EP3765391A2 - Vorrichtungen und anlagen zum automatisierten lagern und kommissionieren von gütern und verfahren zum betrieb solcher vorrichtungen und anlagen - Google Patents
Vorrichtungen und anlagen zum automatisierten lagern und kommissionieren von gütern und verfahren zum betrieb solcher vorrichtungen und anlagenInfo
- Publication number
- EP3765391A2 EP3765391A2 EP19712670.9A EP19712670A EP3765391A2 EP 3765391 A2 EP3765391 A2 EP 3765391A2 EP 19712670 A EP19712670 A EP 19712670A EP 3765391 A2 EP3765391 A2 EP 3765391A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- conveyor
- goods
- conveying
- module
- unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G37/00—Combinations of mechanical conveyors of the same kind, or of different kinds, of interest apart from their application in particular machines or use in particular manufacturing processes
- B65G37/02—Flow-sheets for conveyor combinations in warehouses, magazines or workshops
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G1/00—Storing articles, individually or in orderly arrangement, in warehouses or magazines
- B65G1/02—Storage devices
- B65G1/04—Storage devices mechanical
- B65G1/0478—Storage devices mechanical for matrix-arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G1/00—Storing articles, individually or in orderly arrangement, in warehouses or magazines
- B65G1/02—Storage devices
- B65G1/04—Storage devices mechanical
- B65G1/137—Storage devices mechanical with arrangements or automatic control means for selecting which articles are to be removed
- B65G1/1373—Storage devices mechanical with arrangements or automatic control means for selecting which articles are to be removed for fulfilling orders in warehouses
- B65G1/1376—Storage devices mechanical with arrangements or automatic control means for selecting which articles are to be removed for fulfilling orders in warehouses the orders being assembled on a commissioning conveyor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G37/00—Combinations of mechanical conveyors of the same kind, or of different kinds, of interest apart from their application in particular machines or use in particular manufacturing processes
- B65G37/005—Combinations of mechanical conveyors of the same kind, or of different kinds, of interest apart from their application in particular machines or use in particular manufacturing processes comprising two or more co-operating conveying elements with parallel longitudinal axes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
- B65G47/52—Devices for transferring articles or materials between conveyors i.e. discharging or feeding devices
- B65G47/53—Devices for transferring articles or materials between conveyors i.e. discharging or feeding devices between conveyors which cross one another
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G1/00—Storing articles, individually or in orderly arrangement, in warehouses or magazines
- B65G1/02—Storage devices
- B65G1/04—Storage devices mechanical
- B65G1/137—Storage devices mechanical with arrangements or automatic control means for selecting which articles are to be removed
- B65G1/1373—Storage devices mechanical with arrangements or automatic control means for selecting which articles are to be removed for fulfilling orders in warehouses
- B65G1/1378—Storage devices mechanical with arrangements or automatic control means for selecting which articles are to be removed for fulfilling orders in warehouses the orders being assembled on fixed commissioning areas remote from the storage areas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G2203/00—Indexing code relating to control or detection of the articles or the load carriers during conveying
- B65G2203/02—Control or detection
- B65G2203/0208—Control or detection relating to the transported articles
- B65G2203/0216—Codes or marks on the article
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G2203/00—Indexing code relating to control or detection of the articles or the load carriers during conveying
- B65G2203/02—Control or detection
- B65G2203/0208—Control or detection relating to the transported articles
- B65G2203/0233—Position of the article
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G2203/00—Indexing code relating to control or detection of the articles or the load carriers during conveying
- B65G2203/02—Control or detection
- B65G2203/0208—Control or detection relating to the transported articles
- B65G2203/0258—Weight of the article
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
- B65G47/52—Devices for transferring articles or materials between conveyors i.e. discharging or feeding devices
- B65G47/64—Switching conveyors
- B65G47/641—Switching conveyors by a linear displacement of the switching conveyor
- B65G47/642—Switching conveyors by a linear displacement of the switching conveyor in a horizontal plane
Definitions
- the invention relates to a conveyor module for the horizontal conveying of goods units in two mutually perpendicular directions, a system for storing and / or order picking units, and a method for controlling such a system.
- Automated warehouses, sorting systems and order-picking systems are important elements of intralogistics systems, in particular for efficiently storing and outsourcing general cargo units or goods units or goods units in a desired quantity and order, for example for processing in a production process, during order picking orders, or for interfacing with other transport systems such as trucks or rail wagons. For reasons of efficiency, it is desirable to carry out the necessary transport operations and handling operations AS POSSIBLE automatically.
- a problem with intralogistics transport and handling operations may be the inconsistency of the goods being transported and stored. Therefore, various transport carriers on which or in which the goods can be stored are known from the prior art, so that the carriers can be transported or handled more easily with goods to be transported as a goods unit. For example, goods deliveries are provided and transported on standardized pallets, for example on Europool pallets. Such standardized pallets can be automatically transported with appropriate automated devices or stored / outsourced in storage systems. Equally well-known is the use of other subcarriers such as platforms, baskets, and other basic structures, etc., on or in which the cargo is arranged for transport and / or storage.
- DE 102015217958 A1 describes an automatic parking garage in which a user places a vehicle on a transfer station on a carrier platform, and the carrier platform with the vehicle is then automatically stored in a multi-storey warehouse. From the transfer station, the carrier platform is transported by belt conveyors to a lifting device, which then transports the carrier platform onto the intended plane of the warehouse.
- the storage levels are provided with grid-shaped rectangular transport devices which are capable of conveying carrier platforms horizontally, selectively either along the longitudinal axis of the transport device or transversely to the longitudinal axis. For this purpose, conveyor belts are arranged in pairs on the sides of the transport device.
- one conveyor belt pair is raised or the other conveyor belt pair is lowered so that a carrier platform rests only on a conveyor belt pair and can be conveyed unhindered by it.
- a transport device thus corresponds functionally to a two-dimensional belt conveyor.
- An introduced in a storage level carrier platform is conveyed by the transport devices to an unoccupied storage area and left there.
- the desired vehicle on the carrier platform is then automatically relocated from the warehouse and transported to the transfer station, where the user can take over the vehicle again.
- a plurality of conveyor modules moves specially adapted to the conveyor modules pallets in two directions in the horizontal.
- the conveyor modules have three in a first x-direction parallel roller conveyor elements, and perpendicular thereto in a second y-direction two pairs of parallel roller conveyor elements.
- the roller conveyors in the x-direction and y-direction are raised to convey the pallet stored thereon in the corresponding direction.
- the pallets have intersecting, recessed channels on their underside, on the base of which the rollers of the conveyor module rest during the conveying process.
- the width of the running channels corresponds to that of the rollers, so that when conveying the pallet in a conveying direction, the pallet is fixed positively in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the conveying direction.
- the correct alignment of the special pallets is always ensured, but only special pallets adapted to the conveyor system can be used.
- EP 2184424 A1 describes another automatic parking garage system.
- the delivery modules have on their upper side a plurality of freely rotatably mounted balls. These support ball bearings can permanently support a pallet located on the conveyor module, while at the same time minimizing rolling resistance in the horizontal direction.
- the pallets are specially adapted to the conveyor modules, and have on their underside intersecting grooves with a running surface made of polyamide, on which the support ball bearings of the conveyor module rest permanently. When conveying a pallet in the horizontal, the pallet is fixed in a form-fitting manner perpendicular to the conveying direction. The correct alignment of the special pallets is always ensured.
- pairs of gear drive gears can be selectively lifted, so that part of the timing belt run is in operative connection with a toothed rail on the underside of the pallet. Even with this conveyor system only special, adapted to the conveyor pallets can be used.
- US 2014/277693 A1 shows an automatic storage system in which transport vehicles can move horizontally in two mutually perpendicular directions on wheels on a rail system. Depending on the desired axis of movement is raised or lowered one of two sets of wheels, so that in each case only one wheelset rests on the associated rails.
- a conveyor in which a plurality of conveyor belts of a belt conveyor are provided between a plurality of conveyor rollers of a roller conveyor parallel to said rollers.
- a transport device is on one of the aforementioned trolley is arranged to transfer goods from one trolley to the other.
- the object of the invention is to provide conveyor modules and logistics systems of the type mentioned above which do not have the above-mentioned and other disadvantages.
- a conveyor module according to the invention should be flexible in use and easy to assemble.
- An installation according to the invention should be able to efficiently pick and / or store units of goods in a small space requirement.
- Another object of the invention is to operate a plant according to the invention in such a way that stored goods units can be swapped out again quickly and efficiently.
- a further object is to provide a delivery module according to the invention or a system according to the invention which can be produced at lower cost and / or require less maintenance. According to the present invention, these objects are achieved by the elements of the independent claims. Further advantageous embodiments are also evident from the dependent claims and the description. The solution according to the invention can be further improved by various, each advantageous and, unless otherwise stated, any combination with each other Ausgestaltun conditions. These embodiments and the verbun with them which benefits will be discussed below.
