HRP20120203T1 - Postupak i uređaj za obradu biomase - Google Patents

Postupak i uređaj za obradu biomase Download PDF

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HRP20120203T1
HRP20120203T1 HR20120203T HRP20120203T HRP20120203T1 HR P20120203 T1 HRP20120203 T1 HR P20120203T1 HR 20120203 T HR20120203 T HR 20120203T HR P20120203 T HRP20120203 T HR P20120203T HR P20120203 T1 HRP20120203 T1 HR P20120203T1
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torrefaction
chamber
drying
gas
reactor
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HR20120203T
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Christiaan Albert Bergman Peter
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Stichting Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C10L5/442—Wood or forestry waste
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C10L5/445—Agricultural waste, e.g. corn crops, grass clippings, nut shells or oil pressing residues
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C10L9/08—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by heat treatments, e.g. calcining
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C10L9/08—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by heat treatments, e.g. calcining
    • C10L9/083—Torrefaction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Coke Industry (AREA)

Abstract

Postupak za obradu materijala, poput biomase ili otpada, koji se sastoji u:- osiguravanju materijala koji sadrži nešto preostale vlage,- osiguravanju torefakcijskog reaktora (10),- grijanju materijala u torefakcijskom reaktoru (10) do temperature torefakcije u atmosferi s malo kisika u torefakcijskom reaktoru (10), gdje se materijal prevodi u torificirani materijal, naznačen time što materijal koji sadrži preostalu vlagu je uglavnom posve osušen u komori za sušenje (54) otparavanjem preostale vlage, torefakciju osušenog materijala se uglavnom provodi u komori za torefakciju (55) torefakcijskog reaktora (10), materijal se transportira kroz torefakcijski reaktor (10) u smjeru transporta (B), sušenje materijala u komori za sušenje (54) se provodi dovođenjem u nju vrućeg plina za sušenje, koji protječe kroz komoru za sušenje (54) sustrujno kretanju materijala, a torefakciju materijala u komori za torefakciju (55) torefakcijskog reaktora se provodi dovođenjem u nju vrućeg plina za torefakciju, koji protječe kroz komoru za torefakciju (55) torefakcijskog reaktora (10) protustrujno kretanju materijala. Patent sadrži još 15 patentnih zahtjeva.

Claims (16)

