JP2019528474A - 多層回折接眼レンズ - Google Patents
多層回折接眼レンズ Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019528474A JP2019528474A JP2019510397A JP2019510397A JP2019528474A JP 2019528474 A JP2019528474 A JP 2019528474A JP 2019510397 A JP2019510397 A JP 2019510397A JP 2019510397 A JP2019510397 A JP 2019510397A JP 2019528474 A JP2019528474 A JP 2019528474A
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- light
- grating
- planar waveguide
- waveguide
- selective reflector
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
- G02B6/0015—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
- G02B6/0016—Grooves, prisms, gratings, scattering particles or rough surfaces
-
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- G02—OPTICS
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- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0018—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means for preventing ghost images
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- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0081—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means for altering, e.g. enlarging, the entrance or exit pupil
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
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- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0176—Head mounted characterised by mechanical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0179—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
- G02B27/1086—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by diffraction only
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
- G02B27/283—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
- G02B5/1814—Diffraction gratings structurally combined with one or more further optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors, prisms or other diffraction gratings
- G02B5/1819—Plural gratings positioned on the same surface, e.g. array of gratings
- G02B5/1823—Plural gratings positioned on the same surface, e.g. array of gratings in an overlapping or superposed manner
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Abstract
Description
本願は、米国仮特許出願第62/377,831号(出願日2016年8月22日)、米国仮特許出願第62/447,608号(出願日2017年1月18日)、米国仮特許出願第62/449,524号(出願日2017年1月23日)、米国仮特許出願第62/509,969号(2017年5月23日)、米国仮特許出願第62/519,536号(出願日2017年6月14日)、米国仮特許出願第62/521,889号(出願日2017年6月19日)に対する優先権を主張するものである。これらの開示は、あらゆる目的のためにそれらの全体が参照により本明細書中に援用される。
(光学システム)
(ディザリング)
(例示的位相変動パターン)
