JP2014195673A - 電気機械的外科医療用装置 - Google Patents
電気機械的外科医療用装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、米国出願第09/324,451号(1999年6月2日出願)、第09/324,452号(1999年6月2日出願)、第09/351,534号(1999年7月12日出願)、第09/324,452号の一部継続出願である第09/510,923号(2000年2月22日出願)及び第09/510,927号(2000年2月22日出願)、並びに第09/510,932号(2000年2月22日出願)の一部継続出願である。
本発明は、電気機械的な外科医療用装置に関する。
組み立てられたハンドピースと外科医療用装置の磁石によって作動させられたリードスイッチの組合せは、ハンドピースに取り付けられた外科医療用装置をシステムに識別させる。このシステムによって識別できる外科医療用装置の数は、2つの磁石により組合せ可能な4つの組合せに限定される。
する装置について記述している。この装置は、ツール挿入部を駆動するための駆動モータを収納している、ハンドヘルド要素を含む。この装置はさらに、装置のユーザが手動で設定した操作データを保存するための、保存ユニットを有するコントロールユニットを含んでいる。また、このようなデータを、プラグイン部に挿入可能なコードキャリア(code carrier)に転送することができる。
気的生体検査器具について記述している。スロットが設けられたディスクとカムとが、モータにより駆動される駆動シャフトに取り付けられている。そして1対のセンサが配置され、スロットが設けられたディスクのスロットが、センサの上に位置したときに各センサが作動するようになっている。これによって器具のカニョーレ(cannula)及びスタイレ
ット(stylet)の位置を決定するようになっている。器具のハウジング内には、センサ、スロットが設けられたディスク、カム、モータ、及び器具に動力を供給するための充電式バッテリーが収納されている。
ョン部分と、このオペレーション部分に着脱可能に取り付けられた挿入部分とを含む。
られる。システムのファイヤリングナット(firing nut)が頭部に移動して、そこに外科用ステープルを打ち込んで整形させたとき、ファイヤリングナットはコンタクト部と係合して、これによりファイヤリングナットを引き込めるためにモータを逆転させる。
本体内に配置されたモータアセンブリ及び動力源を含む動力内蔵型外科医療用装置について記述する。
本発明の、上記及び他の有益な目的並びに効果は、本明細書に記載される電気機械的外科医療用装置の提供により効果的に達成される。一つの実施例では、電気機械的外科医療用装置は、ハウジングと、ハウジングから伸長してその先端に外科医療用器具を着脱可能に接続できる伸長シャフトと、伸長シャフト内に配置され、各々の先端に外科医療用器具を接続するように構成される、軸回転可能な少なくとも2つのドライブシャフトと、伸長シャフトの先端を操縦するように構成された操縦ケーブル装置と、ハウジング内に配置されてドライブシャフト及び操縦ケーブル装置を駆動するように構成されるモータシステムと、を含んでいる。
以下に続く説明を読み、これに併せて図1〜16を含む添付図面を参照することによって、当業者は、本発明について正確な認識を得るであろう。個々の単一の参照符号は、それぞれの図を通して同一又は同様の要素を示す。
フレキシブル(可撓性)シャフト20は、ハウジング14から伸長して、第1カップリング22を介してハウジング14に着脱可能に固定されることとしてよい。フレキシブルシャフト20の先端24は、フレキシブルシャフト20の先端24に、外科医療用器具又はアタッチメントを着脱可能に固定するようになっている第2カップリング26を含むこととしてよい。
外科医療用器具又はアタッチメントは、例えば、外科用ステープラ(surgical stapler)、外科用カッター(surgical cutter)、外科用ステープラカッター(surgicalstapler-cutter)、リニア外科用ステープラ(linersurgical stapler)、リニア外科用ステープラカッター(linersurgical stapler-cutter)、サーキュラ外科用ステープラ(circular surgicalstapler)、サーキュラ外科用ステープラカッター(circular surgical stapler-cutter)、外科用クリップアプライア(surgicalclipapplier)、外科用クリップ結紮器(surgicalclip ligator)、外科用クランピング装置(surgical clamping device)、管(又は血管)拡張装置(vesselexpanding device)、管腔(又は内腔)拡張装置(lumenexpandingdevice)、外科用メス(scalpel)、液体送出装置(fluiddelivery device)又は他の形式のいかなる外科医療用器具としてもよい。
このような外科医療用器具は、例えば、米国特許出願第09/324,451号(発明の名称”吻合、ステープリング及び切除器具と共に使用するための電気機械的駆動装置と共に使用するためのステープリング装置”(A Stapling Device for Use with an ElectromechanicalDriverDevice for Use with Anastomosing, Stapling, and Resecting Instruments))、米国特許出願第09/324,452号(発明の名称”吻合、ステープリング及び切除器具と共に使用するための電気機械的駆動装置”(Electromechanical Driver Device forUsewith Anastomosing, Stapling, and Resecting Instruments))、米
