JP2009513805A - 炭化ケイ素前駆体とその使用 - Google Patents
炭化ケイ素前駆体とその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2009513805A JP2009513805A JP2008538138A JP2008538138A JP2009513805A JP 2009513805 A JP2009513805 A JP 2009513805A JP 2008538138 A JP2008538138 A JP 2008538138A JP 2008538138 A JP2008538138 A JP 2008538138A JP 2009513805 A JP2009513805 A JP 2009513805A
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract
Description
H−[SiH2CH2]xn[Si(R1)HCH2]yn[SiH(R2)CH2]zn−H
で示される共重合体を含むシリコン組成物を提供し、式中、
R1は、メチル、フェニル、メトキシ、エトキシまたはブトキシ、
R2は、アリル、プロパギルまたはエチニル、そして
x、yおよびzが0でないときx+y+z=1である。
H−[SiH2CH2]xn[Si(R1)HCH2]yn[SiH(R2)CH2]zn−H
で示される共重合体を加熱することを含む炭化ケイ素系材料の製造方法を提供し、式中、
R1は、メチル、フェニル、メトキシ、エトキシまたはブトキシ、
R2は、アリル、プロパギルまたはエチニル、そして
x、yおよびzが0でないときx+y+z=1である。
a)混合物を金型に入れるステップであって、混合物は、少なくとも1つの粉末と、少なくとも1つの強化材料と、液状フルフラールと、触媒と、一般式:
H−[SiH2CH2]xn[Si(R1)HCH2]yn[SiH(R2)CH2]zn−H
で示される共重合体であって、式中、
R1は、メチル、フェニル、メトキシ、エトキシまたはブトキシ、
R2は、アリル、プロパギルまたはエチニル、そして
x、yおよびzが0でないときx+y+z=1である、共重合体と、を含む、ステップと、
b)金型に約500psi〜約5000psiの範囲の圧力をかけるステップと、
c)金型に入れられた混合物を約700℃〜約1200℃の範囲の温度に加熱するステップを含む組成物の生成方法を提供する。
強化材料とスラリーとを炉に入れるステップであって、
a)混合物が少なくとも1つの粉末と、一般式:
H−[SiH2CH2]xn[Si(R1)HCH2]yn[SiH(R2)CH2]zn−H
で示される共重合体であって、式中、
R1は、メチル、フェニル、メトキシ、エトキシまたはブトキシ、
R2は、アリル、プロパギルまたはエチニル、そして
x、yおよびzが0でないときx+y+z=1である、共重合体と、
を含む、ステップと、
b)炉に約100ミリトル〜約500ミリトルの減圧をかけるステップと、
c)強化材料とスラリーを約1200℃〜約1800℃の範囲の温度に加熱するステップを含む組成物の生成方法を提供する。
H−[SiH2CH2]xn[Si(R1)HCH2]yn[SiH(R2)CH2]zn−H
の共重合体であり、式中、R1は、各発生において、独立して、メチル、フェニル、メトキシ、エトキシまたはブトキシであり、R2は、各発生において、独立して、アリル、プロパギルまたはエチレンであり、x、yおよびzが0の時、x+y+z=1である。従って、共重合体は、3成分を含む。ある実施形態において、nは、約10〜約140の範囲であり、ある実施形態において、nは、約20〜約80の範囲である。本発明の共重合体の分子量は、約500Mn〜約7000Mnの範囲であり、ある実施形態において、約1000Mn〜約4000Mnの範囲である。
(実施例)
3494.5g(19モル)のクロロメチルトリクロロシランを、均圧滴下ロート、電磁攪拌棒および窒素ガス流出口に装着された還流コンデンサを備えた5Lの三口丸底フラスコに設置した。本ガス流出口に接続したT管を、副産物のHClガスを吸収するために大型プラスチック容器の水面に配置した。窒素ガスでフラスコを連続的に洗浄するために、ガス注入管を滴下ロートの上部に接続した。反応溶液を磁気的に攪拌している間、1064g(33.25モル)の無水メタノールを3時間かけて滴下で添加した。窒素ガス洗浄は、水に吸収された副産物HClガスを反応から除去した。メタノールの添加が完了した後、溶液を室温で12時間、さらに攪拌した。本手順の最終産物の組成物は、約70−75%のCl(MeO)2SiCH2Cl、20−25%のCl2(MeO)SiCH2Clおよび0−5%の(MeO)3SiCH2Clであった。本混合物は、精製せずに次のステップ反応に直接使用された。
