JP2004509658A - 小腸粘膜下組織と真空包帯の組合せとその使用方法 - Google Patents

小腸粘膜下組織と真空包帯の組合せとその使用方法 Download PDF

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JP2004509658A
JP2004509658A JP2001585677A JP2001585677A JP2004509658A JP 2004509658 A JP2004509658 A JP 2004509658A JP 2001585677 A JP2001585677 A JP 2001585677A JP 2001585677 A JP2001585677 A JP 2001585677A JP 2004509658 A JP2004509658 A JP 2004509658A
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wound
vacuum
cover
dressing
sis
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コフィー,アーサー,シー.
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Abstract

外傷(12)を治癒するための外傷治療包帯(10)が提供される。包帯(10)は外傷面(16)に置かれるSIS層(14)と、外傷(12)を覆って置かれるカバー(18)とを含む。更に包帯(10)は真空空間(22)をつくるための構造(20)を含む。更に外傷の治癒を促進する方法も設けられる。その方法には、上述の外傷治療包帯(10)を外傷(12)に適用して、真空空間(22)に真空を作り、外傷(12)からSIS層(14)へ血液を制御して吸引することが含まれる。

Description

【0001】
<発明の背景>
本発明は外傷の治療に関し、特に真空包帯と組み合わせてSIS外傷治療カバーを使用することに関する。本発明では、装置とその装置を使用する方法とを両方検討する。
【0002】
小腸粘膜下組織(SIS)を外傷治療に使用することは周知であり、特に創傷清拭及び洗浄した後開いた外傷上に直接SISの層を付けることも周知である。SISは下記の米国特許第5,855,619号、第5,866,414号、第5,753,267号、第5,762,966号、第5,755,791号、第4,902,508号、第4,956,178号、第5,275,826号、第5,281,422号、第4,352,463号、第5,372,821号、第5,445,833号、第5,516,533号、第5,573,784号、第5,645,860号、第5,641,518号、第5,711,969号、第5,695,998号で説明されている。これらの特許ではSISの性質が開示される。
【0003】
SISは、広範囲にわたる解剖学的な欠損及び外傷性障害を修復し、支持し、安定させるために使用される天然無細胞生体材料(natural acellular biomaterial)として説明されている。例えば、クック・バイオテック(Cook Biotech)社が提供するCook(登録商標)Onlineニューリリース”www.cookgroup.com”を参照のこと。SIS材料は豚の小腸粘膜下組織から得られる組織操作されたコラーゲンマトリックスであり、人間の軟組織に移植されるとそのホストの性質を模倣する。また、その教示するところによれば、SIS材料は、ホスト細胞を引きつけて組織の再構築(remodeling)を支持する三次元的構造と生化学的構成を有する天然の骨格様マトリックス(natural scaffold−like matrix)を提供する。Surgisis(商標)軟組織修復生体材料及びOasis(商標)外傷包帯生体材料は、中間層皮膚損傷(partial thickness skin injury)の再構築のために入手可能である(クック・バイオテック社、インディアナ州ブルーミントン)。Oasis(商標)外傷包帯は一枚の層の有窓シート(fenestrated sheets)として設けられる。SISは外傷包帯として利用するのに容易に入手可能であることが理解されるであろう。
