JP2022513565A - アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトへの骨格外金属の導入の強化 - Google Patents
アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトへの骨格外金属の導入の強化 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2022513565A JP2022513565A JP2021517026A JP2021517026A JP2022513565A JP 2022513565 A JP2022513565 A JP 2022513565A JP 2021517026 A JP2021517026 A JP 2021517026A JP 2021517026 A JP2021517026 A JP 2021517026A JP 2022513565 A JP2022513565 A JP 2022513565A
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- metal
- mixture
- aluminosilicate zeolite
- reaction mixture
- extraskeletal
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- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 384
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 307
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 307
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 221
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 200
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 186
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 150
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000033444 hydroxylation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005805 hydroxylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 15
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 58
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 42
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 239000006254 rheological additive Substances 0.000 description 25
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 25
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 11
- -1 salt cation Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L Copper hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Cu+2] JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000005750 Copper hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001956 copper hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229920000896 Ethulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000001859 Ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000019326 ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229940073455 tetraethylammonium hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 4
- LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229920001479 Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002305 Schizophyllan Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000591 gum Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920003063 hydroxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229940031574 hydroxymethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013595 supernatant sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- WDQLRUYAYXDIFW-RWKIJVEZSA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-4-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,5-dihydroxy-4-[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)O1 WDQLRUYAYXDIFW-RWKIJVEZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001503 Glucan Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002310 Welan gum Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940072056 alginate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005210 alkyl ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940116318 copper carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;carbonate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C([O-])=O GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002195 soluble material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- LPSKDVINWQNWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapropylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC LPSKDVINWQNWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 2