1. Postupak za obradu materijala, poput biomase ili otpada, koji se sastoji u: – osiguravanju materijala koji sadrži nešto preostale vlage, – osiguravanju torefakcijskog reaktora (10), – grijanju materijala u torefakcijskom reaktoru (10) do temperature torefakcije u atmosferi s malo kisika u torefakcijskom reaktoru (10), gdje se materijal prevodi u torificirani materijal, naznačen time što materijal koji sadrži preostalu vlagu je uglavnom posve osušen u komori za sušenje (54) otparavanjem preostale vlage, torefakciju osušenog materijala se uglavnom provodi u komori za torefakciju (55) torefakcijskog reaktora (10), materijal se transportira kroz torefakcijski reaktor (10) u smjeru transporta (B), sušenje materijala u komori za sušenje (54) se provodi dovođenjem u nju vrućeg plina za sušenje, koji protječe kroz komoru za sušenje (54) sustrujno kretanju materijala, a torefakciju materijala u komori za torefakciju (55) torefakcijskog reaktora se provodi dovođenjem u nju vrućeg plina za torefakciju, koji protječe kroz komoru za torefakciju (55) torefakcijskog reaktora (10) protustrujno kretanju materijala.
2. Postupak u skladu s patentnim zahtjevom 1, naznačen time što torefakcijski reaktor (10) sadrži komoru za sušenje (54) i komoru za torefakciju (55).
3. Postupak u skladu s patentnim zahtjevom 1, naznačen time što se komora za sušenje nalazi u sušioniku za preostalu vlagu, a komora za torefakciju se nalazi u torefakcijskom reaktoru.
4. Postupak u skladu s bilo kojim od prethodnih patentnih zahtjeva, naznačen time što materijal sadrži čvrste čestice koje se kreću kroz torefakcijski reaktor (10) u obliku kompaktnog pokretnog sloja.
5. Postupak u skladu s bilo kojim od prethodnih patentnih zahtjeva, naznačen time što plin za sušenje nakon što se kretao sustrujno kretanju materijala i tako se ohladio, napušta komoru za sušenje i dovodi se u prvi izmjenjivač topline, koji grije taj plin za sušenje, nakon čega se plin za sušenje, zagrijan u prvom izmjenjivaču topline, dovodi u komoru za sušenje (54), a plin za torefakciju, nakon što se kretao protustrujno kretanju materijala i tako se ohladio, napušta komoru za torefakciju i dovodi se u drugi izmjenjivač topline, koji grije taj plin za torefakciju, nakon čega se plin za torefakciju, zagrijan u drugom izmjenjivaču topline, dovodi u komoru za torefakciju (55).
6. Postupak u skladu s bilo kojim od prethodnih patentnih zahtjeva, naznačen time što se osiguravanje materijala sastoji u dovođenju relativno vlažne sirovine u sušionik (3), te grijanju materijala u sušioniku (3) kako bi se otparilo vlagu iz materijala, dok nešto preostale vlage ostaje u materijalu, dok se materijal osušen u sušioniku (3) odvodi u komoru za sušenje (54).
7. Postupak u skladu s bilo kojim od prethodnih patentnih zahtjeva, naznačen time što je temperatura vrućeg plina, dovedenog u komoru za torefakciju (55) u rasponu od 200-400 °C, primjerice otprilike 300 °C.
8. Postupak u skladu s bilo kojim od prethodnih patentnih zahtjeva, naznačen time što je temperatura vrućeg plina, dovedenog u komoru za sušenje (54) u rasponu od 50-600 °C, primjerice otprilike 350 °C.
9. Uređaj za obradu materijala, poput biomase ili otpadnog produkta, gdje navedeni uređaj sadrži torefakcijski reaktor (10), kojeg se može puniti materijalom koji sadrži nešto preostale vlage, gdje navedeni torefakcijski reaktor (10) ima ulaz (11) za dovođenje tog materijala u torefakcijski reaktor (10), grijač (12) za grijanje materijala u torefakcijskom reaktoru (10) do temperature torefakcije, uređaj za obradu zraka kojim se u torefakcijskom reaktoru stvara atmosfera s malo kisika, gdje se tijekom rada u navedenom reaktoru materijal može prevesti u torificirani materijal, te izlaz (13) za uklanjanje torificiranog materijala, naznačen time što torefakcijski reaktor (10) sadrži komoru za sušenje (54) i komoru za torefakciju (55), gdje je navedena komora za sušenje (54) prilagođena za uglavnom potpuno sušenje materijala otparavanjem preostale vlage, navedena komora za torefakciju (55) je prilagođena za torefakciju materijala, komora za torefakciju (55) se nalazi nizvodno od komore za sušenje (54) kada se promatra u smjeru protoka