【0004】
小腸粘膜下組織は入手可能であるが、他の部位の粘膜下組織も組織再構築に有効であることが知られている。他の部位とは、胃、膀胱、消化管、呼吸器、及び生殖器の粘膜下組織を含むが、これらに限定されない。例えば、米国特許第6,171,344号、第6,099,567号、及び第5,554,389号を参照のこと。また、これらの様々な粘膜下組織材料は、ウシやヒツジなど豚以外のソースから得ることができるのは周知である。さらに、例えば粘膜固有層(lamina propria)や緻密細胞層(stratum compactum)などの他のコラーゲンマトリックスも周知である。
【0005】
外傷の治癒を促進するために、真空治療包帯を使用することも知られている。真空包帯とは外傷のまわりを密封するカバーを有する包帯であり、そのカバーの下には外傷面に作用するように真空が作られる。外傷面に加えられるこのような真空は、慢性外傷の治癒を加速する。代表的には、吸引管が外傷から滲出物を吸引するために設けられ、吸引管はカバーの下に真空を作るために使用することができる。カバーは、柔軟性のあるカバーであれば、典型的には患者により快適であり、そのカバーの下には多孔質のパッキングが設けられ、真空が形成される空間が設けられる。更に、外傷治療装置内のヒーターが治癒を促進することは周知である。米国特許第6,095,992号、第6,080,189号、第6,071,304号、第5,645,081号、第5,636,643号、第5,358,494号、第5,298,015号、第4,969,880号、第4,655,754号、第4,569,674号、第4,382,441号、及び第4,112,947号では、真空及び/又は熱治療包帯と装置の性質が説明されている。
【0006】
例えば、米国特許第5,645,081号(以下、’081特許という)に示されるように、外傷に負の圧力を加えて組織の損傷を治療する方法が提供されている。負の圧力は十分な期間と大きさで加えられ、外傷の閉合を容易にするために組織移動を促進する。特許番号’081の図1は、外傷を覆って置かれる連続気泡ポリエステル発泡体(open cell polyester foam section)と、発泡体部分に一端が挿入され真空ポンプに他端が取り付けられる中空フレキシブルチューブと、発泡体を覆って置かれる接着シートと、吸引ポンプが作動しているときに真空を作れるような密閉を形成するために外傷の周囲の皮膚に接着しているチューブとを開示する。’081特許は約0.1気圧と0.99気圧の間で負の圧力をかけ、その圧力はほぼ継続的に適用できることを更に教示しており、外傷の包帯を交換するときのみに圧力は軽減される。或いは、’081特許は、圧力をかける期間とかけない期間を交互に設けて、周期的な圧力をかけることを教示する。好ましい実施例では、圧力をかける期間とかけない期間を五分間隔にして、圧力がかけられる。
【0007】
本出願のライセンスが供与されるのと同じ承継人に与えられる以下の係属中の出願もまた、治癒を促進するために真空を使用することに関する。それら特許出願は、1999年8月5日に出願した「外傷治療装置」と題する米国出願第09/369,113号と、2000年11月29日に出願した「外傷の真空治療及び洗浄包帯」と題する米国出願第09/725,352号と、2000年11月29日に出願した「外傷治療装置」と題する米国出願第09/725,666号とである。
【0008】
様々な先行文献では、慢性外傷の表面に対する真空包帯や真空の使用の価値を教示している。真空治療の有効性を確立しているロシア語の文献がいくつかある。そのような先行文献の例のそれぞれは、治癒を促進するために外傷へ真空を適用することについて論じている。それら文献は、「軟組織及び化膿性外傷の急性化膿症(acute suppurative diseases)の治療における真空治療」、Davydov他、Vestn.Khir.、1998年9月(「1988年9月論文」)、「外傷の経過中における真空治療の影響の病原性機構」、Davydov他、Khirurigiia、1990年6月(「1990年6月論文」)、「化膿性授乳乳腺炎の治療における真空治療」、Davydov他、Vestn.Khir.、1986年11月(「1986年11月論文」)である。
