JP2022518416A - 硫化物系全固体電池用正極活物質粒子 - Google Patents
硫化物系全固体電池用正極活物質粒子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2022518416A JP2022518416A JP2021540566A JP2021540566A JP2022518416A JP 2022518416 A JP2022518416 A JP 2022518416A JP 2021540566 A JP2021540566 A JP 2021540566A JP 2021540566 A JP2021540566 A JP 2021540566A JP 2022518416 A JP2022518416 A JP 2022518416A
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- sulfide
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- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 Disulfide compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910013184 LiBO Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910015645 LiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn] KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910008163 Li1+x Mn2-x O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QDDVNKWVBSLTMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu]=O.[Li] Chemical compound [Cu]=O.[Li] QDDVNKWVBSLTMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001420 alkaline earth metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VROAXDSNYPAOBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)nickel Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Ni]=O VROAXDSNYPAOBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxonickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni]=O URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910013709 LiNi 1-x M Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido-oxo-(oxomanganiooxy)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Mn](=O)O[Mn]=O VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010406 interfacial reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 7
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,4-diol;bis(4-fluorophenyl)methanone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 4
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- 238000005011 time of flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910018119 Li 3 PO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- QEXMICRJPVUPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium manganese(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2].[Li+] QEXMICRJPVUPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910015902 Bi 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical compound C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910020599 Co 3 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910005793 GeO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910017267 Mo 6 S 8 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium monoxide Inorganic materials [Ge]=O PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B35/00—Boron; Compounds thereof
- C01B35/08—Compounds containing boron and nitrogen, phosphorus, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C01B35/10—Compounds containing boron and oxygen
- C01B35/12—Borates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0561—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of inorganic materials only
- H01M10/0562—Solid materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
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Abstract
Description
本発明による硫化物系固体電解質は硫化物系粒子を含む。前記硫化物系粒子の表面をコートするか改質して使うことができ、前記粒子を含む混合物から乾式又は湿式工程で硫化物系固体電解質を製造する。
具体的に、本発明による全固体電池は正極及び負極を備え、これらの間に前述した硫化物系固体電解質が配置される。
正極集電体は当該電池に化学的変化を引き起こさないながらも高い導電性を有するものであれば特に制限されなく、例えばステンレススチール、アルミニウム、ニッケル、チタン、焼成炭素、又はアルミニウムやステンレススチールの表面にカーボン、ニッケル、チタン、銀などで表面処理したものなどを使うことができる。
負極集電体は全固体電池に化学的変化を誘発しないながら導電性を有するものであれば特に制限されなく、例えば、銅、ステンレススチール、アルミニウム、ニッケル、チタン、焼成炭素、銅又はステンレススチールの表面にカーボン、ニッケル、チタン、銀などで表面処理したもの、アルミニウム-カドミウム合金などを使うことができる。また、前記負極集電体は、正極集電体と同様に、表面に微細な凹凸が形成されたフィルム、シート、ホイル、ネット、多孔質体、発泡体、不織布体などの多様な形態を使うことができる。
ここで、必要な場合、前記活物質に加え、導電材、固体電解質、又は分散剤をさらに添加することができる。
実施例1、2及び3:硫化物系全固体電池用正極活物質粒子の製造
a)NCM811正極活物質を水で洗浄する。NCM811はニッケル、コバルト、マンガンの含量が8:1:1の正極活物質である。
実施例2=ホウ酸10mg:NCM1g(B含量:1,748ppm)
実施例3=ホウ酸20mg:NCM1g(B含量:3,497ppm)
実施例4=実施例1と同一であるがB含量が1,000ppm
ホウ酸を全然使わずに実施例と同様な方法で正極活物質を製造した。
LNOコーティングとして湿式コーティングを使って下記のように製造した。
Li2B4O7湿式コーティングを用いて製造した。
a)プランジャー(直径1cm)でPEEK(直径1cm)素材のセルの下端を塞ぎ、硫化物系固体電解質であるLPSCl(NEI社製)75mgを前記PEEK素材のセル内に入れ、他のプランジャーでPEEK素材のセルの上端を塞いだ後、油圧プレスを用いて370MPaの圧力で(1~2分間圧力維持)PEEK素材のセルの内部にLPSClペレットを作る。
前記製造例による全固体二次電池に対し、25℃で2.5~4.3Vの電圧領域基準で充放電サイクル寿命を測定した後、初期容量に対する充放電容量維持率を分析し、その結果を下記の表1、表2及び図3~図7に記載した。
Claims (11)
- 硫化物系全固体電池用正極活物質粒子の製造方法であって、
乾燥した前記正極活物質粒子と乾燥状態のホウ酸を混合して熱処理する段階を含む、硫化物系全固体電池用正極活物質粒子の製造方法。 - 乾燥した前記正極活物質粒子は水分含量が100ppm以下である、請求項1に記載の硫化物系全固体電池用正極活物質粒子の製造方法。
- 前記正極活物質粒子を乾燥するに先立ち、前記正極活物質粒子を水で洗浄して不純物を除去する段階を先行する、請求項2に記載の硫化物系全固体電池用正極活物質粒子の製造方法。
- 前記熱処理は、200℃~650℃で焼成する、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の硫化物系全固体電池用正極活物質粒子の製造方法。
- 前記熱処理は、250℃~350℃で5時間焼成する、請求項4に記載の硫化物系全固体電池用正極活物質粒子の製造方法。
- 乾燥した前記正極活物質粒子と前記乾燥状態のホウ酸は1000:1~10:1の重量比で混合される、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の硫化物系全固体電池用正極活物質粒子の製造方法。
- 前記正極活物質は、LiMn2O4、LiMnO2を含むリチウムマンガン複合酸化物、リチウムコバルト酸化物(LiCoO2)、リチウムニッケル酸化物(LiNiO2)を含む層状化合物又は1種又はそれ以上の遷移金属に置換された化合物;化学式Li1+xMn2-xO4(ここで、xは0~0.33)、LiMnO3、LiMn2O3、LiMnO2を含むリチウムマンガン酸化物;リチウム銅酸化物(Li2CuO2);LiV3O8、LiFe3O4、V2O5、Cu2V2O7を含むバナジウム酸化物;化学式LiNi1-xMxO2(ここで、M=Co、Mn、Al、Cu、Fe、Mg、B又はGaであり、x=0.01~0.3)で表現されるNiサイト型リチウムニッケル酸化物;化学式LiMn2-xMxO2(ここで、M=Co、Ni、Fe、Cr、Zn又はTaであり、x=0.01~0.1)又はLi2Mn3MO8(ここで、M=Fe、Co、Ni、Cu又はZn)で表現されるリチウムマンガン複合酸化物;化学式のLiの一部がアルカリ土類金属イオンに置換されたLiMn2O4;ジスルフィド化合物;Fe2(MoO4)3の中で1種又は2種以上の混合物、及びこれらの誘導体からなる群から選択される、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の硫化物系全固体電池用正極活物質粒子の製造方法。
- 前記熱処理によって前記正極活物質粒子の表面にLiBO2及びLi2B4O7混合物であるLBOコーティング層を形成する、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の硫化物系全固体電池用正極活物質粒子の製造方法。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の方法によって製造された硫化物系全固体電池用正極活物質粒子。
- 請求項9の硫化物系全固体電池用正極活物質粒子を含む、硫化物系全固体電池用正極。
- 請求項10の硫化物系全固体電池用正極を含む、硫化物系全固体電池。
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