EP2906876B2 - Verfahren zum betrieb eines dampferzeugers - Google Patents

Verfahren zum betrieb eines dampferzeugers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2906876B2
EP2906876B2 EP13777007.9A EP13777007A EP2906876B2 EP 2906876 B2 EP2906876 B2 EP 2906876B2 EP 13777007 A EP13777007 A EP 13777007A EP 2906876 B2 EP2906876 B2 EP 2906876B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lignite
mill
drying
dry
stream
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP13777007.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2906876A2 (de
EP2906876B1 (de
Inventor
Rainer Hesse
Bernhard Röper
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RWE Power AG
Original Assignee
RWE Power AG
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Publication date
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Application filed by RWE Power AG filed Critical RWE Power AG
Priority to PL13777007T priority Critical patent/PL2906876T5/pl
Publication of EP2906876A2 publication Critical patent/EP2906876A2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2906876B1 publication Critical patent/EP2906876B1/de
Publication of EP2906876B2 publication Critical patent/EP2906876B2/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K1/00—Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
    • F23K1/04—Heating fuel prior to delivery to combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2201/00—Pretreatment of solid fuel
    • F23K2201/20—Drying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2201/00—Pretreatment of solid fuel
    • F23K2201/50—Blending
    • F23K2201/501—Blending with other fuels or combustible waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2203/00—Feeding arrangements
    • F23K2203/002—Feeding devices for steam boilers, e.g. in locomotives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2203/00—Feeding arrangements
    • F23K2203/20—Feeding/conveying devices
    • F23K2203/202—Feeding/conveying devices using screws
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for fuel supplies
    • F23K2900/01041—Heating by using exhaust gas heat

