JP2017226608A - 自己組織化し得る多環式芳香族化合物およびそれを用いた有機el素子 - Google Patents
自己組織化し得る多環式芳香族化合物およびそれを用いた有機el素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017226608A JP2017226608A JP2016123100A JP2016123100A JP2017226608A JP 2017226608 A JP2017226608 A JP 2017226608A JP 2016123100 A JP2016123100 A JP 2016123100A JP 2016123100 A JP2016123100 A JP 2016123100A JP 2017226608 A JP2017226608 A JP 2017226608A
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- aromatic compound
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- polycyclic aromatic
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- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
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- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- UVEAFTFQMHUWEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;1,2,4,5-tetrafluoro-3,6-dioxocyclohexane-1,2,4,5-tetracarbonitrile Chemical compound C.C.N#CC1(F)C(=O)C(F)(C#N)C(F)(C#N)C(=O)C1(F)C#N UVEAFTFQMHUWEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- XNLCINMGJXZRCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-bis(4-phenylphenyl)-4-[2-[4-(4-phenyl-n-(4-phenylphenyl)anilino)phenyl]ethenyl]aniline Chemical compound C=1C=C(N(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1C=CC(C=C1)=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C=C1)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 XNLCINMGJXZRCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LKGJCLPKCSMVMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diphenyl-10-[4-(n-phenylanilino)naphthalen-1-yl]anthracen-9-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C(C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N(C=3C=CC=CC=3)C=3C=CC=CC=3)=C3C=CC=CC3=2)=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 LKGJCLPKCSMVMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMYGJDWWPZOCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diphenyl-4-[10-[4-(n-phenylanilino)phenyl]anthracen-9-yl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C2C=CC=CC2=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 VMYGJDWWPZOCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUXHZYJQZZKWHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diphenyl-4-[4-(n-phenylanilino)phenyl]naphthalen-1-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C(N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUXHZYJQZZKWHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BBPWMDBTJRZHJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diphenyl-6-[4-(n-phenylanilino)phenyl]naphthalen-2-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C=1C=C2C=CC(=CC2=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 BBPWMDBTJRZHJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FWORJTDMYDOYQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diphenyl-6-[4-[4-[4-[6-(n-phenylanilino)naphthalen-2-yl]phenyl]phenyl]phenyl]naphthalen-2-amine Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=C2C=CC(=CC2=CC=1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C=1C=C2C=CC(=CC2=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 FWORJTDMYDOYQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKECJJVYVFYJRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diphenyl-6-[4-[4-[6-(n-phenylanilino)naphthalen-2-yl]phenyl]phenyl]naphthalen-2-amine Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=C2C=CC(=CC2=CC=1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C=1C=C2C=CC(=CC2=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NKECJJVYVFYJRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RHQMPGSJRXCZBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[2-[4-(dinaphthalen-2-ylamino)phenyl]ethenyl]phenyl]-n-naphthalen-2-ylnaphthalen-2-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(N(C=3C=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=3)C3=CC=C(C=C3)C=CC=3C=CC(=CC=3)N(C=3C=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=3)C=3C=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=3)=CC=C21 RHQMPGSJRXCZBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMBKUKCCQLBJRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[2-[4-(n-naphthalen-2-ylanilino)phenyl]ethenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylnaphthalen-2-amine Chemical compound C=1C=C(N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=C3C=CC=CC3=CC=2)C=CC=1C=CC(C=C1)=CC=C1N(C=1C=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 WMBKUKCCQLBJRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFIQKTXFWZQWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[2-[4-(n-phenanthren-9-ylanilino)phenyl]ethenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylphenanthren-9-amine Chemical compound C=1C=C(N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C3C=2)C=CC=1C=CC(C=C1)=CC=C1N(C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2C=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZFIQKTXFWZQWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-(n-naphthalen-1-ylanilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2)C=C1 IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002790 naphthalenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005054 naphthyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxadiazole Chemical compound C1=CON=N1 WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002916 oxazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002941 palladium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SLIUAWYAILUBJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentacene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C=C4C=C3C=C21 SLIUAWYAILUBJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003933 pentacenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C=C4C=C3C=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004225 phenalen-1-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C2=C3C(C([H])=C([H])C([H])(*)C3=C([H])C([H])=C2[H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- FIZIRKROSLGMPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenoxazin-1-one