国特許出願第09/351,534号(発明の名称”自動外科医療用ステープリングシステム”(AutomatedSurgical Stapling System))、米国特許出願第09/510,926号(発明の名称”電気機械的駆動装置と共に使用する管(又は血管)及び管腔(又は内腔)拡張器アタッチメント”)(A Vessel and Lumen Expander Attachment for Use with anElectromechanical Driver Device)、米国特許出願第09/510,927号(発明の名称”コンピュータ援用制御能力を有する電気機械的ドライバ及びリモート外科医療用器具アタッチメント”(Electromechanical Driver And Remote Surgical Instruments
AttachmentHaving Computer Assisted Control Capabilities))、米国特許出願第09/510,931号(発明の名称”電気機械的駆動装置と共に使用する(細胞)組織ステープリングアタッチメント”(A Tissue Stapling Attachment for Use with an ElectromechanicalDriverDevice))、米国特許出願第09/510,932号(発明の名称”吻合、ステープリング及び切除器具と共に使用する液体送出装置”(A Fluid DeliveryMechanismfor Use withAnastomosing, Stapling and Resecting Instruments))、米国特許出願第09/510,933号(発明の名称”吻合、ステープリング及び切除器具と共に使用する液体送出装置”(A Fluid Delivery Mechanism for Use with Anastomosing, Staplingand Resecting Instruments))、に記載されている。これら各々の出願内容の全体は、参照により本願明細書の内容に明確に組み入れられる。
第1回転可能ドライブシャフト30、第2回転可能ドライブシャフト32、第1操縦ケーブル34、第2操縦ケーブル35、第3操縦ケーブル36、第4操縦ケーブル37、及びデータ伝送ケーブル38が、フレキシブルシャフト20の内部チャネル40の内部に、その全長に沿って伸長して配置される。
図3は、図2に示す線3−3に沿って取得した、フレキシブルシャフト20の断面図である。ここに、それぞれのケーブル30、32、34、35、36、37、38が図示されている。操縦ケーブル34、35、36、37の各先端は、フレキシブルシャフト20の先端24に貼付される。それぞれのケーブル30、32、34、35、36、37、38は、それぞれのシース内部に格納されることとしてよい。
しかしながら、各くぼみ46、50、54、58は、非回転に結合して、コネクタ44、48、52、56とハウジング12内に収納されるモータ装置のそれぞれのドライブシャフトとを強固に取り付ける、他の形状及び構造を有することとしてよいと解されるべきである(以下により十分に説明する)。以下に説明するように、モータ装置のドライブシャフト上のそれぞれには、これと相補してフレキシブルシャフト20のそれぞれの駆動要素を駆動するための突起部が与えられると解されるべきである。また、くぼみをドライブシャフト上に設け、これと相補する突起部をコネクタ44、48、52、56上に設けることも可能であると解されるべきである。コネクタ44、48、52、56と、モータ装置のドライブシャフトとを非回転的かつ取り外し可能に結合するために構成される、他のいかなる結合配置を設けることとしてよい。
データ伝送ケーブル38は、データコネクタ60と電気的に及び論理的に(又は論理回路的に)接続される。データコネクタ60は、例えば、データケーブル38内に収納される個々のワイヤの数に対応してこれと同数の電気的接点62を含む。
第1カップリング22は、第1カップリング22と、ハウジング12上に配置される接合及び相補的結合装置との方向を適切に合わせるための鍵構造42を含む。このようなキー構造42は、第1カップリング22と、ハウジング12上に配置される接合及び相補的結合装置とのいずれか一方又は両方に設けられることとしてよい。第1カップリング22は、クイック接続タイプのコネクタ(例えば、簡単な押し動作によって第1カップリング22とハウジング12とを係合させることのできるコネクタ)を含むこととしてよい。
それぞれのコネクタ44、48、52、56、60のいずれに関しても、第1カップリング22の内部と外部環境との間との液体密封シールを設けるためのシールが設けられることとしてよい。
第2カップリング26には、外科医療用器具又はアタッチメントを着脱可能に固定するための、クイック接続タイプの接続金具64が設けられる。クイック接続タイプの接続金具64は、例えば、回転クイック接続タイプ接続金具やバヨネットタイプ接続金具などとしてよい。
第2カップリング26には、外科医療用器具又はアタッチメントを第2カップリング26に適切に位置合わせするための鍵構造74が設けられる。外科医療用器具又はアタッチメントとフレキシブルシャフト20との適切な位置合わせのための鍵構造又は他の構成は、第2カップリング26、及び外科医療用器具又はアタッチメントのいずれか一方または両方に設けられることとしてよい。さらに、外科医療用器具又はアタッチメントには、クイック接続タイプの接続金具が設けられてもよい。
第2カップリング26には、電気的接点72を有するデータコネクタ70も設けられる。第1カップリング22のデータコネクタ60と同様に、第2カップリング26のデータコネクタ70は、データ伝送ケーブル38のそれぞれのワイヤ及びデータコネクタ60の接点62へ、電気的に及び論理的に(又は論理回路的に)接続される接点72を含む。コネクタ66、68、70に関して、第2カップリング26の内部と外部環境との間との液体密封シールを設けるためのシールが設けられることとしてよい。
