JP2008514402A - クラフトリグニンを利用した分散剤および新規なリグニン誘導体 - Google Patents
クラフトリグニンを利用した分散剤および新規なリグニン誘導体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2008514402A JP2008514402A JP2007533110A JP2007533110A JP2008514402A JP 2008514402 A JP2008514402 A JP 2008514402A JP 2007533110 A JP2007533110 A JP 2007533110A JP 2007533110 A JP2007533110 A JP 2007533110A JP 2008514402 A JP2008514402 A JP 2008514402A
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- Prior art keywords
- acid
- lignin
- dispersant
- cement
- salt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 229920005611 kraft lignin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 83
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 26
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- -1 for example Polymers 0.000 description 89
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 30
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 26
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 26
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 25
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 24
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 20
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 19
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 18
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 18
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- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
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- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
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- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- 229940048053 acrylate Drugs 0.000 description 15
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 15
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 14
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 13
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- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 11
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
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- 125000005702 oxyalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 9
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- ATVJXMYDOSMEPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-prop-2-enoxyprop-1-ene Chemical compound C=CCOCC=C ATVJXMYDOSMEPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 8
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 8
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 7
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N citraconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C\C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229940018557 citraconic acid Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007870 radical polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 6
- UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-ene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC=C UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 6
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
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- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