- piece goods or goods unit generally refers to individually transportable units, such as workpieces, semifinished products and products in production processes, spare parts, consumer goods, stacks of stackable goods, for example stacks of printed products, but also containers and transport carriers for goods such as boxes, containers, pieces of luggage, barrels, packages, pallets, etc.
- containers and transport carriers for goods such as boxes, containers, pieces of luggage, barrels, packages, pallets, etc.
- general cargo, goods unit and pallet are used as synonym in this description unless otherwise stated.
- One aspect of the invention relates to an advantageous conveyor module for the horizontal conveying of goods units, comprising a basic structure for mounting the conveyor module on a substrate; a first conveying device which is adapted to convey a goods unit in a first conveying direction in the horizontal; a second conveying device which is adapted to convey a goods unit in a second conveying direction in the horizontal, wherein the second conveying direction is substantially perpendicular to the first conveying direction; a support structure which is adapted to carry a goods unit; a first lifting device arranged to raise and / or lower the first conveying device in the vertical with respect to the carrying structure and / or the second conveying device between a lower position and an upper position; and a second lifting device configured to raise and / or lower the second conveying device in the vertical with respect to the carrying structure and / or the first conveying device between a lower position and an upper position; wherein a goods unit located on the conveyor module rests on the support structure when the first conveyor and the second conveyor are in the lower position.
- the support structure may, for example, comprise two or more parallel horizontal supports, or a continuous horizontal plate.
- An inventive conveying module allows three functional configurations: In a first conveying configuration, the first conveying device can convey a goods unit in the X direction. In a second conveying configuration, the second conveying device promote a goods unit in the Y direction. In a third storage configuration, a goods unit can be stored on the conveyor module.
- An inventive conveyor module makes it possible to bring the two conveyor devices in a storage configuration in which the goods unit rests on the support structure, but not on the conveyor devices. In this way, a goods unit for a longer period of time can be left on a conveyor module without the conveyor devices being exposed to a constant weight load. Accordingly, components of the conveyors may be made of materials that are easier or less expensive, such as polymeric materials, without prolonged storage periods may cause damage to the conveyor devices, such as material fatigue or deformation. Such a conveying module according to the invention is correspondingly particularly advantageous for use in systems in which goods elements are not moved over a relatively long period of time, for example in a storage system.
- the dimensioning and the carrying capacity and delivery rate of a conveyor module according to the invention is advantageously adapted to the dimensions and the weight of the goods to be conveyed.
- a base of a conveyor module of, for example, 600x800 mm is sufficient for the transport of goods units in the size of suitcases, boxes, aircraft trolleys, etc. with a weight of for example up to 150 kg.
- a footprint of 900x1300 mm and a load capacity of 1200 kg is sufficient for the conveyance of pallets according to the Europool standard.
- For the promotion of heavy loads can be provided even greater footprint or even greater load.
- a base area of 2200x3500 mm and a load capacity of 4000 kg are sufficient for the conveyance of machines or larger machine parts.
- an inventive conveyor module on an electronic control device which is adapted to the operation of the first and second winningvorrich device and the first and second lifting device to control.
- control device of a conveyor module has a network interface to a local data network, for example an Ethernet interface or a WLAN interface. It can also be provided two or more interfaces, so that, for example, multiple network modules can be linear or tree-like connected, so as to form the data network.
- the first conveyor defines a first support plane, defines the second conveyor device a second support plane, and defines the support structure a third on-level, wherein in the upper position of the first conveyor or in that the second conveyor device has the first support plane or the second support plane arranged above the third support plane, and wherein a goods unit located on the conveyor module rests on the uppermost of the three said support planes.
- the first lifting device translates the first conveyor device when raising or lowering between the lower position and the upper position; and / or the second lifting device translates the second conveyor when raising or lowering between the lower position and the upper position.
- the first lifting device rotates the first conveying device when raising or lowering between the lower position and the upper position; and / or the second lifting device rotates the second conveying device when raising or lowering between the lower position and the upper position.
- Such a rotating movement may in particular include a tilting movement relative to the vertical.
- a conveyor may be rotatably mounted on one side on a horizontal axis. In the upper position, the conveyor is horizontally aligned and located above the support structure, and in the lower position, the conveyor is tilted with respect to the horizontal so that it lies below the support structure.
- Such a variant allows a less complex lifting device than in a translational movement.
- a further advantageous embodiment of a conveyor module according to the invention has a third lifting device, which is set up to raise and / or lower the carrying structure in the vertical with respect to the basic structure between a lower position and an upper position.
- the first conveyor device can be immovable with respect to the basic structure
- the second conveyor device can be displaceable in the vertical direction with respect to the first conveyor device
- the carrier structure can be displaced with respect to the basic structure be.
- the third lifting device in this case corresponds at the same time to the first lifting device, since it can lift and / or lower the first conveying device in the vertical with respect to the carrying structure between a lower position and an upper position.
- the third lifting device is also controlled via the control device of the conveyor module.
- the lifting and lowering of the support structure can be done by a translational movement and / or rotation of the support structure.
- the first conveying device, the second conveying device and optionally the traction structure can each be moved as a unit, or divided into different elements.
- individual belt conveyors of a conveying device can be moved differently and / or independently of one another, or the carrying structure can have various supporting parts which can be moved differently and / or independently of one another.
- sensor devices are provided for detecting the passage of a goods unit during a conveying process, and / or sensor devices for determining the orientation of a goods unit located on the conveyor module, and / or sensor devices for reading out an identification element, for example one RFID or egg nes optical code, located on the conveyor module goods unit.
- An inventive conveyor module advantageously has means for weighing a goods unit located on the conveyor module.
- a conveyor module according to the invention can furthermore advantageously have means for attaching a data element to a goods unit located on the conveyor module.
- a labeling device can be provided which attaches to a label attach a goods unit.
- a barcode printing device which advantageously prints a barcode on the goods unit without contact, for example a distance inkjet printer.
- a device which can attach RFID units to the goods devices for example RFID labels.
- An inventive conveyor module advantageously has a substantially rectangular basic shape. This facilitates in particular a grid-shaped arrangement.
- An inventive conveyor module advantageously has one or more guide elements, which are adapted to spatially limit movements of goods units arranged on and / or conveyed by the conveyor module in the horizontal plane in a specific direction.
- the at least one Lei telement a rotatable about the vertical guide wheel.
- the at least one guide element comprises a parallel to an outer side of the conveyor module arranged guide rail or a baffle.
- the at least one guide element is advantageously movable back and forth between a first position and a second position.
- the at least one guide element In the first position, the at least one guide element is operative and can spatially limit movements of goods units arranged on and / or conveyed by the conveyor module in the horizontal plane in a certain direction.
- the at least one guide element In the second position, the at least one guide element is not operative and can not spatially limit a horizontal movement of a goods unit.
- the first conveyor device and / or the second conveyor device of a conveyor module according to the invention is advantageously a belt conveyor or a roller conveyor.
- the first conveyor device and / or the second conveyor device is particularly advantageous, a belt conveyor in which the conveyor belts rest on a roller arrangement and / or a roller bearing.
- the conveyor belts can be configured as continuous belts or as composite modular belts.
- the first conveyor device and / or the second conveyor device is particularly advantageous, a belt conveyor comprising two or more conveyor belts, in particular two or more parallel conveyor belts.
- the two or more conveyor belts can run at different speeds.
- the two or more conveyor belts can be controlled separately by a control device of the conveyor module.
- Another aspect of the invention relates to an advantageous system for storing and / or picking goods units comprising a plurality of conveyor modules according to the invention as discussed above; and a control device for controlling said conveyors.
- Equipment according to the invention may be used to pick randomly provided commodity units and to provide the resulting groups of commodity units in a predetermined order for further use, for instance for loading.
- systems according to the invention allow efficient storage of goods units with regard to volume utilization while at the same time providing optimized access time to stored goods units. Such applications are particularly advantageous in the case of expensive storage volumes, for example in a cold room, drying room or ripening room, or in a cargo hold of a ship.
- the processes of picking and storing can also be combined in a system according to the invention.
- units of goods can be introduced into an installation according to the invention in any order, picked there, and then ready for picking and / or stored ready for later removal. If, at a later date, the order of the units of material in question is changed, the plant can re-commission the stored units.
- the conveyor modules are advantageously arranged in one or more rectangular grids on which goods units in the two conveying directions can be displaced.
- the conveyor modules are arranged in a plurality of rectangular grids, on which goods units can be displaced in the two conveying directions, wherein the various rectangular grids are arranged on one or more levels, and conveyors, for example conveyor modules or Lifting devices are operatively connected to each other.