図6に概略的に示す実施例では、電源によってそれぞれ動作する5つの電気的モータ76、80、84、90及び96が、リモート動力コンソール12内に配置されている。しかしながら、モータは適切な数だけ設けることが可能であり、これらのモータは、バッテリー電源、家庭用電源などの電線電源(line current)、DC電源装置、電子制御式DC電源装置等により動作可能である解されるべきである。モータはDC電源装置に接続され、次はモータに動作電流を供給するこのDC電源装置が電線電源に接続されることとしてもよい。
同様に、第1カップリング22が(したがって、及びフレキシブルシャフト20が)ハウジング14に係合して、これによって第2ドライブシャフト32と第2カップリング26の第2コネクタ68とを駆動するときに、第2モータ80の出力シャフト82が、第1カップリング22の第2コネクタ48と係合する。
第1カップリング22が(したがって、及びフレキシブルシャフト20が)ハウジング14に係合して、これによって第1及び第2操縦ケーブル34、35が、第1プーリ装置88によって駆動されるときに、第3モータ84の出力シャフト86が、第1カップリング22の第3コネクタ52と係合する。
第1カップリング22が(したがって、及びフレキシブルシャフト20が)ハウジング14に係合して、これによって第3及び第4操縦ケーブル36、37が、第2プーリ装置94によって駆動されるときに、第4モータ90の出力シャフト92が、第1カップリング22の第4コネクタ56と係合する。
第3及び第4モータ84、90は可動台100に固定されている。可動台100は、第5モータ96の出力シャフト98によって、第1位置と第2位置との間を選択的に移動可能である。これによって必要に応じて、第3及び第4モータ84、90とそれぞれのプーリ装置88及び94とを選択的に係合及び離脱して、フレキシブルシャフト20を緊張させて操縦可能とし、または弛緩させることが可能となる。
他の機械的、電気的、又は電気機械的機構も、操縦機構を選択的に係合及び離脱するために使用されることができると解すべきである。モータは、例えば米国特許出願第09/510,923号(発明の名称”フレキシブルシャフト内の操縦ワイヤを制御するための可動台アセンブリ”(A Carriage Assembly for Controlling a Steering Wire Mechanism WithinaFlexible Shaft))、に記載されるように配置され、構成することができる
。この出願内容の全体は、参照により本願明細書の内容に明確に組み入れられる。
ROM構成要素132及び/又はRAM構成要素134のようなメモリ装置を含んでいることとしてよいメモリユニット130が設けられる。ROM構成要素132は、回線136によってコントローラ122と電気的、論理的にやりとりを行う。そして、RAM構成要素134は、回線138によってコントローラ122と電気的、論理的にやりとりを行う。RAM構成要素134は、例えば、磁気メモリ装置、光メモリ装置、光磁気メモリ装置、電気的メモリ装置等といった、いかなるタイプの読み書き可能メモリをも含むこととしてよい。ROM構成要素132は、例えば、PCカード又はPCMCIAタイプ装置のような取り出し可能なメモリ装置といった、いかなるタイプの読み出し専用メモリをも含むこととしてよい。
ROM構成要素132とRAM構成要素134とは、1つのユニットとして実現してもよく、又は別個のユニットとしてもよいと解されるべきである。そして、ROM構成要素132及び/又はRAM構成要素134はPCカード又はPCMCIAタイプ装置の形に設けられることができると解されるべきである。さらにコントローラ122は、ハウジング14の前面パネル15と、より具体的には、回線154によって表示装置16と、及び回線156、158によってインジケータ18a、18bとそれぞれ接続される。回線116、118、124、126、128は、それぞれ、第1、第2、第3、第4及び第5モータ76、80、84、90及び96と、コントローラ122とを電気的及び論理的に接続する。
有線のリモートコントロールユニット(RCU: Remote Control Unit)150は、回線152によってコントローラ122と電気的及び論理的に接続される。また、回線144によってトランシーバ140に接続された送受信ユニット146による、無線リンク160を経由して通信を行う無線RCU148も設けられる。トランシーバ140は、回線142によってコントローラ122と電気的及び論理的に接続される。無線リンク160は、例えば赤外線リンクのような光学的リンク、ラジオリンク、又は他のいかなる形式の無線通信としてもよい。
各エンコーダ106、108による信号出力は、それぞれのドライブシャフト30、32の回転位置及びその回転方向を示すこととしてよい。このようなエンコーダ106、108は、例えばホール効果装置、光学装置等としてよい。またエンコーダ106、108を第2カップリング内に配置されるように記載したが、エンコーダ106、108は、モータシステムと外科医療用器具又はアタッチメントとの間のいかなる場所に設けてもよいと解するべきである。
各エンコーダ106、108の出力は、データ伝送ケーブル38のそれそれの回線110、112によって、コントローラ122に送信される。コントローラ122は、エンコーダ106、108からの出力信号に基づいて、ドライブシャフト30、32の角度位置及び回転方向を監視することによって、電気機械的外科医療用装置10に接続された外科医療用器具またはアタッチメントの構成要素の位置及び/又は状態を決定することができる。すなわち、ドライブシャフト30、32の回転数をカウントすることによって、コントローラ122は電気機械的外科医療用装置10に接続された外科医療用器具またはアタッチメントの構成要素の位置及び/又は状態を決定することができる。
