EP3011069B1 - Widerstandslegierung, daraus hergestelltes bauelement und herstellungsverfahren dafür - Google Patents

Widerstandslegierung, daraus hergestelltes bauelement und herstellungsverfahren dafür Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3011069B1
EP3011069B1 EP14734392.5A EP14734392A EP3011069B1 EP 3011069 B1 EP3011069 B1 EP 3011069B1 EP 14734392 A EP14734392 A EP 14734392A EP 3011069 B1 EP3011069 B1 EP 3011069B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
resistance
component
temperature
resistance alloy
copper
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EP14734392.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3011069A1 (de
Inventor
Daniel ZUCKERMANN
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IsabellenHuette Heusler GmbH and Co KG
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IsabellenHuette Heusler GmbH and Co KG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/05—Alloys based on copper with manganese as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a resistance alloy for an electrical resistance, in particular for a low-impedance current measuring resistor. Furthermore, the invention comprises a component manufactured therefrom and a corresponding production method.
  • Copper-manganese-nickel alloys have long been used as materials for precision resistors, in particular for low-resistance current measuring resistors ("shunts").
  • An example of such a copper-manganese-nickel alloy is the resistance alloy marketed by the applicant under the trade name Manganin® (eg Cu 84 Ni 4 Mn 12 ) with a copper content of 82-84%, a nickel content of 2% by mass. 4% and a mass fraction of manganese of 12-15%.
  • the known copper-manganese-nickel alloys meet all the requirements that are placed on resistance alloys for precision resistors, such as a low temperature coefficient of electrical resistivity, a low thermal power to copper and a high temporal constancy of electrical resistance.
  • the known copper-manganese-nickel alloys have good technological properties, in particular a good processing capability, which makes it possible to process these copper-manganese-nickel alloys into wires, tapes, films and resistance components.
  • a disadvantage of the known copper-manganese-nickel alloys is the limitation to relatively low electrical resistivities of at most 0.5 ( ⁇ ⁇ mm 2 ) / m.
  • nickel-chromium alloys For larger specific electrical resistances, for example, nickel-chromium alloys are known, which however also have various disadvantages. For one thing, nickel-chromium alloys are usually much more expensive than copper-manganese-nickel alloys. On the other hand, nickel-chromium alloys are difficult to handle in many respects in terms of production technology. For example, the hot workability of nickel-chromium alloys is relatively poor, and elaborate heat treatment processes are necessary for setting certain electrical-physical material properties. In addition, the working temperatures in the smelting process in the nickel-chromium alloys are 500K higher than in the copper-manganese-nickel alloys, which leads to higher energy costs and material wear of the work equipment. In addition, the otherwise desirable good acid resistance of nickel-chromium alloys poses major problems in the etch-making of resistor structures and makes the removal of heat-related oxides by pickling a costly and non-hazardous manufacturing step.
  • the copper-manganese-nickel-aluminum-magnesium alloy 29-5-1 which has a resistivity of 1 ( ⁇ ⁇ mm 2 ) / m and thereby meets the demand for a low temperature coefficient of resistivity .
  • this resistance alloy has a high thermo-power against copper at 20 ° C of +3 ⁇ V / K, resulting in high fault currents, which make this alloy unsuitable for precise metrological applications.
  • the prior art also includes Pashkov KE ET AL: "Special features of brazing often copper-manganese-nickel system with a powder brazing alloy", WELDING INTERNATIONAL, TAYLOR & FRANCIS, ABINGDON, GB, Vol. 24, No. 5, May 1, 2010 (2010 -05-01), pages 385-389, XP001554242, ISSN: 0950-7116, DOI: 10.1080 / 09507110903399273 Table 1, US 3 451 808 A . JP 2006-270078 A . JP 2009-242895 A , "Research on Precision Resistance Materials” Author: Hiroyuki HIRAYAMA, JP H04-48041 . JP S62-202038 . KR 1999-0048844 and U.S. 3,712,837 ,
  • a current measuring resistor having a resistive element made of a resistance alloy is known.
  • the resistance alloy here consists of a copper-manganese-nickel alloy, in particular with a copper content of 50-85 wt .-%, a manganese content of 12-30 wt .-% and a nickel content of 2-16% by weight.
  • a low temperature dependence of the resistance value of the resistance alloy should be achieved.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, a correspondingly improved resistance alloy based on copper-manganese-nickel to provide, which has the highest possible specific electrical resistance, a low thermal power to copper, a low temperature coefficient of electrical resistance and a high temporal constancy of electrical resistivity and these properties with the initially described good technological properties (eg processability) of the known copper Manganese nickel alloys combined.
  • the mass fractions of the various alloying constituents are matched to one another in such a way that the resistance alloy according to the invention has a low thermopower with respect to copper, which is less than ⁇ 1 ⁇ V / K, ⁇ 0.5 ⁇ V / K or even ⁇ 0 at 20 ° C. 3 ⁇ V / K.
  • a preferred embodiment of a resistance alloy according to the invention is Cu 65 Ni 10 Mn 25 with a mass fraction of copper of 65%, a mass fraction of nickel of 10% and a mass fraction of manganese of 25%.
  • Another embodiment of a resistance alloy according to the invention is Cu 64 Ni 10 Mn 25 Sn 1 with a mass fraction of copper of 64%, a mass fraction of nickel of 10%, a mass fraction of manganese of 25% and a mass fraction of tin of 1%.