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- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002455 scale inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008159 sesame oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011803 sesame oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940087562 sodium acetate trihydrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940047670 sodium acrylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium dithionite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])=O JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940079827 sodium hydrogen sulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940001584 sodium metabisulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010262 sodium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NTVDGBKMGBRCKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;12-hydroxyoctadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O NTVDGBKMGBRCKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XCPXWEJIDZSUMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;dioctyl phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCOP([O-])(=O)OCCCCCCCC XCPXWEJIDZSUMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UCWBKJOCRGQBNW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hydroxymethanesulfinate;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].OCS([O-])=O UCWBKJOCRGQBNW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019337 sorbitan trioleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960000391 sorbitan trioleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- NVKTUNLPFJHLCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium chromate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O NVKTUNLPFJHLCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 1
- 230000019635 sulfation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005670 sulfation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001174 sulfone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N tannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940033123 tannic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940116411 terpineol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940035024 thioglycerol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NJRXVEJTAYWCQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiomalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(S)C(O)=O NJRXVEJTAYWCQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFDIRQKJPRINOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N transbutenic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC(=O)C=CC ZFDIRQKJPRINOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004043 trisaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungstate Chemical compound [O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940098697 zinc laurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAEWLETZEZXLHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(dioxo)molybdenum Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O XAEWLETZEZXLHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPYYEEJOMCKTPR-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;dodecanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O GPYYEEJOMCKTPR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N β‐Mercaptoethanol Chemical compound OCCS DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
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- C08F283/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G