Chemical group C1=CC=C2N=C3C(=O)C=CC=C3OC2=C1 FIZIRKROSLGMPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001644 phenoxazinyl group Chemical class C1(=CC=CC=2OC3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 229920006287 phenoxy resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013034 phenoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003356 phenylsulfanyl group Chemical group [*]SC1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- XKJCHHZQLQNZHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalimide Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1 XKJCHHZQLQNZHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001490 poly(butyl methacrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004033 porphyrin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011698 potassium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003270 potassium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003216 pyrazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003217 pyrazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001732 pyren-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C2=C([H])C([H])=C3C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C4C([H])=C([H])C(=C1[H])C2=C34 0.000 description 1
- 125000001486 pyren-4-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(C2=C34)C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C2C([*])=C([H])C3=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C4=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003220 pyrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BXEMXLDMNMKWPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1.C1=CC=NC=C1 BXEMXLDMNMKWPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003233 pyrroles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WVIICGIFSIBFOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrylium Chemical class C1=CC=[O+]C=C1 WVIICGIFSIBFOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003248 quinolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium ethoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC[O-] QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNFWTIYUKDMAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sphos Chemical group COC1=CC=CC(OC)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 VNFWTIYUKDMAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KJVQYDYPDFFJMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamethylthiazole Chemical compound CC1=CSC(NS(=O)(=O)C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=N1 KJVQYDYPDFFJMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950005939 sulfamethylthiazole Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=C21 IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003518 tetracenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005756 tetralinylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000007979 thiazole derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003557 thiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K