JP2015120981A - ワイヤ放電イオンプラズマ電子エミッタを含む溶解炉 - Google Patents
ワイヤ放電イオンプラズマ電子エミッタを含む溶解炉 Download PDFInfo
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/16—Remelting metals
- C22B9/22—Remelting metals with heating by wave energy or particle radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/04—Refining by applying a vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/16—Remelting metals
- C22B9/22—Remelting metals with heating by wave energy or particle radiation
- C22B9/228—Remelting metals with heating by wave energy or particle radiation by particle radiation, e.g. electron beams
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/08—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces heated electrically, with or without any other source of heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
- F27B3/20—Arrangements of heating devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
- F27B5/04—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
- F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/02—Details
- H01J37/04—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the discharge, e.g. electron-optical arrangement or ion-optical arrangement
- H01J37/06—Electron sources; Electron guns
- H01J37/077—Electron guns using discharge in gases or vapours as electron sources
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/30—Electron-beam or ion-beam tubes for localised treatment of objects
- H01J37/305—Electron-beam or ion-beam tubes for localised treatment of objects for casting, melting, evaporating, or etching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/16—Remelting metals
- C22B9/22—Remelting metals with heating by wave energy or particle radiation
- C22B9/226—Remelting metals with heating by wave energy or particle radiation by electric discharge, e.g. plasma
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2237/00—Discharge tubes exposing object to beam, e.g. for analysis treatment, etching, imaging
- H01J2237/30—Electron or ion beam tubes for processing objects
- H01J2237/31—Processing objects on a macro-scale
- H01J2237/3128—Melting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (42)
- 電気伝導性金属材料を融解するための装置であって、
真空室と、
前記真空室内に配置された炉床と、
前記真空室内、またはその近傍に配置され、広域電子場を前記室内に向けるように配設される少なくとも1つのワイヤ放電イオンプラズマ電子エミッタであって、前記広域電子場は、前記電気伝導性金属材料をその融解温度まで加熱するのに十分なエネルギーを有する、ワイヤ放電イオンプラズマ電子エミッタと、
前記室と連通し、前記炉床から材料を受け取るように配設される型および噴霧装置のうちの少なくとも1つ、とを備える装置。 - 前記炉床の少なくとも一領域上の位置で、前記電気伝導性材料を前記真空室に導入するように適合された少なくとも1つの送給器をさらに備える、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記送給器は、バー送給器、ワイヤ送給器、および粒子送給器、および顆粒送給器から成る群から選択される、請求項2に記載の装置。
- 前記送給器および前記少なくとも1つのワイヤ放電イオンプラズマ電子エミッタは、前記ワイヤ放電イオンプラズマ電子エミッタによって放出される前記広域電子場が、前記送給器によって前記室に導入される前記電気伝導性金属材料に少なくとも部分的に照射されるように配置される、請求項3に記載の装置。