materijala, a komora za sušenje (54) ima najmanje jedan ulazni otvor (12a) za plin za sušenje i najmanje jedan izlazni otvor (15) za navedeni plin za sušenje i moguće za plin i/ili paru što se stvara kod otparavanja preostale vlage, gdje se navedeni ulazni otvor (12a) za plin za sušenje nalazi na kraju komore za sušenje (54) koji je sučelice ulazu (11), a izlazni otvor (15) se nalazi na suprotnom kraju komore za sušenje (54), te gdje komora za torefakciju (55) ima najmanje jedan ulazni otvor (12b) za plin za torefakciju i najmanje jedan izlazni otvor (14) za navedeni plin za torefakciju i plin za torefakciju što se stvara u postupku torefakcije, gdje se navedeni ulazni otvor (12b) za plin za torefakciju nalazi na kraju komore za torefakciju (55) koji je sučelice izlazu (13), a izlazni otvor (14) se nalazi na suprotnom kraju komore za torefakciju (55).
10. Uređaj u skladu s patentnim zahtjevom 9, naznačen time što sadrži dva izmjenjivača topline, gdje prvi izmjenjivač topline služi za grijanje plina za sušenje i povezan je s ulaznim otvorom i izlaznim otvorom komore za sušenje kako bi se omogućilo kruženje plina za sušenje, a drugi izmjenjivač topline služi za grijanje plina za torefakciju i povezan je s ulaznim otvorom i izlaznim otvorom komore za torefakciju kako bi se omogućilo kruženje plina za torefakciju.
11. Uređaj u skladu s patentnim zahtjevom 9 ili 10, naznačen time što je dodan sušionik (3), kojeg se može puniti relativno vlažnim materijalom, koji ima grijač (6) za grijanje tog materijala kako bi se otparilo vlagu iz materijala, dok nešto preostale vlage ostaje u materijalu, te time što je sušionik (3) povezan s komorom za sušenje (54), radi dovođenja osušenog materijala u sušioniku (3) u komoru za sušenje (54).
12. Uređaj u skladu s bilo kojim od patentnih zahtjeva 9-11, naznačen time što, kada se promatra u smjeru protoka materijala, komora za sušenje (54) se nalazi između ulaza (11) za materijal i komore za torefakciju (55), a komora za torefakciju (55) se nalazi između komore za sušenje (54) i izlaza (13) za torificirani materijal.
13. Uređaj u skladu s bilo kojim od patentnih zahtjeva 9-12, naznačen time što se torefakcijski reaktor (10) pričvršćuje za periferni zid (50), a komora za sušenje (54) i komora za torefakciju (55) se nastavljaju kao produžetak jedna drugoj unutar perifernog zida (50).
14. Uređaj u skladu s patentnim zahtjevom 13, naznačen time što se torefakcijski reaktor (10) postavlja u uspravnom položaju, te time što periferni zid (50) ima više ulaznih otvora (12a), jedan iznad drugog, za dovođenje plina za sušenje.
15. Uređaj u skladu s bilo kojim od patentnih zahtjeva 9-14, naznačen time što izlaz (13) je povezan s komorom za hlađenje (40), te time što se torificirani materijal može dovesti iz komore za torefakciju (55) u komoru za hlađenje (40).
16. Uređaj u skladu s patentnim zahtjevom 15, naznačen time što komora za hlađenje (40) ima ulazne otvore (41) za dovođenje plina za hlađenje.
HR20120203T 2006-01-06 2012-03-01 Postupak i uređaj za obradu biomase HRP20120203T1 (hr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1030864A NL1030864C2 (nl) 2006-01-06 2006-01-06 Werkwijze en inrichting voor het behandelen van biomassa.
PCT/NL2007/050003 WO2007078199A1 (en) 2006-01-06 2007-01-08 Process and device for treating biomass

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HRP20120203T1 true HRP20120203T1 (hr) 2012-03-31

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Country Link
US (1) US8105400B2 (hr)
EP (1) EP1969099B2 (hr)
JP (1) JP5118060B2 (hr)
CN (1) CN101379167B (hr)
AP (1) AP2469A (hr)
AT (1) ATE544835T2 (hr)
AU (1) AU2007203837B2 (hr)
BR (1) BRPI0706225B1 (hr)
CA (1) CA2636285C (hr)
CR (1) CR10131A (hr)
DK (1) DK1969099T4 (hr)
EA (1) EA012806B1 (hr)
ES (1) ES2380961T5 (hr)
HN (1) HN2008001023A (hr)
HR (1) HRP20120203T1 (hr)
MX (1) MX2008008751A (hr)
MY (1) MY162050A (hr)
NL (1) NL1030864C2 (hr)
NO (1) NO341548B1 (hr)
NZ (1) NZ569611A (hr)
PL (1) PL1969099T5 (hr)
PT (1) PT1969099E (hr)
RS (1) RS52254B (hr)
SI (1) SI1969099T1 (hr)
UA (1) UA91888C2 (hr)
WO (1) WO2007078199A1 (hr)
ZA (1) ZA200805887B (hr)

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