EP2297757B1 - Verwendung eines elektrischen kontaktmaterials zum blasen eines elektrischen bogens - Google Patents

Verwendung eines elektrischen kontaktmaterials zum blasen eines elektrischen bogens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2297757B1
EP2297757B1 EP09749760A EP09749760A EP2297757B1 EP 2297757 B1 EP2297757 B1 EP 2297757B1 EP 09749760 A EP09749760 A EP 09749760A EP 09749760 A EP09749760 A EP 09749760A EP 2297757 B1 EP2297757 B1 EP 2297757B1
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Prior art keywords
magnetic
entities
pads
use according
magnetized
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EP09749760A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2297757A1 (de
Inventor
Laurent Doublet
Christine Bourda
Didier Jeannot
Pierre Ramoni
Dominique Givord
Sophie Rivoirard
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Metalor Technologies International SA
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Metalor Technologies International SA
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Priority to EP09749760A priority Critical patent/EP2297757B1/de
Priority to PL09749760T priority patent/PL2297757T3/pl
Priority to SI200930226T priority patent/SI2297757T1/sl
Publication of EP2297757A1 publication Critical patent/EP2297757A1/de
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Publication of EP2297757B1 publication Critical patent/EP2297757B1/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H01H9/446—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet using magnetisable elements associated with the contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/0094—Switches making use of nanoelectromechanical systems [NEMS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
    • H01H1/0237—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
    • H01H1/02372—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing as major components one or more oxides of the following elements only: Cd, Sn, Zn, In, Bi, Sb or Te
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
    • Y10T29/49124—On flat or curved insulated base, e.g., printed circuit, etc.