- a multi-level arrangement results in better space utilization, allowing for increased storage space, and / or increasing picking efficiency, as more maneuver space is available.
- a plurality of transport platforms on the conveyor modules angeord net, on which goods units storable and can be conveyed together with the transport platform in the system.
- control device of the system comprises at least one control unit which is set up to control the conveyor modules and a planning unit which is set up to determine conveyor operations and to transmit corresponding conveying instructions to the at least one control unit.
- the control device may comprise a plurality of control units which, for example, each control only a subset of the conveyor modules of the system, for example the conveyor modules of a specific plane or a specific grid.
- control device of the system is set up to carry out a method according to the invention, as will be discussed below.
- a further aspect of the invention relates to a method for controlling a system according to the invention as described above for storing and / or picking goods units, in which goods units are moved on a first grid of conveyor modules in such a way that a specific goods unit is moved to a certain point of the unit Grid comes to rest, while the goods units are distributed on the grid so that at least one conveyor module remains unoccupied and forms a gap; and the particular goods unit at the particular point is removed from the plant or conveyed to another grid; wherein the above steps are repeated such that those taken from the plant or in a second grid of conveyor modules subsidized units constitute a certain sequence.
- the units of goods removed from the plant or conveyed into a second grid are grouped according to specific order picking orders for further use.
- quality units will be distributed to a plurality of third grid fields from delivery modules, from which they can be removed again at a later time and used for further steps.
- the goods units it will be particularly advantageous for the goods units to be distributed to the third grids in such a way that the average necessary time until, on average, a goods unit would be available for further use does not exceed a certain value.
- a method according to the invention is carried out with an inventive system.
- Yet another aspect of the invention relates to a method for controlling a conveyor module according to the invention, in which the first conveyor device and / or the second conveyor device is a belt conveyor comprising two or more conveyor belts, in particular two or more parallel conveyor belts.
- the first conveyor device and / or the second conveyor device is a belt conveyor comprising two or more conveyor belts, in particular two or more parallel conveyor belts.
- the orientation of a goods unit is determined with respect to the horizontal conveying directions of the conveyor module
- the said unit is at least partially stored on two or more redesignbän countries of the conveyor module;
- the said conveyor belts are controlled so that the combined movement of the conveyor belts due to the adhesion and / or GleitreibBankes of the conveyor belts with said goods unit causes a rotation movement of the goods unit to the vertical.
- Such a method makes it possible to detect and actively correct misalignments of goods units. This makes it possible to promote goods units that are not are specially adapted to the conveyor modules used and in particular have no Füh guiding elements with which a conveyor module could interact.
- an actual rotational movement and / or translational movement of the goods unit is determined in such a method according to the invention and the corresponding data are used to control the two or more conveyor belts of the conveyor module.
- Figure 1 shows schematically in perspective view an embodiment of an inventive system for the automatic picking of piece goods in a small space.
- FIG. 2 schematically shows the system according to the invention from FIG. 1, in a top view.
- Figure 3 shows schematically another embodiment of erfindungsgeffleäs sen system, in a plan view.
- Figure 4 shows schematically another embodiment of erfindungsgemääs sen system, in a plan view.
- FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of a detail of a further embodiment of a picking system according to the invention.
- FIG. 6 shows schematically in a perspective view a section of an advantageous embodiment variant of a system according to the invention with a picking field on three levels.
- FIG. 7 schematically shows a topological representation of the picking field from FIG. 6.
- FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of an xy delivery module according to the invention, as provided in the devices of FIGS. 1 and 2.
- FIG. 9 shows schematically in perspective view another embodiment of an inventive xy conveying module.
- Figure 10 shows schematically another embodiment of an inventive sen xy conveyor module, (a) in perspective view, and (b) in a walls ren perspective view without housing and basic structure.
- Figure 1 1 shows schematically in plan a detail of another embodiment of an inventive xy conveyor module.
- FIG. 12 schematically shows another embodiment of an xy conveying module according to the invention in plan view.
- Figure 13 shows schematically in plan view a single level of erfindungsgemääs sen system, which is designed as a multi-storey warehouse.
- Figure 14 shows schematically the functional connections between conveyor modules and the system control in a possible embodiment of an inventive arrangement according to the invention.
- FIG. 15 schematically shows various phases (15a, 15b, 15c, 15d) of a method for position correction of a goods unit on a grid of xy conveyor modules.
- Figure 16 shows schematically in cross-section an advantageous embodiment of a
- Feeding module with baffles (16 a) in a raised position of the guide plate, and (16 b) in a lowered position of the baffle. Ways to carry out the invention
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show an advantageous embodiment of a picking system 90 according to the invention, which is especially suitable for automatically picking goods units and providing them grouped in the correct order according to the commission orders.
- the device 90 comprises a picking field 92, in the illustrated embodiment consisting of 5 ⁇ 3 grid-shaped on ordered xy conveyor modules 60.
- the corresponding xy conveyor modules 60 are discussed in detail below in connection with Figure 8, 9 and 10.
- the conveyor modules 60 allow the horizontal conveying of goods units, in the illustrated example Europool pallets 111 with containers 112 stacked thereon, either along the x-axis or the y-axis.
- the order-picking system 90 in particular the various conveyor modules 60, 96, 97 ', is controlled by a control device 100, which is connected via a suitable wire-based data connection to the conveyor modules, which will be discussed in greater detail. A wireless data transmission to individual or all system elements is possible.
- the plant controller 100 sends control commands to the individual conveyor modules, and can receive status messages and other data from the conveyor modules.
- a conveying module 96 which conveys in the x-direction allows the transfer of a goods unit to the order-picking field 92, namely to a specific input point A of the grid.
- a forklift 1 14 or a pallet truck or other transport vehicle With the help of a forklift 1 14 or a pallet truck or other transport vehicle, a pallet / goods unit 1 11 on two parallel belt conveyors of the x-conveyor module 96 of this transfer point U is arranged.
- the conveyor vehicle 114 may be implemented as an autonomously controlling unit or operated manually, or it may be operated remotely controlled by an operator or a parent Steuervorrich device.
- the asset control device 100 is notified of the identity of the transferred pallet / goods unit, for example by scanning a barcode or by reading other suitable identification means, for example an RFID.
- the two belt conveyors of the x-conveying module 96, U and the aligned two belt conveyors of the adjoining xy conveying module 60 which represents an input point A of the order-picking field 92, convey the goods unit to said conveying module 60, A, as shown in FIG .
- the various units of goods 1 1 1 are continuously arranged by suitable positional displacements on the grid so that the units of goods can be placed dynamically in a desired order on a particular xy delivery module 60 representing an exit point B of the raster , From this conveyor module 60, B can each be a goods unit on a xy- conveyor module 60 (entry point C) of an adjacent staging field 94 transfe ration.
- the staging area 94 consists of three xy conveyor modules 60 and subsequently 3x5 y conveyor modules 97 conveying in the y direction.
- the staging area 94 serves as an intermediate storage for the ready-picked goods units.
- the goods units can in turn be taken over by a forklift 1 14' or a pallet truck, in order subsequently to be loaded, for example, into a truck.
- Such a commissioning system 90 makes it possible, among other things, to largely automate the picking and provision of delivery orders.
- a picking system 90 according to the invention is to be used for loading a truck, as in the example shown, the pallets of individual delivery orders must be provided in such a way that they are grouped according to destination in appropriate sequence, that is to say in opposite order to the planned delivery run of the truck can.
- the quality units in the destination or commisioning order must be provided in the necessary loading order on the deployment field 94.
- the corresponding goods units can then be removed and loaded at the sampling points without the need for further sorting operations.
- quality units of a group belonging to a picking order which can be loaded without a specific order, are simultaneously deposited at the unloading points and removed and loaded there.
- the pallets of the next picking order are preferably conveyed to the picking points D only when all the unit units of a preceding picking order have been loaded. In this way, it is ensured in a manner that the loading order of the pallets is correct, without a driver of a forklift truck 1 14 'needs more information or make their own decisions, which error sources are avoided. Alternatively, it can also be communicated via ge suitable signaling means which freight units already loaded can be. These signaling means may be provided, for example, on the conveyor modules of the 97 'of the sampling points. Conceivable, for example, optical signaling such as a simple red-green light signal system, or a screen display, etc. Also possible is a corresponding display on a display of the forklift.
- the corresponding conveyor vehicles are autonomously controlling units or if they are operated by remote control automatically by a higher-level control device, the corresponding instructions are advantageously transmitted to the autonomous control device of the conveyor vehicle or the higher-level control device.
- a goods unit at the output point B of the order-picking field 92 can be removed and distributed over the three xy modules 60 of the deployment field 94 to the three columns extending in the y-direction of the deployment field.
