JP2009145890A - トナー組成物及びトナープロセス - Google Patents
トナー組成物及びトナープロセス Download PDFInfo
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- JP2009145890A JP2009145890A JP2008315573A JP2008315573A JP2009145890A JP 2009145890 A JP2009145890 A JP 2009145890A JP 2008315573 A JP2008315573 A JP 2008315573A JP 2008315573 A JP2008315573 A JP 2008315573A JP 2009145890 A JP2009145890 A JP 2009145890A
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- Prior art keywords
- toner
- copoly
- resin
- wax
- sulfo
- Prior art date
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- G03G9/08795—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775 characterised by their chemical properties, e.g. acidity, molecular weight, sensitivity to reactants
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- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
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- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
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- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
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- G03G9/09307—Encapsulated toner particles specified by the shell material
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Abstract
【解決手段】エマルジョン凝集トナー組成物に、半結晶性生分解性ポリエステル樹脂、着色剤、ワックス、及び凝集剤を含む、エマルジョン凝集プロセスによって形成されるトナー粒子を含有せしめる。
【選択図】なし
Description
ワックス分散物を使用する場合、当該ワックス分散物は、エマルジョン凝集トナー組成物に従来から用いられる種々のワックスのいずれであってもよい。適切なワックスの例としては、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン/アミド、ポリエチレンテトラフルオロエチレン、及びポリエチレンテトラフルオロエチレン/アミドが挙げられる。その他の例としては、例えば、ポリオレフィンワックス(例えば、直鎖ポリエチレンワックス、分岐鎖ポリエチレンワックスを含むポリエチレンワックス、並びに、直鎖ポリプロピレンワックス、分岐鎖ポリプロピレンワックスを含むポリプロピレンワックスなど);パラフィンワックス;フィッシャートロップスワックス(Fischer‐Tropsch wax);アミンワックス;シリコーンワックス;メルカプトワックス;ポリエステルワックス;ウレタンワックス;修飾ポリオレフィンワックス(カルボン酸末端ポリエチレンワックス、又はカルボン酸末端ポリプロピレンワックスなど);脂肪族極性アミド官能化ワックス(aliphatic polar amide functionalized wax)などのアミドワックス;ヒドロキシル化不飽和脂肪酸のエステルから成る脂肪族ワックス;高酸(high acid)モンタンワックスなどの高酸ワックス(high acid wax);及び、原油の蒸留から得られるワックスなどのマイクロクリスタリンワックスなどが挙げられる。ここで「高酸ワックス」とは、酸の含有率が高いワックス物質を意味する。本発明の実施態様において、ワックスは結晶性ワックスであることが好ましいが、必要に応じて結晶性または非結晶性であってもよい。「結晶性ポリマーワックス」とは、ワックス物質が、ポリマー鎖の規則正しい配列を、結晶融点転移温度(crystalline melting point transition temperature:Tm)で特徴付けることができるポリマーマトリックス内に有することを意味する。結晶融解温度は、ポリマーサンプルの結晶ドメインの融解温度である。これは、ポリマー鎖がポリマー内のアモルファス領域へ流動を開始する温度であるガラス転移温度(Tg)とは対照的である。
実施例1
ランダムに配列された3‐ヒドロキシブチレート(HB)のユニットと3‐ヒドロキシバリレート(HV)のユニットとを含むコポリエステル(以下P(HB‐co‐HV)と称する)のポリヒドロキシアルカノエートラテックスエマルジョンを得るための本方法には、栄養素を制限した条件下で2種類の炭素源と共に供給されるバクテリア(特にアルカリゲネス・ユウトロファス)の培養工程(fermentation)(Ramsay et al.,1990;Ryu et al.,1997;Shimizu et al.,1999)が含まれる。種培養物を、10g/Lのグルコース、1g/Lの(NH4)2SO4、0.2g/LのMgSO4・7H2O、1.5g/LのKH2PO4、9g/LのNa2HPO4・12H2O、及び1mL/Lの微量元素溶液(10g/LのFeSO4・7H2O、2.25g/LのZnSO4・7H2O、1g/LのCuSO4・5H2O、0.5g/LのMnSO4・5H2O、2g/LのCaCl2・2H2O、0.23g/LのNa2B4O7・7H2O、0.1g/Lの(NH4)6Mo7O24、及び10mL/Lの35%HCl)を含有する富栄養培地中でインキュベートし攪拌する。指数的に増殖する細胞をこの容器から回収し、流加培養法のためのバイオリアクターへ播種する。最初の攪拌速度及び通気流速は、各々、300rpm及び2L/minである。培養の間、攪拌と通気により、溶存酸素濃度を飽和状態の40%よりも高く維持する。種培養物と同様に、温度及びpHは、このバクテリアが好む範囲である34℃及び6.8に各々厳密に制御する。pHは、2NのHCl溶液及び28%のNH4OH溶液で維持する。リアクターの培地は、種培養物に用いたものと類似のもの(20g/Lのグルコース、4g/Lの(NH4)2SO4、1.2g/LのMgSO4・7H2O、1.7g/Lのクエン酸、及び10mL/Lの微量元素溶液)であるが、富栄養状態ではなく、リン酸が制限されており、細胞の乾燥重量が特定の値となるよう計算された量(5.5g/LのKH2PO4)が最初に添加されている。栄養素が制限された時点で、グルコース132g/L及びプロピオン酸18g/Lを含む供給溶液を、流速35mL/hでリアクター内に供給する。細胞はこれに応答して、P(HB‐co‐HV)を蓄積する。供給溶液中のプロピオン酸に対するグルコースの比を調節することが、得られるコポリエステル内のHB:HVの組成を制御する一つの方法であることを注記する。この培養工程(fermentation)が完了した時点で、コポリエステルを回収する。
Claims (2)
- トナー粒子を含有するエマルジョン凝集トナー組成物であって、
前記トナー粒子が
半結晶性生分解性ポリエステル樹脂;
着色剤;
ワックス;及び
凝集剤を含むこと、及び
エマルジョン凝集により得られるトナー組成物であること
を特徴とする、前記エマルジョン凝集トナー組成物。 - エマルジョン凝集トナーを作製するためのプロセスであって、
半結晶性生分解性ポリエステル樹脂エマルジョン、着色剤分散物、及びワックスを混合して混合物を形成する工程;
凝集剤を前記混合物に添加する工程;
有機酸又は無機酸を前記混合物に添加する工程;及び
前記混合物を加熱して、前記半結晶性生分解性ポリエステル樹脂、着色剤、並びにワックスの凝集及び合着を起こさせてトナー粒子を形成する工程を含み、
さらに、この混合物を冷却してトナー粒子を単離する工程を含んでいてもよい、前記プロセス。
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EP2071405A1 (en) | 2009-06-17 |
CN101458467A (zh) | 2009-06-17 |
JP5525157B2 (ja) | 2014-06-18 |
EP2071405B1 (en) | 2013-03-06 |
US20090155703A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 |
US8137884B2 (en) | 2012-03-20 |
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