金床ステム258は、金床駆動シャフト262の動作によって伸長及び後退される。金床駆動シャフト262は、サーキュラ外科用ステープラアタッチメント250の本体部分252内部に、回転可能に固定されている。金床駆動シャフト262の近位端は、第2カップリング26の第1コネクタ66と結合するように、サイズ及び構成が適合される第1コネクタ268を含む。
さらにサーキュラ外科用ステープラアタッチメント250は、ステープルドライバ/カッター駆動シャフト266の回転によって駆動されるステープルドライバ/カッター264を含む。ステープルドライバ/カッター駆動シャフト266の近位端は、第2カップリング26の第2コネクタ68と結合するように、サイズ及び構成が適合される第2コネクタ270を含む。
したがって、図9に示すサーキュラ外科用ステープラアタッチメント250の例では、金床256の伸長及び後退は、第1モータ76の動作によって達成され、ステープルドライバ/カッター264の伸長及び後退は、第2モータ80の動作によって達成される。
金床駆動シャフト262のピッチと、ステープルドライバ/カッター駆動シャフト266のピッチは、予め定められてその量は既知である。すなわち金床256とステープルドライバ/カッター264の前進距離は、それぞれのドライブシャフト30、32の回転数の関数であり、この回転数に基づいて確認することができる。
ある時点における金床256及びステープルドライバ/カッター264の絶対位置を確認しておくことによって、エンコーダ106、108の出力信号、金床駆動シャフト262及びステープルドライバ/カッター駆動シャフト266の既知のピッチに基づく金床256及びステープルドライバ/カッター264の相対移動量を用いて、その後いつでも金床256及びステープルドライバ/カッター264の絶対位置を確認することができる。
金床256及びステープルドライバ/カッター264の絶対位置が固定され、確認されるのは、サーキュラ外科用ステープラアタッチメント250が、最初にフレキシブルシャフト20に結合された時点としてよい。または代わりに、例えば本体部分252に対する金床256及びステープルドライバ/カッター264の相対位置を、エンコーダ106、108からの出力信号に基づいて定めてもよい。
シリアルナンバーデータ180及びIDデータ182は、両方とも読み出し専用データとして構成されてよい。実施例では、シリアルナンバーデータ180は、特定の外科医療用器具又はアタッチメントを、一意的に識別するデータであり、IDデータ182は、サーキュラ外科用ステープラアタッチメント、リニア外科用ステープラアタッチメント等といったアタッチメントの形式を識別するデータである。使用データ184は、特定のアタッチメントの使用状態、例えばサーキュラ外科用ステープラアタッチメント250の金床256を前進させた回数、又はサーキュラ外科用ステープラアタッチメント250のステープルドライバ/カッター264を前進させた回数、若しくはステープルドライバ/カッター264によりステープルを発射した回数を示す。
本発明の実施例においては、外科医療用器具又はアタッチメントの特定のタイプに関係なく、外科医療用器具又はアタッチメントは、その適正な動作のために必要なカップリング要素268、270、272と、メモリユニット174とを含む。
ここに、駆動シャフト及びモータは、サーキュラ外科用ステープラアタッチメント250の特定の機能をもたらすように記載されるが、駆動シャフト及びモータは、他のタイプの外科医療用器具又はアタッチメントの、同様の又は他の機能を果たすことが可能であると解するべきである。
コントローラ122は、読み出したIDデータ182に基づいて、メモリユニット130から、フレキシブルシャフト20に接続された外科医療用器具又はアタッチメントの形式に対応する動作プログラム又はアルゴリズムを、読み出す又は選択するように構成される。
メモリユニット130は、利用可能な外科医療用器具又はアタッチメントの形式の動作プログラム又はアルゴリズムを保存するように構成され、コントローラ122は、取り付けられた外科医療用器具又はアタッチメントのメモリユニット174から読み出したIDデータ182によって、メモリユニット130から動作プログラム又はアルゴリズムを選択及び/又は読み出す。
前述のとおり、メモリユニット130は、取り外し可能なROM要素132及び/又はRAM要素134を含むこととしてよい。したがって、メモリユニット130に保存される動作プログラム又はアルゴリズムは、必要に応じて更新、追加、削除、改良又は訂正することが可能である。
シリアルナンバーデータ180及び/又は使用データ184もまた、メモリユニット130から読み出され、又は選択される複数の動作プログラム又はアルゴリズムを決定するために使用できると解されるべきである。またその代わりに、動作プログラム又はアルゴリズムを外科医療用器具又はアタッチメントのメモリユニット174に保存して、データ伝送ケーブル38によってコントローラ122に送信することも可能であると解するべきである。
適切な動作プログラム又はアルゴリズムがコントローラ122に読み出し若しくは選択、又は送信されると、コントローラ122は、有線のRCU150及び/又は無線のRCU148を介してユーザにより実行される操作に従って、動作プログラム又はアルゴリズムを実行させる。
前述のようにコントローラ122は、第1モータ76、第2モータ80、第3モータ84、第4モータ90及び第5モータ96と、それぞれ回線116、118、124、126、128によって電気的及び論理的に接続されており、回線116、118、124、126、128を介して読み出し、選択又は送信される動作プログラム又はアルゴリズムに従い、これらのモータ76、80、84、90及び96をコントロールする。