(複数のインコヒーレント画像の生成)
(テレセントリックプロジェクタからの反射の抑制)
(可変幾何学形状回折光学要素)
(可変屈折率)
(格子構造)
(接眼レンズ層の性質)
(ブレーズド格子のための製造プロセス)
(インプリントベースの製造およびリフトオフ)
(多段階格子)
(段階的な格子デューティサイクル)
Claims (20)
- 画像を視認者の眼に投影させるための接眼レンズであって、前記接眼レンズは、
正面表面および背面表面を有する平面導波管であって、前記平面導波管は、第1の波長範囲内の光を伝搬するように構成される、平面導波管と、
前記平面導波管の背面表面に結合された格子であって、前記格子は、前記平面導波管内を伝搬する前記光の第1の部分を前記平面導波管の平面から第1の方向に向かって回折し、前記平面導波管内を伝搬する前記光の第2の部分を前記平面導波管の平面から前記第1の方向と反対の第2の方向に向かって回折するように構成される、格子と、
前記平面導波管の正面表面に結合された波長選択的反射体であって、前記波長選択的反射体は、前記波長選択的反射体が前記光の第2の部分の少なくとも一部を前記第1の方向に向かって後方反射させるように、前記第1の波長範囲内の光を反射させ、前記第1の波長範囲外の光を透過させるように構成される、波長選択的反射体と
を備える、接眼レンズ。 - 前記第1の方向は、前記視認者の眼に向かう方向であり、前記第2の方向は、前記視認者の眼から離れる方向である、請求項1に記載の接眼レンズ。
- 前記波長選択的反射体は、前記第1の波長範囲内の反射率ピークを有する反射率スペクトルによって特徴付けられる、請求項1に記載の接眼レンズ。
- 前記第1の波長範囲は、赤色光、緑色光、または青色光のうちの1つに対応する、請求項3に記載の接眼レンズ。
- 前記反射率ピークは、前記導波管内を伝搬する前記光のスペクトル帯域幅に実質的に合致する半値全幅によって特徴付けられる、請求項4に記載の接眼レンズ。
- 前記反射率ピークは、前記導波管内を伝搬する前記光のスペクトル帯域幅を上回る半値全幅によって特徴付けられる、請求項4に記載の接眼レンズ。
- 前記波長選択的反射体は、多層薄膜、メタ表面、または体積位相ホログラムのうちの1つを備える、請求項1に記載の接眼レンズ。
- 前記格子は、第1の偏光状態における光を前記第1の方向に向かって回折し、前記第1の偏光状態に直交する第2の偏光状態における光を前記第2の方向に向かって回折するために最適化され、前記波長選択的反射体は、前記第2の偏光状態における光を反射させるために最適化される、請求項1に記載の接眼レンズ。
- 画像を視認者の眼に投影させるための接眼レンズであって、前記接眼レンズは、
第1の正面表面および第1の背面表面を有する第1の平面導波管であって、前記第1の平面導波管は、第1の波長範囲内の第1の光を伝搬するように構成される、第1の平面導波管と、
前記第1の平面導波管と略平行かつその正面に配置される第2の平面導波管であって、前記第2の平面導波管は、第2の正面表面および第2の背面表面を有し、第2の波長範囲内の第2の光を伝搬するように構成される、第2の平面導波管と、
前記第2の平面導波管と略平行かつその正面に配置される第3の平面導波管であって、前記第3の平面導波管は、第3の正面表面および第3の背面表面を有し、第3の波長範囲内の第3の光を伝搬するように構成される、第3の平面導波管と、
前記第1の平面導波管の第1の背面表面に結合される第1の格子であって、前記第1の格子は、前記第1の平面導波管内を伝搬する前記第1の光の第1の部分を前記第1の平面導波管の平面から第1の方向に向かって回折し、前記第1の光の第2の部分を前記第1の平面導波管の平面から前記第1の方向と反対の第2の方向に向かって回折するように構成される、第1の格子と、
前記第2の平面導波管の第2の背面表面に結合される第2の格子であって、前記第2の格子は、前記第2の平面導波管内を伝搬する前記第2の光の第1の部分を前記第2の平面導波管の平面から前記第1の方向に向かって回折し、前記第2の光の第2の部分を前記第2の平面導波管の平面から前記第2の方向に向かって回折するように構成される、第2の格子と、
前記第3の平面導波管の第3の背面表面に結合される第3の格子であって、前記第3の格子は、前記第3の平面導波管内を伝搬する前記第3の光の第1の部分を前記第3の平面導波管の平面から前記第1の方向に向かって回折し、前記第3の光の第2の部分を前記第3の平面導波管の平面から前記第2の方向に向かって回折するように構成される、第3の格子と、
前記第1の平面導波管の第1の正面表面に結合される第1の波長選択的反射体であって、前記第1の波長選択的反射体は、前記第1の波長選択的反射体が前記第1の光の第2の部分の少なくとも一部を前記第1の方向に向かって後方反射させるように、前記第1の波長範囲内の光を反射させ、前記第1の波長範囲外の光を透過させるように構成される、第1の波長選択的反射体と、
前記第2の平面導波管の第2の正面表面に結合される第2の波長選択的反射体であって、前記第2の波長選択的反射体は、前記第2の波長選択的反射体が前記第2の光の第2の部分の少なくとも一部を前記第1の方向に向かって後方反射させるように、前記第2の波長範囲内の光を反射させ、前記第2の波長範囲外の光を透過させるように構成される、第2の波長選択的反射体と、
前記第3の平面導波管の第3の正面表面に結合される第3の波長選択的反射体であって、前記第3の波長選択的反射体は、前記第3の波長選択的反射体が前記第3の光の第2の部分の少なくとも一部を前記第1の方向に向かって後方反射させるように、前記第3の波長範囲内の光を反射させ、前記第3の波長範囲外の光を透過させるように構成される、第3の波長選択的反射体と