【0009】
ロシア語の論文では、治癒のための外傷の排液法(drainage)を真空治療の使用と区別しており、真空治療では、従来の切開排液(incision−drainage)方法に比べて、より迅速に外傷の洗浄を行うことができ、より急速に解毒できるようになると報告されている。1986年11月の論文には、手術時に0.8から1.0気圧で20分間行い、引き続き0.1から0.15気圧の真空状態で1.5から3時間の治療を一日二度行う真空治療プロトコールが記載されている。これらのロシア語の論文では負の圧力の使用により治療が促進されることが教示されている。ロシア語の文献では更に、この真空方法を使用して外傷にある微生物の数を減少させることを更に教示している。1990年6月の論文は真空治療が有意な抗菌作用を有することを教示している。1990年6月の論文には、外傷のまわりの部位への血液の流入の増加と、それが炎症の中心に到達する白血球の数の増加につながることが述べられている。さらに、ロシア語の論文では、真空治療を使用して局所的な血液循環を改善することを教示している。1988年9月の論文は、外傷部位への血液の流入の改善と、それが修復過程を強化することを教示している。1990年6月の論文では、真空治療により血漿、細胞間液(intertissue fluid)、及びリンパが外傷へ移動するのを促進することを教示している。1990年6月の論文では、真空治療により処置された外傷においては、結合組織の細胞と非細胞の要素は、二倍速く現れると報告している。その後の論文や特許では、真空治療で得られる利益を更に発展させている。従って、先行技術は真空包帯の利点や価値を教示している。
【0010】
<発明の概要>
本発明によると、外傷からSIS材料への液体の流れを制御しつつ促進するために、SISと真空治療の利点を組み合わせた外傷治療包帯が提供される。従って、本発明は、周囲組織から外傷の上のSIS層へ液体を制御可能な状態で吸引し、それによってSISの治癒特性と再構成特性を増強する方法である。
【0011】
本発明はSISと外傷の上に空間を設ける構造を備え、その空間に、外傷からSISへ血液の流れを起こすように真空を生じさせる。更に、その方法は、外傷からSISへの最適な血液の流れを提供するために、真空レベルと真空の適用時間とを制御することを考慮に入れる。
【0012】
好ましい実施例では、外傷治療包帯は外傷と接触するように置かれるSIS層を含む。上述のように、外傷治療包帯はSIS層を覆って置かれる構造体を更に含み、その構造体は、SIS層と、その構造体とSIS層を覆って置かれるカバーとの間に真空空間をつくる。カバーは外傷のまわりの患者の皮膚に装着され、密閉した環境をつくる。真空源は、その構造体により作られる真空空間と連通するための外傷カバーと結合する。真空源は、外傷からSIS層を介して血液を吸引して治癒を促進することを目的として、密閉した環境内に真空をすくるために使用される。真空吸引はSIS層に血液を吸引するために十分なレベル、例えば125mmHgである。しかしながら、様々なレベルの真空吸引及び真空の適用期間のための様々なプロトコールは本発明の範囲内であることは理解されよう。
【0013】
更なる実施例では、空間を設ける構造体(space−providing structure)は、SIS層からカバーへ延びる空気流通路(air passageways)を有する多孔質や網目のパッド等の構造体である。更なる実施例では、空間を設ける構造体は、発泡体リング(foam ring)であってもよく、或いは、カバー自体は十分に剛性であれば、カバー自体であってもよい。
【0014】
従って、本発明の一態様では、外傷治療包帯が提供され、外傷に配置されるために形成されるコラーゲンマトリックスと、外傷のまわりに密閉した環境をつくるために外傷を覆って置かれるように構成され、真空源と連通するためのカバーと、コラーゲンマトリックスとカバーとの間に配置され、真空空間をつくるように構成される構造体とを備える。より好ましい実施例では、コラーゲンマトリックスは、粘膜下組織の層である。
【0015】