316.8g(13.2モル)のMg粉末(−50メッシュ)と400mlの無水テトラヒドロフラン(THF)を12Lの三口丸底フラスコに設置した。フラスコは、滴下ロート、電磁攪拌棒およびガス注入口に装着され乾燥窒素を供給する還流コンデンサに装着された。1585gのCl1.25(OMe)1.75SiCH2Cl(9モル)を滴下ロートで2Lの無水THFと76.5g(1モル)の塩化アリルと混合した。Cl1.25(OMe)1.75SiCH2Cl混合物をMg粉末に添加すると、Grignard反応がすぐに開始した。溶液は暖かくなり、暗茶色に発展した。添加中、反応混合物は、開始材料の添加速度を調節すること、および冷水により反応フラスコを冷却することにより穏やかに還流された。開始材料を、3時間で添加した。得られた混合物を30〜60分間、室温で攪拌した。この段階で、[Si(OMe)2CH2]0.8n[Si(allyl)(OMe)CH2]0.1n式を有する重合体が形成された。
163.5g(1モル)のMeCl2SiCH2Clおよび600mlの無水THFを上の反応の同じ滴下ロートで混合した。得られた溶液を2時間以内でCl1.25(OMe)1.75SiCH2ClのGrignard反応からの混合物に添加した。MeCl2SiCH2ClからのGrignard反応は、Cl1.25(OMe)1.75SiCH2Clからのそれと非常に類似した。反応が再び暖かくなると、冷水で冷却された。MeCl2SiCH2Clの添加が完了した後、得られた混合物を1時間、室温で攪拌した。加熱マントルを12Lフラスコの下に設置し、結合反応を完了するために、混合物を一晩、50oCに加熱した。この段階で、[Si(OMe)2CH2]0.8n[SiMeClCH2]0.1n[Si(allyl)(OMe)CH2]0.1n式を有する重合体(アリル−メトキシポリカルボシラン)が形成された。
(3)の混合物が入った反応フラスコを氷/水浴で冷却した。それから、1Lの無水THFと200gのLiAlH4ペレットをアリル−メトキシポリカルボシランを還元するために添加した。反応溶液は暖かくなり、LiAlH4ペレットは徐々に溶解された。溶液が攪拌するのに粘稠になったとき、さらに1LのTHFを添加した。還元の発熱期間は約2時間であった。発熱期間が終了したとき、12Lフラスコを加熱マントル下に設置し、還元反応を激しく攪拌しながら、一晩、50oCで加熱した。
30Lのプラスチック容器に、2.2Lの濃縮HClを10kgの砕いた氷および1.5Lのヘキサンと混合した。溶液を機械式攪拌器で激しく攪拌した。還元反応(4)の混合物を30分かけて激しく攪拌されたヘキサン/HCl溶液に注いだ。還元混合物の添加が完了すると、処理溶液をさらに10分間攪拌した。攪拌が停止した後、黄色い有機層が水性層の上に現れた。有機層を分離し、500mlの稀釈(1M)HCl溶液で洗浄し、それから12時間、Na2SO4で乾燥させた。最後に、溶媒(へキサン/THF)を回転蒸発器で分離し、透明で粘性の黄色い重合体を403g得た。この重合体は、[SiH2CH2]0.8n[SiMe(H)CH2]0.1n[Si(allyl)(H)CH2]0.1n式を有し、その分子量は、一般的に、1000〜7000の範囲に分布された。
Claims (63)
- 一般式:
H−[SiH2CH2]xn[Si(R1)HCH2]yn[SiH(R2)CH2]zn−H
で示される共重合体を含むシリコン組成物であって、式中、
R1は、メチル、フェニル、メトキシ、エトキシまたはブトキシ、
R2は、アリル、プロパギルまたはエチニル、そして
x、yおよびzが0でないときx+y+z=1である、シリコン組成物。 - R1がメチル、R2がアリル、xが約0.6〜約0.9の範囲、yが約0.1〜約0.15の範囲、そしてzが約0.05〜約0.1の範囲である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- R1がメチル、R2がアリル、xが約0.6〜約0.9の範囲、yが約0.07〜約0.08の範囲、そしてzが約0.07〜約0.08の範囲である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- R1がフェニル、R2がアリル、xが約0.6〜約0.9の範囲、yが約0.1〜約0.3の範囲、そしてzが約0.05〜約0.3の範囲である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- R1がメチル、R2がエチニル、xが約0.6〜約0.9の範囲、yが約0.1〜約0.3の範囲、そしてzが約0.05〜約0.3の範囲