
WSSC12={−1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1 −1 1}、(a)
WSSC13={−1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1 −1 1}、(b)
WSSC14={−1 −1 −1 −1 1 1 1 1}、(a)
WSSC15={−1 −1 −1 −1 1 1 −1 1}、(a)
WSSC16={−1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1 1 1}、(a)
WSSC17={−1 −1 −1 −1 −1 1 −1 1}、(a)
(4)
対応するシーケンスSSCnは、重みつけベクトルWSSCnが(1)で置換される時に、ゴーレイ・シーケンスa(k)またはb(k)に等しい((4)では、各ベクトルに付加された括弧内に示されている)。SSCは、PSCの場合と同様に、17個(またはそれ未満)のEGCの対応するバンクを使用して検出することができる。
Pn={0,2,1,5,6,4,7,3}
および重みづけ
Wn={1,−1,1,−1,1,−1,−1,1}
を使用して、式(1)から得られる。
Claims (4)
- 直接拡散方式のスペクトル拡散無線通信装置において使用され、受信したスペクトル拡散信号に対してシーケンス長Lが2 N である相補シーケンスのペアを用いて相関演算する相関器であって(Nは正の整数)、
それぞれ並行して処理を実行する第1ブランチおよび第2ブランチを備えた、N段の直列に連結された処理段を備え、
前記N段の直列に連結された処理段のそれぞれが備える前記第1ブランチは、それぞれ対応する加算器と接続された複数の記憶素子を備えた遅延線を含み、
前記N段の直列に連結された処理段のそれぞれにおいて、前記遅延線に備えられる前記複数の記憶素子に、入力信号の複数のサンプルが次々に記憶され、該複数の記憶素子のうち最後に位置している記憶素子に記憶された内容が前記加算器へ入力されるとともに、その処理段における減算器にも該内容が入力され、
さらに、その処理段における乗算器において前記入力信号が対応する重み係数と乗算され、該乗算器からの出力信号がその処理段における前記加算器と前記減算器への入力として供給されることを特徴とする相関器。 - 前記N段の直列に連結された処理段のうちN番目の処理段が備える前記第1ブランチからの出力は、前記受信したスペクトル拡散信号と、前記相補シーケンスのペアにおける第1のシーケンスとの相互相関値であり、前記N番目の処理段が備える前記第2ブランチからの出力は、前記受信したスペクトル拡散信号と、前記相補シーケンスのペアにおける第2のシーケンスとの相互相関値であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の相関器。
- 前記相補シーケンスのペアは、以下の式に従って決定されることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の相関器。
a 0 (k)=δ(k)
b 0 (k)=δ(k)
a n (k)=a n−1 (k)+W n ・b n−1 (k-D n )
b n (k)=a n−1 (k)−W n ・b n−1 (k-D n )、
ただし、k=0,1,2,...,2 N −1、n=1,2,...,Nとして、D n =2 Pn 、a n (k)およびb n (k)は長さ2 N の相補シーケンスのペア、δ(k)はクロネッカーのデルタ関数、kは時間尺度を表す整数、nは反復回数、D n は遅延、P n (n=1,2,...,N)は数{0,1,2,....,N−1}の任意の順列、W n は大きさ1の任意の複素数である。 - 前記重み係数はW n の複素共役であるこことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の相関器。
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US09/263,106 US6567482B1 (en) | 1999-03-05 | 1999-03-05 | Method and apparatus for efficient synchronization in spread spectrum communications |
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JP2009260408A Expired - Fee Related JP4505040B2 (ja) | 1999-03-05 | 2009-11-13 | スペクトラム拡散通信において効率的に同期を獲得するための方法および装置 |
JP2011130586A Expired - Fee Related JP5114585B2 (ja) | 1999-03-05 | 2011-06-10 | スペクトラム拡散通信において効率的に同期を獲得するための方法および装置 |
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US (1) | US6567482B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1159796A2 (ja) |
JP (3) | JP2002539667A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100726050B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1367965B (ja) |
AR (1) | AR025824A1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU770399B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2364349C (ja) |
MY (1) | MY123539A (ja) |
TW (1) | TW463477B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2000054424A2 (ja) |
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US7643540B2 (en) * | 1999-03-15 | 2010-01-05 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Pilot signals for synchronization and/or channel estimation |
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US7496132B2 (en) * | 1999-03-15 | 2009-02-24 | Kg Electronics Inc. | Pilot signals for synchronization and/or channel estimation |
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JP4342109B2 (ja) * | 1999-04-29 | 2009-10-14 | シーメンス アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | 基地局と移動局との同期化方法、基地局および移動局 |
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CN1199506C (zh) * | 1999-05-26 | 2005-04-27 | 诺基亚公司 | 随机接入控制方法和系统 |
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JP2002539667A (ja) | 2002-11-19 |
KR100726050B1 (ko) | 2007-06-08 |
CN1367965A (zh) | 2002-09-04 |
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MY123539A (en) | 2006-05-31 |
JP5114585B2 (ja) | 2013-01-09 |
CA2364349A1 (en) | 2000-09-14 |
EP1159796A2 (en) | 2001-12-05 |
TW463477B (en) | 2001-11-11 |
JP2010081629A (ja) | 2010-04-08 |
CA2364349C (en) | 2012-10-23 |
KR20010102513A (ko) | 2001-11-15 |
AR025824A1 (es) | 2002-12-18 |
CN1367965B (zh) | 2013-05-01 |
WO2000054424A2 (en) | 2000-09-14 |
WO2000054424A3 (en) | 2001-02-01 |
JP2011234389A (ja) | 2011-11-17 |
US6567482B1 (en) | 2003-05-20 |
AU770399B2 (en) | 2004-02-19 |
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