  • Another embodiment of a resistance alloy according to the invention is Cu 62 Ni 11 Mn 27 with a mass fraction of copper of 62%, a mass fraction of nickel of 11% and a mass fraction of manganese of 27%.
  • Another embodiment of a resistance alloy according to the invention is Cu 61 Ni 11 Mn 27 Sn 1 with a mass fraction of copper of 61%, a mass fraction of manganese of 27%, a mass fraction of nickel of 11% and a mass fraction of tin of 1%.
  • the specific electrical resistance is preferably in the range of 0.5 ( ⁇ ⁇ mm 2 ) / m to 2 ( ⁇ ⁇ mm 2 ) / m.
  • the specific electrical resistance of the resistance alloy according to the invention preferably has a high temporal constancy with a relative change of less than ⁇ 0.5% or ⁇ 0.25%, in particular within a period of 3000 hours and a temperature of at least + 140 ° C. , where the higher temperature of at least + 140 ° C accelerates the aging process.
  • the resistance alloy according to the invention preferably has a low thermal power to copper, which at 20 ° C is preferably less than ⁇ 0.5 ⁇ V / K or even none as ⁇ 0.3 ⁇ V / K.
  • the resistivity is relatively constant in temperature with a low temperature coefficient of preferably less than ⁇ 50 ⁇ 10 -6 K -1 , ⁇ 35 ⁇ 10 -6 K -1 , ⁇ 30 ⁇ 10 -6 K -1 or ⁇ 20 ⁇ 10 -6 K -1 , especially in a temperature range from + 20 ° C to + 60 ° C.
  • the resistance alloy has a resistance-temperature curve representing the relative resistance change as a function of the temperature, wherein the resistance-temperature curve has a second zero crossing, preferably at a temperature of more than + 20 ° C, + 30 ° C or + 40 ° C and / or at a temperature of less than + 110 ° C, + 100 ° C or + 90 ° C.
  • the mechanical properties of the resistance alloy according to the invention include a mechanical tensile strength of at least 500 MPa, 550 MPa or 580 MPa. Moreover, the resistance alloy according to the invention preferably has a yield strength of at least 150 MPa, 200 MPa or 260 MPa, while the elongation at break is preferably greater than 30%, 35%, 40% or even 45%.
  • the resistance alloy is preferably soft solderable and / or brazeable.
  • the resistance alloy according to the invention can be produced in various forms of delivery, for example as a wire (for example round wire, flat wire), as a band, as a sheet, as a rod, as a tube or as a foil.
  • the invention is not limited in terms of forms of delivery to the above-mentioned forms of delivery.
  • the invention also includes an electrical or electronic component with a resistance element of the resistance alloy according to the invention.
  • a resistance element of the resistance alloy according to the invention may be a resistor, in particular a low-impedance current measuring resistor, as it itself, for example EP 0 605 800 A1 is known.
  • the invention also includes a corresponding manufacturing method according to the independent claim 7 as it is already known from the above Description of the resistance alloy according to the invention results.
  • the resistance alloy can be subjected to an artificial thermal aging process, wherein the resistance alloy is heated from an initial temperature to an aging temperature. This process can be repeated several times as part of the aging process, wherein the resistance alloy is repeatedly heated periodically to the aging temperature and cooled back to the starting temperature.
  • the aging temperature may be, for example, in the range of + 80 ° C to + 300 ° C, while the starting temperature is preferably less than + 30 ° C or + 20 ° C.
  • FIG. 1 shows a phase diagram of a copper-manganese-nickel alloy, wherein the mass fraction of copper is indicated on the axis top left, while the mass fraction of nickel is reproduced on the axis top right. The mass fraction of manganese, however, is found on the lower axis.
  • phase diagram shows in hatched form a region 1 in which the resistance alloy tends to harden.
  • the resistance alloy has a specific electrical resistance in this line, which is independent of the temperature.
  • phase diagram also shows a region 3, which characterizes the resistance alloy according to the invention, wherein the mass fraction of manganese in the region 3 is between 23% and 28%, while the mass fraction of nickel in the region 3 is between 9% and 13%.
  • FIG. 2 shows a simplified perspective view of a current sense resistor 4 according to the invention, as it itself already out EP 0 605 800 A1 is known, so that reference is made to avoid repetition of this patent application, the content of which is attributable to the present description in its entirety.
  • the current measuring resistor 4 essentially consists of two plate-shaped connection parts 5, 6 made of copper and a resistance element 7 arranged therebetween of the resistance alloy according to the invention, which may be, for example, Cu 65 Ni 10 Mn 25 .
  • FIG. 3 shows the temperature-dependent course of the relative resistance change DR / R20 as a function of the temperature.
  • FIG. 4 shows the long-term stability of the resistance alloy according to the invention. It can be seen that the relative change in resistance dR over a period of 3000 hours is substantially less than 0.25%.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Non-Adjustable Resistors (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Apparatuses And Processes For Manufacturing Resistors (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
EP14734392.5A 2013-06-19 2014-06-18 Widerstandslegierung, daraus hergestelltes bauelement und herstellungsverfahren dafür Active EP3011069B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013010301.0A DE102013010301A1 (de) 2013-06-19 2013-06-19 Widerstandslegierung, daraus hergestelltes Bauelement und Herstellungsverfahren dafür
PCT/EP2014/001669 WO2014202221A1 (de) 2013-06-19 2014-06-18 Widerstandslegierung, daraus hergestelltes bauelement und herstellungsverfahren daf?r

