Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07J—STEROIDS
  • C07J5/00—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen, substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms, e.g. pregnane and substituted in position 21 by only one singly bound oxygen atom, i.e. only one oxygen bound to position 21 by a single bond
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/56—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P15/00—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives
  • A61P15/08—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives for gonadal disorders or for enhancing fertility, e.g. inducers of ovulation or of spermatogenesis
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07J—STEROIDS
  • C07J1/00—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen, not substituted in position 17 beta by a carbon atom, e.g. estrane, androstane
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07J—STEROIDS
  • C07J1/00—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen, not substituted in position 17 beta by a carbon atom, e.g. estrane, androstane
  • C07J1/0051—Estrane derivatives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07J—STEROIDS
  • C07J11/00—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen, not substituted in position 3
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07J—STEROIDS
  • C07J3/00—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen, substituted in position 17 beta by one carbon atom
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07J—STEROIDS
  • C07J31/00—Normal steroids containing one or more sulfur atoms not belonging to a hetero ring
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07J—STEROIDS
  • C07J41/00—Normal steroids containing one or more nitrogen atoms not belonging to a hetero ring
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07J—STEROIDS
  • C07J7/00—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07J—STEROIDS
  • C07J9/00—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of more than two carbon atoms, e.g. cholane, cholestane, coprostane
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
  • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
  • C12P33/00—Preparation of steroids
  • C12P33/06—Hydroxylating
  • C12P33/08—Hydroxylating at 11 position
  • C12P33/10—Hydroxylating at 11 position at 11 alpha-position
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
  • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
  • C12P33/00—Preparation of steroids
  • C12P33/12—Acting on D ring
  • C12P33/16—Acting at 17 position

Definitions

• the invention relates to microbiological processes for the preparation of 7 ⁇ -substituted 11 ⁇ -hydroxysteroids, 7 ⁇ , 17 ⁇ -substituted 11ß-halogen steroids which can be prepared therefrom, production processes for the latter compounds and their use and pharmaceutical preparations which contain these compounds.
• the invention relates to further 7 ⁇ -substituted 11 ⁇ -halogen steroids, namely 7 ⁇ -substituted estra-1,3,5 (10) -trienes, which are obtainable from the 7 ⁇ -substituted 11 ⁇ -hydroxysteroids.
• Androgens especially testosterone, are used for the therapy of the virile climacterium and for the development of the male sexual organs as well as for male fertility control.
• these hormones also have partial anabolic active components that, among other things, promote muscle growth.
• the climacteric virile is characterized by an age-related decrease in the body's androgen production, so that a hormone replacement is carried out for its treatment (HRT: hormone replacement therapy).
• LH-RH administration for male fertility control also leads to the release of LH and a lowering of testosterone levels and libido, which are compensated for by the administration of testosterone drugs (DECummings et al., "Prostate-Sparing Effects of the Potent And ragen 7 ⁇ -Methyl-19-Nortestosterone: A Potential Alternative to Testosterone for Androgene Replacement and Male Contraception ", Journal of Clinical Endoc nology and Metabolism, Vol. 83, No. 12, pages 4212-4219 (1998))
• a combination therapy with the administration of androgens and a gestagen-active component can be used to control male fertility (see, for example, WO 01/60376 A and the documents cited therein).
• estradiol In testosterone metabolism, a small portion of this compound is also converted to estradiol by aromatizing ring A of the steroid system, particularly in the brain, liver and adipose tissue. With regard to the overall effect of testosterone and its metabolites, estradiol is decisive for gender-specific behavior and the gonadotropin Regulation responsible. Therefore, its effect, like that of testosterone, can be regarded as favorable for the adult male (Cummings et al., Ibid.).
• testosterone has been found to be unsatisfactory.
• testosterone is rapidly excreted when administered orally, so that the effectiveness and duration of action of medicaments produced with it are unsatisfactory. Therefore, other testosterone derivatives have also been synthesized. Such derivatives are described, inter alia, in US Pat. No.
• the aforementioned 7 ⁇ , 11 ⁇ -dimethyl derivatives like MeNT, have the aforementioned advantages, including improved pharmacokinetics, i.e. their effectiveness and duration of action are improved compared to testosterone.
• these derivatives can only be produced via a complex synthesis route.
• estr-4-en-3,17-dione and canrenone are transformed into the corresponding 11 ⁇ -hydroxy analog using a microorganism selected from the group comprising Aspergillus nigricans, Rhizopus arrhizus and strains of Pestelotia can.
• a microorganism selected from the group comprising Aspergillus nigricans, Rhizopus arrhizus and strains of Pestelotia can.