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a steam generator with a boiler fired with brown coal, with at least one mill for grinding the brown coal.
  • a known principle of direct dust injection by means of a pulverized coal drying plant is, for example, in Publication of Helmut Effenberger, "Steam Generation", Springer-Verlag, ISBN 3-540-64175-0 , described.
  • flue gas sucked back is used as the drying gas, which is referred to in the sense of the present application as a drying flue gas stream.
  • the mill is connected to the end of the combustion chamber via a flue gas recirculation, where the drying flue gas stream required for drying the raw lignite is extracted at a temperature between approx. 800 ° C and approx. 1200 ° C.
  • a method of the type mentioned at the outset is known from, for example DE 42 03 713 C2 C2 or from the DE 43 23 469 A1 known.
  • the method comprises the grinding of humidified brown coal in at least one mill, to which a drying flue gas stream is applied, which is branched off from the boiler behind the convection draft and which is introduced into the mill at a temperature of approximately 350.degree.
  • the lignite is crushed to the grain belt required for combustion in the boiler and at the same time dried in the inert flue gas atmosphere.
  • Part of the drying flue gas flow is used as a carrier gas for the transport of the dried fuel to the burners of the boiler.
  • Another variant of the drying of lignite which has a favorable effect in terms of an increase in efficiency, is the drying of lignite in a separate drying unit in the form of a fluidized bed dryer.
  • a separate drying unit in the form of a fluidized bed dryer.
  • drying the lignite before firing it in the steam generator of a power plant can achieve a significant increase in efficiency.
  • the pit-moist brown coal has a water content of 45% to 65%, which is reduced to 10% to 25% by drying.
  • the dry lignite from the fluidized bed drying usually has a maximum water content of 25 percent by mass and an average grain diameter D50 of 0.4 to 0.8 mm, so that it can be fed into the boiler immediately, if necessary without re-grinding, and burned there.
  • TLK dry lignite
  • the known dust-fired lignite boilers are mainly designed for the burning of raw lignite, i.e.
  • the dry lignite in the steam generators of the applicant has been co-burned as an additional fuel to increase the efficiency.
  • Co-combustion of around 25% dry lignite from a separate drying unit based on the calorific value of the fuel mixture has proven to be favorable.
  • the dry lignite can be introduced into the steam generator, for example, by means of so-called swirl burners, as are also used in hard coal firing.
  • Dry lignite is a comparatively inexpensive starting and support fuel for coal-fired steam generators.
  • the swirl burners described above with regard to their disadvantages are common, since they ensure a stable flame and good burnout even when the firebox is still cold.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method for co-combustion of dry lignite in raw lignite-fired steam generators, which takes into account the aforementioned problem.
  • the object is achieved by a method according to claim 1.
  • dry brown coal is understood to mean ready-dried brown coal which is converted from the mine-moist, mined product to a dried finished product with a moisture content of 10 to 30% by mass, preferably between 10 and 25% by mass, and an average grain diameter D50 of 0.4 to 10 mm was produced in a drying unit.
  • Mine-moist raw lignite is to be understood as the unprepared broken and possibly pre-shredded mined raw lignite, which has a moisture content of between 45 and 65 percent by mass.
  • Milled-dried raw lignite is understood to mean the raw lignite ground in a mill with simultaneous drying to a ready-to-burn product, of which about 85 to 95 percent by mass has a grain size of less than 1 mm.
  • a burner allocation in the sense of the invention is understood to mean a fuel supply line from the mill to an individual burner, a burner group or a burner level.
  • the burner allocation ends where the fuel is ignited by supplying combustion air.
  • Burner allocation can include classifiers and distributors.
  • the method according to the invention can be summarized to the extent that dry lignite is also burned in the boiler of the steam generator in addition to meal-dried raw lignite, the dry lignite being fed into the carrier gas / fuel mixture from the mill before being allocated or in the allocation to the individual coal burners.
  • the dry lignite is not burned via separate swirl burners in the boiler, but the dry lignite is added to the flue gas-lignite stream of the mill before the boiler.
  • Carrying gas in the sense of the invention is to be understood as a mixture of flue gas, evaporated water and combustion air.
  • dry lignite can be diverted from start-up burners of the steam generator to the first mill operated with raw lignite via a switching device as soon as start-up and auxiliary firing is no longer required.
  • the raw lignite is expediently ground in an atmosphere inertized with the drying flue gas stream.
  • Inerted in the sense of the invention means that the oxygen content in the flue gas drying stream is set to an oxygen content of ⁇ 12% by volume.
  • the dry lignite is fed from the separate drying unit into the first mill and there is subjected to post-grinding with the raw lignite.
  • the dry lignite is then dried and shredded in an inert atmosphere.
  • This has the procedural advantage that it is not absolutely necessary to inspect and / or regrind the dry lignite behind the drying unit. This eliminates the influence of fluctuating moisture content in the dry brown coal. In general, fluctuations in moisture, bulk density and grain size of the dry lignite are not critical due to the additional mill drying in a mixture with the raw lignite. This also makes it possible to operate a connected drying unit with optimized performance.
  • the method according to the invention is favorable with regard to the NOx concentration in the flue gas, since the addition of dry lignite to the flue gas lignite stream results in a concentration of the dust content in the burners, so that the carrying gas content in the burners is reduced. As a result, this leads to a lower NOx concentration in the flue gas / exhaust gas than with a conventional furnace, in which the amount of carrier gas is generally higher.
  • Another advantage is that the controllability of the furnace is improved. If the amount of raw brown coal increases, the first mill only reacts with a longer dead time because the mill has to be moved to a different operating point for the higher amount of coal, or an additional mill has to be put into operation. In contrast, an increase in the amount of dry lignite in a comparatively short time makes a higher amount of fuel available. This improves the control ability of the entire steam generator system.