である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- R1がメチル、R2がプロパギル、xが約0.6〜約0.9の範囲、yが約0.1〜約0.3の範囲、そしてzが約0.05〜約0.3の範囲である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- R1がフェニル、R2がプロパギル、xが約0.6〜約0.9の範囲、yが約0.1〜約0.3の範囲、そしてzが約0.05〜約0.3の範囲である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- R1がメチル、R2がアリル、xが約0.1〜約0.3の範囲、yが約0.6〜約0.8の範囲、そしてzが約0.1〜約0.2の範囲である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- R1がメチル、R2がアリル、xが約0.2〜約0.25の範囲、yが約0.1〜約0.2の範囲、そしてzが約0.55〜約0.7の範囲である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- R1がフェニル、R2がプロパギル、xが約0.2〜約0.25の範囲、yが約0.1〜約0.2の範囲、そしてzが約0.55〜約0.7の範囲である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- R1がフェニル、R2がアリル、xが約0.1〜約0.2の範囲、yが約0.40〜約0.45の範囲、そしてzが約0.40〜約0.45の範囲である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 少なくとも1つの粉末をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記粉末は、サイズが約0.5ミクロン〜約45ミクロンの範囲である、請求項12に記載の組成物。
- 前記粉末は、二ホウ化ハフニウム、ハフニウムカーバイド、二ホウ化ジルコニウム、ジルコニウムカーバイド、炭化ケイ素、シリコンニトライド、炭化ホウ素、黒鉛またはそれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項12に記載の組成物。
- 一般式:
H−[SiH2CH2]xn[Si(R1)HCH2]yn[SiH(R2)CH2]zn−H
で示される共重合体を含むシリコン組成物であって、式中、
R1は、メチル、
R2は、プロパギルまたはエチニル、そして
x、yおよびzが0でないときx+y+z=1である、シリコン組成物。 - 一般式:
H−[SiH2CH2]xn[Si(R1)HCH2]yn[SiH(R2)CH2]zn−H
で示される共重合体を含むシリコン組成物であって、式中、
R1は、フェニル、メトキシ、エトキシまたはブトキシ、
R2は、アリル、そして
x、yおよびzが0でないときx+y+z=1である、シリコン組成物。 - 一般式:
H−[SiH2CH2]xn[Si(R1)HCH2]yn[SiH(R2)CH2]zn−H
で示される共重合体を加熱するステップを含む、炭化ケイ素系材料を製造するための方法であって、式中、
R1は、メチル、フェニル、メトキシ、エトキシまたはブトキシ、
R2は、アリル、プロパギルまたはエチニル、そして
x、yおよびzが0でないときx+y+z=1である、方法。 - 前記共重合体は、約160℃〜約500℃の範囲の温度に加熱される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記共重合体は、約30分〜約240分の範囲の時間で加熱される、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記共重合体は、プラチナ系触媒を用いて加熱される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記共重合体は、少なくとも約60%の相対湿度で、約1時間〜約6時間、約90℃〜約200℃の範囲の温度に加熱される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- R2がエチニル基である、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記共重合体は、紫外(UV)照射を介して硬化される、請求項22に記載の方法。