tri(quinolin-8-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000005259 triarylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WLPUWLXVBWGYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclohexylphosphine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 WLPUWLXVBWGYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- PWYVVBKROXXHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl-[3-(1-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetraphenylsilol-1-yl)propyl]azanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].C[N+](C)(C)CCC[Si]1(C)C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 PWYVVBKROXXHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OPSWAWSNPREEFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K triphenoxyalumane Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 OPSWAWSNPREEFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001651 triphenylamine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005580 triphenylene group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000404 tripotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019798 tripotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WGWZJNILGYTDHU-UHFFFAOYSA-K tris(3,5-dimethylphenoxy)alumane Chemical compound CC=1C=C([O-])C=C(C1)C.[Al+3].CC=1C=C([O-])C=C(C1)C.CC=1C=C([O-])C=C(C1)C WGWZJNILGYTDHU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- BWHDROKFUHTORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritert-butylphosphane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C BWHDROKFUHTORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ORHBXUUXSCNDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N umbelliferone Chemical class C1=CC(=O)OC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 ORHBXUUXSCNDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001834 xanthenyl group Chemical class C1=CC=CC=2OC3=CC=CC=C3C(C12)* 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
- H10K50/16—Electron transporting layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/17—Carrier injection layers
- H10K50/171—Electron injection layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/615—Polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. anthracene
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/654—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom comprising only nitrogen as heteroatom
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
- Pyridine Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Ar1、Ar2およびAr3はそれぞれ独立して炭素数10〜20の2価の芳香族基であり、Ar1、Ar2およびAr3における少なくとも1つの水素はメチル基で置換されていてもよく、
Ar1、Ar2およびAr3の炭素数の合計は30〜38であり、
Py1およびPy2は、それぞれ独立して、2,5−ピリジンジイル、2,5−ピラジンジイル、2,5−ピリミジンジイルまたは2,5−ピリダジンジイルであり、Py1およびPy2における少なくとも1つの水素はメチル基で置換されていてもよく、
Ar1と結合するPy1およびPy2の間の結合軸が成す角度は120〜240度であり、
R1およびR2はそれぞれ独立してヘキシル基またはヘプチル基であり、当該ヘキシル基またはヘプチル基における任意のメチレン基(−CH2−)は−O−または−S−で置き換わっていてもよい。)
前記多環式芳香族化合物を含有する有機材料を0.01〜20.0nm/秒で蒸着することにより、自己組織化した多環式芳香族化合物を含有する有機層を形成する、有機電界発光素子の製造方法。
本願発明は、下記一般式(1)で表される多環式芳香族化合物である。