- OMDQUFIYNPYJFM-XKDAHURESA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6r)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-[(2s,3s,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)O1 OMDQUFIYNPYJFM-XKDAHURESA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEBUJFMRSBAMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(2-{[3,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-phosphanyloxan-4-yl]oxy}-3,5-dihydroxy-6-({[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)oxan-4-yl)oxy]-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl phosphinite Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(OC2C(C(OP)C(O)C(CO)O2)O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(CO)OC(P)C2O)O)O1 FEBUJFMRSBAMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002558 Curdlan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001879 Curdlan Substances 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920000926 Galactomannan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910016287 MxOy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO Inorganic materials [Zr]=O GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003842 bromide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;1,3,5,2,4,6$l^{2}-trioxadisilaluminane 2,4-dioxide;dihydroxide;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2].O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1.O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1 UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001767 cationic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052676 chabazite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019316 curdlan Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940078035 curdlan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004675 formic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010335 hydrothermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001411 inorganic cation Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004694 iodide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940094522 laponite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XCOBTUNSZUJCDH-UHFFFAOYSA-B lithium magnesium sodium silicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Na+].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3 XCOBTUNSZUJCDH-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 1
- 150000002696 manganese Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013335 mesoporous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012229 microporous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006069 physical mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
骨格外金属含有アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトを調製するためのプロセスは、
(a)(i)H+型のアルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトの水性スラリーと、(ii)金属含有化合物又は遊離金属と、を含む反応混合物Aを形成する工程であって、混合物がアンモニア、水酸化アンモニウム、又はアンモニウム塩を含まない、工程と、
(b)金属を反応混合物A中のH+型のアルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトと反応させ、生成混合物B、すなわち骨格外金属含有アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトを含む反応混合物を形成する工程と、を含み、
金属は、銅、鉄、マンガン、ニッケル、及びパラジウムのうちの1つ以上を含み、金属をH+型のアルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトと反応させる工程は、単一の交換で行われ、生成混合物Bを形成した後に、骨格外金属含有アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトは、生成混合物Bから分離されない。
工程(a)には、H+型のアルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトが必要である。出願人らは、H+型のアルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトの使用により、単一の骨格外金属交換の使用を可能にし、NH3型のアルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトの使用よりも高い水準の金属吸収率を実現することを発見した。これを以下の実施例1及び2に示す。
金属は、銅、鉄、マンガン、ニッケル及びパラジウムのうちの1つ以上、好ましくは、銅、マンガン、ニッケル、及びパラジウムのうちの1つ以上を含むことができる。
工程(a)は、金属の1つ以上の塩を使用することができる。金属の塩には、金属のカチオン及びアニオンが必要である。
金属含有化合物又は遊離金属は、単一のイオン交換でアルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトにおける金属の所望の担持量を達成する金属の濃度を有する溶液、スラリー又は懸濁液中に存在し得る。金属含有化合物が水に可溶性である場合、所望の担持量は、生成混合物B、すなわち交換反応が生じた後の反応混合物に由来する上清試料中における金属の濃度と、反応が生じる前の反応混合物Aに由来する上清試料中における金属の濃度との間の差によって求められる、金属の吸収率に基づくものであり得る。反応混合物A及び生成混合物Bの一部を遠心分離して固体を液体から分離することによって、分析のために上清試料を得ることができる。反応混合物A及び生成混合物B中の金属のその量の差は、ゼオライトの骨格外部位に交換された金属の量に相当する。金属が遊離金属である場合、又は水に可溶性ではないがスラリー又は懸濁液中に存在する金属含有化合物の形態である場合、反応混合物A及び生成混合物Bの試料は、金属を可溶化する一方で、ゼオライトの骨格外部位から金属を除去しない方法で分析する必要があり得る。
反応混合物A、スラリー又は懸濁液を適切に混合して、良好な混合を有する生成混合物Bを形成して、固体沈殿を防ぐことができる。当業者であれば、このような混合を得るために使用することができる装置及び技術を認識しているであろう。
反応混合物Aを反応させて、骨格外金属含有アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトを形成する工程は、反応混合物を10℃~90℃、好ましくは20℃~85℃、より好ましくは25℃~75℃、最も好ましくは30℃~75℃の温度まで冷却又は加熱することを含み得る。反応混合物A中の金属含有化合物が酢酸銅を含む場合、反応混合物Aは、40℃~85℃、より好ましくは55℃~75℃の温度まで加熱する必要がある。
金属含有アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトを含む混合物を形成するのに十分な時間の長さは、アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライト、アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトのSAR、アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトの型、アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトの粒径、所望の金属担持量、金属塩、反応混合物Aが加熱される温度、及び反応物の濃度のうちの1つ以上に依存する。