その代わりに、ディジタルジョイスティック、アナログジョイスティック等を揺動子310及びスイッチ302、304、306、308の位置に設けてもよい。または、ポテンショメータ又は他のタイプのアクチュエータをスイッチ302、304、306、308の位置に設けてもよい。
これらのスイッチ316、318の動作は、取り付けられた外科医療用器具又はアタッチメントがあるときは、これに対応する動作プログラム又はアルゴリズムに従って、電気機械的外科医療用装置10及びフレキシブルシャフト20に取り付けられたいかなる外科医療用器具又はアタッチメントの特定の機能をもコントロールする。例えば、外科医療用器具が、図9に示すような上述のサーキュラ外科用ステープラアタッチメント250である場合には、2方向揺動子314の動作は、金床256の前進及び引き込みをコントロールすることとしてよい。
また、無線のRCU148は、他のスイッチ320を備える。スイッチ320の動作は、さらに取り付けられた外科医療用器具又はアタッチメントがあるときは、これに対応する動作プログラム又はアルゴリズムに従って、電気機械的外科医療用装置10及びフレキシブルシャフト20に取り付けられたいかなる外科医療用器具又はアタッチメントの動作をもコントロールすることとしてよい。例えば、サーキュラ外科用ステープラアタッチメント250がフレキシブルシャフト20に取り付けられている場合には、スイッチ320の動作は、ステープルドライバ/カッター264の前進シーケンス又は発射(firing)シーケンスを開始する。
インジケータ18a’、18b’と表示装置16’が設けられる場合には、インジケータ18a’、18b’は、回線332、334によって電気的及び論理的にコントローラ322に接続され、表示装置16’は回線336によって電気的及び論理的にコントローラ322に接続される。コントローラ322は、回線340によってトランシーバ338に電気的及び論理的に接続されて、トランシーバ338は、回線344によって送受信部342に電気的及び論理的に接続される。
例えばバッテリのような電源(図示せず)は、無線のRCU148に電源を供給するために、その内部に設けられる。
以上により、無線のRCU148は、無線リンク160によって電気機械的外科医療用装置10及びフレキシブルシャフト20に接続された外科医療用器具又はアタッチメントの動作をコントロールするために使用可能となる。
無線のRCU148及び電気機械的外科医療用装置10の間に、順次生じる各通信に識別データを含むこととしてもよい。これにより、コントローラ122は、複数の無線のRCUと、電気機械的外科医療用装置10及びフレキシブルシャフト20に取り付けられたいかなる外科医療用器具の動作をもコントロールすることができる、ただ1つの識別可能な無線のRCUとを区別することができる。
例えば、外科医療用器具又はアタッチメントが、図9に示すサーキュラ外科用ステープラアタッチメント250である場合には、金床256と本体部分252の間の間隔又は空隙が許容範囲内にあると判断されなければ、スイッチ320の動作によりコントロールされる発射機能(firingfunction)が無効にされる。金床256と本体部分252の間の
間隔又は空隙は、より十分に上述したように、エンコーダ106、108からの出力信号に基づいて判断される。ここでは、スイッチ320自身は動作可能のままであるが、コントローラ122において、間隔又は空隙が許容範囲内にあると判断されなければ、対応する機能を生じさせないものと解するべきである。
また、有線のRCU150、無線のRCU148における、例えばバッテリー故障といった事象も、電気機械的外科医療用装置10及びフレキシブルシャフト20に取り付けられるいかなる外科医療用器具又はアタッチメントの機能をもコントロールするために使用されることとしてよい。
図9に示すサーキュラ外科用ステープラアタッチメント250がフレキシブルシャフト20に取り付けられている場合、表示装置16は例えば、上述に十分に説明したようなエンコーダ106、108の出力信号に従って決定された、金床256と本体部分252との間の空隙を示すデータを表示することとしてよい。
また、ここには2つのインジケータ18a及び18bだけが記載されているが、必要に応じていくつのインジケータであっても追加して設けることもできると解されるべきである。さらに、ここには1つの表示装置16だけが記載されているが、必要に応じていくつの表示装置であっても追加して設けることもできると解されるべきである。
ステップ1002は、例えばメモリポピュレーション(memory population)やメモリ
初期化、自己診断チェック等の初期化ステップを含むこととしてよい。
初期化ステップ1002の後のステップ104において、外科医療用器具又はアタッチメント(DLU)が存在するか否か、すなわちフレキシブルシャフト20の先端24に取り付けられているか否かが判断される。ステップ1004において、DLUが存在しないと判断されると、制御はループ1034に移される。DLUが存在すると判断されると、動作プログラムはステップ1006へと進む。ステップ1006では、発射キー(FIRE key)が押されているか否かを判断する。ここでは、発射キーは、無線のRCU148及び/又は有線のRCU150のスイッチの1つを示す。より具体的に、発射キーを例えば無線のRCU148のスイッチ320及び/又は有線のRCU150のスイッチ320’に対応付けてもよい。