- 前記共重合体は、約400℃〜約650℃の範囲の温度に加熱される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記共重合体は、不活性ガス、水素ガスまたはその組み合わせの環境で加熱される、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 前記共重合体は、約700℃〜約1200℃の範囲の温度に加熱される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記共重合体は、不活性ガス、水素ガスまたはそれらの組み合わせの環境で加熱される、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記共重合体は、約1200℃〜約1800℃の範囲の温度に加熱される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記共重合体は、不活性ガス、水素ガスまたはそれらの組み合わせの環境で加熱される、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記共重合体は、大きさが約0.5ミクロン〜約45ミクロンの範囲の粉末状耐火材料を用いて混合される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記粉末状耐火材料は、二ホウ化ハフニウム、ハフニウムカーバイド、二ホウ化ジルコニウム、ジルコニウムカーバイド、炭化ケイ素、シリコンニトライドまたはそれらの組み合わせである、請求項30に記載の方法。
- 前記共重合体は、炭化ケイ素、炭化ホウ素、シリコンニトライド、炭素、黒鉛またはそれらの組み合わせを用いて混合される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- R1がメチル、R2がプロパギルまたはエチニルである、請求項17に記載の方法。
- R1がフェニル、メトキシ、エトキシまたはブトキシ、そしてR2がアリルである、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 炭化ケイ素系材料は、請求項17の方法により製造される。
- 約0.1%以下の不純物を含む、請求項35に記載の炭化ケイ素系材料。
- シリコン:炭素が、実質的に1:1の化学量論を有する、請求項35に記載の炭化ケイ素系材料。
- 制御されたシリコン、炭素および水素比を有する、請求項35に記載の炭化ケイ素系材料。
- 組成物を製造する方法であって、
a)混合物を金型に入れるステップであって、前記混合物は、少なくとも1つの粉末と、少なくとも1つの強化材料と、液状フルフラールと、触媒と、一般式:
H−[SiH2CH2]xn[Si(R1)HCH2]yn[SiH(R2)CH2]zn−H
で示される共重合体であって、式中、
R1は、メチル、フェニル、メトキシ、エトキシまたはブトキシ、
R2は、アリル、プロパギルまたはエチニル、そして
x、yおよびzが0でないときx+y+z=1である、共重合体と、
を含む、ステップと、
b)前記金型に約500psi〜約5000psiの範囲の圧力をかけるステップと、
c)金型に入れられた混合物を約700℃〜約1200℃の範囲の温度に加熱するステップと、を含む、方法。 - 少なくとも前記1つの粉末が、ガラス状炭素粉末、黒鉛粉末、炭化ホウ素粉末、シリコンニトライド、石油コークス、銅粉末、鉄粉末、チタニウム粉末、ジルコニウム粉末またはそれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項39に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも前記1つの強化材料が短銅ファイバである、請求項39に記載の方法。
- 前記短銅ファイバは、総混合物の約50%〜約80%の重量の範囲で存在する、請求項41に記載の方法。
- 前記粉末は、総混合物の約5%〜約15%の重量の範囲で存在するガラス状炭素粉末である、請求項40に記載の方法。
- 前記粉末は、総混合物の約2%〜約10%の重量の範囲で存在する黒鉛粉末である、請求項40に記載の方法。
- 前記共重合体は、総混合物の約5%〜約15%の重量の範囲で存在する、請求項39に記載の方法。
- 前記液状フルフラールは、総混合物の約5%〜約15%の重量の範囲で存在する、請求項39に記載の方法。
- 前記加熱ステップは、約0.1℃/1分〜1℃/1分の範囲の速さで生じる、請求項39に記載の方法。
- 前記加熱ステップは、約1〜8時間の範囲の時間で約850℃〜約900℃の範囲の温度を維持することを含む、請求項39に記載の方法。
- 請求項39に記載の方法であって、
d)成形された混合物に約10℃〜約80℃の範囲の温度で約100ミリトル〜約500ミリトルの減圧をかけるステップと、