- the plant control device 100 maneuvers the xy transfer modules 60 of the picking field such that the goods units steadily shift on the grid so that the required goods units can land and be taken from the starting point B and the entry point A picks up a new goods unit is available.
- the control device 100 determines the necessary movements of the goods units in order to achieve the necessary sorting of the goods units at the point B. Simulations are carried out over a certain period of time in order to carry out the sorting while optimizing certain target values, such as throughput, energy efficiency. If necessary, the exchange of identical units of goods between different picking orders can also be taken into account. Also, data on future picking orders or the identity of anticipated new units of goods can be taken into account, in particular information on any existing pre-sorting. Experience can also be taken into account, as well as information on operating personnel (eg number, break times, working hours, shift change, etc.), and provided and actual timetables for the trucks, etc. To increase the speed of the necessary shift operations can within the physically possible in Grid multiple displacement operations are performed simultaneously, so for example, the shift of a goods unit from a first to a second module, and the displacement of another goods unit from a third to a fourth module.
- the displacement operations are advantageously clocked, which simplifies the synchronization of the parallel conveying operations. It is also possible that a first conveyor module promotes a goods unit in a certain direction to a second conveyor module, and at the same time receives on the
- haftge translated side of a third module another goods unit Such combinations of shifting operations may be advantageous in terms of time or energy requirements, but this is always the case. Correspondingly, such possible combinations of motion processes can also be part of a simulation of the control device and incorporated into the decision-making process of the control device 100.
- control device 100 can also take this into account by designating the corresponding grid as blocked until the disturbance is remedied, or simulation solutions which use this grid are discarded. Even a partial failure, for example, the failure of the belt conveyor of a conveyor module only in one of the two directions, can be considered accordingly.
- a core parameter, which determines the speed of picking, and thus the maximum possible throughput of a picking system, is the number of available gaps in the grid of the picking field, ie the number of unoccupied conveyor modules.
- a goods unit can be conveyed from any position in the grid to any other arbitrary position, in particular from entry point A to departure point B, as long as there is a single gap is available for maneuvering the goods units.
- the speed of the overall process rapidly drops to zero. Accordingly, this must be taken into account in the design of a picking system according to the invention.
- a feeder for example a driver of a forklift 1 14, does not need any information about a specific goods unit which he has to transfer to the order-picking system 90 at the transfer point U.
- the control device 100 can dynamically take into account the effective positions of the individual unit units newly supplied, for example by continuous adaptation of the simulations underlying the control of the unit unit offsets.
- the order-picking system 90 can influence the delivery, for example by informing by appropriate signaling means to which of several transfer points the next unit of goods is to be deposited. It is also possible to indicate by means of appropriate displays which forklift is to deposit its goods unit at which transfer point.
- system control device 100 temporarily prevents the further supply of new goods units by overcrowding in order to prevent an excessive reduction of the throughput of a picking system.
- the corresponding conveyor vehicles are autonomously controlling units or if they are operated by remote control automatically by a higher-level control device, the corresponding instructions are advantageously transmitted to the autonomous control device of the conveyor vehicle or the higher-level control device.
- the feeding of the goods units can also be automated, for example by remote-controlled conveyor vehicles or suitable automatic remote conveyor systems such as belt conveyors, roller conveyors, etc.
- weighing means in one or more conveyor modules, which allow the weight of a goods unit located thereon to be determined.
- a pair of belt conveyors may be arranged on corresponding scale sensors, so that the weight of a goods unit stored thereon can be determined.
- the entire delivery module can also be arranged on a balance.
- Corresponding data on the weight of a goods unit can be used for Post-control used, for example, to verify the identity or the loading of a pallet by comparing the measured weight with a target weight according to the charge specification. Further, the weight information can be used to plan the optimal loading of a truck. Due to the modularization into individual xy conveyor modules 60, devices according to the invention can be flexibly adapted to different local conditions.
- This embodiment includes not only the geometry of the picking field and the deployment field and the number and position of the input points A and Entnah meis D. Accordingly, concrete embodiments of the invention picking systems look very different.
- the orientation of the conveyor modules in the preceding and following discussed embodiments of inventive picking systems is to be understood purely by way of example.
- the xy conveyor modules can alternatively be arranged rotated by 90 ° in the grid.
- a picking field 92 consists of xy conveyor modules 60 on a 16x7 grid.
- the order-picking system 90 in particular the various conveyor modules 60, 96 ', 97, 97 ", are in turn controlled by a system control device 100.
- the staging field is integrated into the picking field, or the staging field and the picking field are created in a common grid.
- Such a topology of the grid allows for a more flexible use of the commisioning facility, since, as needed, certain areas of the grid can be reserved primarily for one or the other function or both, and this assignment can be changed on an ongoing basis.
- Such a grid can be used particularly advantageously as a dynamic buffer for goods units. Since the provision of picking order groups can be made more flexible on a local level, goods units in the picking area can not only be sorted, but the picking field can also provide some short-term storage capacity for the goods units.
- the grid of the picking field can also contain gaps. In the example shown, for example, in the picking 92 a gap 99 without conveyor module before seen, in which, for example, non-movable infrastructure elements can be arranged, for example, a support structure of a hall roof.
- the order-picking field can be loaded with new pallets / goods units via y-conveying modules 97 "at seven entry points A.
- goods units can be transferred to corresponding y-conveying modules 97 of the associated picking points D.
- a forklift 114 takes over the pallets / goods units and loads them into a truck
- three groups of removal points D are provided in the upper area of FIG. 3, each assigned to a truck port Group of take-off points D in the form of x-feed modules 96 'assigned to a fourth truck port
- xy conveyor modules 60 can also be provided in the staging areas and the transfer points U or removal points D. be used. This functionally enlarges the order picking area. It is also possible to arrange the transfer points U and / or removal points D within the picking field at its edge, as shown in the following example.
- FIG. 4 shows such a further advantageous embodiment variant of a picking system 90 according to the invention, having a picking field 92 consisting of 9 ⁇ 7 ⁇ y conveyor modules 60.
- a picking field 92 consisting of 9 ⁇ 7 ⁇ y conveyor modules 60.
- Four of the xy conveying modules 60 are provided as transfer points U on the left edge of the picking field 92.
- a forklift 114 can now place a new goods unit 111 at one of these four transfer points U on the corre sponding conveyor module.
- the plant control device 100 can make Vorga ben, which are the transfer points to use, for example by ent speaking signaling.
- a handover may be permitted at any of the transfer points U which is currently unoccupied.
- Such an interpretation of a picking system has the advantage that the plant control 100 can manage the order picking 92 more flexible because the Sprintga points U can also be used for maneuvering the goods units on the commissioning 92 if necessary.
- two groups of three xy modules 60 are provided as output points D at the upper edge of the order picking field 92, from which goods units can be taken with a forklift 114 'in order to load them, for example, into a lorry.
- the division into two groups of sampling points offers the advantage that each group can be assigned a truck port. Two fork-lift trucks can thus take freight units and load them into one truck without having to cross each other. This increases the operational safety.
- a y-conveying module 97 is also provided at the lower edge of the picking field 92, which takes over goods units 11 supplied by a long-distance conveying system 16 and transfers them to the order picking field 92.
- a removal system 16 can, for example
- the remote conveying system allows, for example, to transfer the required goods units to the remote conveying system 16 in a storage facility remote from the location, instead of transporting them individually to the picking installation 90
- the quality units located on the remote conveyor system 116 can be taken into account by the system controller for controlling the maneuvering processes and, for example, can be incorporated into the planning simulations.
- the goods units are standardized pallets, in particular Europool pallets.
- transport carriers are used, which are intended for a single use only, and are manufactured in accordance with cost-effective and less stable.
- such carriers can only have block-like feet instead of the longitudinally continuous feet of Europool pallets.
- the transport carrier can even be made of less stable but inexpensive cardboard elements. The low mechanical stability and the variety of shapes makes the automatic transport and the automatic handling of such goods units, in particular the conveyance with transport modules according to the invention, more difficult.
- a support structure as a carrier platform be configured, for example in the form of a rigid metal sheet or a grid.
- a metal sheet can be additionally provided with a structuring or non-slip surface coating, as known from the prior art, to increase the static friction.
- carrier platforms allow a safe and efficient transportation process even from very different goods units. Mixed operation, for example with Europool pallets and cargo units on carrier platforms, is also possible.
- a carrier platform can also be provided with an individual identification. If a goods unit is deposited on a specific carrier platform and thereby identified, for example by scanning a barcode or the like, then the identity of the goods unit can be assigned to the identity of the carrier platform. The goods unit can thus be tracked on your way through the picking system. Although this is also the case in the already discussed variants of the commissioning systems. The plant control knows at any time, due to the shift operations carried out, which goods unit / pallet are on which Ras terfeld (target state). However, additional identification of the carrier platforms at certain control points, or in the maximum case at each conveyor module, allows verification with the actual state. Malfunctions, for example due to malfunctions of individual conveyor modules, can be detected so quickly. Furthermore, it is thus also possible for goods units which are already delivered on carrier platforms to be fed into the order-picking system, for example from a long-distance conveyor system, without the need to re-identify the goods unit promoted thereon.
