JP6714612B2 - 光学透視ディスプレイ素子及びかかる素子を利用する装置 - Google Patents
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Description
用語「透明な」(例えば「透明な」材料層又はディスプレイ素子の領域)は、可視波長中点値450−650ナノメートルでの透過率が少なくとも20%、特に少なくとも50%である構造をいう。
図3Aは、周期d及び高さhの基礎回折格子構造を定めるために、第1材料30(例えばプラスチック又はガラス)に周期的に配置されたリッジ及び溝を含む複層回折格子を表す。リッジ及び溝の上部に、第1材料よりも屈折率が高い、第2材料31の薄層を設ける。第1材料30と屈折率が同じであり又は異なる、第3材料32を構造の上部に設けることができる。このことは、本発明内で使用できる複層回折格子の一例を構成する。
次に、例示的な複層回折格子の構造をより詳細に説明する。
a)屈折率n1を有する、光学的に透明な底部基板を設け、
b)底部基板に一連の溝とリッジとを製造し、
c)溝に、屈折率n11又はn を有する光学的に透明な材料の第1の領域を堆積して、第1の回折格子層を完成させ、
d)リッジ上に、屈折率n21又はn を有する光学的に透明な材料の第2の領域を堆積し、
e)第2の領域同士の間に、そして任意に第2の領域の上にも均一な被覆層として、(n1 と等しくすることができるが、等しくする必要は無い)屈折率n2を有する光学的に透明な材料を堆積する、
ことによって製造することができる。
Claims (16)
- 両側に存在する2つの面を含む透明な基板と、
光を前記基板に取り込む光取り込み構造と、
前記透明な基板上に配置された、取り込まれた光を前記透明な基板の外へ取り出す光取り出し回折格子構造と、
を備える光学ディスプレイ素子であり、
前記光学ディスプレイ素子の光取り出し効率を向上させるために、前記光取り出し回折格子構造が、前記基板の両側に存在する前記面の少なくとも1つの上で互いに重なる少なくとも2つの複層回折格子を備え、
各複層回折格子は、異なる屈折率を有する少なくとも2つの材料領域の繰り返し周期を含む層を少なくとも2層備え、
前記光取り出し回折格子構造が、前記基板の少なくとも一方側で、回折格子層の数が光導体の後端部に向かって増加する、部分的に重なり合った階段状の様式で、互いに重なる複層回折格子を備える、光学ディスプレイ素子。 - 2つの複層回折格子の間に、均一で透明な界面層が存在し、前記界面層は前記基板と同じ材料からなる、請求項1に記載の光学ディスプレイ素子。
- 前記光取り込み構造が光取り込み回折格子を備える、請求項1又は2に記載の光学ディスプレイ素子。
- 前記光取り出し回折格子構造が、金属酸化物の少なくとも1つの層を含む、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の光学ディスプレイ素子。
- 金属酸化物の前記層が、ガラス又はプラスチックのパターン層上に配置された、請求項4に記載の光学ディスプレイ素子。
- 前記パターン層が、リッジ及び溝の周期的回折パターンを含み、金属酸化物の前記層が前記パターン層上にメッキされる、請求項5に記載の光学ディスプレイ素子。
- 金属酸化物の層を、前記複層回折格子のそれぞれの中又は上に含む、請求項4〜6のいずれかに記載の光学ディスプレイ素子。
- 前記複層回折格子のそれぞれの層が相互作用して、前記層のいずれか単独と比較してゼロ次以外の回折オーダーへの回折を低減させる、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の光学ディスプレイ素子。
- 前記複層回折格子のそれぞれが、
周期的に互い違いにした、相違する屈折率を有する領域を更に含む第1透明回折格子層と、
前記第1透明回折格子層の上に配置され、周期的に互い違いにした、相違する屈折率を有する領域を更に含む第2透明回折格子層と、
を備え、
前記第1透明回折格子層のより高い屈折率を有する領域が、少なくとも部分的に前記第2透明回折格子層のより低い屈折率を有する領域と並ぶとともに、前記第1透明回折格子層のより低い屈折率を有する領域が、少なくとも部分的に前記第2透明回折格子層のより高い屈折率を有する領域と並ぶ、請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の光学ディスプレイ素子。 - 前記第1透明回折格子層又は前記第2透明回折格子層の少なくとも一方が、互い違いの前記領域の一部を形成する金属酸化物の層を含む、請求項9に記載の光学ディスプレイ素子。
- 金属酸化物の前記層が10〜150ナノメートルの厚さを有する、請求項10に記載の光学ディスプレイ素子。
- 前記光取り出し回折格子構造が、1マイクロメートル未満の寸法の格子を有する構成物を含む、請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の光学ディスプレイ素子。
- 前記光取り出し回折格子構造が、互いに重なる1マイクロメートル未満の寸法の格子を有する層からなり、前記層は、周期的に互い違いにした領域として配置される少なくとも2つの光学的に異なる材料を含む、請求項1〜12のいずれかに記載の光学ディスプレイ素子。
- 請求項1〜13のいずれかに記載の光学ディスプレイ素子と、
前記光学ディスプレイ素子に表示される画像を、前記光取り出し回折格子構造に向けることができる画像プロジェクタと、
を備える透視ディスプレイ装置。 - スマートグラス又は拡張現実グラスの、ヘッドアップディスプレイ(HUD)又はニアアイディスプレイ(NED)である、請求項14に記載の透視ディスプレイ装置。
- 個人用ウエアラブルディスプレイ装置である、請求項14又は15に記載の透視ディスプレイ装置。
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PCT/FI2016/050229 WO2016162606A1 (en) | 2015-04-08 | 2016-04-08 | Optical see-through display element and device utilizing such element |
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