e)前記重合体が一般式:
H−[SiH2CH2]xn[Si(R1)HCH2]yn[SiH(R2)CH2]zn−H
で示される前記成形された混合物に共重合体を添加するステップであって、式中、R1は、メチル、フェニル、メトキシ、エトキシまたはブトキシ、
R2は、アリル、プロパギルまたはエチニル、そして
x、yおよびzが0でないときx+y+z=1である、
ステップと、
f)約700℃から1200℃の範囲の温度に前記共重合体と成形された混合物を加熱するステップと、をさらに含む、方法。 - 前記共重合体を添加するステップは、前記成形された混合物に触媒を用いて液状フルフラールを添加することをさらに含む、請求項49に記載の方法。
- 前記共重合体を添加するステップは、総添加混合物の約50%〜75%の重量の範囲で存在する前記共重合体と、総添加混合物の約25%〜50%の範囲で存在する触媒を用いた前記液状フルフラールを含む、請求項50に記載の方法。
- 請求項39に記載する方法により生成される生成物。
- 摩擦係数が約0.2以下、熱伝導率が約100w/m−deg−K以上、そして電気伝導率が約1ohm以上を有する、請求項52に記載の生成物。
- 前記生成物は、モータブラシ、トローラスリッパ、電力輸送用交換子、ベアリングまたは軸受けである、請求項52に記載の生成物。
- 組成物の製造方法であって、
a)強化材料と、スラリーとを炉に入れるステップであって、前記混合物が少なくとも1つの粉末と、一般式
H−[SiH2CH2]xn[Si(R1)HCH2]yn[SiH(R2)CH2]zn−H
で示される共重合体であって、式中、
R1は、メチル、フェニル、メトキシ、エトキシまたはブトキシ、
R2は、アリル、プロパギルまたはエチニル、そして
x、yおよびzが0でないときx+y+z=1である、共重合体と、
を含む、ステップと、
b)前記炉に約100ミリトル〜約500ミリトルの減圧をかけるステップと、
c)前記強化材料と前記スラリーを約1200℃〜約1800℃の範囲の温度に加熱するステップと、を含む、方法。 - 前記加熱ステップは、約1〜3時間の範囲の時間で生じる、請求項55に記載の方法。
- 前記スラリーは、スラリーの約10%〜約65%の重量の範囲で存在する二峰性炭化ケイ素粉末を含む、請求項55に記載の方法。
- 前記二峰性炭化ケイ素粉末は、約4〜約7ミクロンの範囲の粒子と約0.5〜約0.8ミクロンの範囲の粒子を含む、請求項57に記載の方法。
- 前記強化材料は、ポリアクリロニトリル系炭素ファイバクロス、石油系ピッチファイバ、短ファイバ、フェルトまたはそれらの組み合わせである、請求項55に記載の方法。
- 請求項55に記載の方法であって、
d)実質的に空気を除去するために、約10℃〜約80℃の範囲の温度で、約100ミリトル〜約500ミリトルの減圧をかけるステップと、
e)前記共重合体が、一般式:
H−[SiH2CH2]xn[Si(R1)HCH2]yn[SiH(R2)CH2]zn−H
で示される前記成形された混合物に共重合体を添加するステップであって、式中、
R1は、メチル、フェニル、メトキシ、エトキシまたはブトキシ、
R2は、アリル、プロパギルまたはエチニル、そして
x、yおよびzが0でないときx+y+z=1である、
ステップと、
f)前記共重合体と成形された混合物を約850℃〜約1000℃の範囲の温度に加熱するステップと、をさらに含む、方法。 - ステップ(d)〜(f)は、約2%〜約10%の開放気孔率を有する生成物を生成するために繰り返される、請求項60に記載の方法。
- 請求項55に記載の方法により製造される生成物。
- 前記生成物はブレーキロータである、請求項62に記載の生成物。
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PCT/US2006/060148 WO2007051089A2 (en) | 2005-10-25 | 2006-10-23 | Silicon carbide precursors and uses thereof |
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JP (1) | JP2009513805A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20080071987A (ja) |
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US20070093587A1 (en) | 2007-04-26 |
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