- a picking system according to the invention with carrier platforms is operated, this can have an effect on the operation and the layout of the order picking system.
- an unoccupied carrier platform In order to deposit a goods unit on a carrier platform at a transfer point, an unoccupied carrier platform must first be conveyed to this transfer point. Likewise, after removal of a goods unit at a removal point D, the now unoccupied carrier platform must be transported away again in order to make room for the next carrier platform to be unloaded. Accordingly, in such a case, a control device of a picking system must organize both the conveyance of loaded support platforms from the entry points to the exit points, as well as the conveyance of empty support platforms from the exit points to the entry points.
- a temporary storage of temporarily unneeded carrier platforms can be provided.
- a device can be provided which picks up unoccupied carrier platforms from the picking system and, for example, temporarily stores them in a stacked manner. If required, carrier platforms can then be returned to the picking system.
- the dimensions of a goods unit or a carrier platform respectively corresponded essentially to the dimensions of the conveyor modules, so that in each case one goods unit can be arranged on a conveyor module.
- the length and / or width of a carrier platform in a picking system according to the invention may be greater than the length and / or width of the conveyor modules used.
- the length and / or width of a Trä ger may be a multiple of the length and / or width of the conveyor modules used.
- FIG. 5 shows a small 3 ⁇ 3 section of a delivery field of a plant according to the invention.
- the carrier platform 20 covers the area of 2x2 conveyor modules 60.
- FIG. 6 shows by way of example a section of a 3 ⁇ N picking field of a picking system 90 according to the invention, which extends over three levels 12 a, 12 b, and 12 c.
- the basic structure of the upper levels 12b, 12c is not shown for clarity.
- two superposed planes are connected in pairs by suitable lifting devices 16, 16 ', with a linear x-conveying module arranged thereon for loading and unloading the lifting device.
- the lift 16 connects the levels 12b and 12, and the lift 16 'connects the levels 12a and 12b.
- the lifting devices are shown as examples only as schematic telescopic lifting devices.
- the picking field of FIG. 6 can be represented in a plane in an opaque manner, as shown in FIG.
- level 12a is advantageously used primarily for the provision of commission orders to be taken second level 12b primarily for the maneuvering operations of the picking, and the third level 12c primarily for intermediate storage of empty carrier platforms and goods units, which are not needed in the short term.
- FIG. 8 An embodiment of an inventive xy delivery module 60, as used in the order picking of the preceding figures is shown in Figure 8 in a simplified form.
- a base structure 61 in the form of a base plate four belt conveyors are arranged.
- two belt conveyors 63a, 63b and 65a, 65b are arranged in parallel along the outward sides of the base plate 61.
- the belt conveyors advantageously have in addition to the two drive and tension rollers also a plurality of support rollers, which can accommodate the weight of a goods unit located thereon.
- advantageously structured chain conveyor belts can be used.
- both the belt conveyor pair 63a, 63b along the x-axis and the belt conveyor pair 65a, 65b are in a lowered position along the y-axis.
- the two belt conveyor pairs 63a, 63b and 65a, 65b can be lifted independently, separately or simultaneously, vertically.
- the belt conveyors can be raised or lowered by scissor mechanisms or eccentric devices.
- Corresponding lifting mechanisms can be operated, for example, via electric drives or also pneumatically or hydraulically.
- the necessary stroke in the z-direction is comparatively low, since only has to be ensured that a belt conveyor pair in the lowered position no longer relevant contact with one on the conveyor module 60 carrier platform or goods unit has, if the other band conveyor pair is in the elevated position. Short strokes are advantageous with respect to the switching speed.
- a delivery module has the necessary means for connection to a Stromver supply, such as a cable with plug.
- a Stromver supply such as a cable with plug.
- one to three outlets are also provided on the conveyor module, which are connected directly to the power connector and in turn allow the connection of other conveyor modules. In this way, the power supply of all modules can be created tree-like over the modules, and it can be dispensed with the installation of separate power lines. The dimensioning of the power lines must be adjusted accordingly.
- the conveyor module 60 further has its own integrated control device 80 which controls and monitors the conveying direction and conveying speed of the belt conveyors, as well as the lifting and lowering movements of the belt conveyors.
- a separate, integrated control device 80 allows a complete functional modularization of the conveyor modules. Alternatively, part or all of the control functions of several conveyor modules can also be taken over by a common control device.
- a module control device 80 advantageously has at least one microprocessor unit and at least one memory unit on which the control programs necessary for the operation, and optionally also other data, can be permanently stored.
- the logistical control ie the determination of the necessary maneuvering movements, is decoupled from the direct hardware control.
- the system controller determines which conveyor modules are to carry out which conveyor operation and transmits the necessary control commands to the conveyor modules involved in the corresponding conveyor operation.
- the instructions of the system control are limited to the process to be performed itself, without further instructions regarding synchronization of the funds involved or other parameters.
- the hardware control is decentralized by the module controllers themselves, if necessary in consultation with other module controllers.
- the module controllers 80 of the participating modules negotiate and determine the parameters necessary for the concrete, synchronized execution of the conveying process directly with each other, without involving the system control.
- the system control receives after completion of the delivery process of the modules from an executive confirmation, or an error message.
- a conveyor module can further tune its operations with those of its neighbor modules. For example, the operation of the belt conveyor in conveying directions un interrupted when the corresponding belt conveyor pair of the receiving or zuliantden conveyor module transmits an error signal. This may be necessary, for example, if its belt conveyor has a malfunction, or because of an indefinite malfunction, the receiving conveyor module is still occupied by a goods unit.
- a conveyor module may further have a wired or wireless interface to a local area network (LAN, WAN) over which data is communicated with the controller. 100 of the picking system can be replaced. In particular, commands from the system controller 100 can be accepted or status data and error messages of the conveyor modules can be forwarded to them.
- LAN local area network
- WAN wide area network
- a data network can also be realized by the existing paired data connections of the conveyor modules among themselves, which can form such a module network.
- a data set between a specific conveyor module and the system controller can be transmitted via a chain of modules lying between these two network points.
- network node devices which are wirelessly or wire-based connected to a local data network, with which the system controller is connected. These network node devices are in turn connected to the module network so that the conveyor modules can communicate with the local data network.
- Such network node devices can also be provided as a standard component of a conveyor module, wherein optionally only in a part of the conveyor modules, the network node device is also activated.
- the delivery module 60 further includes a plurality of sensor devices 82, 82 ', 82 "operatively connected to the module controller 80.
- the configuration of the sensor devices may vary depending on the application 8 are located outside edges of the base plate 61. Only two of the sensors are visible in Figure 8.
- the sensors 82 are designed as reflectance sensors which can detect the passing of an item of goods ..
- the corresponding information can be used by the module controller 80 for on-going performance control.
- Induction sensors can be used in particular on support platforms made of metal, and are less susceptible to interference than, for example, optical sensors.
- the sensor devices 82" are intended to read RFIDs or optical codes, for example barcodes or 2D codes, which are arranged on the underside of a carrier platform for their unique identification.
- the module controller can then compare the corresponding identification data for functional check with a desired value, for example with information provided by the system controller 100 to the next expected carrier platform.
- the identification data can also be transmitted as an actual value for cross-checking the plant control who the.
- the module controller can then determine the orientation of the carrier platform on the conveyor module based on the information. If this is not in a specific target range, for example, if the carrier platform is rotated or not centered on the conveyor module, the module can issue a corresponding status message to the system controller.
- the module controller may correct the position by operating one or more of the four belt conveyors 63a, 63b, 65a, 65b to rotate and / or translate the carrier platform.
- a rotation of the carrier platform can be achieved by an opposing conveying direction of the belt conveyor of one or both belt conveyor pairs.
- a conveyor module according to the invention also has means for height adjustment and alignment in the horizontal, for example adjustable feet in the fleas.
- means for height adjustment and alignment in the horizontal for example adjustable feet in the fleas.
- To assess the correct orientation in the horizontal ent speaking measuring means may be provided, for example, a cross-level or a do senlibelle.
- FIG. 15 The various phases of a method for position correction of a goods unit on a grid 31 of xy conveyor modules 60 are shown in FIG. 15 in a plan view of a section of the grid.
- a goods unit 1 for example, a Pa lette, is located on an xy conveyor module 60 ( Figure 15a).
- the orientation of the goods unit 111 is not parallel to the edges of the conveyor modules for an indefinite reason.
- One reason for such misalignment may be, for example, a slightly twisted orientation when depositing the pallet on the module with a forklift.