本発明の別の態様によると、外傷治療包帯が提供され、外傷の上に置かれるためのSIS層と、SIS層とカバーの内側表面との間に、真空源と結合可能である真空空間を設けるために外傷とSIS層を覆って置かれるためのカバーとを備える。
【0016】
本発明の更に別の態様によると、外傷治癒を促進する方法であって、外傷に置くためのSIS層と、真空空間を外傷の上につくるために外傷を覆って置かれるためのカバーと、SIS層とカバーとの間の真空空間を規定する構造体とを有する外傷治療包帯を設け、真空空間内を真空にして、外傷から外傷を覆うSIS層へ血液を制御できるように吸引する。
【0017】
本発明のまた別の態様は、外傷治癒を促進する方法であって、外傷面にSIS層を付け、SIS層を覆って置かれる支持構造体を置き、真空空間を規定するように、外傷とSIS層と支持構造体とを覆って置かれるカバーを配置して、カバーを真空源に連通して、真空空間内に真空を作る。
【0018】
本発明の更なる態様は、外傷治癒を促進する方法であって、外傷面にコラーゲンマトリックスを付け、外傷とコラーゲンマトリックスとを連結して真空空間を作り、外傷からコラーゲンマトリックスへ血液を吸引するために真空空間内に真空を十分な大きさと持続期間を持たせて作る。
【0019】
本発明の最後の態様は、外傷治癒を促進するキットであって、外傷と接する粘膜下組織層と、多孔質パッドと、外傷のまわりを密閉して真空源と連通するように構成されるカバーとを備える。
【0020】
本発明の更なる特徴及び利点は、現在把握されている本発明を実施するための最良の形態を例示する図示の実施例の詳細な説明を検討することにより、当業者に明らかとなるであろう。
【0021】
<図面の詳細な説明>
図1から図5に示されるように、外傷治療包帯10は創傷清掃した外傷12に使用されるように提供される。図1を参照すると、包帯10は、外傷12の外傷面16に隣接して配置される小腸粘膜下組織(SIS)層14を含む。包帯10は、真空空間22をつくるために、外傷12と、SIS層14とカバー18との間に配置される構造体20、120、220及び320とを覆って置かれるためのカバー18を有する。カバー18は、外傷12、SIS層14及び構造体20、120、220、及び320を密閉した環境内に閉じこめるために、外傷12を囲む患者の皮膚24の一部分に装着される。包帯10は真空空間22を真空源26に連通するための手段を更に含む。従って、外傷治療包帯10は、SIS層14の治癒特性と、真空治療により与えられる促進とを兼ね備える。
【0022】
外傷面16に直接適用されるSIS層14は、SIS層14の下で流体が集積するのを防止するために、有窓(或いは有孔質)であってもよい。そのような窓28は、例えば、図2に示される。皮膚移植片を有窓にするための機器も利用することが可能であり、そのような機器を使用してSIS層14を有窓にすることも考えられる。SIS層14における、このような窓28や穿孔により、外傷12からの血液が上方にSIS層14へ移動して細胞を沈着できるようになり、SIS層14のSIS構成において組織の成長を開始させる。
【0023】
更に、SIS層14は一枚のSISシート或いは複数枚のSISシートを含むように構成されてもよい。複数枚のSISシートを含むSIS層14に対しては、シートは互いにどのような向きに配置しても良い。さらに、SIS層14が、包帯10に使用するための適当な厚さを有することは本発明の開示の範囲内である。従来から、複数の粘膜下組織片を融合して粘膜下組織の更に大きなシートを形成できることが知られている。米国特許第5,711,969号を参照のこと。好ましい実施の形態においては、SIS層14がいかなる複雑な外傷や外傷面にも合うようにするため、SIS層14は外傷に適する大きさであり、可撓性を有する。更には、新鮮、冷凍、或いは凍結乾燥した形で提供されたSISで外傷を治癒することが知られている。凍結乾燥したSISは乾燥した形態で用いても良く、或いは使用前に水で戻してもよい。
【0024】