- 前記炉床は溶融材料保持領域を含み、前記炉床および前記少なくとも1つのワイヤ放電イオンプラズマ電子エミッタは、前記ワイヤ放電イオンプラズマ電子エミッタによって放出される前記広域電子場が前記溶融材料保持領域に少なくとも部分的に照射されるように配置される、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記炉床は、低温炉床および自溶炉床から成る群から選択される、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記炉床は、低温炉床および自溶炉床から成る群から選択される、請求項5に記載の装置。
- 前記型は、静的型、引出型および連続鋳造型から成る群から選択される、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記ワイヤ放電イオンプラズマ電子エミッタは、陽イオンプラズマを生成するように適合されたワイヤ電極を含むプラズマ領域を備える、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記ワイヤ放電イオンプラズマ電子エミッタは、陰極を負に帯電するように適合された高電圧電源に電気的に接続された前記陰極を含む陰極領域をさらに備え、前記陰極は、前記電極によって生成された陽イオンが前記陰極に対して加速され衝突し、前記陰極から広域電子場を解放するように、前記電極に対して配設される、請求項9に記載の装置。
- 前記ワイヤ放電イオンプラズマ電子エミッタは、電子伝達可能なホイルウィンドウをさらに備え、前記ホイルウィンドウは前記室の壁内に配設され、これによって、前記陰極から解放された電子が前記ホイルウィンドウを介して前記室に入ることを可能にする、請求項10に記載の装置。
- 前記ホイルウィンドウは、電子伝達可能チタンホイルおよび電子伝達可能アルミニウムホイルのうちの少なくとも1つを含む、請求項11に記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つのワイヤ放電イオンプラズマ電子エミッタは、前記広域電子場が、電子伝達可能なウィンドウを通過せずに、前記少なくとも1つのワイヤ放電イオンプラズマ電子エミッタから前記真空室に直接通過することができるように、前記真空室に開口している、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記装置は、前記少なくとも1つのワイヤ放電イオンプラズマ電子エミッタと前記真空室の間の電子伝達可能なウィンドウを含まない、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記プラズマ領域は、前記広域電子場が、前記プラズマ領域から、電子伝達可能なウィンドウ内を通過せずに前記真空室に通過することができるように、前記真空室に開口している、請求項9に記載の装置。
- 前記装置は、前記プラズマ領域と前記真空室の間の電子伝達可能なウィンドウを含まない、請求項9に記載の装置。
- 前記プラズマ領域は、前記真空室と流体連通する、請求項9に記載の装置。
- 前記陰極は、高融解温度および低仕事関数を有する挿入部分を備える、請求項10に記載の装置。
- 前記挿入部分はモリブデンを含む、請求項18に記載の装置。
- 前記高圧電源は、前記陰極に20,000ボルトを超える負電圧を供給する、請求項10に記載の装置。
- 前記電極は前記プラズマ室の長さに沿って配設されたワイヤを備える、請求項9に記載の装置。
- 前記装置は、電子ビーム低温炉床溶解炉であり、前記電気伝導性金属材料は、チタン、チタン合金、タングステン、ニオブ、タンタル、プラチナ、パラジウム、ジルコニウム、イリジウム、ニッケル、ニッケルベースの合金、鉄、鉄ベースの合金、コバルトおよびコバルトベースの合金から選択される材料のうちの少なくとも1つである、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記装置は、電子ビーム低温炉床溶解炉であり、
真空室と、
溶融材料保持領域を含む前記真空室に配置された炉床と、
前記真空室内、またはその近傍に配置された少なくとも1つのワイヤ放電イオンプラズマ電子エミッタであって、前記炉床と前記少なくとも1つのワイヤ放電イオンプラズマ電子エミッタは、前記ワイヤ放電イオンプラズマ電子エミッタによって放出される広域電子場が前記溶融材料保持領域に少なくとも部分的に照射されるように配置されるワイヤ放電イオンプラズマ電子エミッタと、
前記室と連通し、前記炉床から材料を受け取るように配設される引出型と、
前記炉床の少なくとも1領域上の位置で前記電気伝導性材料を前記真空室に導入するように適合された少なくとも1つの送給器と、を備える、請求項1に記載の装置。 - 前記ワイヤ放電イオンプラズマ電子エミッタは、陽イオンプラズマを生成するように適合された電極を含むプラズマ領域を備える、請求項23に記載の装置。
- 前記ワイヤ放電イオンプラズマ電子エミッタは、陰極を負に帯電するように適合された高電圧電源に電気的に接続された前記陰極を含む陰極領域をさらに備え、前記陰極は、前記電極によって生成された陽イオンが前記陰極に対して加速され衝突し、前記陰極から広域電子場を解放するように、前記電極に対して配設される、請求項24に記載の装置。
- 前記ワイヤ放電イオンプラズマ電子エミッタは、電子伝達可能なホイルウィンドウをさらに備え、前記ホイルウィンドウは前記室の壁内に配設され、これによって、前記陰極から解放された電子が前記室に入ることを可能にする、請求項25に記載の装置。
- 前記高圧電源は、前記陰極に20,000ボルトを超える負電圧を供給する、請求項26に記載の装置。
- 材料を処理する方法であって、
金属および金属合金のうちの少なくとも1つを含む材料を、大気圧に対して低圧で維持された炉室に導入するステップと、