ステップ1006において、発射キーが押されていると判断されると、制御は、ステップ1008においてルーチンAに移される。ルーチンAは、フレキシブルシャフト20に取り付けられているDLUに特有のものである。ルーチンAは、以下の説明及び図14a〜14dにより十分に説明される。ステップ1008のルーチンAの実行の後、制御はループ1034に移される。
ステップ1010において、クランプキーが押されていると判断されると、制御は、ステップ1012においてルーチンBに移される。ルーチンBは、フレキシブルシャフト20に取り付けられているDLUに特有のものである。ルーチンBは、以下の説明及び図15a、15bにより十分に説明される。ステップ1012のルーチンBの実行の後、制御はループ1034に移される。
ステップ1014において、クランプ弛緩キーが押されていると判断されると、制御は、ステップ1016においてルーチンCに移される。ルーチンCは、フレキシブルシャフト20に取り付けられているDLUに特有のものである。ルーチンCは、以下の説明及び図16により十分に説明される。ステップ1016のルーチンCの実行の後、制御はループ1034に移される。
ステップ1018において、1又はこれより多い操縦キーが押されていると判断されると、ステップ1020において、それぞれの操縦モータの操作が実行される。操縦モータは、上述により十分に説明されるように、第3モータ84及び第4モータ92に対応付けてもよい。ステップ1020の実行の後、制御はループ1034に移される。
ステップ1022において、離脱キーが押されていると判断されると、ステップ1024において、それぞれの離脱操作が実行される。ステップ1024の実行の後、制御はループ1034に移される。
しかし、ステップ1028で主要動作プログラムの動作を終了させるべきであると判定されると、ステップ1030でシャットダウンルーチンが実行され、その後主要動作プログラムはステップ1032で終了する。
び/又はポーリング形式のソフトウェアアプリケーションで実現されることとしてよいと解するべきである。
ステップ1112において、使用可能カウントの減少を何回か試み、それでも使用可能カウントの減少に失敗する場合もある。したがって、ステップ1114においてステップ1112の使用可能カウントの減少が失敗したか否かを判断する。ステップ1114において、使用可能カウントの減少が失敗したと判断した場合には、ステップ1116においてエラー状態と判断される。
その後、ステップ1118において、無線のRCU148及び/又は有線のRCU150の全てのキーが解放されるまで待機ルーチンが実行される。その後、ステップ1118で全てのキーが解放されたと判断された後、制御はステップ1120に移される。その後図13に示される主要動作プログラムに制御が戻る。
しかし、ステップ1128において、発射時間が所定の発射時間制限を超えていないと判断されると、ステップ1134において、ハードウエア電流制限を超過したか否かが判断される。ハードウエア電流制限は、連続する動作に対する発射モータの抵抗に関連しており、ハードウエア電流制限を超過した状態は、ステープリング動作がうまく達成されたことを示している。したがって、ステップ1134において、ハードウエア電流制限を超過していないと判断されると、所定の発車時間制限を超過するか、ハードウエア電流制限を超過するまで、発射モータの動作が継続される。いずれの場合も、その後制御はステップ1136へ進む。
その後、金床256と本体部分252との間の空隙が許容範囲を超えると、ステップ1144において、範囲内インジケータに対応するインジケータ18a、18bを消灯させる。その代わりに、ステップ1142においてモータの逆転が開始されたときに、ステップ1144で範囲内インジケータを消灯させてもよい。ステップ1144で範囲内インジケータが消灯した後にステップ1146でタイマーをリセットする。
しかし、ステップ1148において、所定の制限時間を超過していないと判断されたときは、ステップ1152においてステープルドライバ/カッター264の引き込みが完了したか否かが判断される。ステップ1152において、ステープルドライバ/カッター264の引き込みが完了していないと判断されたときは、制御がステップ1148へ戻る。ステープルドライバ/カッター264の引き込みは、ステップ1148で判断されるように所定の時間制限が超過するか、ステップ1152で判断されるように引き込みが完了するまで継続する。ステップ1152でなされる判断は、エンコーダ106、108によって生成される信号に基づいて行われると解されるべきである。
ステップ1152で、ステープルドライバ/カッター264の引き込みが完了したと判断され、又はステップ1148で所定の制限時間を経過したと判断されたときは、ステップ1154において、クランプ弛緩モータの電流制限が最大値に設定される。ここではクランプ弛緩モータは、上述により十分に説明される第1モータ76に対応することとしてよい。
ステップ1160において、クランプ弛緩モータの動作が開始される。ステップ1162においてタイマーがセットされ、ステップ1164において、目標フラグがクリアされる。
しかし、ステップ1166において、金床256の位置がステップ1156で定めた中間点を通過していないと判断したときは、制御は目標位置リセットステップ1170を通らずに直接ステップ1174に移される。
しかし、ステップ1174において、金床256が「本当の」最終位置に到達していないと判断される場合には、ステップ1162でリセットしたタイマーについて、所定の制限時間が超過したか否かがステップ1176で判断される。
ステップ1176において、所定の制限時間を超過していないと判断される場合には、制御はステップ1166に戻り、クランプ弛緩モータは、金床256をさらに弛緩させるために動作を継続する。しかし、ステップ1176において、所定の制限時間を超過したと判断される場合には、金床256が所定の制限時間の間に「本当の」最終目標位置まで移動できないというエラー状態が、ステップ1178で判断される。その後、制御は操縦機構を離脱するステップ1180に移される。