いくつかの付加的な実施形態において、例えば図1に示すように、SIS層14を外傷面16に対して固定した位置で保持するように、創傷清掃した外傷面16とSIS層14との間に生物学的接着剤30が用いられる。使用されるある種の生物学的接着剤30は、例えばフィブリン密封剤(sealant)である。しかしながら、SIS層14を外傷面16に対して固定して保持するために十分なあらゆる種類の生物学的接着剤が含まれることは、本発明の開示の範囲内である。
【0025】
SISは豚の小腸粘膜下組織であることが意図されている。本明細書ではSISと称されているが、小腸粘膜下組織は他の動物源、例えば牛、羊、或いは他の温血哺乳類から得られてもよいことが理解されよう。また、様々な組織からの他の粘膜下組織も、同様に組織再構築に有効であることは周知である。他の粘膜下組織としては、胃、膀胱、消化器系、呼吸器系、及び生殖器系の粘膜下組織を含むが、それらに限定されない。そのような粘膜下組織から得られるマトリックスは、高度に保存されているコラーゲン、糖タンパク質、プロテオグリカン、及びグリコサミノグリカンであってもよい。更には、生物学的な骨格(biological scaffolds)として機能できる他のコラーゲンマトリックスも周知である。従って、好ましい実施例はSISを使用するが、他のコラーゲンマトリックスも本発明の範囲内で使用することができると理解される。
【0026】
包帯10の構造は、SIS層14とカバー18の間に真空空間22を形成するように与えられる。ある構造体がカバー18を支持する一方、外傷面16とSIS層14に空気流通路を設ける。図1に示すように、その構造体は好ましくは網目状か多孔質のフィラーかパッド20であり、パッド20を介する空気流通路(図示しない)を有する。パッド20は、いかなる複雑な外傷或いは外傷面にも順応するように、そして患者に快適であるように、かなり可撓性を持つことが好ましい。また、処置される外傷の全部分に適切な真空が適用されるように、構造体の厚さが選択されることが好ましい。更には、網目状の可撓性パッド20の厚さtが約1から2センチメートルであることがより好ましい。外科医は、網目状の或いは多孔質のパッド20を、SIS層14より大きく、また外傷12より更に大きくなるように切断することができる。
【0027】
多孔質パッド20は上述の通りであるが、SIS層14とカバー18との間に空間を形成して、外傷面16へ負の圧力を伝達するために外傷12から空気を流れさせることができるあらゆる構造体も、本発明の範囲に含まれる。図3に示すように、その構造体120はガーゼであってもよいが、図4に示すように、その構造体はフォームリング220であるか、或いはカバー18をSIS層14から離して位置させるための他のリングであってもよい。リング220は、そのリング220の内壁221により規定される開口を含む。従って、真空空間22はSIS層14と、カバー18と、リング220の内壁221とにより規定される。
【0028】
図5に示すように、例えば、その構造体は、カバー18をSIS層14の上に支持する剛性ドーム、或いは好ましくは半剛性ドーム320であってもよい。半剛性ドーム320は外傷12を囲む患者の皮膚に隣接して置かれるための下部材(lower member)322と、通常SIS層14から離れて位置する上部材(upper member)324と、SIS層14とは離れた位置で上部材324を支持する中間部材(middle member)326とを備える。半剛性ドーム320は、例えば、同様にほぼドーム形であってもよい。多孔質パッド20、フォームリング220、半剛性ドーム320など、構造体の例が挙げられているが、真空源(vacuum service)26と連通するためにSIS層14の上とカバー18の下にある、いかなる空間を設ける構造体も、包帯10という本発明の開示の範囲内にある。
【0029】
包帯10のカバー18は、構造体と、SIS層14と、外傷12とを完全に密閉するために、その空間を形成する構造体を覆って置かれる。カバー18は外傷12を囲んでいる患者の皮膚24に装着される。例えば、カバー18は外傷12のまわりの皮膚24の表面に接着する薄い透明の非多孔質接着シートであり、真空の密閉空間を提供する。図1や図3〜図5には、カバー18を皮膚24に装着するための接着剤33が示されている。例えば、Tegaderm(商標)(3Mヘルス・ケア・リミティド(セント・ポール、ミネソタ州))などの商品はカバーとして適切である。しかしながら、適切な非多孔質で不浸透性或いは半透性のシートならどんなシートを含んでも良いというのは、本発明の開示の範囲内である。患者の快適のためには可撓性か半剛性シートが好ましいが、ガラスドームなどの剛性カバーも本発明の範囲内である。剛性カバーが使用される場合、真空空間を設けるように剛性カバーを構成することができるため、空間を設ける構造体は別個に必要ではない。