前記材料を前記炉内の広域電子場に供して、前記材料の融解温度を超える温度まで前記材料を加熱するステップであって、前記広域電子場はワイヤ放電イオンプラズマ電子エミッタによって生成される、ステップと、を含む、方法。 - 前記材料は、チタン、チタン合金、タングステン、ニオブ、タンタル、プラチナ、パラジウム、ジルコニウム、イリジウム、ニッケル、ニッケルベースの合金、鉄、鉄ベースの合金、コバルト、およびコバルトベースの合金のうち少なくとも1つを含む、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記材料を前記広域電子場に供するステップの後または同時に、前記材料から鋳造物または粉末を形成するステップをさらに含む、請求項28に記載の方法。
- チタン、チタン合金、タングステン、ニオブ、タンタル、プラチナ、パラジウム、ジルコニウム、イリジウム、ニッケル、ニッケルベースの合金、鉄、鉄ベースの合金、コバルトおよびコバルトベースの合金から成る群から選択される少なくとも1つの電気伝導性材料を大気圧に対して低圧で維持される室に導入するステップと、
前記材料を前記炉室内の広域電子場に供して、前記材料の融解温度を超える温度まで前記材料を加熱するステップであって、前記広域電子場はワイヤ放電イオンプラズマ電子エミッタによって生成されるステップと、前記材料に少なくとも1つの合金化添加物を任意で添加するステップと、
前記材料を前記電子場に供するステップの後または同時に前記材料から鋳造物または粉末を形成するステップと、を含む、請求項28に記載の方法。 - 前記ワイヤ放電イオンプラズマ電子エミッタ内の圧力は、前記炉室内の圧力と実質的に同じである、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記炉室内の圧力は、前記ワイヤ放電イオンプラズマ電子エミッタ内の圧力より大きい、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記炉室内の圧力は40μmHgを超えて維持される、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記炉室内の圧力は300μmHgを超えて維持される、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記炉室内の前記圧力を40μmHgを超えて維持するステップは、前記炉室内の前記材料の加熱中、前記材料からの揮発性元素の望ましくない蒸発を減少させる、または排除する、請求項34に記載の方法。
- 前記炉室内の前記圧力を300μmHgを超えて維持するステップは、前記炉室内の前記材料の加熱中、前記材料からの揮発性元素の望ましくない蒸発を減少させる、または排除する、請求項35に記載の方法。
- 前記炉室内の圧力は40μmHgを超えて維持され、これによって、前記炉室内の前記材料の加熱中、前記材料からの揮発性元素の望ましくない蒸発を減少させる、または排除する、請求項31に記載の方法。
- 前記炉室内の圧力は300μmHgを超えて維持され、これによって、前記炉室内の前記材料の加熱中、前記材料からの揮発性元素の望ましくない蒸発を減少させる、または排除する、請求項31に記載の方法。
- 電子ビーム溶解炉の真空室で溶融材料を加熱中、前記材料からの揮発性元素の望ましくない蒸発を減少させる、または排除する方法であって、前記真空室内の圧力を少なくとも40μmHgで維持するステップを含む、方法。
- 前記方法は、前記真空室内の圧力を少なくとも300μmHgで維持するステップを含む、請求項40に記載の方法。
- 前記溶融材料は、チタン、チタン合金、タングステン、ニオブ、タンタル、プラチナ、パラジウム、ジルコニウム、イリジウム、ニッケル、ニッケルベースの合金、鉄、鉄ベースの合金、コバルト、およびコバルトベースの合金から選択される、請求項40に記載の方法。
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CN112725714A (zh) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-30 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | 一种铀铌合金表层夹杂物的细化方法 |
CN112725714B (zh) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-02-18 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | 一种铀铌合金表层夹杂物的细化方法 |
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KR101520241B1 (ko) | 2015-05-21 |
ES2608863T3 (es) | 2017-04-17 |
US20080237200A1 (en) | 2008-10-02 |
JP5690586B2 (ja) | 2015-03-25 |
JP2010523925A (ja) | 2010-07-15 |
AU2008232823B2 (en) | 2013-08-15 |
EP2137329B1 (en) | 2016-09-28 |
EP2137329A1 (en) | 2009-12-30 |
WO2008121630A1 (en) | 2008-10-09 |
US20130279533A1 (en) | 2013-10-24 |
AU2008232823A1 (en) | 2008-10-09 |
BRPI0809581A2 (pt) | 2019-03-12 |
KR20100016086A (ko) | 2010-02-12 |
US8642916B2 (en) | 2014-02-04 |
KR101433415B1 (ko) | 2014-08-26 |
CA2680546C (en) | 2016-06-07 |
KR20140061473A (ko) | 2014-05-21 |
JP5781710B2 (ja) | 2015-09-24 |
CA2680546A1 (en) | 2008-10-09 |
US9453681B2 (en) | 2016-09-27 |
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