JP2018006046A - リチウムイオン二次電池 - Google Patents
リチウムイオン二次電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2018006046A JP2018006046A JP2016128117A JP2016128117A JP2018006046A JP 2018006046 A JP2018006046 A JP 2018006046A JP 2016128117 A JP2016128117 A JP 2016128117A JP 2016128117 A JP2016128117 A JP 2016128117A JP 2018006046 A JP2018006046 A JP 2018006046A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ion secondary
- lithium ion
- secondary battery
- positive electrode
- carboxylic acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- -1 nitrile compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 125000003262 carboxylic acid ester group Chemical class [H]C([H])([*:2])OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 claims abstract 12
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 44
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 44
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 42
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 28
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 25
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 18
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 16
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 16
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-sulfanylethyl)isoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(CCS)C(=O)C2=C1 UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzylpyrrolidine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(C(=O)N)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 6
- OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanoic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OCC OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 6
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 5
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XUPYJHCZDLZNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCC XUPYJHCZDLZNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 125000002573 ethenylidene group Chemical group [*]=C=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
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- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC([O-])=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Propane sultone Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCO1 FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OMQHDIHZSDEIFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Acetyldihydro-2(3H)-furanone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1CCOC1=O OMQHDIHZSDEIFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrocyanic acid Natural products N#C LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isothiocyanatocyclopropane Chemical compound S=C=NC1CC1 JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910015645 LiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013825 LiNi0.33Co0.33Mn0.33O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013872 LiPF Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 101150058243 Lipf gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QOTQFLOTGBBMEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-angelica lactone Chemical compound CC1=CCC(=O)O1 QOTQFLOTGBBMEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyric acid octyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium dihydrogen borate oxalic acid Chemical compound B([O-])(O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.[Li+] DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- MLRCLPRHEOPXLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecanenitrile Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC#N MLRCLPRHEOPXLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
Description
まず、図1を参照して、本発明の一実施形態に係るリチウムイオン二次電池10の構成について説明する。
続いて、リチウムイオン二次電池10の製造方法について説明する。ただし、リチウムイオン二次電池10の製造方法は、以下の方法に制限されず、公知の他の製造方法を適用することも可能である。
(実施例1)
実施例1に係るリチウムイオン二次電池を以下の方法にて製造した。
正極活物質として、100質量%のLiCoO2に替えて、80質量%のLiCoO2と、20質量%のLiNi0.33Co0.33Mn0.33O2との混合物を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で、実施例2に係るリチウムイオン二次電池を製造した。
電解液において、分子量が110以上のニトリル化合物をそれぞれ変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で、実施例3〜5に係るリチウムイオン二次電池を製造した。なお、用いたニトリル化合物は、表1に示す。
電解液において、プロピオン酸プロピル(PP)に替えて、酢酸ブチル(EB)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で、実施例6に係るリチウムイオン二次電池を製造した。
正極活物質として、100質量%のLiCoO2に替えて、60質量%のLiCoO2と、40質量%のLiNi0.33Co0.33Mn0.33O2との混合物を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で、比較例1に係るリチウムイオン二次電池を製造した。
電解液において、プロピオン酸エチル(EP)、およびプロピオン酸プロピル(PP)の含有量の割合をそれぞれ変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で、比較例2〜4に係るリチウムイオン二次電池を製造した。なお、変更後のプロピオン酸エチル(EP)、およびプロピオン酸プロピル(PP)の含有量の割合は、表1に示す。
電解液において、分子量が110以上のニトリル化合物を、分子量が110未満のニトリル化合物に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で、比較例5に係るリチウムイオン二次電池を製造した。なお、用いたニトリル化合物は、表1に示す。
電解液において、プロピオン酸エチル(EP)に替えて、それぞれ他の溶媒を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で、比較例6〜8に係るリチウムイオン二次電池を製造した。なお、用いた溶媒は、表1に示す。
また、リチウムイオン二次電池の設計容量を520mAhに変更することで、エネルギー密度が高いリチウムイオン二次電池における本発明の効果を検討した。
電解液において、プロピオン酸エチル(EP)、およびプロピオン酸プロピル(PP)の含有量の割合を体積比で20:50とした以外は、実施例7と同様の方法で、比較例9に係るリチウムイオン二次電池を製造した。比較例9に係るリチウムイオン二次電池の設計容量は、実施例7と同様に520mAhである。
上記にて製造した実施例1〜7、および比較例1〜9に係るリチウムイオン二次電池について、電解液の粘度、サイクル特性、および高温保存による厚み増加を評価した。実施例1〜6、および比較例1〜8の評価結果を表1に示し、実施例7および比較例9の評価結果を表2に示す。
各リチウムイオン二次電池の電解液の粘度は、回転式粘度計(ブルックフィールド社製デジタル粘度計LVDV−E)を用い、20℃の環境下で、回転数60rpmにて測定した。測定結果を表1および表2に示す。
45℃の環境下で、各リチウムイオン二次電池を90mAの定電流で4.4Vになるまで充電した後、4.4Vの定電圧で電流値が11mAになるまで定電圧充電を行った。その後、90mAの定電流で3.0Vまで放電させ、初期充放電を行った。
まず、上記のように1サイクル目の充放電を行った後、各リチウムイオン二次電池を450mAの定電流で4.4Vになるまで充電し、4.4Vの定電圧で電流値が11mAになるまで定電圧充電を行った。続いて、充電後の各リチウムイオン二次電池の厚み(最も厚い箇所)をノギス等で測定し、保存前の電池厚みを測定した。その後、各リチウムイオン二次電池を60℃の恒温槽内に20日間放置し、放置後の各リチウムイオン二次電池の厚み(最も厚い箇所)をノギス等で測定し、保存後の電池厚みを測定した。
上記で評価した結果を以下の表1および表2に示す。
20 正極
21 集電体
22 正極活物質層
30 負極
31 集電体
32 負極活物質層
40 セパレータ層
41 セパレータ
43 電解液
Claims (9)
- コバルト酸リチウムを正極活物質の総質量に対して75質量%以上で含有する正極と、
2種のカルボン酸エステルと、分子量が110以上のニトリル化合物とを含有する電解液と、
を備え、
前記2種のカルボン酸エステルのうち、粘度が低い一方のカルボン酸エステルの含有量は、粘度が高い他方のカルボン酸エステルの含有量よりも多く、
前記電解液の20℃での粘度は、4.0mPa・s以上である、リチウムイオン二次電池。 - 前記2種のカルボン酸エステルは、いずれも鎖状カルボン酸エステルである、請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
- 前記一方のカルボン酸エステルの20℃での粘度は、0.50mPa・s以上0.64mPa・s以下である、請求項1または2に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
- 前記他方のカルボン酸エステルの20℃での粘度は、0.65mPa・s以上0.75mPa・s以下である、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
- 前記正極の圧延後の正極活物質層の密度は、4.0g/cm3以上4.3g/cm3以下である、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
- 前記正極の圧延後の正極活物質層の密度は、4.2g/cm3以上4.3g/cm3以下である、請求項5に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
- 満充電時における前記正極の電位は、リチウムに対して、4.4V以上である、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
- 前記正極と対向する負極と、
前記正極と、前記負極との間で挟持されたセパレータ層と、
をさらに備え、
前記正極または前記負極の少なくともいずれかと、前記セパレータ層との間には、ポリマー層が設けられる、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。 - 前記リチウムイオン二次電池の外装材は、ラミネート構造を有する樹脂フィルムである、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
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