- the tilt angle of a goods unit 111 to the coordinate system of the grid will be less than as in the case of the better reformbarma Chung heavily tilted example of Figure 15a.
- the conveyor modules have two belt conveyors 63a, 63b and 65a, 65b along both axes x, y Four outer edges of a conveyor module, a plurality of sensors are arranged in a sensor array 82, which can detect the passage of a recess edge of a rectangular goods unit.
- a conveying direction leading edge 117 of the goods unit passes the facing sensor array 82 of the next one Conveyor module 60 '.
- the trailing edge 118 of the goods unit lying in the conveying direction can also be detected.
- the belt conveyors 63a, 63b, 65a, 65b of the bainmo module 60 ' is actuated in a suitable manner to achieve rotation of the goods unit 1 11 against tilting.
- the goods unit may be supported on one pair 63a, 63b and 65a, 65b of the belt conveyors while the other pair is lowered.
- the directions of rotation of the belt conveyors can be Chryslerge sets, or one of the two belt conveyors is blocked.
- a control unit of the conveyor module determines the necessary parameters (conveying direction, speed, duration) of the belt conveyor to correct the tilt of the goods unit, ie to reduce the tilt angle to zero (Figure 15d), and controls the belt conveyor accordingly.
- the correct orientation or a remaining tilt angle of the goods unit can be determined during the subsequent passage of the sensor array of a third conveyor module 60 "Alternatively, the goods unit can also be advanced over a sensor array over a short distance and retracted again to check the alignment.
- An ongoing correction of deviations of the alignment of the units of goods from the xy-coordinate system of the grid makes it possible to minimize the spatial dimensioning of the xy conveyor modules as far as less protruding edge of the conveyor module is required as a reserve to touches of incorrectly aligned goods units on adjacent conveyor modules avoid.
- the base area of a conveyor module can thus be reduced to the spatial dimensions of the largest transportable type of goods units, which correspondingly maximizes the picking capacity of a picking system per unit area.
- a difference in the conveying speed must be adjustable for the conveying elements of a pair of cooperating conveying elements, that is, for example, the individual band conveyors of a parallel belt conveyor pair. This can be achieved, for example, by separate drives of the individual belt conveyors, which can be controlled separately.
- a conveyor module according to the invention, means can be provided for changing the orientation of the entire conveyor module or at least of the conveyor elements, ie the belt conveyor pairs, by a certain angle with respect to the xy coordinate system.
- the basic structure of the conveyor module about a vertical axis rotatably or pivotally mounted on a second basic structure, so that by rotation or pivoting of the first basic structure by a certain angle, the belt conveyor of the conveyor module and optionally located thereon goods unit also by this angle can be tilted to the coordinate system of the grid.
- Such a delivery module can thus be used to correct a tilting angle of a goods unit when transferring to the next delivery module.
- a rotational movement of the upper, first basic structure on the second, lower basic structure for example, plain bearings or roller bearings may be provided.
- a maximum pivoting angle of a few degrees is sufficient, for example 10 ° or 5 °.
- the above-discussed prior art conveyor modules also allow for the compensation of minor irregularities in a grid.
- FIG. 6 Another exemplary embodiment of an xy delivery module 60 'according to the invention is shown in FIG.
- the delivery module 60 ' has a housing 62, the upper side of which forms a support structure in the form of a storage surface 68.
- the support structure 68 is supported on the base structure 61 and can receive the weight of a goods unit parked thereon.
- the storage surface of the support structure can be designed so that it has a particularly high or low friction.
- a plate made of HDPE or PTFE may be mounted on the top of the housing (low friction), or provided with a rough structure or an elastomer coating (high friction).
- the belt conveyors 63a, 63b, 65a, 65b can be raised to a top position through corresponding gaps in the housing 62 and the support structure 68, respectively, above the level of the support structure 68, thus lifting a cargo unit from the support structure 68 for a conveying operation.
- the non-active belt conveyors may remain at the level of the traverse structure or be lowered below it to a lower position.
- the tag structure 68 may also be lowered along with the passive belt conveyor pair while the active belt conveyor pair remains in place or raised.
- a sensor device 82 "in the middle of the support structure 68, in turn, allows an identification of a carrier platform to be read along the outer edges of the housing 62 are provided rows of sensor devices 82, which can detect the passage of the edge of a support platform in an advantageous variant If the passing of the edge of a rectangular carrier platform is detected by all sensors simultaneously, the carrier platform is aligned parallel to the conveying direction offset in time, the support platform is rotated, wherein from the time intervals of the detection signals, the distance of the sensors and the conveying speed, a twist angle of the support platform can be determined.
- FIG. 10 A further advantageous exemplary embodiment of an xy conveying module 60 'according to the invention is shown in FIG. 10, with and without lining 62. In this variant of a conveying module 60', the upper side of the housing 62 forms a supporting structure in the form of a storage surface 68 Basic structure of the module supported. The parking space is set up so that a goods unit can be parked thereon.
- the basic structure of the conveyor module which is arranged inside the housing and is not shown in the figures, is mounted on mounting elements 85 not belonging to the conveyor module, of which two mounting elements are shown by way of example in FIG. 10 (a).
- the mounting elements are arranged in a grid pattern on a superordinate basic structure or the ground. Each four abutting at the corners, be adjacent conveyor modules lie on a mounting element.
- a vertical pin arranged in the middle of the mounting elements 85 allows the mounting of a three-axis rotating guide roller (not shown) with a vertical axis of rotation. If a plurality of such conveyor modules according to the invention are arranged flush with one another in the form of a grid, one guide roller can be arranged in each case between the colliding corners of four conveyor modules.
- the goods unit is then carried out in each case between two guide rollers.
- the dimensioning of the conveyor modules and the guide rollers is advantageously chosen so that the guide rollers normally do not come into contact with the goods units.
- the goods unit or the carrier platform in the promotion of one conveyor module to the other by the two guide rollers between the modules again partially or completely aligned with the grid If the said guide rollers are freely rotatably mounted, they act as passive correction devices for alignment errors of goods units which at least partially push a goods unit, which is pivoted relative to the grid coordinate system, in the direction of the correct position.
- vertical, permanently mounted rods, columns, rails or plates can also be used, in which case the surface should advantageously be as smooth as possible, so that the risk of suspending passing units of goods remains low.
- Guide rollers may be used both as passive correction devices and as active correction devices alternatively or in addition to active correction devices as discussed above in connection with FIG.
- the illustrated conveyor module 60 has two sensor devices 82, which enable a detection of goods units.
- the sensor devices are arranged so that both a passage in the x-direction and a passage in the y-direction can be detected with the same sensor.
- the sensor devices can in turn be designed as optical sensors or induction sensors.
- the belt conveyors 63a, 63b, 65a, 65b can be raised above the level of the support structure 68 by corresponding gaps in the housing 62. In the passive state, the belt conveyors remain at or below half the level of the support structure 68. Accordingly, a goods unit or carrier platform is always on the belt conveyor pair, which promotes. If no delivery is carried out, both belt conveyor pairs advantageously remain in the lowered position, so that the weight of the goods unit rests only on the carrier structure.
- the structure of the belt conveyors 63a, 63b, 65a, 65b is shown illustratively in Fig. 10 (a).
- the two y-belt conveyors 65a, 65b are stably connected to each other by two links 84 'in the form of cross beams arranged in the x-direction.
- the x-belt conveyors 63a, 63b are arranged, which are also connected by two connecting elements 84 in the form of a U-shaped sheet, and form a common rectangular structure.
- the two belt conveyor pairs can be raised independently of one another from a lower, passive position to an upper, active position.
- a structure with four rollers each is mounted in a guide slot with four ramp-shaped rising guide grooves (not shown), so that a transverse displacement of the structure produces a vertical lifting movement.
- an actuator moves the structure in the transverse direction and at the same time pushes it up the ramps of the guide slots.
- the belt conveyor pair is raised.
- the weight of the structure is sufficient.
- the two belt conveyors of a conveying direction are each driven by a common drive device 83, 83 'in the form of an electric motor.
- the electric motor arranged in a cylindrical housing is coupled on both sides directly to the respective drive gear wheel 70 of the belt conveyor, which drives an elastically pretensioned toothed belt conveyor belt 72.
- a counter gear 71 is arranged at the drive gear 70 opposite end of the circulating conveyor belt.
- the timing belt conveyor belt 72 has on the inner surface of a centrally disposed tread and two arranged at the edges of the toothed belt structures, with which the two spaced gear pulleys interacts with the driving gear 70 se comprehensive.
- the inner running surfaces of the conveyor belts 72 are on the load side on one or two roller assemblies, each forming a roller bearing 73.
