JP2007095684A - 軸方向配列の直接光学式結合を用いるled灯 - Google Patents
軸方向配列の直接光学式結合を用いるled灯 Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
- F21V29/70—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks
- F21V29/74—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
- B60Q1/26—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
- B60Q1/2696—Mounting of devices using LEDs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/10—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source
- F21S43/13—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S43/14—Light emitting diodes [LED]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S43/235—Light guides
- F21S43/236—Light guides characterised by the shape of the light guide
- F21S43/237—Light guides characterised by the shape of the light guide rod-shaped
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S43/235—Light guides
- F21S43/236—Light guides characterised by the shape of the light guide
- F21S43/241—Light guides characterised by the shape of the light guide of complex shape
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S43/235—Light guides
- F21S43/242—Light guides characterised by the emission area
- F21S43/243—Light guides characterised by the emission area emitting light from one or more of its extremities
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S43/235—Light guides
- F21S43/242—Light guides characterised by the emission area
- F21S43/245—Light guides characterised by the emission area emitting light from one or more of its major surfaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S43/235—Light guides
- F21S43/247—Light guides with a single light source being coupled into the light guide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
- F21V29/70—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks
- F21V29/74—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades
- F21V29/77—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades with essentially identical diverging planar fins or blades, e.g. with fan-like or star-like cross-section
- F21V29/773—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades with essentially identical diverging planar fins or blades, e.g. with fan-like or star-like cross-section the planes containing the fins or blades having the direction of the light emitting axis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4251—Sealed packages
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4256—Details of housings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4266—Thermal aspects, temperature control or temperature monitoring
- G02B6/4268—Cooling
- G02B6/4269—Cooling with heat sinks or radiation fins
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4274—Electrical aspects
- G02B6/428—Electrical aspects containing printed circuit boards [PCB]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4298—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements coupling with non-coherent light sources and/or radiation detectors, e.g. lamps, incandescent bulbs, scintillation chambers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
- G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
- G09F9/305—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being the ends of optical fibres
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
- F21K9/60—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction
- F21K9/61—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction using light guides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
- F21S45/40—Cooling of lighting devices
- F21S45/47—Passive cooling, e.g. using fins, thermal conductive elements or openings
- F21S45/48—Passive cooling, e.g. using fins, thermal conductive elements or openings with means for conducting heat from the inside to the outside of the lighting devices, e.g. with fins on the outer surface of the lighting device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V2200/00—Use of light guides, e.g. fibre optic devices, in lighting devices or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4249—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details comprising arrays of active devices and fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4292—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements the light guide being disconnectable from the opto-electronic element, e.g. mutually self aligning arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S362/00—Illumination
- Y10S362/80—Light emitting diode
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
- Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
- Arrangement Of Elements, Cooling, Sealing, Or The Like Of Lighting Devices (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
- Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
- Fastening Of Light Sources Or Lamp Holders (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】LED光源(10)は、前面(16)及び後面(18)を持つ本体(14)を有するヒートシンク(12)を備え、後面(18)には熱放散部(20)が設けられる。前面(16)は、構成要素(24)の受入れのためのポケット(22)を含み、構成要素は、少なくとも一つのLED(25)と該LED用の電気回路とを含む。ハウジング(26)は、フランジ(28)と、ヒートシンク(12)に構成要素(24)を固定する態様でポケット(22)へと適合される管状突起(30)とを有する。少なくとも一つのライトパイプ(34)を有する光学式光ガイド(32)は、管状突起(30)に配置され、該少なくとも一つのライトパイプ(34)各々は、光入力端部(34a)を有し、光入力端部(34a)は、該少なくと一つのLED(25)と集光配列にて一対一関係で固定される。
【選択図】図2
Description
本出願は、2005年9月26日付け出願の予備特許出願第60/720,395号からの優先権を主張する。
この発明は、一般に光源に関し、詳しくは、発光ダイオード(一又は複数のLED)を使用する光源に関する。更に詳しくは、この発明は、直接光学部品(direct optics)と共に使用するためのLED光源に関する。更に、この発明は、車両用の指示(方向指示)灯に特定の用途を有するLED光源に関する。
特許請求の範囲で定義される発明の範囲から逸脱することなく、当業者には、種々の変更及び変形がなされ得ることが明らかであろう。
12 ヒートシンク
14 本体
20 熱放射部
22 ポケット
24 構成要素
25、25a LED
26 ハウジング
28 フランジ
30 管状突起
32 光ガイド
34 ライトパイプ
34a 光入力端部
35 中央コア
35a サポート
36 光出力端部
37 光学部品
38 プリント回路基板
38a 中央開口
40 調節ワッシャ
42 コネクタ
Claims (17)
- LED光源であって、
前面と後面を有する本体にして、該前面が、構成要素の受け入れのためのポケットを含み、該構成要素が、少なくとも一つのLEDと該LED用の電気回路とを含む該本体と、
前記構成要素を本体に固定する態様で前記ポケットに嵌められるハウジングと、
管状突起に配置される少なくとも一つのライトパイプを有する光学式光ガイドにして、該少なくとも一つのライトパイプ各々が、前記少なくとも一つのLEDと集光整列にて一対一の関係で固定される光入力端部を有する光学式光ガイドとを備えたLED光源。 - 前記少なくとも一つのライトパイプ各々は、光を光学部品に向けるように形成された、光入力端部とは反対側の光出力端部を有する請求項1のLED光源。
- 前記構成要素は、前記電気回路を有するプリント回路基板と、該プリント回路基板上の中央に配置される調節ワッシャと、電源への接続のため、プリント回路基板を越えて延びる、プリント回路基板に配置される複数のコネクタとを更に含む請求項1のLED光源。
- 前記ポケットは中央ボスを含み、前記プリント回路基板は、該中央ボスを囲む中央開口と、該中央ボス上に配置される前記少なくとも一つのLEDを実装するメタルクラッドプリント回路基板とを含む請求項1のLED光源。
- 指示器であって、
本体に形成される第1面と反対側の第2面とを有すると共に、本体に形成され、実質的に中央に配置される光源受入れ開口とを有する受入れ領域と、
受入れ領域内に動作可能に前記第1面に対して取り付けられる光学部品にして、少なくとも一つの光入力窓部を有する該光学部品と、
前記第2面に対して取り付けられるLED光源にして、前記少なくと一つの光入力窓部に動作可能に接続される少なくとも一つの出力端部を持つ少なくとも一つのライトパイプを有する光学式光ガイドを含む該LED光源とを備えた表示器。 - 前記本体は車両の一部を含み、前記受入れ領域は凹部を含む請求項5の表示器。
- 前記本体は実質的に無反射色を有し、前記受入れ領域も同じ無反射色を有する請求項6の表示器。
- 光学式光ガイドであって、
中央コアと、
複数のライトパイプと、
各ライトパイプを支持する、中央コアから延びる複数のライトパイプサポートとを備え、
各ライトパイプは、光伝送材料から形成され、かつ、光入力窓部と、光出力窓部と、該入力窓部から出力窓部へと延びる内部反射壁とを有する光学式ガイド。 - 前記中央コアは、取付け孔を含む請求項8の光学式光ガイド。
- 前記入力窓部は実質上同一平面上にある請求項8の光学式光ガイド。
- 前記出力窓部は実質上同一平面上にある請求項8の光学式光ガイド。
- 前記ライトパイプの少なくとも一つは、対応するライトパイプサポートに対して弾力的に取り付けられる請求項8の光学式光ガイド。
- 前記ライトパイプサポートの少なくとも一つは、前記中央コアに対して弾力的に取り付けられる請求項8の光学式光ガイド。
- 前記各ライトパイプは、入力窓部からそれぞれの出力窓部へと延びる軸線を有し、該軸線は平行である請求項8の光学式光ガイド。
- 前記各ライトパイプは、前記入力窓部から前記出力窓部へと延びる軸線を有し、出力窓部からの光は地点Pに集束する請求項8の光学式光ガイド。
- 前記ライトパイプは、前記コアに対する共通軸線の周りに半径方向に配列される請求項8の光学式光ガイド。
- 複数のライトパイプと、複数の対応する光ガイドサポートと、前記コアとは単一部品として形成される請求項8の光学式光ガイド。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US72039505P | 2005-09-26 | 2005-09-26 | |
US60/720395 | 2005-09-26 | ||
US11/477731 | 2006-06-29 | ||
US11/477,731 US7588359B2 (en) | 2005-09-26 | 2006-06-29 | LED lamp with direct optical coupling in axial arrangement |
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JP2007095684A true JP2007095684A (ja) | 2007-04-12 |
JP5073999B2 JP5073999B2 (ja) | 2012-11-14 |
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JP2006259077A Expired - Fee Related JP5073999B2 (ja) | 2005-09-26 | 2006-09-25 | 軸方向配列の直接光学式結合を用いるled灯 |
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US (1) | US7588359B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1767967B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5073999B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101186440B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1955774B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2006203473B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2553533C (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI387126B (ja) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP1975710A2 (en) | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-01 | FUJIFILM Corporation | Plate-making method of lithographic printing plate precursor |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20070070645A1 (en) | 2007-03-29 |
EP1767967B1 (en) | 2013-03-13 |
KR20070034952A (ko) | 2007-03-29 |
CA2553533C (en) | 2014-11-04 |
TW200721544A (en) | 2007-06-01 |
TWI387126B (zh) | 2013-02-21 |
AU2006203473B2 (en) | 2011-06-23 |
EP1767967A2 (en) | 2007-03-28 |
CN1955774A (zh) | 2007-05-02 |
CA2553533A1 (en) | 2007-03-26 |
AU2006203473A1 (en) | 2007-04-19 |
JP5073999B2 (ja) | 2012-11-14 |
US7588359B2 (en) | 2009-09-15 |
KR101186440B1 (ko) | 2012-09-27 |
EP1767967A3 (en) | 2007-05-30 |
CN1955774B (zh) | 2012-07-18 |
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