- C08F283/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polyethers, polyoxymethylenes or polyacetals
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F289/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to macromolecular compounds not provided for in groups C08F251/00 - C08F287/00
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
- C08G65/2603—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen
- C08G65/2606—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxyl groups
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- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/32—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08G65/329—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds
- C08G65/331—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing oxygen
- C08G65/332—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing oxygen containing carboxyl groups, or halides, or esters thereof
- C08G65/3322—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing oxygen containing carboxyl groups, or halides, or esters thereof acyclic
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- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
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Abstract
【解決手段】本発明の分散剤は、クラフトリグニンおよび/またはその塩由来の少なくとも1種の構成単位と少なくとも1種の水溶性単量体由来の少なくとも1種の構成単位とを有するリグニン誘導体を含有する。本発明の新規なリグニン誘導体は、クラフトリグニンおよび/またはその塩由来の少なくとも1種の構成単位と少なくとも1種のポリアルキレンオキシド鎖と少なくとも1種のアニオン性官能基とを有する。
【選択図】なし
Description
本発明の分散剤は、クラフトリグニンおよび/またはその塩由来の少なくとも1種の構成単位と少なくとも1種の水溶性単量体由来の少なくとも1種の構成単位とを有するリグニン誘導体を含有することを特徴とする。ここで、「クラフトリグニン」とは、木材に水酸化ナトリウムと硫化ナトリウムとの混合水溶液を作用させて得られる水に不溶の化合物であって、ヒドロキシフェニルプロパンを基本単位とし、フェノール性ヒドロキシ基やアルコール性ヒドロキシ基、チオール基などの官能基を有する化合物を意味する。また、「クラフトリグニンおよび/またはその塩由来の構成単位」とは、リグニン誘導体の分子構造のうち、原料となるクラフトリグニンおよび/またはその塩に由来する部分を意味する。さらに、「水溶性単量体由来の構成単位」とは、リグニン誘導体の分子構造のうち、原料となるクラフトリグニンおよび/またはその塩に反応させる水溶性単量体に由来する部分を意味する。
また、「リグニン誘導体」とは、クラフトリグニンおよび/またはその塩に含まれるフェノール性ヒドロキシ基やアルコール性ヒドロキシ基、チオール基などの官能基に水溶性単量体を反応させるか、あるいはクラフトリグニンおよび/またはその塩にラジカル開始剤を作用させてラジカルを発生させてから水溶性単量体を反応させることにより得られる化合物であって、クラフトリグニンおよび/またはその塩由来の構成単位と水溶性単量体由来の構成単位とを有する化合物を意味する。なお、上記水溶性単量体が重合性の2重結合を有する場合、水溶性単量体由来の構成単位とは、各単量体の重合性2重結合が開いた構造(2重結合(C=C)が単結合(−C−C−)になった構造)に相当する。
リグニン誘導体の原料となるクラフトリグニンおよび/またはその塩は、木材に水酸化ナトリウムと硫化ナトリウムとの混合水溶液を作用させて得られるものである限り、特に限定されるものではない。クラフトリグニンおよび/またはその塩の原料となる木材としては、エゾマツ、アカマツ、スギ、ヒノキなどの針葉樹や、シラカバ、ブナなどの広葉樹が挙げられる。これらの木材は、単独で用いても2種以上を併用してもよい。
メチルビニルエーテル、エチルビニルエーテル、2−ヒドロキシエチルビニルエーテル、4−ヒドロキシブチルビニルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノビニルエーテルなどのビニルエーテル類。
本発明の分散剤には、その分散性能を阻害しない範囲で、従来公知の添加剤を配合してもよい。従来公知の添加剤としては、具体的には、消泡剤、空気連行剤、湿潤剤、防水剤、粘度調節剤などが挙げられる。これらの添加剤は、単独で用いても2種以上を併用してもよい。
本発明の分散剤を使用して分散させる被分散体は、特に限定されるものではないが、種々の有機物質や無機物質が挙げられる。被分散体の形状としては、特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、粉体状、粒子状、顆粒状、繊維状、平板状などが挙げられる。
本発明の分散剤は、種々の用途に利用することができるが、特にセメント分散剤として好適である。そこで、以下に、本発明の分散剤をセメント分散剤として使用する場合について詳しく説明する。
本発明の分散剤に配合されるリグニン誘導体のうち、クラフトリグニンおよび/またはその塩に、水溶性単量体として、例えば、炭素原子数1〜30のアルコールや炭素原子数1〜30のアミンに炭素原子数2〜18のアルキレンオキシドを1〜500モル付加させたアルキル(ポリ)アルキレングリコールと、マレイン酸、フマル酸、イタコン酸、シトラコン酸などの不飽和ジカルボン酸類とのハーフエステル、ジエステル類;マレイン酸、フマル酸、イタコン酸、シトラコン酸などの不飽和ジカルボン酸類と、炭素原子数2〜18のグリコールまたはこれらのグリコールの付加モル数2〜500のポリアルキレングリコールとのハーフエステル、ジエステル類;炭素原子数1〜30のアルコールに炭素原子数2〜18のアルキレンオキシドを1〜500モル付加させたアルコキシ(ポリ)アルキレングリコールと、(メタ)アクリル酸、クロトン酸などの不飽和モノカルボン酸類とのエステル類;(ポリ)エチレングリコールモノメタクリレート、(ポリ)プロピレングリコールモノメタクリレート、(ポリ)ブチレングリコールモノメタクリレートなどの、(メタ)アクリル酸などの不飽和モノカルボン酸類への炭素原子数2〜18のアルキレンオキシドの1〜500モル付加物類などを反応させて得られたリグニン誘導体は、クラフトリグニンおよび/またはその塩由来の少なくとも1種の構成単位と少なくとも1種のポリアルキレンオキシド鎖と少なくとも1種のアニオン性官能基とを有することから、新規なリグニン誘導体である。