Ar1、Ar2およびAr3はそれぞれ独立して炭素数10〜20の2価の芳香族基であり、Ar1、Ar2およびAr3における少なくとも1つの水素はメチル基で置換されていてもよく、
Ar1、Ar2およびAr3の炭素数の合計は30〜38であり、
Py1およびPy2は、それぞれ独立して、2,5−ピリジンジイル、2,5−ピラジンジイル、2,5−ピリミジンジイルまたは2,5−ピリダジンジイルであり、Py1およびPy2における少なくとも1つの水素はメチル基で置換されていてもよく、
Ar1と結合するPy1およびPy2の間の結合軸が成す角度は120〜240度であり、
R1およびR2はそれぞれ独立してヘキシル基またはヘプチル基であり、当該ヘキシル基またはヘプチル基における任意のメチレン基(−CH2−)は−O−または−S−で置き換わっていてもよい。
Ar1、Ar2およびAr3は、炭素数10〜20の2価の芳香族基であり、脂肪族環が縮合していてもよいが構造全体として平面性が高いか、または平面的であることが必要である。二環以上からなる場合には全て芳香族環が縮合してできた構造が好ましく、これにより縮環式芳香族基の平面性をより高めることができるため、分子間力がより高まって耐アニール性をより向上させることができる。一方で、一部に脂肪族環が縮合した構造の場合は、発光効率を高めることができる場合もあるため、Ar1、Ar2およびAr3の全体構造はこれらのバランスを考慮して設計することが好ましく、Ar1、Ar2、およびAr3の炭素数の合計は、30〜38であり、30〜34がより好ましい。
式(1)中のPy1およびPy2としては、それぞれ独立して、2,5−ピリジンジイル、2,5−ピラジンジイル、2,5−ピリミジンジイル、または2,5−ピリダジンジイルであり、2,5−ピリジンジイルが特に好ましい。また少なくとも1つのメチル基で置換されていてもよく、メチル基が置換した形態としては、3−メチル−2,5−ピリジンジイル、4−メチル−2,5−ピリジンジイル、6−メチル−2,5−ピリジンジイル、3,4−ジメチル−2,5−ピリジンジイル、3,6−ジメチル−2,5−ピリジンジイル、4,6−ジメチル−2,5−ピリジンジイル、または3,4,6−トリメチル−2,5−ピリジンジイルが好ましい。
Ar1と結合するPy1およびPy2の間の結合軸が成す角度は120〜240度であり、好ましくは140〜220度であり、より好ましくは160〜200度であり、特に好ましくは180度である。2つの結合軸が成す角度を120〜240度にすると、分子配向の乱れが減り、熱によるモルフォロジー変化の減少が期待できる。
R1およびR2は、ヘキシル基またはヘプチル基であり、直鎖が好ましく、同じ基であることがより好ましい。
本発明の多環式芳香族化合物は、分子の適切な位置に、適切な数の、適切な鎖長の、直鎖のアルキル基を配置し、分子の適切な位置に、適切な数の、適切な大きさの芳香族基を対称的に配置し、また複数のヘテロ原子を対称的に配置することによって安定性の高い自己組織化が可能となる。アルキル基または芳香族基(以下、ここではヘテロ原子を含有するヘテロ芳香族基を含む)が配置される適切な位置や数とは、分子のアルキル基または芳香族環部分同士の相互作用が有効に働く距離に自己組織化させるのに適した位置や数であり、多環式芳香族化合物の構造に応じて異なる。不適切な位置に置換したアルキル基または芳香族基、必要以上の数のアルキル基または芳香族基は、アルキル基同士または芳香族環同士の相互作用の方向を制限したり、アルキル基同士または芳香族環同士の相互作用を弱めてしまったり、不均衡な相互作用により組織化の安定性が低下する要因となる。また、アルキル基の適切な鎖長とは、アルキル基が短すぎる場合には自己組織化が起こりにくく、アルキル基が長すぎる場合はアルキル基の折りたたみにより自己組織化の効果が薄れ、すなわち分子の芳香族環部分同士の相互作用が弱くなるため、これらの間の鎖長が適切な鎖長である。適切な大きさの芳香族基も安定な自己組織化のために不可欠であり、組織化後に加えられる熱エネルギーに耐える必要がある。大きな芳香族基の数が多くなると分子間相互作用が大きくなりすぎ、昇華エネルギーが熱分解エネルギーを超えて蒸着時に材料の分解を引き起こすことになる。芳香族基を分子内で適度に対称的に配置することは熱によって変化しにくい安定な組織を形成させることに重要であり、ヘテロ原子を分子内で対称的に配置させることは分子の双極子モーメントを小さくし、誘電分極による駆動電圧上昇の抑制に寄与する。
自己組織化を行わせるために必要なエネルギーは、蒸着時の分子の衝突または素子作製中に加えられる熱エネルギーにより賄われる。分子の衝突とは、蒸着源から飛び出た分子が基板または基板上に成膜された分子と衝突することである。飛行分子の運動エネルギーが衝突によって熱エネルギーに変換され、放熱分を差し引いた熱エネルギーが自己組織化に用いられる。従って、成膜速度が速いほど、熱が貯えられ、自己組織化が促進される。また材料分子の炭素数が多いほど昇華潜熱が大きくなり、蒸着源から飛び出た分子の熱エネルギーも大きくなるため、自己組織化が促進される。但し、昇華潜熱は分子の熱分解エネルギーを超えてはならず、材料分子の炭素数には上限がある。成膜速度は、材料分子の構造やアルキル鎖長などによっても異なり、特に限定されることはないが、0.01nm/秒〜20.0nm/秒である。成膜速度を好ましくは0.2nm/秒以上、より好ましくは0.5nm/秒以上、さらに好ましくは1nm/秒以上とすることで自己組織化の程度を高めることができる。
一般式(1)で表される多環式芳香族化合物は、公知の方法によりハロゲン化アリール(またはアリールトリフラート)とアリールボロン酸(またはアリール金属化合物やボロン酸エステル)を出発原料として、鈴木・宮浦カップリング、熊田・玉尾・コリューカップリング、根岸カップリング、薗頭・萩原カップリング、ハロゲン化反応、脱保護反応、トリフラート化反応、またはホウ酸化反応などを適宜組み合わせて合成することができる。
本発明に係る多環式芳香族化合物は、例えば、有機電界発光素子の材料として用いることができる。以下に、本実施形態に係る有機EL素子について図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。図1は、本実施形態に係る有機EL素子を示す概略断面図である。
図1に示された有機電界発光素子100は、基板101と、基板101上に設けられた陽極102と、陽極102の上に設けられた正孔注入層103と、正孔注入層103の上に設けられた正孔輸送層104と、正孔輸送層104の上に設けられた発光層105と、発光層105の上に設けられた電子輸送層106と、電子輸送層106の上に設けられた電子注入層107と、電子注入層107の上に設けられた陰極108とを有する。