を備える、接眼レンズ。 - 前記第1の方向は、前記視認者の眼に向かう方向であり、前記第2の方向は、前記視認者の眼から離れる方向である、請求項9に記載の接眼レンズ。
- 前記第1の波長選択的反射体、前記第2の波長選択的反射体、および前記第3の波長選択的反射体はそれぞれ、多層薄膜、メタ表面、または体積位相ホログラムのうちの1つを備える、請求項9に記載の接眼レンズ。
- 前記第1の波長選択的反射体、前記第2の波長選択的反射体、および前記第3の波長選択的反射体はそれぞれ、所定の入射角範囲のために最適化されるメタ表面または体積ホログラムを備える、請求項9に記載の接眼レンズ。
- 前記第1の波長範囲は、赤色光に対応し、
前記第2の波長範囲は、緑色光に対応し、
前記第3の波長範囲は、青色光に対応する、
請求項9に記載の接眼レンズ。 - 前記第1の波長選択的反射体は、緑色光および青色光を透過させるように構成され、前記第2の波長選択的反射体は、青色光を透過させるように構成される、請求項13に記載の接眼レンズ。
- 前記第1の波長選択的反射体、前記第2の波長選択的反射体、および前記第3の波長選択的反射体はそれぞれ、メタ表面または体積ホログラムを備え、複数の領域を含み、各領域は、前記視認者の眼に到達する光線に対応する個別の入射角範囲のために最適化される、請求項13に記載の接眼レンズ。
- 前記複数の領域は、部分的に、相互に重複する、請求項15に記載の接眼レンズ。
- 前記第1の波長選択的反射体、前記第2の波長選択的反射体、および前記第3の波長選択的反射体はそれぞれ、複数の交互配置された領域を含むメタ表面を備え、各領域は、個別の入射角範囲のために最適化される、請求項9に記載の接眼レンズ。
- 画像を視認者の眼に投影させるための接眼レンズであって、前記接眼レンズは、
第1の正面表面および第1の背面表面を有する第1の平面導波管であって、前記第1の平面導波管は、第1の波長範囲内の第1の光を伝搬するように構成される、第1の平面導波管と、
前記第1の平面導波管と略平行かつその正面に配置される第2の平面導波管であって、前記第2の平面導波管は、第2の正面表面および第2の背面表面を有し、第2の波長範囲内の第2の光を伝搬するように構成される、第2の平面導波管と、
前記第2の平面導波管と略平行かつその正面に配置される第3の平面導波管であって、前記第3の平面導波管は、第3の正面表面および第3の背面表面を有し、第3の波長範囲内の第3の光を伝搬するように構成される、第3の平面導波管と、
前記第1の平面導波管の第1の正面表面に結合される第1の格子であって、前記第1の格子は、前記第1の平面導波管内を伝搬する前記第1の光の第1の部分を前記第1の平面導波管の平面から第1の方向に向かって回折し、前記第1の光の第2の部分を前記第1の平面導波管の平面から前記第1の方向と反対の第2の方向に向かって回折するように構成される、第1の格子と、
前記第2の平面導波管の第2の正面表面に結合される第2の格子であって、前記第2の格子は、前記第2の平面導波管内を伝搬する前記第2の光の第1の部分を前記第2の平面導波管の平面から前記第1の方向に向かって回折し、前記第2の光の第2の部分を前記第2の平面導波管の平面から前記第2の方向に向かって回折するように構成される、第2の格子と、
前記第3の平面導波管の第3の正面表面に結合される第3の格子であって、前記第3の格子は、前記第3の平面導波管内を伝搬する前記第3の光の第1の部分を前記第3の平面導波管の平面から前記第1の方向に向かって回折し、前記第3の光の第2の部分を前記第3の平面導波管の平面から前記第2の方向に向かって回折するように構成される、第3の格子と、
前記第2の平面導波管の第2の背面表面に結合される第1の波長選択的反射体であって、前記第1の波長選択的反射体は、前記第1の波長選択的反射体が前記第1の光の第2の部分の少なくとも一部を前記第1の方向に向かって後方反射させるように、前記第1の波長範囲内の光を反射させ、前記第1の波長範囲外の光を透過させるように構成される、第1の波長選択的反射体と、
前記第3の平面導波管の第3の背面表面に結合される第2の波長選択的反射体であって、前記第2の波長選択的反射体は、前記第2の波長選択的反射体が前記第2の光の第2の部分の少なくとも一部を前記第1の方向に向かって後方反射させるように、前記第2の波長範囲内の光を反射させ、前記第2の波長範囲外の光を透過させるように構成される、第2の波長選択的反射体と、
前記第3の平面導波管と略平行かつその正面に配置される正面カバープレートと、
前記正面カバープレートの表面に結合される第3の波長選択的反射体であって、前記第3の平面導波管は、前記第3の波長選択的反射体が前記第3の光の第2の部分の少なくとも一部を前記第1の方向に向かって後方反射させるように、前記第3の波長範囲内の光を反射させ、前記第3の波長範囲外の光を透過させるように構成される、第3の波長選択的反射体と
を備える、接眼レンズ。 - 前記第1の波長選択的反射体、前記第2の波長選択的反射体、および前記第3の波長選択的反射体はそれぞれ、メタ表面または体積位相ホログラムを備え、複数の領域を含み、各領域は、前記視認者の眼に到達する光線に対応する個別の入射角範囲のために最適化される、請求項18に記載の接眼レンズ。
- 前記第1の波長範囲は、赤色光に対応し、
前記第2の波長範囲は、緑色光に対応し、
前記第3の波長範囲は、青色光に対応する、
請求項18に記載の接眼レンズ。
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