  • At least one indirectly heated dryer is preferably provided as a separate drying unit. This can be a fluidized bed dryer, for example.
  • a second mill is used as a separate drying unit, in which drying is carried out in an atmosphere rendered inert by a drying flue gas stream.
  • a drying unit can be used as a separate drying unit in which the lignite is subjected to direct drying in direct contact with flue gas.
  • the dried brown coal from the second mill is fed as dry brown coal into the flue gas brown coal stream of the first mill in a burner allocation. It can be provided, for example, that the dried lignite from the second mill is fed entirely as dry lignite into the flue gas lignite stream of the first mill, so that the second mill does not directly feed the boiler with a flue gas lignite stream.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in particular by the fact that the boiler is fired with tangential firing with jet burners, to which the flue gas lignite stream is allocated. Jet burners are much less susceptible to malfunctions than omnidirectional or swirl burners. Jet burners are also significantly simpler in terms of design. These are based on the principle that the fuel / carrier gas duct is essentially designed as a rectangular duct, which is surrounded by corresponding secondary air ducts. A swirling and swirling of the flue gas / fuel flow or the secondary air flow with corresponding internally acting installations is not necessary.
  • the dry lignite is fed from the separate drying unit into a carrier gas recirculation line of the first mill.
  • Carrier gas recirculation lines are usually used to control the power of the mill, in that part of the carrier gas is optionally branched off behind the mill and is recirculated through the mill.
  • the dry brown coal can be fed into a solid return of a mill classifier. Even such a procedure requires hardly any design adjustments to existing mills.
  • the dry lignite is introduced into an inlet area of the first mill with at least one screw conveyor.
  • dry lignite can be blown into the first mill with inert gas, for example low-pressure water vapor, or, for example, dry lignite mixed with recirculated carrier gas as the conveying medium. It is expedient to inject dry lignite in such a way that the dry lignite is rapidly mixed with the raw lignite.
  • inert gas for example low-pressure water vapor
  • dry lignite mixed with recirculated carrier gas as the conveying medium. It is expedient to inject dry lignite in such a way that the dry lignite is rapidly mixed with the raw lignite.
  • the entry point for the dry brown coal is provided after the first mill in the burner allocation.
  • a mixture of ground-dried raw lignite and dry lignite is to be fed approximately evenly into all the burners of the boiler, it is advantageous to feed the dry lignite into the flue gas lignite stream immediately behind the first mill.
  • the dry lignite viewed in the direction of flow of the flue gas lignite stream, is added behind the first mill and behind a branch of the flue gas lignite stream to a post-reaction burner or vapor burner, the flue gas lignite stream for the main burners. This results in a concentration of the fuel at the lower burners (main burner), so that low-NOx combustion can be achieved.
  • beater wheel mills can be used as mills, in which the impact material is impacted in a known manner. So-called wet fan mills or fan beater mills can also be used.
  • the dry lignite can be added, for example, in the propeller part of the mill.
  • the indirect drying of the lignite is carried out in at least one fluidized bed dryer.
  • the energy of the vapor produced during indirect drying is expediently used at least in part for preheating the combustion air and / or the boiler feed water.
  • the amount of dry brown coal fed in is regulated as a function of the load of the steam generator.
  • the amount of dry lignite fed in can be increased at short notice. Since this dry lignite may not have to go through the mill-drying cycle of the first mill, it is relatively easy to control the output of the steam generator in this way.
  • the figure is not an embodiment of the invention.
  • the process flow diagram shown in the figure shows a boiler 1 with a combustion chamber 2 and a convection part 3.
  • the convection part 3 comprises, in a known manner, heating surfaces by means of which convective heat transfer into the heating medium takes place.
  • Dried dusty lignite is burned within the combustion chamber 2 by means of dust burners which are designed as jet burners.
  • the radiant heat is transferred to the heating medium circulating in the steam cycle of the boiler 1.
  • the water vapor generated by the boiler 1 can be expanded in a steam turbine for the purpose of generating electrical energy, alternatively the steam can also be used as process heat in other coupled processes.
  • the fuel in the form of dry lignite and raw lignite is ground in a beater wheel mill 5 and distributed to several jet burners via a burner allocation 6.
  • the impact wheel mill 5 is fed on the one hand with pit-moist raw lignite 7 and on the other hand with dry lignite 8 from a drying unit (not shown).
  • the dry lignite 8 is added, for example, to an inert gas recirculation line.
  • a flue gas lignite stream 10 is delivered from the beater wheel mill 5 to the burner allocation 6, behind which the combustion air 11 is added to the flue gas lignite stream 10.
  • the combustion air 11 is taken from the atmosphere and preheated via a combustion air preheater 12.
  • the combustion air preheater 12 is operated with the flue gas stream 13 from the convection part 3 of the boiler 1. Part of the combustion air 11 is added to the drying flue gas stream 9 in front of the beater wheel mill 5, another part is added to the boiler 1 as burnout air 14.
  • the raw lignite 7 is re-ground together with the dry lignite 8 and then dried and thoroughly mixed.
  • the flue gas lignite stream 10 (carrier gas stream) leaving the beater wheel mill 5 comprises, for example, approximately 15% to 35%, preferably approximately 20% to 25% dry lignite 8 based on the calorific value of the entire fuel used under full load of the boiler.
  • the dry lignite 8 is added to the flue gas lignite stream 10 behind the beater wheel mill 5, but before the end of the burner allocation 6.
  • the combustion air 11 is preheated in the combustion air preheater 12 by means of the flue gas stream 13.
  • the invention is to be understood in such a way that, instead of a combustion air preheater 12 with flue gas, a combustion air preheater is used which is operated with low-temperature heat from the drying of the dry lignite.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
EP13777007.9A 2012-10-11 2013-10-10 Verfahren zum betrieb eines dampferzeugers Not-in-force EP2906876B2 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL13777007T PL2906876T5 (pl) 2012-10-11 2013-10-10 Sposób eksploatacji wytwornicy pary

