JP2019527921A - 高分子電解質を含む電極の製造方法及びその方法で製造された電極 - Google Patents
高分子電解質を含む電極の製造方法及びその方法で製造された電極 Download PDFInfo
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Images
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- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
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Abstract
Description
本発明の第1態様は、前記電極に関し、該電極は、複数の電極活物質粒子、バインダー樹脂及び/または第1高分子電解質、第2高分子電解質、及び導電材を含み、前記電極活物質粒子は第1高分子電解質と導電材との混合物を含む第1被覆層によって電極活物質粒子表面の少なくとも一部が被覆され、前記第2高分子電解質は前記第1被覆層の表面及び/または前記電極活物質粒子の表面の少なくとも一部を被覆し、複数の電極活物質粒子は前記第1高分子電解質及び第2高分子電解質の少なくとも1つによって互いに結着して一体化された構造を有する。
本発明の一実施形態において、第1高分子電解質と第2高分子電解質とは相異なるか又は互いに同じものを使用することができる。前記第1高分子電解質は、粒子の表面を一次的に被覆するものであって、電位窓が広いものが望ましい。例えば、正極の場合、前記第1高分子電解質は酸化安定性に優れた高分子電解質を使用することが望ましい。また、負極の場合は、第1高分子電解質として還元安定性に優れた高分子電解質を使用することが望ましい。本発明の具体的な一実施形態において、第2高分子電解質は、上述した第1高分子電解質と同じであるか又は異なり得、電極で主にリチウムイオン伝達の役割を果たすため、イオン伝導度が高い素材、例えば10−4s/m以上のものであれば制限なく使用可能であり、特定の成分に限定されない。本発明の具体的な一実施形態において、電極特性を補完し、電極活物質粒子の特性を発現させるため、第1高分子電解質と第2高分子電解質とは適切に相異なる素材を使用することができる。
一方、本発明の一実施形態において、前記電気噴射工程の後、その結果物を乾燥する工程を施すことができる。前記乾燥は、真空条件下で行われ、約80℃〜150℃の温度条件に制御されることが望ましい。
該段階で、第2高分子電解質は、前記第1高分子電解質のように液相で用意することができる。すなわち、第2高分子電解質は、高分子樹脂及びリチウム塩を高温溶融した溶融混合物の形態、または、高分子樹脂及びリチウム塩が有機溶媒に均一に分散した分散物である液体高分子電解質の形態で提供することができる。このような液体高分子電解質に前記乾燥結果物を含浸させて高分子電解質で乾燥結果物を充填する。前記液体高分子電解質は前記乾燥結果物の気孔に浸透して、電極の空いた空間(空隙)が高分子電解質で充填される。
実施例1
(1)電極の製造
電極活物質としてNCM811(LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2)、導電材としてVGCF、及び第1高分子固体電解質(PEO+LiFSI、モル比20:1)を90:5:5の重量比で混合し、アセトニトリルに投入し撹拌して電極スラリーを製造した。厚さ20μmのアルミニウム集電体を用意し、該集電体に前記スラリーを電気噴霧(1.5kV、放射ノズルと集電体の間距離20cm)を用いて塗布し、その結果物を120℃で4時間真空乾燥させた。圧延工程を経て、2mAh/cm2の電極ローディング、電極層の厚さ48μm、気孔度22%の電極を製造した。このような過程を通じて、活物質の表面に導電材と固体電解質がコーティングされた構造が形成された。一方、電極内のイオン伝達を改善するため、第2高分子固体電解質(PEO+LiFSI、モル比20:1)溶液を製造し、上記のように製造した電極を含浸させた後、120℃で4時間真空乾燥させた。含浸の後、気孔度10%の最終的な電極を収得した。
1.4875cm2の円形で打ち抜いた電極を用いて、1.7671cm2の円形で切断したリチウム金属薄膜を対電極にして、コイン型ハーフセルを製造した。具体的に、前記リチウム金属と電極との間に50μmの固体電解質膜(PEO+LiFSI、モル比20:1)を介在させて電極組立体を製造し、これを用いてコインセルを製造した。
電極活物質としてのNCM811(LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2)、VGCF及び第1高分子固体電解質(PEO+LiFSI、モル比20:1)を90:3:7の重量比で混合したことを除き、実施例1と同じ方法で電極及び電池を製造した。
電極活物質としてのNCM811(LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2)、VGCF、及び第1高分子固体電解質(ポリプロピレンカーボネート(PPC)+LiFSI、モル比20:1)を90:3:7の重量比で混合したことを除き、実施例1と同じ方法で電極及び電池を製造した。
(1)電極の製造
電極活物質としてNCM811(LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2)、導電材としてVGCF、及び高分子固体電解質(PEO+LiFSI、モル比20:1)を82:2.8:15.2の重量比で混合し、アセトニトリルに投入し撹拌して電極スラリーを製造した。厚さ20μmの銅集電体を用意し、該集電体に前記電極スラリーを塗布した後、120℃で4時間真空乾燥させた。圧延工程を経て、2mAh/cm2の電極ローディング、電極層の厚さ48μm、気孔度10%の電極を製造した。
(2)電池の製造