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electrical contacts. It relates, more particularly, to the use of an electrical contact material with arc extinguishing effect.
  • Such a type of material finds its application mainly for the realization of so-called "low voltage" contacts, that is to say whose operating range is approximately between 10 and 1000V and between 1 and 10000A.
  • These contacts are generally used in the domestic, industrial and automotive fields, both in direct current and AC, for switches, relays, contactors and circuit breakers, etc.
  • the energy released by the electric arc is sufficient to melt the material constituting the pads, which entails not only the degradation of the metal parts but also, sometimes, their welding, with the consequence of blocking the device.
  • one solution consists in using pseudoalloys comprising a silver or copper matrix and, inserted in this matrix, a fraction consisting of approximately 10 to 50% by volume of refractory particles (for example , Ni, C, W, WC, CdO, SnO 2 ) of a size generally between 1 and 5 microns.
  • refractory particles for example , Ni, C, W, WC, CdO, SnO 2
  • This method does not allow to limit the mergers and, because of their repetition, problems of erosion and welding of the studs can occur in the short or medium term.
  • An object of the present invention is therefore to overcome these disadvantages, by proposing to use an electrical contact material to make contact pads whose operation is not impaired in the short term or in the long term by the energy an electric arc.
  • the invention relates to the use of a material comprising a matrix of conductive metal and magnetic entities representing between 8 and 80% by weight of the material and comprising hard magnetic phases, said magnetic entities initially not magnetized having been made magnetized with a mean orientation, defined by the direction of a magnetic field applied to said material, for blowing an electric arc between two pads of electrical contacts, at least one of which comprises said material, and thus reduce the duration of the arc.
  • the material may further comprise a stable refractory fraction at a temperature greater than 900 ° C.
  • At least one of the phases of the magnetic entities is a hard magnetic compound based on rare earths.
  • said material is capable of generating a magnetic induction field, measured at its surface, greater than 20 mT, preferably greater than 60 mT, and more preferably greater than 100 mT.
  • At least one of said pads which comprises said material with the magnetic entities has an overlayer comprising a material selected from silver and copper.
  • the present invention also relates to a constituent material of an electrical contact pad comprising a matrix of conductive metal and magnetic entities representing between 8 and 80% by weight of the material and comprising hard magnetic phases, said magnetic entities initially not magnetized having been rendered magnetized with a mean orientation, defined by the direction of a magnetic field applied to said material, at least one of the magnetic phases being a rare earth compound, with the exception of the samarium.
  • the invention relates to a pair of pads of electrical contacts, said pads defining between them an axis, in which that at least one of said pads is made of a material as defined above and has a magnetization generating a magnetic field perpendicular to said axis.
  • a pair of electrical contact pads comprising, at the cathode, a contact pad made of a material defined above.
  • the material used according to the invention initially contains multidomain magnetic entities forming a set initially initially unmagnetized, and then to be magnetized by the application of a field.
  • the material used according to the invention does not initially contain spontaneously magnetized monodomain entities.
  • the magnetic entities represent between 10 and 50% by weight of the material, preferably between 12 and 30% by weight, and more preferably between 18 and 22% by weight of said material.
  • Magnetic entities include magnetic phases that can be obtained from one or more ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic hard compounds.
  • they are chosen from compounds based on rare earths, among which mention may be made of the so-called RE-Fe-B type compounds (RE being the abbreviation of Rare Earth, Rare Earth).
  • RE is neodymium or praseodymium.
  • Other compounds of the RE-M type can be used, RE being preferably La, Gd, Y or Lu, of the 1/5, 1/7 or 2/17 type, and M being predominantly Co or Fe and possibly containing Cu, Zr, Al and other minority elements.
  • the compounds of the RE-Fe-N type can also be used.