上述の電気機械的外科医療装置10の実施例では、操縦機構は、上述により十分に説明されるように第5モータ96及び/又は可動台100を含むこととしてよい。ステップ1180で操縦機構が離脱された後は、ステップ1182において、無線のRCU148及び/又は有線のRCU150の全てのキーが解放されるまで待機ループが実行される。全てのキーが解放されると、ステップ1184において、図13に示す主要動作プログラムに制御が戻される。
さらに、上記に列挙されるような、他の外科医療用器具又はアタッチメントも、それぞれに使用される他のクランプルーチンを有することとしてよいと解されるべきである。
金床256と本体部分252との間の間隙が、所定の閾値G1よりも小さいと判断されると制御は1220に進む。しかし、ステップ1208で金床256と本体部分252との間の間隙が、所定の閾値G1よりも大きいと判断されると、制御は1210に進み、ここではクランプモータのスピード制限及びトルク制限をそれぞれの最大値に設定する。ここでクランプモータは、上述により十分に説明した第1モータ76に対応することとしてよい。
ステップ1212でタイマーがリセットされると、空隙が所定の閾値G1より小さくなるまでに許された所定の期間が経過する、または空隙が所定の閾値G1より小さくなったと判断されるまで、ステップ1214及び1218の制御ループが実行される。
ステップ1214で所定の期間が経過したと判断されると、ステップ1216においてクランプ動作が失敗したとみなされるとのエラー状態と判断される。ステップ1216が実行されると、ステップ1204が実行されて無線のRCU148及び/又は有線のRCU150の全てのキーが解放されるまで待機ループが実行される。その後ステップ1206において図13に示す主要動作プログラムへ制御が戻される。
ステップ1228において、金床256と本体部分252との間の空隙が所定の閾値G2よりも小さいと判断されると、制御はステップ1230に進み、ここで範囲内インジケータが作動し、DLU準備フラグが設定される。範囲内インジケータはインジケータ18a、18bの1つと対応させてよく、これらの一方または両方を、例えばLED素子や他の音声的、視覚的インジケータとしてよい。
ステップ1228において、金床256と本体部分252との間の空隙が所定の閾値G2よりも小さくないと判断されると、制御はステップ1232へ進む。ここでは、金床256と本体部分との間の空隙が、他の所定の閾値G3以下であるか否かが判断される。この判断は、上述により十分に説明されたエンコーダ106、108により生成された信号に基づいて行われる。所定の閾値G3は、例えば1.0mmとすることとしてよい。ステップ1232において、金床256と本体部分252との間の空隙が、所定の閾値G3以下であると判断されると、制御は以下に示すステップ1238に進む。
しかし、ステップ1232において、金床256と本体部分252との間の空隙が、所定の閾値G3より大きいと判断されると、ステップ1234において、所定の制限時間の間、クランプモータの制限電流値に達しているか否かが判断される。所定の制限時間の間、クランプモータの制限電流値に達していることは、(細胞)組織が、金床256と本体部分252との間の空隙に十分クランプされていることを示している。この制限時間は例えば1.0秒としてよい。
ステップ1234において、所定の制限時間の間、クランプモータの制限電流値に達していると判断された場合、制御はステップ1238に進む。しかし、ステップ1234において、所定の制限時間の間、クランプモータの制限電流値を超えていないと判断された場合、ステップ1236においてクランプキーが解放されたか否かが判断される。
ステップ1236においてクランプキーが解放されていないと判断されたとき、制御は1226に戻る。ステップ1236においてクランプキーが解放されたと判断されたとき、制御はステップ1238へと進む。
さらに、上記に列挙されるような、他の外科医療用器具又はアタッチメントも、それぞれに使用される他のクランプ弛緩ルーチンを有することとしてよいと解されるべきである。
ステップ1308において、金床256と本体部分252との間の空隙が、所定の閾値G4以上であると判断されると、ステップ1310でDLU開口フラグが設定され、制御はステップ1312に進む。ステップ1308において、金床256と本体部分252との間の空隙が、所定の閾値G4より小さいと判断されると、ステップ1312で、クランプ弛緩動作が完了したか否かが判断される。すなわち、ステップ1302で設定した金床256の目標位置に達したか否かが判断される。
ステップ1312で、金床256の移動が完了していないと判断されると、制御はステップ1306に戻る。ステップ1312で、金床256の移動が完了したと判断されると、クランプ弛緩モータの動作がステップ1314で停止される。そして制御は、図13に示す主要動作プログラムのステップ1316に戻る。
12 リモート動力(電力)コンソール
14 ハウジング
15 前面パネル
16 表示装置
18a、18b インジケータ
20 フレキシブルシャフト
22 第1カップリング
24 先端
26 第2カップリング
Claims (15)
- 細長いシャフトと、
前記細長いシャフト内に配置されている軸回転可能な少なくとも1つのドライブシャフトと、
前記細長いシャフトの遠位端に着脱可能に結合するように構成され、前記少なくとも1つのドライブシャフトによって駆動される少なくとも1つの要素を含む外科用器具と、
前記少なくとも1つのドライブシャフトの回転を検出するように構成されているセンサと、
前記センサによって検出される前記少なくとも1つのドライブシャフトの回転に従って、前記少なくとも1つの駆動された要素の部分を決定するように構成されているコントロールシステムと