使用カラム:東ソー社製、TSK guard column SWXL+TSKgel G4000SWXL+G3000SWXL+G2000SWXL;
溶離液:水10,999g、アセトニトリル6,001gの混合溶媒に酢酸ナトリウム三水和物115.6gを溶解し、さらに酢酸でpH6.0に調整した溶液を使用した;
サンプル打ち込み量:100μL;
流速:0.8mL/min;
カラム温度:40℃;
検出器:日本Waters社製、2414 示差屈折検出器;
解析ソフト:日本Waters社製、Empower Software;
較正曲線作成用標準物質:ポリエチレングリコール[ピークトップ分子量(Mp)272,500、219,300、107,000、50,000、26,840、11,840、7,100、4,250、1,470];
較正曲線:上記ポリエチレングリコールのMp値と溶出時間とを基礎にして3次式で作成した;
重合体(水溶液)を上記溶離液で重合体濃度が0.5質量%となるように溶解させたものをサンプルとした。
使用カラム:東ソー社製、TSK guard column αと、TSKgel α−5000と、α−4000と、α−3000とを、この順で連結させたもの;
溶離液:アセトニトリル1,000.0g、水8,938.4gの溶液に、ホウ酸27.9g、塩化カリウム33.8gを溶解し、さらに30%NaOH水溶液でpH9.0に調整した溶液を使用した;
サンプル打ち込み量:100μL;
流速:0.6mL/min;
カラム温度:40℃;
検出器:日本Waters社製、2414 示差屈折検出器;
解析ソフト:日本Waters社製、Empower Software;
較正曲線作成用標準物質:ポリエチレングリコール[ピークトップ分子量(Mp)685,000、272,500、219,300、107,000、50,000、26,840、11,840、7,100、4,250、1,470];
較正曲線:上記ポリエチレングリコールのMp値と溶出時間とを基準にして3次式で作成した;
重合体(水溶液)を上記溶離液で重合体濃度が0.5質量%となるように溶解させたものをサンプルとした。
温度計、攪拌機、滴下装置、窒素導入管および還流冷却装置を備えたガラス製反応装置に、水98.7g、ポリエチレングリコールモノ(3−メチル−3−ブテニル)エーテル(エチレンオキシドの平均付加モル数50)152.4g、アクリル酸0.3gおよびクラフトリグニン(アルドリッチ社製、商品番号:37095−9)2.1gを仕込み、撹拌下で反応装置内を窒素置換し、窒素雰囲気下で58℃に加熱した。液温が58℃に達した後、30%過酸化水素水溶液0.5gを水6.3gで希釈した水溶液を加え、直ちにアクリル酸9.2gを水21.5gで希釈したモノマー水溶液と、L−アスコルビン酸0.2gおよび連鎖移動剤として3−メルカプトプロピオン酸0.4gを混合した連鎖移動剤水溶液32.6gとを滴下開始した。モノマー水溶液は3時間、連鎖移動剤水溶液は3時間30分かけて滴下した。連鎖移動剤水溶液を滴下終了後、2時間引き続いて、58℃に温度を維持し、重合反応を完結させ、本発明の新規なリグリン誘導体として、質量平均分子量33,000のポリカルボン酸系重合体(1)を得た。得られたポリカルボン酸系重合体(1)のGPCチャート(示差屈折検出器により測定)を図1に、GPCチャート(波長230nmにおいて紫外吸収度検出器により測定)を図2に示す。なお、図1および2において、縦軸は検出強度を表し、横軸は保持時間を表す。
実施例1において、クラフトリグニンを使用しないこと以外は、同様の操作を行うことにより、質量平均分子量33,000のリグニン骨格を有しないポリカルボン酸系比較重合体(1)を得た。得られたポリカルボン酸系比較重合体(1)のGPCチャート(示差屈折検出器により測定)を図3に、GPCチャート(波長230nmにおいて紫外吸収度検出器により測定)を図4に示す。なお、図3および4において、縦軸は検出強度を表し、横軸は保持時間を表す。
<モルタルの配合と混練方法>
モルタルの混練は、以下のとおり実施した。
温度計、攪拌機、滴下装置、窒素導入管および還流冷却装置を備えたガラス製反応装置に、クラフトリグニン水溶液16.0g(固形分:21.5%)および水64.0gを仕込み、攪拌下で反応装置内を窒素置換し、窒素雰囲気下で80℃に加熱した。液温が80℃に達した後、37%アクリル酸ナトリウム水溶液160.0gおよび10%過硫酸ナトリウム水溶液80.0gを3時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、1時間引き続いて80℃に温度を維持し、グラフト反応を完結させ、リグニン誘導体であるグラフト体(1)を得た。得られたグラフト体(1)のGPCチャート(示差屈折検出器により測定)を図5に示す。また、示差屈折検出器での測定により、グラフト体(1)の質量平均分子量は59,200であることが分かった。また、図6に波長230nmにおいて紫外吸収度検出器により測定したグラフト体(1)のGPCチャートを示した。
<モルタルの配合と混練方法>
モルタルの混練は、以下のとおり実施した。
Claims (6)
- クラフトリグニンおよび/またはその塩由来の構成単位と水溶性単量体由来の構成単位とを有するリグニン誘導体を含有することを特徴とする分散剤。
- 前記リグニン誘導体がクラフトリグニンおよび/またはその塩に水溶性単量体を反応させて得られる請求項1記載の分散剤。
- 前記リグニン誘導体がアニオン性官能基を有する請求項1または2記載の分散剤。
- 前記リグニン誘導体がポリアルキレンオキシド鎖を有する請求項1〜3のいずれか1項記載の分散剤。
- セメント分散剤である請求項1〜4のいずれか1項記載の分散剤。
- クラフトリグニンおよび/またはその塩由来の構成単位とポリアルキレンオキシド鎖とアニオン性官能基とを有することを特徴とするリグニン誘導体。
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JP2011240223A (ja) * | 2010-05-14 | 2011-12-01 | Nippon Paper Chemicals Co Ltd | 分散剤 |
JP2011240224A (ja) * | 2010-05-14 | 2011-12-01 | Nippon Paper Chemicals Co Ltd | 分散剤 |
JP2016196540A (ja) * | 2015-04-02 | 2016-11-24 | 株式会社日本触媒 | リグニン誘導体の製造方法 |
JP2018537279A (ja) * | 2015-11-30 | 2018-12-20 | サントル ナシオナル ドゥ ラ ルシェルシェサイアンティフィク(セエヌエールエス) | リグニンで安定化したエマルジョンの蒸発制御 |
WO2019039609A1 (ja) | 2017-08-24 | 2019-02-28 | 日本製紙株式会社 | リグニン誘導体化合物及びその用途 |
JP2019085281A (ja) * | 2017-11-02 | 2019-06-06 | 竹本油脂株式会社 | グラウト組成物 |
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