  • the magnetic entities have a coercive field and a residual induction sufficient to allow their use in the targeted applications, these two parameters can be evaluated by simple experimental tests. Indeed, as will be explained below, it is necessary that the contact generates a certain magnetic field so as to destabilize a possible electric arc occurring between the pads. In particular, it must be that after having been exposed to a magnetic field, the material has a sufficient and stable long-term residual induction for long-term use.
  • This induction obtained by magnetization of the pads under an external magnetic field, can be characterized by the magnetic field generated on the surface of the pads, and persistent after removal of the applied magnetic field. As an indication, the field generated on the surface must be greater than 20 mT, preferably 60 mT, and more preferably greater than 100 mT, measured using a Hall effect probe distributed by Lakeshore.
  • the matrix comprises a refractory fraction, stable at a temperature above 900 ° C.
  • the refractory fraction may comprise one or more of the elements selected from the following group: CdO, SnO 2 , ZnO, Bi 2 O 3 , C, WC, MgO, In 2 O 3 , as well as Ni, Fe, Mo, Zr , W or their oxides.
  • the refractory fraction is added in an amount so that the percentage of magnetic entities is at least 8% and the amount of conductive metal is at least 20%.
  • the magnetic entities are dispersed in the matrix, either regularly, or according to a concentration gradient, or again in localized blocks.
  • the material may also contain dopants or minor additives, facilitating the use of the material, which may be, for example, Ni, Co, Fe, Bi, Re, Zr and their oxides.
  • the material described above is used to make pads of electrical contacts.
  • the first steps of the process of developing the material and forming the contact pads are common and are known to those skilled in the art who can choose between several techniques.
  • the method comprises an additional step of magnetizing the material on the already developed pads.
  • the material preparation step may be carried out by powder metallurgy, one of the magnetic entities being nanostructured RE-Fe-B, where RE is a rare earth element.
  • a preferred direction of the magnetic entities may be obtained by applying a suitable method during the development of the pads (pressure, magnetic field, heat treatment). This operation is not essential but it makes it possible to increase the magnetization of the studs induced by the field, applied after elaboration of the pads.
  • the use, as a starting material for constituting the magnetic entities of the contact, of a ribbon The nanostructured RE-Fe-B obtained by a rapid solidification technique, particularly by the technique known as melt spinning gives excellent results. It is not necessary to further describe this technique known to those skilled in the art. In summary, it consists in flowing, through a nozzle, molten metal contained in a reservoir, and in bringing a net of liquid metal in contact with a cylinder, for example copper, rotating great speed. Thanks to this technique, the RE-Fe-B cools by taking a microstructure, which allows it to present remarkable hard magnetic characteristics for the intended use.
  • the RE-Fe-B can be combined with other magnetic materials to optimize the magnetic properties of the assembly, the RE-Fe-B advantageously representing at least 50% by weight of the magnetic entities.
  • Contact pads are then shaped by cutting strips, stamping son, unit compression. They are then arranged on a suitable support, by any traditional method of assembling electrical contacts, in particular: resistance welding, resistance brazing, induction brazing, flame or oven brazing, crimping, incrustation ... view of their use as electrical contacts.
  • the material used according to the invention can be formed into a washer or a layer, forming a magnetic system, made integral with a traditional electrical contact pad by incrustation, welding, brazing or riveting, or by layer deposition (s).
  • the magnetic material, the contact material or both may be in the form of one or more layers.
  • the magnetic system can also serve as a mechanical support and supply current to the electrical contact. It is advantageously possible to adapt the magnetic system according to the variant in existing installations, while retaining the initial contact material, since it occupies only a small space in addition to the contact, unlike the electromagnetic members of the prior art.
  • the magnetic entities are not magnetized.
  • the pads must then undergo the magnetization step by applying a magnetizing magnetic field to provide the magnetic non-magnetized entities global magnetization in a mean orientation defined by the applied field.
  • the studs can then fully play their role of blower or arc extinguisher. This operation can take place in the factory, after development of the stud. It can also take place at the user, before or after the final assembly of the contact. It is carried out by exposing the pads to a magnetic field of intensity between 0.5 and 30 T, preferably between 1 and 30 T, and still more preferably between 1 and 10 T.