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012019928.7A DE102012019928A1 (de) 2012-10-11 2012-10-11 Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Dampferzeugers
PCT/EP2013/071139 WO2014057025A2 (de) 2012-10-11 2013-10-10 Verfahren zum betrieb eines dampferzeugers

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2906876A2 EP2906876A2 (de) 2015-08-19
EP2906876B1 EP2906876B1 (de) 2016-12-28
EP2906876B2 true EP2906876B2 (de) 2020-01-01

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ID=49378255

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EP13777007.9A Not-in-force EP2906876B2 (de) 2012-10-11 2013-10-10 Verfahren zum betrieb eines dampferzeugers

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2906876B2 (pl)
CN (1) CN104781606B (pl)
AU (2) AU2013328717A1 (pl)
CA (1) CA2887109C (pl)
DE (1) DE102012019928A1 (pl)
PL (1) PL2906876T5 (pl)
WO (1) WO2014057025A2 (pl)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012019928A1 (de) 2012-10-11 2014-04-30 Rwe Power Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Dampferzeugers
DE102015117191A1 (de) * 2015-10-08 2017-04-13 Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Europe Gmbh Kohlekraftwerk mit Mühlenluftwärmetauscher
CN118935948B (zh) * 2024-10-14 2024-12-17 苏能(锡林郭勒)发电有限公司 一种褐煤连续干燥装置

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DE10336802A1 (de) † 2003-08-11 2005-03-17 Alexander Kuslow Verfahren und Anlage zum Trennen und Sortieren insbesondere von in einem Shredder vorzerkleinerten Stoffen in ihre Einzelkomponenten und Aufbereitung zu deren stoffeigenen Verwertung

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JPH10337536A (ja) † 1997-06-04 1998-12-22 Takayuki Miyazaki アルミニウム箔と合紙との選別方法
JP2003094031A (ja) † 2001-09-27 2003-04-02 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd スリット屑の回収装置
DE10336802A1 (de) † 2003-08-11 2005-03-17 Alexander Kuslow Verfahren und Anlage zum Trennen und Sortieren insbesondere von in einem Shredder vorzerkleinerten Stoffen in ihre Einzelkomponenten und Aufbereitung zu deren stoffeigenen Verwertung

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2887109A1 (en) 2014-04-17
PL2906876T3 (pl) 2017-06-30
CN104781606A (zh) 2015-07-15
AU2018202163A1 (en) 2018-04-26
AU2018202163B2 (en) 2019-09-19
CN104781606B (zh) 2017-08-29
AU2013328717A1 (en) 2015-05-07
WO2014057025A3 (de) 2015-01-22
WO2014057025A2 (de) 2014-04-17
PL2906876T5 (pl) 2020-07-13
EP2906876A2 (de) 2015-08-19
DE102012019928A1 (de) 2014-04-30
CA2887109C (en) 2020-09-01
EP2906876B1 (de) 2016-12-28

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