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3011069A1 EP3011069A1 (de) 2016-04-27
EP3011069B1 true EP3011069B1 (de) 2019-04-03

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EP14734392.5A Active EP3011069B1 (de) 2013-06-19 2014-06-18 Widerstandslegierung, daraus hergestelltes bauelement und herstellungsverfahren dafür

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US (2) US20160115570A1 (ja)
EP (1) EP3011069B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP6467408B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR102194267B1 (ja)
CN (1) CN105308204B (ja)
DE (1) DE102013010301A1 (ja)
ES (1) ES2733024T3 (ja)
WO (1) WO2014202221A1 (ja)

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WO2016039688A1 (en) * 2014-09-08 2016-03-17 Agency For Science, Technology And Research Reference clock signal generators and methods for generating a reference clock signal
JP2017053015A (ja) * 2015-09-11 2017-03-16 日立金属株式会社 抵抗材料
CN105603252B (zh) * 2016-01-14 2017-12-08 厦门大学 一种基于调幅分解的铜镍合金作为强化恒电阻率合金的应用
CN105648267A (zh) * 2016-03-30 2016-06-08 广东合科泰实业有限公司 一种低温度系数电阻体及其制备方法以及采用该低温度系数电阻体的低温度系数电阻
KR102463644B1 (ko) * 2017-01-10 2022-11-07 후루카와 덴키 고교 가부시키가이샤 저항재용 구리 합금 재료 및 그 제조 방법, 및 저항기
CN108346496B (zh) * 2018-05-18 2019-11-12 常熟市夸克电阻合金有限公司 一种ptc热敏电阻合金丝
JP7194145B2 (ja) * 2020-04-01 2022-12-21 Koa株式会社 抵抗器用の合金及び抵抗器用合金の抵抗器への使用
JP7430121B2 (ja) * 2020-08-07 2024-02-09 Koa株式会社 シャント抵抗器に用いられる抵抗合金、抵抗合金のシャント抵抗器への使用及び抵抗合金を用いたシャント抵抗器
WO2023276904A1 (ja) * 2021-06-28 2023-01-05 古河電気工業株式会社 銅合金材ならびにそれを用いた抵抗器用抵抗材料および抵抗器
KR20240026277A (ko) 2021-06-28 2024-02-27 후루카와 덴키 고교 가부시키가이샤 구리 합금재와, 이를 이용한 저항기용 저항 재료 및 저항기
KR20240026278A (ko) 2021-06-28 2024-02-27 후루카와 덴키 고교 가부시키가이샤 구리 합금재와, 이를 이용한 저항기용 저항 재료 및 저항기

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20160115570A1 (en) 2016-04-28
KR20160021195A (ko) 2016-02-24
US20200224293A1 (en) 2020-07-16
WO2014202221A1 (de) 2014-12-24
JP6467408B2 (ja) 2019-02-13
EP3011069A1 (de) 2016-04-27
CN105308204A (zh) 2016-02-03
DE102013010301A1 (de) 2014-12-24
KR102194267B1 (ko) 2020-12-22
CN105308204B (zh) 2018-12-04
ES2733024T3 (es) 2019-11-27
JP2016528376A (ja) 2016-09-15

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