1.4875cm2の円形で打ち抜いた電極を用いて、1.7671cm2の円形で切断したリチウム金属薄膜を対電極にして、コイン型ハーフセルを製造した。具体的に、前記リチウム金属と電極との間に50μmの固体電解質膜(PEO+LiFSI、モル比20:1)を介在させて電極組立体を製造し、これを用いてコインセルを製造した。
電極活物質としてNCM811、導電材としてVGCF、及び高分子固体電解質(PEO+LiFSI、モル比20:1)を82:5.5:12.5の重量比で混合して使用したことを除き、比較例1と同じ方法で電極及び電池を製造した。
電極活物質としてNCM811、導電材としてVGCF、及び高分子固体電解質(PEO/PPC(1:1)+LiFSI、モル比20:1)を82:5.5:12.5の重量比で混合して使用したことを除き、比較例1と同じ方法で電極及び電池を製造した。
(1)電極の製造
電極活物質としてNCM811(LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2)、導電材としてVGCF、及び第1高分子固体電解質(PEO+LiFSI、モル比20:1)を90:3:7の重量比で混合し、アセトニトリルに投入し撹拌して電極スラリーを製造した。厚さ20μmの銅集電体を用意し、該集電体に前記スラリーを塗布した後、120℃で4時間真空乾燥させた。圧延工程を経て、2mAh/cm2の電極ローディング、電極層の厚さ48μm、気孔度25%の電極を製造した。このような過程を通じて、活物質の表面に導電材と固体電解質がコーティングされた構造が形成された。一方、電極内のイオン伝達を改善するため、第2高分子固体電解質(PEO+LiFSI、モル比20:1)溶液を製造し、上記のように製造した電極を含浸させた後、120℃で4時間真空乾燥させた。含浸の後、気孔度10%の最終的な電極を収得した。
(2)電池の製造
1.4875cm2の円形で打ち抜いた電極を用いて、1.7671cm2の円形で切断したリチウム金属薄膜を対電極にして、コイン型ハーフセルを製造した。具体的に、前記リチウム金属と電極との間に50μmの固体電解質膜(PEO+LiFSI、モル比20:1)を介在させて電極組立体を製造し、これを用いてコインセルを製造した。
実施例1〜3及び比較例1〜4で製造した電極の電気抵抗をMPテスタで測定して比べた。その結果を下記表1及び2に示した。
実施例1〜3及び比較例1〜4の電池に対して充・放電を行い、初期放電容量及び容量維持率を評価した。一方、寿命特性を評価するとき、60℃、0.05Cで充・放電し、30回サイクルは放電状態で終了し、容量維持率を評価した。
充電条件:CC(定電流)/CV(定電圧)、(4.0Vまたは4.25V、0.005C電流カットオフ)
放電条件:CC(定電流)条件3V
容量維持率は、一回目の放電容量に対する30サイクル後の放電容量の比を計算によって導出した。その結果を下記表1及び2に示した。
実施例1〜3及び比較例1〜4の電池に対して出力特性を評価した。0.05C、4.0Vに対する0.2Cでの容量で評価した。その結果を下記表1及び2に示した。
110:集電体
120:電極活物質層
121:電極活物質粒子
122:第1被覆層及び第2被覆層
122a:第1被覆層
122b:第2被覆層
123:導電材
130:電気噴霧
131:電極製造用スラリー
140:スプレー型ノズル
141:液体高分子電解質
Claims (7)
- 複数の電極活物質粒子、バインダー樹脂及び/または第1高分子電解質、第2高分子電解質、及び導電材を含み、前記電極活物質粒子は第1高分子電解質と導電材との混合物を含む第1被覆層によって電極活物質粒子表面の少なくとも一部が被覆され、前記第2高分子電解質は前記第1被覆層の表面及び/または前記電極活物質粒子の表面の少なくとも一部を被覆し、複数の電極活物質粒子は前記第1高分子電解質及び第2高分子電解質の少なくとも1つによって互いに結着して一体化された構造を有する、全固体電池用電極。
- 前記第1高分子電解質と第2高分子電解質とが互いに同じであるか又は相異なるものである、請求項1に記載の全固体電池用電極。
- 前記第1高分子電解質と第2高分子電解質とが相異なるものである、請求項1に記載の全固体電池用電極。
- (S10)第1高分子電解質、導電材及び複数の電極活物質粒子を含む電極製造用スラリーを用意する段階;
(S20)前記スラリーを集電体の表面にコーティングする段階;及び
(S30)前記(S20)の結果物を第2高分子電解質に含浸させる段階を含む、全固体電池用電極の製造方法。 - 前記(S20)の結果物は、電極活物質粒子の表面の少なくとも一部が前記第1高分子電解質で被覆されたものである、請求項4に記載の全固体電池用電極の製造方法。
- (S40)前記(S30)で得られた結果物を乾燥する段階をさらに含み、前記(S40)の結果物は複数の電極活物質粒子が前記第1高分子電解質及び第2高分子電解質の少なくとも1つによって互いに結着して一体化された構造を有する電極である、請求項4に記載の全固体電池用電極の製造方法。
- 前記(S20)段階が、電気噴霧の方法で行われる、請求項4に記載の全固体電池用電極の製造方法。
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JP6821011B2 (ja) | 2021-01-27 |
CN109565034A (zh) | 2019-04-02 |
EP3467908A1 (en) | 2019-04-10 |
US10868296B2 (en) | 2020-12-15 |
EP3467908A4 (en) | 2019-08-14 |
EP3467908B1 (en) | 2024-03-06 |
EP4287337A3 (en) | 2024-03-06 |
EP4287337A2 (en) | 2023-12-06 |
ES2973808T3 (es) | 2024-06-24 |
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