【0030】
血液が外傷12と外傷面16へ流れるのを促進するために、外傷治療包帯10の真空空間22は真空源26と結合される。真空用チューブ32は、例えば、真空空間22や真空源26と流体連通とするために設けることが可能である。図1に示されるように、真空用チューブ32はカバー18に結合し、真空空間22と連通する。チューブ32の第一端40はカバー18の開口に結合するつば34を含む。図示されるように、チューブ32の第二端42は真空源26に結合される。
【0031】
他の実施例では、図3〜図5に示すように、例えば、チューブ32はカバー18の下で真空空間22内に配置される。カバー18はチューブ32のまわりで密封されて、真空が適当に作用するように密封空間を作る。その空間に配置されて外傷から過度の排液を吸引するように構成される吸引管により真空とするようにしてもよい。米国特許第4,969,880には、外傷包帯と真空源の間の別の種類の流体連通システムが開示されている。更には、図3と図4に示すようにチューブ32の第一端40は構造体120或いは220に配置されるが、第一端40はSIS層14上に直接配置されることが可能であると理解される。更に、チューブ32はJackson Pratt(商標)ドレインであってもよく、第一端40付近にその長手方向に穴が配置されると理解される。
【0032】
制御された期間にわたり、真空空間22を真空にしておくことができる。例えば、最初のうち、血液をSIS層14へ、例えば125mmHgまでで吸引するのに十分な期間にわたり真空は適用される。本発明では、真空の量や適用回数に対し異なるプロトコールを発展させることが考えられていると理解される。また、外傷から出た過剰の排液を運びだすように配置され構成される多孔性チューブにより、真空にしてもよいことも理解されるだろう。
【0033】
外傷12を治癒するにあたり、介護者は最初に外傷面16を洗浄して準備する。一旦外傷面16が準備されれば、包帯10は外傷に装着される。SIS層14は外傷12を覆って配置されて、準備された外傷面16をカバーする。構造体20、120、220及び320は、真空空間を規定するためSIS層14を覆い、カバー18は外傷12と、SIS層14と、構造20とを覆って置かれる。カバー18は真空源26に結合される。最終的に、血液を外傷からSIS層14へ吸引するために、真空空間22には十分な大きさと期間にわたり吸引がなされる。付加的に、包帯10を装着する前に、生物学的接着剤30が外傷面16に置かれてもよい。
【0034】
外傷からSISの層に血液の流入を促進するように、真空はあらゆる大きさ或いは期間にわたり適用することができる。好ましくは、真空は0.1から0.99気圧で適用されて、更に好ましくは0.1から0.15気圧で適用される。一実施例においては、治癒するまで真空は殆ど継続的に適用される。別の実施例では、真空は適用期間と不適用期間で使用され、不適用期間では、構造体及びカバーを外すことができる。このように交互に使用される期間中、数日間、毎日一つ或いは二つの適応期間があってもよい。更に別の実施例においては、負の圧力は五分間の適用期間や不適用期間で使用される。
【0035】
SISは外傷に組み込まれて周囲の組織に類似するように再構築できることは周知である。従って、真空の大きさや適用期間は異なることもあるが、好ましい実施例では治療の期間においてSISは外傷の表面に置かれたままである。付加的な実施例では、SISが外傷に組み込まれるように追加のSISの層を加えてもよい。その追加の層は局所の組み込み部位に配置されるさらにより小さい断片でもよく、或いは、真空により血液の流れがSIS層へ促進されるために、外傷面の大きさ全面に合った層(full size pieces)であってもよい。
【0036】