- the roller assemblies / bearings 73 include an inner running surface, a cage in the form of a circumferential, closed flexible chain, which rotates the inner raceway, and a plurality of Wälzrollen, which are mounted fardre starting in the cage.
- the inner race of the rolling bearing is located on a certain, the conveyor belt facing portion parallel to the conveyor belt 72.
- the running surface of the conveyor belt rolling on the rolling elements of the rolling bearing 73, and these in turn rolling on the inner race of the bearing. Accordingly, the weighted conveyor belt must overcome only the rolling resistance, and is supported evenly by the large number of Wälzrollen evenly.
- passive guide elements can be provided along the outer edges of the conveyor module, which project between an upper position in which they project beyond the plane of the active conveyor and a lower position in which they do not extend beyond the plane of the protrude active conveyor, back and forth are movable.
- Such guide elements Kings nen be configured, for example, as baffles or guide rails, which prevent a deviation of the goods unit from the intended conveying direction Rich form-fitting during the conveying process.
- An example of such an embodiment is shown in Figure 16, (a) in a raised position of the baffle, and (b) in a lowered position of the baffle.
- the illustrated schematic cross section shows a belt conveyor 63a and the recess edge of a conveyor module.
- the conveyor belt 72 lies on a support roller 73 ', whose axis 73a is rotatably mounted in a rotary bearing 73c of a roller support structure 73b.
- the conveyor belt In the raised state, as shown in Figure 16a, the conveyor belt is above the plane a support structure 68 of the conveyor module, and is thus operative.
- the belt conveyor 63a can för a goods unit (not shown) in the x-direction (perpendicular to the cutting plane) för.
- the plane of the conveyor belt 72 lies beneath the storage surface 68, so that the goods unit rests either on the support structure or on the belt conveyor in the y-direction (not shown).
- connection plate 88 Mounted on the roller support structure 73b is a connection plate 88 which is disposed in a vertical slot 62a in the outer wall of the cover 62.
- the slot-shaped recess 62a allows a displacement of the connecting plate 88 in the vertical direction.
- a baffle 87 is mounted outside the panel.
- the guide plate 87 In the upper position of the belt conveyor 63a (FIG. 16a), the guide plate 87 is also in an upper position and projects beyond the plane of the operative belt conveyor 63a.
- the baffle 87 keeps the goods unit in the promotion in the x-direction in the lane and prevents distraction of the goods unit in the y-direction.
- the guide plate 87 In the lower posi tion ( Figure 16b), the guide plate 87 is below the plane of the support structure 68, and thus is not a promotion of the goods unit in the y direction in the way. In principle, it is sufficient if the baffle is located in the lower position below the level of promoting belt conveyor belt. The distance between lower and upper position can therefore be chosen shorter than in the discussed embodiment.
- lateral support of the baffles may be provided to redirect the laterally acting on the outside of the baffles forces from the baffle on the basic structure of the conveyor module, instead of the baffle tra ing belt conveyor.
- the guide elements can also be provided with a plurality of vertical Ver rotating rollers in order to sen the sliding resistance of the guide elements to sen.
- the rollers can be freely rotating, or actively driven.
- a vertically arranged conveyor belt as a guide element, which can be passively freely movable or actively driven.
- the movement of the guide elements is advantageously coupled directly to the movement of the associated, parallel conveying elements, as shown in FIG. 16.
- lifting or lowering a belt conveyor is ensured in this way by simple means that the corresponding guide element is in the correct position.
- Next can be dispensed with additional drive means and control means for the guide elements.
- FIG. 11 A detailed view of the corner of a further variant of an xy conveying module 60 "according to the invention is shown in Figure 11
- the belt conveyors 63b in the x direction and 65a in the y direction are arranged such that the corner of the conveying module 60" remains free.
- horizontal support rollers 66a, 66b are arranged, with two rollers 66a, the axis of rotation 76a is parallel to the x-axis, and two rollers 66b, the axis of rotation 67b is parallel to the y-axis.
- the pairs of rotating rollers 66a and 66b are each raised and lowered together with the associated belt conveyor pairs 63a, 63b and 65a, 65b, respectively.
- the rollers, which are not driven, serve to support the goods units or support platforms in the corners of the conveyor units, so that in both cases Conveying directions the support is ensured over the entire length of the conveyor module.
- an inventive xy conveyor module can also be realized with other funding.
- 12 shows such a variant of an xy conveying module 60 "according to the invention, which is realized with roller conveyors
- Two groups of driven, horizontal conveying rollers 69a and 69b, with a rotation axis 67a parallel to the x-axis or with a rotation axis 67b parallel to the y-axis are arranged on a grid alternately distributed on the conveyor module 60 ".
- the conveying rollers 69a and 69b with parallel axes of rotation 67a and 67b together form one of two roller conveyors in the x-direction or y-direction.
- the roles of each not required roller conveyor are each lowered in the vertical direction, and / or the roles of the active roller conveyor lifted.
- a support structure in the form of a plate 68 has gaps through which the rollers partially extend in the upper position.
- the modularization of the conveyor modules according to the invention makes it possible to provide a picking system according to the invention without the elaborate preparation of a picking system build larger basic infrastructure efficiently and quickly. If required, the system can be extended, reduced or changed or dismantled, possibly even during operation.
- the conveyor modules can be easily transported. Accordingly, such conveyor modules are also suitable for the creation of order picking systems for shorter operations or under improvised conditions, for example for large construction sites, in the field of military logistics, or for relief operations in crisis areas, etc.
- a basic prerequisite for the construction of a picking system according to the invention with conveyor modules according to the invention is merely a substantially level, stable substrate on which the conveyor modules can be placed.
- Aneinan the adjacent conveyor modules are advantageous reversible mechanically coupled to ensure a permanently correct alignment with each other.
- a uniform height and horizontal alignment can be achieved in addition to the use of Unterlageelemen th, for example by means such as height-adjustable feet.
- the conveyor modules are then connected to the power grid, wherein in the advantageous variant, as has already been discussed, each conveyor module in turn has sockets for at least one further conveyor module, so that only a few conveyor modules, at least one conveyor module, must be connected to an external power network , From these modules, the power supply is tree-shaped over the entire picking system.
- the conveyor modules are connected to the system controller via the own network of the conveyor modules, or directly via a LAN, or via the mediation of one or more network nodes, as discussed above for the conveyor module 60 '.
- one-level order picking systems can be highly modular, as discussed above, but also those with two or more levels.
- the basic structure is designed in such a way that it can be constructed from standardized components in a simple and efficient manner, with or without the incorporation of the conveying modules.
- the picking of the goods units in addition to a sorting of the goods units, also involves the storage of goods units, be it on a dedicated field provided for this purpose, or on the picking field itself.
- the Goods units for goods units to be processed later in the intended order of provision should be temporarily stored.
- the storage can be static, ie without movement of the goods unit during storage.
- the storage takes place dynamically, that is to say under continuous or occasional movement within the storage area, if this is advantageous for the overall function of the commissioning system.
- the storage phase of a goods unit can also flow smoothly into the subsequent sorting phase, ie the actual picking.
- systems according to the invention can be configured not only as the actual picking system as discussed above, but also as the primary storage serving as an automatic warehouse in which the picking function is of subordinate importance.
- inventive commissioning systems are also applicable to such novel storage systems.
- An example of such a system according to the invention which is designed as a multi-storey automatic storage system 10, which is shown in FIG. 13, is a schematic plan view of a single storage level 12. This consists of a grid 31 with 16 ⁇ 14 places, on each of which an xy conveyor module (for clarity, not shown) is arranged.
- the corresponding squares 30 in the grid field 31 are either occupied by storage objects 32 or form unoccupied gaps 33.
- the storage objects 32 functionally include both goods units or freight units occupied with goods units, as well as unoccupied carrier platforms.
- An inventive auto matic bearing 10 advantageously has a greater number of levels, for example, ten or twenty levels.
- a storage system according to the invention also offers the advantage that better volume efficiency can be achieved than with conventional high-bay warehouses, in which an average of one third of the floor space is required for the stacker cranes.
- Next is the achievable average time for a storage operation or removal process per unit of goods in a storage system according to the invention significantly ge ringer, since a higher horizontal and vertical flow rate can be achieved.
- two lifting devices 16 are arranged to which remove goods units from one level and in another plane can carry.
- such lifting devices are designed as actual elevators that can approach several or all levels.
- a lifting device 16 "in the form of an elevator in the middle of the grid is provided. If, as in the example shown, the corresponding infrastructure of the lifting device 16" requires more floor space than a single grid space, fewer grid spaces are accordingly available available.
- another lifting device 16 ' is provided, in the form of a stacker crane, as it is used for high-bay warehouse.
- Such a lifting device does not allow lifting between different levels, but also a horizontal transport.
- Such storage and retrieval machines 16 are comparatively inefficient in terms of space requirements and achievable transport performance.