  • the material used in the form of pads comprises magnetic entities initially not magnetized which are either capable of being made magnetized by the application of a magnetic field to the user, or already made magnetized by the application of a magnetic field in factory.
  • the field may in particular be applied in parallel or preferably perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of a stud, so that the latter has field lines as illustrated, respectively, on the Figures 1a and 1b .
  • the conditions of the magnetization step are adapted to the magnetic material so that, after having undergone the magnetization step, the studs are source of a magnetic induction field, which, measured at their surface, is greater than 20 mT, preferably 60 mT, and more preferably greater than 100 mT.
  • the pads thus obtained are then implemented in electrical contacts formed of two pads defining between them a first axis.
  • the contact may comprise a single pad obtained according to the above method, arranged in the case of a DC circuit, the anode or the cathode. It is also possible that the two studs forming the contact are made of a magnetic material used according to the invention. Various magnetic field orientations are possible and conceivable, for example, when a single magnetic pad is used, the field it generates can be oriented parallel or perpendicular to the first axis.
  • the stud may comprise an overlay deposited on the magnetic material.
  • Such an overcoat comprises a conductive material chosen from silver and copper and optionally a refractory compound chosen from the group comprising compounds CdO, SnO 2 , ZnO, Bi 2 O 3 , C, WC, MgO, In 2 O 3 , as well as Ni, Fe, Mo, Zr, W or their oxides.
  • the overlay advantageously makes it possible to isolate the magnetic entities from the stud of the contact surface and thus to reduce the risks of soldering on closing. Indeed, the blowing effect can be attenuated by the ionization of the constituent elements of the magnetic compound, the latter can increase the contact resistance and promote welding. In any case, the extreme surface of the contact is strongly heated under the effect of the arc so that the magnetic properties of the surface entities are generally destroyed in operation.
  • the overlayer must be thin enough so that the field created by the underlying magnetic entities in the arc area remains sufficiently intense, and possibly thick enough not to be completely melted under the effect of the arc. However, it turns out that the reduction in the duration of the arc obtained according to the invention leads to very low erosion.
  • the overlay may have a thickness of between 0.05 mm and 3 mm, preferably between 0.1 mm and 2 mm, and more preferably between 0.2 mm and 1 mm.
  • the powder thus obtained is mixed with powdered silver, the particles of which have a mean diameter of between 15 and 50 ⁇ m.
  • the mixture is produced in a mass proportion of 80% of silver and 20% of EM magnetic entity powder.
  • a magnetic material is obtained constituting an electrical contact pad.
  • An electrical contact pad is then shaped by unitary compression and compacted under a pressure of 700 MPa.
  • the pad is then sintered under vacuum at 400 ° C for about 30 minutes.
  • the pad is then assembled on a support according to one of the techniques mentioned above, for use in an electrical contact.
  • the pad is magnetized by exposing it to a magnetic field of 8 T.
  • the pad is oriented perpendicular to the magnetic field, as illustrated on the figure 1a so that it has a magnetization perpendicular to its longitudinal axis.
  • the pad is a source of a remanent induction field of about 60 mT at the surface.
  • the pad obtained above is then used in a contact of a resistive-type electrical circuit, operating under a 42 V DC voltage, with an intensity of 37.5 A.
  • a magnet pad is disposed at the cathode, the other being silver.
  • the opening arc duration is measured. Closure tests are also performed to simulate the risks of welding, under the same conditions as for opening, but with a current of 90 A. measures the percentage of welding obtained, whose breaking force is greater than 0.1 N.
  • Example 1 is reproduced by replacing 6% by weight of silver of the matrix with 6% by weight of a refractory compound (SnO 2 ).
  • An overlayer 0.6 mm thick is applied to the magnetic material of the pad obtained in Example 1.
  • Said overlayer comprises 100% silver.
  • Example 1 is reproduced by not subjecting the pad to a magnetization (Example 4) or by using other materials to make the pads of the contact (Examples 5 and 6).
  • Example 4 shows the importance of the magnetization step of the stud since a contact comprising a non-magnetized stud has an arc duration at the opening of 9 ms while the contact comprising the magnetic pin has a arc duration at opening of 3 ms.