従って、本発明の一実施例においては、外傷を治癒する方法であり、外傷面を準備して、外傷に包帯を装着して、外傷からSIS層へ血液を吸引するように真空空間に吸引を適用する工程を有し、包帯は、外傷とSIS層の間に真空空間を規定するための、外傷とSIS層の上のカバーと、外傷とを覆って、SIS層を固定させる。
【0037】
本発明は、特定の実施例を参考にして詳細に述べてきたが、変更や修飾は、請求の範囲に述べられ規定されるような発明の範囲に存在する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】
図1は、創傷清掃した外傷と外傷治療包帯との断面図であり、SIS層と、多孔性パッド或いはフィラーと、外傷治療包帯のカバーとを示し、更に、真空源に至るためのチューブと連通した外傷治療包帯のカバーを示す。
【図2】
図2は、図1に示されたSIS層の平面図であり、SIS層に有窓を示す。
【図3】
図3は、別の創傷清掃した外傷と別の外傷治療包帯の断面図であり、外傷治療包帯はSIS層と、真空空間を提供する壁構成と、一端が真空空間と連結し他端が真空源と連結してカバーの下に配置される真空チューブとを含む。
【図4】
図4は、創傷清掃した外傷を覆って置かれる別の外傷治療包帯を示す、本発明の別の実施例の断面図であり、その包帯は、SIS層と、真空源と連通して真空空間を規定するリング状の構造体と、その構造体を覆って配置されるカバーとを含んでいることを示す。
【図5】
図5は、本発明の更に別の実施例における包帯の断面図であり、包帯が、真空源と連通する真空空間を規定する半剛性壁構造を含んでいることを示す。

Claims (38)

  1. 外傷に配置されるために形成されるコラーゲンマトリックスと、
    前記外傷のまわりに密閉した環境をつくるように外傷を覆い、真空源と連通するためのカバーと、
    前記コラーゲンマトリックスと前記カバーとの間に配置され、真空空間をつくるように構成される構造体と
    を備える外傷治療包帯。
  2. 前記コラーゲンマトリックスが粘膜下組織層を有する請求項1に記載の包帯。
  3. 前記粘膜下組織がSIS層である請求項2に記載の包帯。
  4. 前記SIS層が一枚以上のSISのシートを含む請求項3に記載の包帯。
  5. 前記SIS層が有窓である請求項3に記載の包帯。
  6. 前記外傷と前記コラーゲンマトリックスの間に配置され、前記コラーゲンマトリックスを前記外傷に対して固定して保持するための生物学的接着剤(biological glue)を、更に含む請求項1に記載の包帯。
  7. 前記接着剤がフィブリン密閉剤である請求項6に記載の包帯。
  8. 前記カバーは第一面と第二面とを有し、前記第一面は前記外傷に隣接する皮膚に接着する接着剤を含む請求項1に記載の包帯。
  9. 前記カバーは、前記真空源と連通するためのポートを更に含む請求項8に記載の包帯。
  10. 前記構造体は、前記カバーと前記SIS層との間の空気通路を含み前記真空空間を規定するための多孔質パッドである請求項3に記載の包帯。
  11. 前記パッドは、前記外傷に合うように切断できるようになっている請求項10に記載の包帯。
  12. 前記パッドは可撓性材料を含む請求項10に記載の包帯。
  13. 前記パッドは約1から2センチメートルの厚さを有する請求項10に記載の包帯。
  14. 前記構造体は、その内壁により規定される開口を有するリングであり、前記真空空間は前記コラーゲンマトリックスと前記カバーと、前記リングの前記内壁により規定される請求項1に記載の包帯。
  15. 前記構造体は、前記コラーゲンマトリックスから離れて、前記カバーに隣接して配置されるように構成される半剛性壁である請求項1に記載の包帯。
  16. 前記半剛性壁は、
    前記外傷を囲む患者の皮膚に隣接して配置されるための下部材と、
    前記SIS層から離れた位置に配置されるように構成される上部材と、
    前記上部材と前記下部材とに一体的に結合する中間部材とを備え、
    前記中間部材は前記SIS層とは離れた位置で前記上部材を支持する請求項15に記載の包帯。
  17. 前記半剛性壁はドーム形である請求項15に記載の包帯。