反応混合物AのpHは、約4~約7の範囲、好ましくは約5~約7の範囲、更により好ましくは約5~約6の範囲であり得る。
吸収率の割合は、金属含有化合物又は遊離金属から、骨格外金属としてアルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトに移された金属の量の尺度である。吸収率の割合は、アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライト中又はその上にある金属のモル数/出発溶液×100中の金属のモル数として定義される。吸収率の割合は、アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトに交換され、その上に吸着される金属の総量である。吸収率の割合は、使用されるアルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトの供給源、反応温度、及び反応時間に応じて、約80%~約98%の範囲であり得る。金属吸収率の割合は、少なくとも約80%、好ましくは少なくとも約85%、より好ましくは少なくとも約90%、最も好ましくは少なくとも約92%であり得る。
反応が室温(最大40℃)で行われる場合、金属交換後の生成混合物Bの冷却は必要とされない。
上述のプロセスによって得られた/得ることができる、骨格外金属含有アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトは、以下に記載の組成を有することができる。
上述のプロセスによって得られた/得ることができる、骨格外金属含有アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトは、アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトを450℃空気中で1時間焼成した後に測定した、交換された金属の金属酸化物に対する重量比が、≧1、≧2、≧3、≧4、≧5、≧6、≧7、≧8、≧8.5、又は≧9であり得る。
金属の酸化物として計算される、上述のプロセスによって得られた/得ることができる、骨格外金属含有アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライト中の金属の目標担持量は、金属及びアルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトに応じて、≦10重量%、≦9重量%、≦8重量%、≦7重量%、≦6重量%、≦5重量%、≦4重量%、又は≦3重量%であり得る。金属の酸化物は、金属に応じて、MO、M2O、又はMxOyの型であり得る。例えば、金属が銅である場合、金属の酸化物はCuOである。金属が鉄である場合、金属の酸化物はFe2O3である。当業者であれば、目標担持量はアルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライト、金属、及び骨格外金属含有アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトの使用目的に依存することを認識しているであろう。例えば、金属含有アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトを使用して、NOxとN2Oとの混合物を含む排気ガスを処理する場合、アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライト上の金属の目標担持量は、NOx及びN2Oの削減を目標とするために異なる金属担持量を選択することができるため、排気ガス中のNOx及びN2Oの濃度に応じて異なる場合がある。
アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトの構造における交換部位に関連する金属の濃度を増加させるために交換される金属に加えて、概して金属酸化物又は水酸化物の形態である、いわゆる遊離金属と呼ばれる非交換金属がアルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトの表面上に存在してもよい。本発明のいくつかの態様では、遊離金属はアルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライト上に存在しない。
上記のプロセスによって得られた/得ることができる、金属含有アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライト中の金属のアルミニウムに対する原子比は、約0.05~1.4、好ましくは約0.25~約0.7であり得る。
骨格外金属含有アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトを含むウォッシュコートを調製するためのプロセスは、
(a)上記の骨格外金属含有アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトを含む生成混合物Bを準備する工程と、
(b)生成混合物Bを結合剤、レオロジー調整剤、又は結合剤及びレオロジー調整剤の混合物と組み合わせて、ウォッシュコート混合物C、すなわちウォッシュコートを形成する工程と、を含む。
結着剤としても知られる結合剤は、ウォッシュコート中の他の材料を一緒に、そしてそれが適用される基材に、保持又は引き寄せるために使用される材料である。
レオロジー調整剤は、多糖類、デンプン、セルロース、アルギン酸塩、セルロース(すなわちセルロース系物質)、カルボキシメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、メチルセルロース、メチルヒドロキシエチルセルロース、メチルヒドロキシプロピルセルロース及びエチルヒドロキシエチルセルロースカルボキシメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、メチルセルロース、メチルヒドロキシエチルセルロース、メチルヒドロキシプロピルセルロース及びエチルヒドロキシエチルセルロース、並びにこれらの混合物を含み得る。
ウォッシュコート混合物Cは、(a)骨格外金属含有アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトを含む生成混合物Bと、(b)結合剤及びレオロジー制御剤のうちの1つ以上との混合物を含む。
本発明はまた、上述のプロセスによって得ることができる又は得られる、骨格外金属含有アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトにも関する。
銅を市販のNH4 +型のCHAへ交換し、NH4 +型のCHAを、酸で処理することによりin-situでH+型のCHAに変換し、市販のH+型のCHAの試料を、酢酸銅溶液から65℃で銅の吸収率を求めることによって評価して、2.4重量%の銅を有する銅ゼオライトを得た。固形分含有量は約38%であった。
銅を、単一の銅塩又は銅塩のブレンドを使用して、SAR22でH+型のCHAに交換した。各銅塩の含有量は、交換可能な全銅金属の割合によって測定した。第一の銅供給源として酢酸銅を使用し、第二の供給源である炭酸銅又は水酸化銅をブレンドした。H+型のCHA及びCu塩を脱イオン水に加え、混合しながらシステムを65℃まで加熱した。反応混合物を65℃で5時間保持し、この時点で室温まで冷却し、分析用の試料を採取した。
SARが20で銅が3.75%のAEIをCHAの代わりに使用した以外は、実施例2と同様に、温度は70℃であり、水酸化銅からの銅の割合は0から66.7%までに変化した。
単一のマンガン塩を使用して、SAR10で異なる量のマンガンをH+型のAFXに交換することを、50及び80℃で調査した。固体を脱イオン水に添加し、混合しながらシステムを80℃まで加熱した。温度を2時間保持し、その時点で室温まで冷却し、分析用の試料を採取した。
2.4%Cu(低担持量)及び3.3%Cu(高担持量)のCu担持量を有するCuCHAの試料。試験された以下の条件下で試料をエージングして、様々な温度でこれらの試料を使用した結果として生じるNOx変換率を求めた。
エージング前
中程度:750℃/80h/10%H2O
重度:900℃/4h/4.5%H2O
軽度:620℃/100h/10%H2O
Claims (23)
- 骨格外金属含有アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトを調製するためのプロセスであって、
(a)(i)H+型のアルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトの水性スラリーと、(ii)金属含有化合物又は遊離金属と、を含む反応混合物Aを形成する工程であって、前記混合物がアンモニア、水酸化アンモニウム、又はアンモニウム塩を含まない、工程と、
(b)前記金属を反応混合物A中の前記H+型アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトと反応させ、前記骨格外金属含有アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトを含む生成混合物Bを形成する工程と、を含み、