- horizontal transport can take place within one level via the xy conveyor modules.
- purely vertical elevators can travel faster and require less floor space.
- a remote conveying system 116 enables the feeding of goods units to a transfer point U, from where they can be conveyed individually to a pick-up point A of the grid and thus transferred to the storage system.
- a remote conveyor system can advantageously be used to transfer goods units from arrived deliveries, from other storage systems or from production plants to the storage system.
- the remote conveying system can be realized, for example, as a slow-moving continuous conveyor belt or as a chain of linear conveyor modules.
- goods units can be delivered from the storage system via a remote conveyor system.
- a remote conveyor system At the right edge of the grid 31 are transferred from a single Entnah metician D goods units to a remote conveyor system 116 '.
- This can then further promote the corresponding goods units in a defined order for further processing.
- the freight units can be transported to a loading station, ready for picking, where they are finally loaded into a truck. the.
- the units can be promoted in only partially pre-sorted Rei sequence to another inventive system, which is designed as commissioning plant commissioning to be picked there ready.
- one or more levels may be provided primarily for picking. Accordingly, devices are provided on such a level that allow removal of goods units in (partially) sorted order. New, missionary to evangelizing goods units are advantageously performed on fast lifting devices.
- One or more levels may be provided for the triage of newly supplied goods units.
- New units to be introduced into the storage system are introduced before geous on such a plane, where they can be pre-sorted and distributed to the different levels.
- the number of gaps at a storage level or in a region of a storage field the higher the achievable packing density in the storage system.
- the statistically expected access time to a goods unit from this storage level or region increases, since fewer gaps are available for maneuvering and correspondingly more maneuvering steps are required for the transport of a specific goods unit from one point to another.
- the number of gaps in the grid of a storage level or in a certain region of a level is chosen to be lower, the less frequently the goods units of the storage level are retrieved on average. It is particularly advantageous for goods units with a similar expected frequency of interrogation to be stored together on one level or in a specific region of a level.
- a plane can be completely occupied, so that at least one gap has to be temporarily created before the necessary maneuvering processes, by removing a goods unit from the affected plane with a lifting device and transferring it to another plane. This functionally corresponds to the transfer a gap on a plane.
- control device of a storage system controls the occupancy of the various storage levels so that due to predetermined rules the lowest possible average access time, the highest possible packing density or another optimization goal is achieved.
- the weighting of the different power values can be specified by the user.
- the plant control can distribute the goods units of a given warehouse content staggered, for example by variety or access frequency, to different storage levels and make a corresponding distribution of the gaps.
- Appropriate solutions are advantageously determined by means of suitable simulations, if appropriate taking into account certain basic rules or starting variants.
- the average density of the storage system is therefore given in this illustrative example.
- the storage content is not to be understood statically, but as kinetic equilibrium, in which the supply of new goods units continuously balances the removal of goods units from the warehouse.
- the storage system comprises a total of M to tai storage bins distributed over k equal-sized levels.
- the number of gaps resulting from L to M tai to tai - N to tai.
- the plant controller now distributes, for example, the various goods units i and the gaps to the k storage levels, with n (i, k) goods units i or q (k) gaps on the level k such that the average access time Z is minimal.
- the expected access time for a goods unit in a plane k with q (k) gaps can be provided as a function z (k, q).
- Z li a (i) [Z k n (i, k) n (i) find 1 z (k, q (k))], with n (i, k) and q (k) as adjustable parameters, which is done most efficiently with such numerical optimization problems with numerical methods including simulations.
- the access time z (k, q) can also be part of the optimization.
- the effective access time depends directly on the distribution of the unit units and gaps within the level that can be controlled by the plant controller.
- the control of the lifting devices also influences the access times of the different levels.
- a control device of a storage system according to the invention can also take empirical values into account for the storage control, as well as planned storage and removal of goods units, ie short-term effects, as well as long-term shifts in the composition of the warehouse.
- the functional structure of a possible advantageous embodiment of an inventive system 90, 10 are shown schematically in Figure 14.
- the system comprises a control device 100 and a plurality of substantially identical voting unit 60a.1- 60a. n and 60b.1-60b. m.
- the spatial arrangement of the conveyor modules is not shown in the figure 14, but only the functional linkage of STEU tion.
- the elements can thus be arranged in a common grid, or in two or more different grids, possibly also on different levels.
- the control device 100 of the system comprises a planning unit 102 and a control unit 104. Instead of one, a plurality of control units may be provided, for example for different grids.
- the planning unit 102 has inter alia the task of determining the necessary movements of the individual goods unit on the individual conveyor modules based on existing operational objectives and the given geometry of the grid. Via a suitable communication channel 105, for example an EtherNet connection, the planning unit 102 transmits the collected instructions for the next step to the control unit 104.
- the control unit 104 determines based on the global instructions of the planning unit 102, the necessary funding operations, which in the following step the För dermodule are executed, and transmits via appropriate communication channels 106a, 106b, for example, an Ethernet connection, corresponding instructions to the individual conveyor modules.
- the control devices of the conveyor modules in turn take over the detailed control of the respective conveyor module, in particular the control of the conveying devices and lifting devices.
- the correct implementation of the participating För dermodulen be verified for example by suitable sensor devices can, report the delivery modules via the communication channels 106a, 106b the execution of the instructions to the control unit. If necessary, status messages, in particular error messages, can also be sent back to the control unit 104.
- the control unit 104 confirms the correct execution of the conveying operations of the step carried out to the planning unit 102. If problems have arisen in individual conveying processes, for example if individual conveying operations between two modules have not been carried out correctly, corresponding error messages are also forwarded to the planning unit. which takes this into account when planning the next step. Subsequently, the planning unit transmits instructions for the next step to the control unit. The next cycle begins.
- the various levels of control are functionally separated in this embodiment.
- the planning unit determines the abstract funding processes to be carried out.
- the control unit determines the concrete conveying processes which the conveyor modules must execute in order to achieve the specification of the planning unit.
- the module controllers in turn, control the various actuators of the respective conveyor modules in such a way that the desired conveyor operations result.
- the system is initialized during commissioning or after a service interruption, for example due to maintenance work.
- the planning unit supplies data to the structure of the grid field, in particular the absolute identities of the various modules and their topo logical positioning, to the control unit.
- the control unit then assigns the individual conveyor modules a temporary address in the data network.
- the conveyor modules send a status message back to the control unit after performing a functional test.
- the control unit sends a consolidated status message to the planning unit.
- the communication channels 105, 106a, 106b can be realized as a common communication channel, for example as a local area network (LAN).
- the communication channels are configured separately from one another, as in the example shown, for example via separate LANs for communication between planning unit and control units and for communication between control unit and conveyor modules.
- two independent data channels 106a, 106b are provided for two subgroups of conveyor modules.
- first module group defined by the subset of modules connected to a first LAN 106a
- second group of modules defined by the subset of modules connected to a second LAN 106b
- the first module group can be put into a sleep mode in which all conveying processes are prevented, or even made completely de-energized, for example to be able to carry out maintenance work without danger.
- the operation of the second module group can be continued.
- Such a separation is particularly advantageous when the different module groups represent separate grids.
- the present invention is not limited in scope to the specific embodiments described herein.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CH00307/18A CH714742A1 (de) | 2018-03-12 | 2018-03-12 | Fördermodul zum waagrechten Fördern von Gütereinheiten in zwei zueinander senkrecht stehenden Richtungen, sowie Anlage. |
PCT/EP2019/056192 WO2019175195A2 (de) | 2018-03-12 | 2019-03-12 | Vorrichtungen und anlagen zum automatisierten lagern und kommissionieren von gütern und verfahren zum betrieb solcher vorrichtungen und anlagen |
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WO2016098813A1 (ja) * | 2014-12-17 | 2016-06-23 | 伊東電機株式会社 | 物品保管装置及び物品移動装置 |
DE102015001410A1 (de) | 2015-02-06 | 2016-08-11 | Gebhardt Fördertechnik GmbH | Palettentransportvorrichtung |
DE102015217958A1 (de) | 2015-09-18 | 2017-03-23 | Shb Saalfelder Hebezeugbau Gmbh | Automatisches Parkhaus |
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2018
- 2018-03-12 CH CH00307/18A patent/CH714742A1/de unknown
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2019
- 2019-03-12 WO PCT/EP2019/056192 patent/WO2019175195A2/de unknown
- 2019-03-12 US US16/979,649 patent/US11772898B2/en active Active
- 2019-03-12 EP EP19712670.9A patent/EP3765391A2/de active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US11772898B2 (en) | 2023-10-03 |
US20210002079A1 (en) | 2021-01-07 |
WO2019175195A2 (de) | 2019-09-19 |
CH714742A1 (de) | 2019-09-13 |
WO2019175195A3 (de) | 2019-11-07 |
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