• Shibahara et al., Biochim. Biophys. Ada, 202 (1970), 172-179 who reported that the microbiological 11 ⁇ -hydroxylation reaction on steroids was unpredictable.
• the present invention is therefore based on the problem of finding derivatives of testosterone which are not sensitive to a reduction by means of 5 ⁇ -reductase and which also have improved pharmacokinetics. sen and which are particularly easy to manufacture. Accordingly, a very essential aspect of the present invention is to find a method for better accessibility of the preliminary products with which the preliminary products can be easily manufactured.
• alkyl, alkylene, alkenyl, alkenylene, alkynyl, alkynylene groups can be either straight-chain or branched.
• d- to C- ⁇ 8 alkyl for example methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, / -propyl, n-butyl, -butyl, -butyl, n-pentyl, / -pentyl, f-pentyl, r / eo -Pentyl, ⁇ -hexyl, 1-methyl- / 7-pentyl, 2-methyl-n-pentyl, 3-methyl-n-pentyl, 4-methyl-n-pentyl, 1-ethyl- ⁇ -butyl, 2- Ethyl - /? - butyl etc.
• Alicyclic alkyl is either a cycloalkyl or a cycloalkyl which is substituted by one or more alkyl groups and which is bonded directly via the cycloalkyl ring or via one of the alkyl groups.
• an alicyclic alkenyl is either a cycloalkenyl or a cycloalkenyl or cycloalkyl substituted with one or more alkenyl groups or with one or more alkenyl and alkyl groups or with one or more alkyl groups, which is directly via the cycloalkenyl ring or via one of the alkenyl or optionally Alkyl groups is bonded, at least one double bond being contained in the alicyclic alkenyl.
• Aiyl can be phenyl or 1-naphthyl or 2-naphthyl.
• Aryl basically also includes heteroaryl, in particular 2-, 3- and 4-pyridinyl, 2- and 3-furyl-, 2- and 3-thienyl, 2- and 3-pyrrolyl, 2-, 4- and 5 imidazolyl, pyridazinyl, 2-, 4- and 5-pyrimidinyl and 3- and 4-pyridazinyl.
• Halogen is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.
• compositions are salts of the corresponding compounds with inorganic or organic acids, for example with hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid and methanesulfonic acid.
• the esters can be formed in particular with succinic acid.
• R 7 is the grouping PQ, where
• P is a C to C 4 alkylene and Q is a C to C 4 alkyl or C 1 to C 4 fluoroalkyl (alkyl partially or fully fluorinated) and the group PQ is bonded to the steroid skeleton via P,
• R 10 represents H, CH 3 or CF 3 .
• R 13 is methyl or ethyl.
• a microorganism selected from the group comprising Aspergillus sp., Beauveria sp., Glomerella sp., Gnomonia sp., Haplosporella sp. and Rhizopus sp., hydroxylated and oxidized in one process step.
• Aspergillus awamori Aspergillus fish, Aspergillus malignus, Aspergillus niger, Beauveria bassiana, Glomerella cingulata, Gnomonia cingulata, Haplosporella hesperedica and Rhizopus stolonifer are particularly preferred, with Aspergillus awamori (CBS), Aspergillus20 (Asbs) 20 (Aspergillus20) IMI 16061), Aspergillus niger (ATCC 9142), Beauveria bassiana (ATCC 7159), Glomerella cingulata (CBS 15226, CBS 23849, CBS 98069, ATCC 56596, ATCC 64682, IFO 6425), Gnomonia cingulata (CBS 15226 hes), Hapicaporella CBS 20837) and Rhizopus stolonifer (ATCC 15441) can be used.
• CBS Aspergillus awa
• this microbiological production process can also be carried out in two stages, the hydroxylation and oxidation reactions taking place in successive reaction steps.
• the course of the reaction can be controlled via the reaction time: by interrupting the reaction after a certain reaction time, for example, the hydroxylated but not yet oxidized species can be isolated. Both process steps can therefore be carried out separately or in a mixed fermentation:
• the compound having the general formula 3, A can be used in a first microbiological process step using a first microorganism selected from the group comprising Aspergillus sp., Beauveria sp., Gibberella sp., Glomerella sp., Gnomonia sp., Metarrhician sp ., Nigrospora sp., Rhizopus sp. and Verticillium sp., are hydroxylated in the 11 position, whereby a 7 ⁇ -substituted steroid with a hydroxy group in the 11 ⁇ position is formed.
• This compound has the general formula C:
• R 7 , R 10 and R 13 have the same meanings as previously given for the compounds with the general formula 4, B.
• Aspergillus malignus Aspergillus melleus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus ochraceus, Beauveria bassiana, Gibberella fujikuroi, Gibberella zeae, Glomerella cingulata, Glomerella fusaroides, Gnomonia cingulata, Metarrhician anisopiausiausiaiausiaiausiausiaia, noprousia sp used.