前記金属が、銅、マンガン、ニッケル、及びパラジウムのうちの1つ以上を含み、前記金属をH+型の前記アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトと反応させる前記工程は、単一の交換で行われ、生成混合物Bを形成した後に、前記骨格外金属含有アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトは、前記反応後に前記混合物から分離されない、プロセス。 - 反応混合物Aの前記金属含有化合物又は遊離金属が鉄塩を更に含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 反応混合物AがpHを有し、反応混合物Aを形成する前記工程が、塩基の添加によって反応混合物Aの前記pHを調整することを更に含む、請求項1又は2に記載のプロセス。
- 前記塩基が、無機塩基、好ましくは金属水酸化物、又は有機塩基、好ましくはアルキルアンモニア水酸化物であり、前記アルキルアンモニア水酸化物が4~16個の炭素原子を含む、請求項3に記載のプロセス。
- 前記プロセスが、前記骨格外金属含有アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライト中に存在する骨格外金属の量を増加させるために、塩基を添加することによって、生成混合物Bの前記pHを調整することを更に含む、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記反応混合物Aが、前記骨格外金属含有アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトの5重量%~50重量%、好ましくは10重量%~45重量%、より好ましくは15重量%~40重量%を構成する、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記反応混合物Aを反応させて、前記骨格外金属含有アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトを形成する前記工程が、前記反応混合物を、周囲温度又は冷却を必要とする温度で混合することを含む、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 反応混合物Aを反応させて、前記骨格外金属含有アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトを形成する前記工程が、反応混合物Aを10~30℃の温度で反応させることを含む、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記反応混合物Aを反応させて、前記骨格外金属含有アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトを形成する前記工程が、前記反応混合物Aを30℃~90℃、好ましくは40℃~85℃、より好ましくは55℃~75℃の温度に加熱することを含む、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記金属含有化合物又は遊離金属が、酢酸銅を含む場合、反応混合物Aは、40℃~85℃、より好ましくは55℃~75℃に加熱される、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 請求項1~6及び10のいずれか一項に記載のプロセスであって、
(c)工程(b)で形成された前記混合物を室温まで冷却する工程を更に含む、プロセス。 - 前記アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトが、工程aの前に処理され、前記処理が、前記アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトの粒径、前記アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトの粒径分布、前記アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトの酸性度、又は脱アルミニウムの量のうちの1つ以上を変化させる、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 骨格外金属含有アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトを含むウォッシュコートを調製するためのプロセスであって、
(a)前記骨格外金属含有アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトを含む生成混合物Bを準備する工程と、
(b)生成混合物Bを結合剤、レオロジー調整剤、又は結合剤及びレオロジー調整剤の混合物と組み合わせて、ウォッシュコート混合物Cを形成する工程と、を含むプロセス。 - ウォッシュコート混合物CがpHを有し、前記プロセスが、塩基を添加することによってウォッシュコート混合物Cの前記pHを調整する工程を更に含む、請求項13に記載のプロセス。
- ウォッシュコート混合物Cの前記pHを調整する工程が、前記結合剤、前記レオロジー調整剤、又は前記結合剤と前記レオロジー調整剤との組み合わせの添加の後又は同時に行われる、請求項14に記載のプロセス。
- 前記結合剤が、粉末又はスラリーとして、骨格外金属含有アルミノケイ酸塩ゼオライトを含む生成混合物Bに添加される、請求項13~15のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記結合剤が、ウォッシュコート混合物C中の全固形分の1~20%、好ましくは全固形分の1~15%、より好ましくは全固形分の1~10%の量で添加される、請求項13~16のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記結合剤が、生成混合物Bの総重量の1~10重量%、好ましくは1~5重量%の量で添加される、請求項13~17のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記レオロジー調整剤が、ウォッシュコート混合物C中の全固形分の1~20%、好ましくは全固形分の1~15%、より好ましくは全固形分の1~10%の量で添加される、請求項13~18のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記レオロジー調整剤が、生成混合物Bの1~10重量%、好ましくは1~5重量%の量で添加される、請求項13~19のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記塩基が、無機塩基、好ましくは金属水酸化物、又は有機塩基、好ましくはアルキルアンモニア水酸化物であり、前記アルキルアンモニア水酸化物が4~16個の炭素原子を含む、請求項14~20のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- ウォッシュコート混合物C中のOH-の濃度が、ウォッシュコート混合物C中の前記金属の濃度よりも大きくなるような量で、塩基を添加する、請求項14~21のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- ウォッシュコート混合物Cを基材上に適用して、コーティングされた基材を形成する工程を更に含む、請求項14~22のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
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2019
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- 2019-11-29 WO PCT/GB2019/053376 patent/WO2020109810A1/en unknown
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- 2019-11-29 GB GB1917401.0A patent/GB2580521B/en active Active
- 2019-11-29 EP EP19816427.9A patent/EP3887312A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2019-11-29 BR BR112021005553-3A patent/BR112021005553A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2019-11-29 JP JP2021517026A patent/JP2022513565A/ja active Pending
- 2019-11-29 KR KR1020217009483A patent/KR20210097098A/ko unknown
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GB2580521B (en) | 2023-01-11 |
GB201917401D0 (en) | 2020-01-15 |
US11278874B2 (en) | 2022-03-22 |
BR112021005553A2 (pt) | 2021-06-29 |
US20200171473A1 (en) | 2020-06-04 |
EP3887312A1 (en) | 2021-10-06 |
WO2020109810A1 (en) | 2020-06-04 |
KR20210097098A (ko) | 2021-08-06 |
CN112771004A (zh) | 2021-05-07 |
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