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  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Verwendung eines Materials, das eine Matrix aus leitendem Metall und magnetische Einheiten aufweist, die zwischen 8 und 80 Gew.-% des Materials darstellen und harte magnetische Phasen umfassen, um einen elektrischen Lichtbogen zwischen zwei elektrische Kontaktstücke zu blasen, von denen mindestens eines das Material umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die magnetischen Einheiten ursprünglich nicht magnetisiert sind und dass sie mit einer mittleren Ausrichtung, die von der Richtung des Magnetfelds definiert ist, das auf das Material angewendet wird, magnetisiert wurden.
  2. Verwendung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die magnetischen Einheiten zwischen 10 und 50 Gew.-% des Materials darstellen, vorzugsweise zwischen 12 und 30 Gew.-% und in noch bevorzugter Weise zwischen 18 und 22 Gew.-% des Materials.
  3. Verwendung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material weiterhin einen bei einer Temperatur über 900 °C stabilen hitzebeständigen Anteil umfasst.
  4. Verwendung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der hitzebeständige Anteil ein oder mehrere der Elemente aufweist, die aus der folgenden Gruppe ausgewählt sind: CdO, SnO2, ZnO, Bi2O3, C, WC, MgO, In2O3 sowie Ni, Fe, Mo, Zr, W oder ihren Oxiden.
  5. Verwendung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, mindestes eine der Phasen der magnetischen Einheiten eine harte magnetische Verbindung auf Basis seltener Erden ist.
  6. Verwendung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die magnetischen Einheiten nanostrukturierte RE-Fe-B-Legierungen sind, wobei RE ein Element der seltenen Erden ist.
  7. Verwendung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass RE das Neodym oder das Praseodym ist.
  8. Verwendung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material imstande ist, ein magnetisches Induktionsfeld zu erzeugen, das, auf seiner Oberfläche gemessen, größer als 20 mT, vorzugsweise größer als 60 mT und in noch bevorzugter Weise größer als 100 mT ist.
  9. Verwendung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kontaktstücke zwischen sich eine Achse definieren, wobei mindestens eines der Kontaktstücke aus dem Material gefertigt ist und eine Magnetisierung aufweist, die ein Magnetfeld senkrecht zu der Achse erzeugt.
  10. Verwendung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eines der Kontaktstücke, das die magnetischen Einheiten umfasst, eine Überschicht aufweist, die ein Material umfasst, das aus dem Silber und dem Kupfer ausgewählt ist.
  11. Verwendung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Überschicht weiterhin eine hitzebeständige Verbindung umfasst, die aus der Gruppe ausgewählt ist, die die Verbindungen CdO, SnO2, ZnO, Bi2O3, C, WC, MgO, In2O3 sowie Ni, Fe, Mo, Zr, W oder ihre Oxide umfasst.
  12. Verwendung nach Anspruch 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Überschicht eine Dicke zwischen 0,05 mm und 3 mm inklusive, vorzugsweise zwischen 0,1 mm und 2 mm und in noch bevorzugter Weise zwischen 0,2 mm und 1 mm inklusive aufweist.
  13. Material eines elektrischen Kontaktstücks, das eine Matrix aus leitendem Metall und magnetische Einheiten aufweist, die zwischen 8 und 80 Gew.-% des Materials darstellen und harte magnetische Phasen umfassen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die magnetischen Einheiten ursprünglich nicht magnetisiert sind und mit einer mittleren Ausrichtung magnetisiert wurden, die von der Richtung eines Magnetsfelds definiert ist, das auf das Material angewendet wird, wobei eine der magnetischen Phasen eine Verbindung auf Basis seltener Erden ist, das Samarium ausgenommen.
  14. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines elektrischen Kontaktstücks, das die folgenden Schritte umfasst:
    - Herstellung eines Materials aus Silber oder Kupfer, um die Matrix des Materials und magnetische Einheiten zu bilden, die harte magnetische Phasen umfassen, wobei die magnetischen Einheiten nicht magnetisiert sind, wobei mindestens eine der magnetischen Phasen eine Verbindung auf Basis seltener Erden ist,
    - Formung des Kontaktstücks,
    - Verbindung mit einem Träger und
    - Magnetisierung des Kontaktstücks.
  15. Herstellungsverfahren nach Anspruch 14, bei dem der Schritt der Herstellung des Materials durch Pulvermetallurgie durchgeführt wird, wobei eine der magnetischen Einheiten nanostrukturiertes RE-Fe-B ist, wobei RE ein Element seltener Erden ist.
  16. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 14 und 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt der Magnetisierung derart durchgeführt wird, dass das Kontaktstück ein magnetisches Induktionsfeld erzeugt, das, auf seiner Oberfläche gemessen, größer als 20 mT, vorzugsweise größer als 60 mT und in noch bevorzugter Weise größer als 100 mT ist.
  17. Elektrisches Kontaktstückpaar, wobei die Kontaktstücke zwischen sich eine Achse definieren, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eines der Kontaktstücke aus einem Material nach Anspruch 13 hergestellt ist und eine Magnetisierung aufweist, die ein Magnetfeld senkrecht zur Achse erzeugt.
  18. Elektrisches Kontaktstückpaar, das an der Kathode ein Kontaktstück umfasst, das aus einem Material nach Anspruch 13 hergestellt ist.
  19. Elektrisches Kontaktstück, das aus einem Material nach Ansprüche 13 hergestellt ist, das eine Überschicht aufweist, die ein Material umfasst, das aus dem Silber und dem Kupfer ausgewählt ist und eventuell eine hitzebeständige Verbindung, die aus der Gruppe ausgewählt ist, die die Verbindungen CdO, Sn02, ZnO, Bi2O3, C, WC, MgO, In2O3 sowie Ni, Fe, Mo, Zr, W oder ihre Oxide umfasst.
EP09749760A 2008-05-22 2009-05-14 Verwendung eines elektrischen kontaktmaterials zum blasen eines elektrischen bogens Active EP2297757B1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09749760A EP2297757B1 (de) 2008-05-22 2009-05-14 Verwendung eines elektrischen kontaktmaterials zum blasen eines elektrischen bogens
PL09749760T PL2297757T3 (pl) 2008-05-22 2009-05-14 Zastosowanie materiału na styki elektryczne do wydmuchiwania łuku elektrycznego
SI200930226T SI2297757T1 (sl) 2008-05-22 2009-05-14 Uporaba elektriäśnega kontaktnega materiala za pihanje elektriäśne iskre