基板101は、有機電界発光素子100の支持体となるものであり、通常、石英、ガラス、金属、プラスチックなどが用いられる。基板101は、目的に応じて板状、フィルム状、またはシート状に形成され、例えば、ガラス板、金属板、金属箔、プラスチックフィルム、プラスチックシートなどが用いられる。なかでも、ガラス板、および、ポリエステル、ポリメタクリレート、ポリカーボネート、ポリスルホンなどの透明な合成樹脂製の板が好ましい。ガラス基板であれば、ソーダライムガラスや無アルカリガラスなどが用いられ、また、厚みも機械的強度を保つのに十分な厚みがあればよいので、例えば、0.2mm以上あればよい。厚さの上限値としては、例えば、2mm以下、好ましくは1mm以下である。ガラスの材質については、ガラスからの溶出イオンが少ない方がよいので無アルカリガラスの方が好ましいが、SiO2などのバリアコートを施したソーダライムガラスも市販されているのでこれを使用することができる。また、基板101には、ガスバリア性を高めるために、少なくとも片面に緻密なシリコン酸化膜などのガスバリア膜を設けてもよく、特にガスバリア性が低い合成樹脂製の板、フィルムまたはシートを基板101として用いる場合にはガスバリア膜を設けるのが好ましい。
陽極102は、発光層105へ正孔を注入する役割を果たすものである。なお、陽極102と発光層105との間に正孔注入層103および/または正孔輸送層104が設けられている場合には、これらを介して発光層105へ正孔を注入することになる。
正孔注入層103は、陽極102から移動してくる正孔を、効率よく発光層105内または正孔輸送層104内に注入する役割を果たすものである。正孔輸送層104は、陽極102から注入された正孔または陽極102から正孔注入層103を介して注入された正孔を、効率よく発光層105に輸送する役割を果たすものである。正孔注入層103および正孔輸送層104は、それぞれ、正孔注入・輸送材料の一種または二種以上を積層、混合するか、正孔注入・輸送材料と高分子結着剤の混合物により形成される。また、正孔注入・輸送材料に塩化鉄(III)のような無機塩を添加して層を形成してもよい。
発光層105は、電界を与えられた電極間において、陽極102から注入された正孔と、陰極108から注入された電子とを再結合させることにより発光するものである。発光層105を形成する材料としては、正孔と電子との再結合によって励起されて発光する化合物(発光性化合物)であればよく、安定な薄膜形状を形成することができ、かつ、固体状態で強い発光(蛍光)効率を示す化合物であるのが好ましい。本発明では、発光層用の材料として、上記一般式(1)で表される多環式芳香族化合物を用いることができる。
また、特開2003-347056号公報、および特開2001-307884号公報などに記載されたスチルベン構造を有するアミンを用いてもよい。
また、特開平11-97178号公報、特開2000-133457号公報、特開2000-26324号公報、特開2001-267079号公報、特開2001-267078号公報、特開2001-267076号公報、特開2000-34234号公報、特開2001-267075号公報、および特開2001-217077号公報などに記載されたペリレン誘導体を用いてもよい。
また、国際公開第2000/40586号パンフレットなどに記載されたボラン誘導体を用いてもよい。
また、特開2006-156888号公報などに記載された芳香族アミン誘導体を用いてもよい。
また、特開2004-43646号公報、特開2001-76876号公報、および特開平6-298758号公報などに記載されたクマリン誘導体を用いてもよい。
電子注入層107は、陰極108から移動してくる電子を、効率よく発光層105内または電子輸送層106内に注入する役割を果たすものである。電子輸送層106は、陰極108から注入された電子または陰極108から電子注入層107を介して注入された電子を、効率よく発光層105に輸送する役割を果たすものである。電子輸送層106および電子注入層107は、それぞれ、電子輸送・注入材料の一種または二種以上を積層、混合するか、電子輸送・注入材料と高分子結着剤の混合物により形成される。
陰極108は、電子注入層107および電子輸送層106を介して、発光層105に電子を注入する役割を果たすものである。
以上の正孔注入層、正孔輸送層、発光層、電子輸送層および電子注入層に用いられる材料は単独で各層を形成することができるが、高分子結着剤としてポリ塩化ビニル、ポリカーボネート、ポリスチレン、ポリ(N−ビニルカルバゾール)、ポリメチルメタクリレート、ポリブチルメタクリレート、ポリエステル、ポリスルホン、ポリフェニレンオキサイド、ポリブタジエン、炭化水素樹脂、ケトン樹脂、フェノキシ樹脂、ポリアミド、エチルセルロース、酢酸ビニル樹脂、ABS樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂などの溶剤可溶性樹脂や、フェノール樹脂、キシレン樹脂、石油樹脂、ユリア樹脂、メラミン樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、アルキド樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、シリコーン樹脂などの硬化性樹脂などに分散させて用いることも可能である。
有機電界発光素子を構成する各層は、各層を構成すべき材料を蒸着法、抵抗加熱蒸着、電子ビーム蒸着、スパッタリング、分子積層法、印刷法、スピンコート法またはキャスト法、コーティング法などの方法で薄膜とすることにより、形成することができる。このようにして形成された各層の膜厚については特に限定はなく、材料の性質に応じて適宜設定することができるが、通常2nm〜5000nmの範囲である。膜厚は通常、水晶発振式膜厚測定装置などで測定できる。蒸着法を用いて薄膜化する場合、その蒸着条件は、材料の種類、膜の目的とする結晶構造および会合構造などにより異なる。蒸着条件は一般的に、蒸着用ルツボの加熱温度+50〜+400℃、真空度10−6〜10−3Pa、蒸着速度0.01〜50nm/秒、基板温度−150〜+300℃、膜厚2nm〜5μmの範囲で適宜設定することが好ましい。
また、本発明は、有機電界発光素子を備えた表示装置または有機電界発光素子を備えた照明装置などにも応用することができる。
有機電界発光素子を備えた表示装置または照明装置は、本実施形態にかかる有機電界発光素子と公知の駆動装置とを接続するなど公知の方法によって製造することができ、直流駆動、パルス駆動、交流駆動など公知の駆動方法を適宜用いて駆動することができる。
[中間体1]
[合成例1] (化合物(1−1)の合成)
1H−NMR(CDCl3):δ=0.91(t,6H,J=7.1Hz),1.34−1.43(m,12H),1.73−1.79(m,4H),2.83(t,4H,J=7.6Hz),7.41−7.46(m,6H),7.70(s,2H),7.81−7.83(m,4H),7.94−7.98(m,6H),8.17−8.19(m,2H),8.31(dd,2H,J=8.5Hz,1.8Hz),8.66(s,2H),8.88−8.90(m,2H).