  18. 前記カバーを前記真空源に連通するチューブを更に備える請求項1に記載の包帯。
  19. 外傷の上に配置されるためのSIS層と、
    前記外傷と前記SIS層とを覆って置かれるように構成されるカバーであって、前記SIS層と前記カバーの内表面との間に真空源に連通できる真空空間を設けるためのカバーと、
    を備える外傷治療包帯。
  20. 前記カバーを前記真空源に連通する真空用チューブを更に備える請求項19に記載の包帯。
  21. 外傷に置かれるためのSIS層と、外傷を覆って置かれ真空空間を外傷の上に形成するためのカバーとを有する外傷治療包帯を設けるステップと、
    前記外傷から、前記外傷を覆って置かれる前記SIS層へ血液を制御しながら吸引する前記真空空間を真空にするステップと、
    を含む外傷治癒を促進する方法。
  22. 前記外傷から前記SIS層へと流体を制御して吸引するために、前記真空は適用期間と不適用期間で適用される請求項21に記載の方法。
  23. 前記外傷から前記SIS層へと血液を制御して吸引するために、前記真空源が一定の速度で適用される請求項21に記載の方法。
  24. 真空を作るステップに約0.1から0.15気圧の真空を作ることが含まれる請求項21に記載の方法。
  25. 前記SIS層と前記カバーとの間に前記真空空間を規定するように配置される構造体を更に有する請求項21に記載の方法。
  26. 外傷面にSIS層を付けるステップと、
    前記SIS層を覆って支持構造体を配置するステップと、
    真空空間を規定するために、前記外傷と、前記SIS層と、前記支持構造体とを覆ってカバーを配置するステップと、
    前記カバーを真空源に連通するステップと、
    前記真空空間内に真空をつくりだすステップと
    を含む外傷治癒を促進する方法。
  27. 外傷面に第一コラーゲンマトリックスを適用するステップと、
    前記外傷と前記第一コラーゲンマトリックスと連通する真空空間を作りだすステップと、
    前記外傷から前記第一コラーゲンマトリックスへ血液を吸引するのに十分な大きさと期間で、前記真空空間内に真空を作るステップと
    を含む外傷治癒を促進する方法。
  28. 前記第一コラーゲンマトリックスは粘膜下組織層を有する請求項27に記載の方法。
  29. 前記粘膜下組織層はSIS層である請求項28に記載の方法。
  30. 前記真空を作りだすステップが、前記真空空間を設けるために、前記第一コラーゲンマトリックスと前記カバーとの間に構造体を配置することを含む請求項27に記載の方法。
  31. 前記構造体は、前記カバーと前記第一コラーゲンマトリックスの間の空気通路を含み前記真空空間を規定するための多孔質パッドである請求項30に記載の方法。
  32. 前記構造体は、その内壁により規定される開口を有するリングであり、
    前記真空空間は前記第一コラーゲンマトリックスと、前記カバーと、前記リングの前記内壁とによって規定される請求項30に記載の方法。
  33. 前記構造体は、前記第一コラーゲンマトリックスから離れた位置に置かれて前記カバーに隣接するように構成される半剛性壁である請求項30に記載の方法。
  34. 前記真空は適用期間と不適用期間でつくられる請求項27に記載の方法。
  35. 前記真空は、前記第一コラーゲンマトリックスが前記外傷面に一体化し始めるのに十分な期間にわたり作られて、
    第二コラーゲンマトリックスを第一コラーゲンマトリックスの位置を覆って置くステップを更に有する請求項27に記載の方法。
  36. 前記外傷と接する粘膜下組織層と、
    多孔質パッドと、
    前記外傷のまわりを密閉して真空源と連通するように構成されるカバーと
    を含む外傷治癒を促進するキット。
  37. 真空チューブを更に含む、請求項36に記載のキット。
  38. 前記粘膜下組織層がSISである請求項37に記載のキット。
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US10966869B2 (en) 2021-04-06

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