を含む電気機械的外科用装置。 - 前記センサは、光学的装置およびホール効果装置のうちの少なくとも1つを含む、請求項1に記載の電気機械的外科用装置。
- 前記センサは、前記少なくも1つのドライブシャフトの回転位置および回転方向のうちの少なくとも1つを検出するように構成されている、請求項1に記載の電気機械的外科用装置。
- 前記コントロールシステムは、前記少なくとも1つのドライブシャフトの回転位置および回転方向のうちの前記検出された少なくとも1つに従って、前記外科用器具の前記少なくとも1つの要素の部分を決定するように構成されている、請求項3に記載の電気機械的外科用装置。
- 前記外科用器具は、外科用ステープラ/カッター器具を含む、請求項1に記載の電気機械的外科用装置。
- 前記外科用ステープラ/カッター器具は、金床部分とステープルドライバ/カッター部分とを含む、請求項5に記載の電気機械的外科用装置。
- 前記電気機械的外科用装置は、前記細長いシャフト内に配置されている軸回転可能な第1のドライブシャフトと、前記細長いシャフト内に配置されている軸回転可能な第2のドライブシャフトとを含み、前記第1のドライブシャフトは、前記金床部分を開閉するように構成されており、前記第2のドライブシャフトは、前記ステープルドライバ/カッター部分を駆動するように構成されている、請求項6に記載の電気機械的外科用装置。
- 前記第1のドライブシャフトの回転を検出するように構成されている第1のセンサと、前記第2のドライブシャフトの回転を検出するように構成されている第2のセンサとをさらに含む、請求項7に記載の電気機械的外科用装置。
- 前記細長いシャフト内に配置されている軸回転可能な第1のドライブシャフトと、前記細長いシャフト内に配置されている軸回転可能な第2のドライブシャフトとをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の電気機械的外科用装置。
- 前記第1のドライブシャフトの回転を検出するように構成されている第1のセンサと、前記第2のドライブシャフトの回転を検出するように構成されている第2のセンサとをさらに含む、請求項9に記載の電気機械的外科用装置。
- 少なくとも1つの動作プログラムをさらに含み、前記コントロールシステムは、前記少なくとも1つのドライブシャフトの検出された回転に従って、前記少なくとも1つの動作プログラムを実行する、請求項1に記載の電気機械的外科用装置。
- 前記電気機械的外科用装置の動作および状態のうちの少なくとも1つに従って、少なくとも1つのメッセージを表示するように構成されている表示装置をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の電気機械的外科用装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つのメッセージは、複数の言語のうちの選択された1つによって表示可能である、請求項12に記載の電気機械的外科用装置。
- 前記複数の言語のうちの前記1つを選択するように構成されているスイッチ装置をさらに含む、請求項13に記載の電気機械的外科用装置。
- 前記スイッチ装置は、DIPスイッチを含む、請求項14に記載の電気機械的外科用装置。
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JP2009113025A Expired - Fee Related JP5400468B2 (ja) | 2000-11-28 | 2009-05-07 | 電気機械的外科医療用装置 |
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JP2011127771A Withdrawn JP2011194258A (ja) | 2000-11-28 | 2011-06-07 | 電気機械的外科医療用装置 |
JP2014061637A Pending JP2014204973A (ja) | 2000-11-28 | 2014-03-25 | 電気機械的外科医療用装置 |
JP2014061636A Expired - Lifetime JP5911150B2 (ja) | 2000-11-28 | 2014-03-25 | 電気機械的外科医療用装置 |
JP2015232680A Withdrawn JP2016028777A (ja) | 2000-11-28 | 2015-11-30 | 電気機械的外科医療用装置 |
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JP2009113025A Expired - Fee Related JP5400468B2 (ja) | 2000-11-28 | 2009-05-07 | 電気機械的外科医療用装置 |
JP2011127770A Expired - Fee Related JP5432953B2 (ja) | 2000-11-28 | 2011-06-07 | 電気機械的外科医療用装置 |
JP2011127771A Withdrawn JP2011194258A (ja) | 2000-11-28 | 2011-06-07 | 電気機械的外科医療用装置 |
JP2014061637A Pending JP2014204973A (ja) | 2000-11-28 | 2014-03-25 | 電気機械的外科医療用装置 |
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EP (2) | EP2438865A3 (ja) |
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