1H−NMR(CDCl3):δ=0.90(t,6H,J=6.9Hz),1.33−1.41(m,12H),1.71−1.77(m,4H),2.81(t,4H,J=7.6Hz),7.40(d,2H,J=8.4Hz),7.54−7.56(m,2H),7.60(s,2H),7.68(s,2H),7.91−8.06(m,10H),8.22−8.24(m,2H),8.58(s,2H),8.94(d,2H,J=1.5Hz).
実施例1および実施例2に係る有機EL素子を作製し、それぞれ電流密度10mA/cm2印加時の駆動電圧(V)および外部量子効率(%)を測定した後、定電流駆動したときの輝度保持時間を測定した。また、アニール処理した後の有機EL素子についても、電流密度10mA/cm2印加時の駆動電圧(V)を測定した。以下、実施例について詳細に説明する。
スパッタリングにより180nmの厚さに製膜したITOを150nmまで研磨した、26mm×28mm×0.7mmのガラス基板((株)オプトサイエンス製)を透明支持基板とした。この透明支持基板を市販の蒸着装置(昭和真空(株)製)の基板ホルダーに固定し、HI−1を入れたモリブデン製蒸着用ボート、HI−2を入れたモリブデン製蒸着用ボート、HTを入れたモリブデン製蒸着用ボート、BHを入れたモリブデン製蒸着用ボート、BDを入れたモリブデン製蒸着用ボート、化合物(1−1)を入れたモリブデン製蒸着用ボート、Liqを入れたモリブデン製蒸着用ボート、マグネシウムを入れたモリブデン製蒸着用ボートおよび銀を入れたモリブデン製蒸着用ボートを装着した。
化合物(1−1)の入った蒸着用ボートとLiqの入った蒸着用ボートを同時に加熱して膜厚30nmになるように蒸着して電子輸送層を形成した以外は実施例1に準じた方法で有機EL素子を得た。なお、化合物(1−1)とLiqの重量比がおよそ1:1になるように蒸着速度を調節した。
101 基板
102 陽極
103 正孔注入層
104 正孔輸送層
105 発光層
106 電子輸送層
107 電子注入層
108 陰極
Claims (15)
- 下記一般式(1)で表される多環式芳香族化合物。
Ar1、Ar2およびAr3はそれぞれ独立して炭素数10〜20の2価の芳香族基であり、Ar1、Ar2およびAr3における少なくとも1つの水素はメチル基で置換されていてもよく、
Ar1、Ar2およびAr3の炭素数の合計は30〜38であり、
Py1およびPy2は、それぞれ独立して、2,5−ピリジンジイル、2,5−ピラジンジイル、2,5−ピリミジンジイルまたは2,5−ピリダジンジイルであり、Py1およびPy2における少なくとも1つの水素はメチル基で置換されていてもよく、
Ar1と結合するPy1およびPy2の間の結合軸が成す角度は120〜240度であり、
R1およびR2はそれぞれ独立してヘキシル基またはヘプチル基であり、当該ヘキシル基またはヘプチル基における任意のメチレン基(−CH2−)は−O−または−S−で置き換わっていてもよい。) - Ar1はナフタレンジイルまたはアントラセンジイルであり、Ar1における少なくとも1つの水素はメチル基で置換されていてもよい、請求項1に記載の多環式芳香族化合物。
- Ar2およびAr3はナフタレンジイルであり、Ar2およびAr3における少なくとも1つの水素はメチル基で置換されていてもよい、請求項1または2に記載の多環式芳香族化合物。
- Py1およびPy2は2,5−ピリジンジイルであり、Py1およびPy2における少なくとも1つの水素はメチル基で置換されていてもよい、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の多環式芳香族化合物。
- Ar1、Ar2およびAr3の炭素数の合計は30〜34である、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の多環式芳香族化合物。
- R1およびR2はヘキシル基である、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の多環式芳香族化合物。
- 下記式(1−1)または式(1−2)で表される、請求項1に記載の多環式芳香族化合物。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の多環式芳香族化合物を含有する電子輸送材料。
- 陽極および陰極からなる一対の電極と、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の多環式芳香族化合物が自己組織化した化合物を含有する有機層を有する、有機電界発光素子。
- 陽極および陰極からなる一対の電極と、該一対の電極間に配置される発光層と、前記陰極と該発光層との間に配置され、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の多環式芳香族化合物が自己組織化した化合物を含有する電子輸送層および/または電子注入層とを有する、有機電界発光素子。
- 前記電子輸送層および電子注入層の少なくとも1つは、さらに、キノリノール系金属錯体、ピリジン誘導体、ビピリジン誘導体、フェナントロリン誘導体、ボラン誘導体およびベンゾイミダゾール誘導体からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含有する、請求項10に記載する有機電界発光素子。
- 前記電子輸送層および電子注入層の少なくとも1つは、さらに、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、希土類金属、アルカリ金属の酸化物、アルカリ金属のハロゲン化物、アルカリ土類金属の酸化物、アルカリ土類金属のハロゲン化物、希土類金属の酸化物、希土類金属のハロゲン化物、アルカリ金属の有機錯体、アルカリ土類金属の有機錯体および希土類金属の有機錯体からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含有する、請求項10または11に記載する有機電界発光素子。
- 請求項9〜12のいずれかに記載する有機電界発光素子を備えた表示装置。
- 請求項9〜12のいずれかに記載する有機電界発光素子を備えた照明装置。
- 陽極および陰極からなる一対の電極と、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の多環式芳香族化合物が自己組織化した化合物を含有する有機層とを有する有機電界発光素子の製造方法であって、
前記多環式芳香族化合物を含有する有機材料を0.01〜20.0nm/秒で蒸着することにより、自己組織化した多環式芳香族化合物を含有する有機層を形成する、有機電界発光素子の製造方法。
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