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08156731A EP2124236A1 (de) 2008-05-22 2008-05-22 Verwendung eines elektrischen Kontaktmaterials zur Herstellung eines Lichtbogens durch Blasen
PCT/EP2009/055879 WO2009141270A1 (fr) 2008-05-22 2009-05-14 Utilisation d'un materiau de contact electrique pour souffler un arc electrique
EP09749760A EP2297757B1 (de) 2008-05-22 2009-05-14 Verwendung eines elektrischen kontaktmaterials zum blasen eines elektrischen bogens

Publications (2)

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EP2297757A1 EP2297757A1 (de) 2011-03-23
EP2297757B1 true EP2297757B1 (de) 2012-02-08

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EP08156731A Withdrawn EP2124236A1 (de) 2008-05-22 2008-05-22 Verwendung eines elektrischen Kontaktmaterials zur Herstellung eines Lichtbogens durch Blasen
EP09749760A Active EP2297757B1 (de) 2008-05-22 2009-05-14 Verwendung eines elektrischen kontaktmaterials zum blasen eines elektrischen bogens

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EP08156731A Withdrawn EP2124236A1 (de) 2008-05-22 2008-05-22 Verwendung eines elektrischen Kontaktmaterials zur Herstellung eines Lichtbogens durch Blasen

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US (1) US20110068088A1 (de)
EP (2) EP2124236A1 (de)
JP (1) JP2011521418A (de)
CN (1) CN102037530A (de)
AT (1) ATE545144T1 (de)
BR (1) BRPI0913030A2 (de)
CA (1) CA2723770A1 (de)
ES (1) ES2380310T3 (de)
HK (1) HK1152146A1 (de)
IL (1) IL209303A0 (de)
MX (1) MX2010012523A (de)
PL (1) PL2297757T3 (de)
PT (1) PT2297757E (de)
SI (1) SI2297757T1 (de)
WO (1) WO2009141270A1 (de)

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CN103551575A (zh) * 2013-10-31 2014-02-05 福达合金材料股份有限公司 一种具有自吹弧特性的软磁电触头材料的制备方法及其产品
CN113194590B (zh) * 2021-04-20 2023-03-14 核工业西南物理研究院 一种静电探针探头

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EP1381065A1 (de) * 2002-07-12 2004-01-14 Metalor Technologies International S.A. Elektrischer Kontaktwerkstoff und sein Herstellungsverfahren
JP2004288605A (ja) * 2003-03-04 2004-10-14 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd 直流リレー
JP2004349203A (ja) 2003-05-26 2004-12-09 Omron Corp 直流負荷用接点構成および該接点構成を有した開閉器
CN1898756B (zh) * 2004-07-16 2010-05-26 Tdk株式会社 稀土类磁铁
JP4565338B2 (ja) * 2005-11-30 2010-10-20 アイシン精機株式会社 永久磁石の固定構造及び固定方法

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PT2297757E (pt) 2012-04-18
PL2297757T3 (pl) 2012-07-31
CA2723770A1 (fr) 2009-11-26
HK1152146A1 (en) 2012-02-17
MX2010012523A (es) 2011-02-22
ES2380310T3 (es) 2012-05-10
US20110068088A1 (en) 2011-03-24
JP2011521418A (ja) 2011-07-21
BRPI0913030A2 (pt) 2015-10-13
EP2297757A1 (de) 2011-03-23
CN102037530A (zh) 2011-04-27
SI2297757T1 (sl) 2012-08-31
WO2009141270A1 (fr) 2009-11-26
ATE545144T1 (de) 2012-02-15
EP2124236A1 (de) 2009-11-25
IL209303A0 (en) 2011-01-31

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