• Aspergillus malignus IMI 16061
• Aspergillus melleus CBS
• Aspergillus niger ATCC 11394
• Aspergillus ochraceus NRRL 405, CBS 13252, ATCC 46504)
• Beauveria bassiana ATCC 7159, IFO 5838, ATCC 13144, IFO 4848, CBS 11025, CBS 12736
• Gibberella fujikuroi ATCC 14842
• Gibberella zeae CBS 4474
• Glomerella cingulata ATCC 10534, CBS 23849, CBS 23749, ATCC 16646, ATCC 16052, IFO 6459, IFO 6425, IFO 6470 , CBS 98069, IFO 7478, IFO 5257, ATCC 64682, ATCC 15470
• Glomerella fusaroides ATCC 9552
• Gnomonia cingulata CBS 15226
• the intermediate product C is then in a second microbiological process step using a second microorganism selected from the group comprising Bacillus sp., Mycobacterium sp., Nocardia sp. and Pseudomonas sp., with the general formula 4, B, to form the 7 ⁇ -substituted 11 ⁇ -hydroxysteroids.
• a second microorganism selected from the group comprising Bacillus sp., Mycobacterium sp., Nocardia sp. and Pseudomonas sp., with the general formula 4, B, to form the 7 ⁇ -substituted 11 ⁇ -hydroxysteroids.
• Bacillus lactimorbus Bacillus sphaericus, Mycobacterium neoaurum, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Nocardia corallina, Nocardia globerula, Nocardia minima, Nocardia restrictus, Nocardia rubropertincta, Nocardia salmonicolor and Pseudomonas testosteroni (BacillusCCCC), (Bacillus 245cc), (70), in particular Bacillus lactobacterium (70), (70) ATCC 9626, NRRL B-3683, NRRL B-3805), Mycobacterium smegmatis (ATCC 14468), Nocardia corallina (ATCC 31338) Nocardia globerula (ATCC 9356), Nocardia minima (ATCC 19150), Nocardia restrictus (NCIB 10027), Noctaia rubia (ATCC 14352), Nocardia salmonicolor (ATCC 19149) and Pseudomonas testosteroni
• R 7 , R 10 and R 13 have the same meanings as given for the compounds with the general formula 4, B, are prepared.
• This reaction is carried out using a microorganism selected from the group comprising Aspergillus sp., Beauveria sp., Curvularia sp., Gibberella sp., Glomerella sp., Gnomonia sp., Haplosporella sp., Helicostylum sp., Nigrospora sp. , Rhizopus sp.
• B is formed.
• Aspergillus alliaceus Aspergillus awamori, Aspergillus fischeri, Aspergillus malignus, Aspergillus melleus, Aspergillus nidualans, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus variecolor, Beauveria bassiana, Curvularia lunata, Gib- berella zeae, Glomerella cingulata, Glomerella fusaroides, Gnomonia cingulata, Haplosporella hesperedica, Helicostylum piriformae, Nigrospora sphaerica, Rhizopus oryzae and Syncephalastrum racemosum, with Aspergillus all
• Processes are particularly suitable in which 7 ⁇ -substituted 11 ⁇ -hydroxysteroids having the general formula 4, B are prepared, in which R 7 independently represents CH 3 and / or R 10 represents H and / or R 13 represents .
• CH 3 stands.
• the process is carried out in the usual way.
• a sterilized nutrient solution for the strain is first prepared and this nutrient solution is then inoculated with the culture solution of the strain in order to grow the strain.
• the pre-culture produced in this way is then placed on a fermenter, which is also charged with a suitable nutrient solution.
• the starting substance is then added to the fermenter, in the present case either a compound with the general formula 3, A or a compound with the general formula D, so that the reaction according to the invention can proceed.
• the mixture of substances is conventionally purified to isolate the desired 7 ⁇ -substituted 11 ⁇ -hydroxysteroid.
• R 3 represents H, C to C 4 alkyl, d to C 4 alkanoyl or a cyclic C 3 to C 7 ether with the O atom of the OR 3 radical,
• R 7 is the grouping PQ, where
• P represents a C to C 4 alkylene and Q represents a C to C 4 alkyl or Cr to C 4 fluoroalkyl (alkyl partially or completely fluorinated) and the group PQ is bonded to the steroid skeleton via P,
• R 11 is a halogen
• R 13 is methyl or ethyl
• R 17 for H, d- to cis-alkyl, alicyclic C to C 18 alkyl, C to C 8 -alkenyl, alicyclic C to C 8 -alkenyl, Cr to C 18 -alkynyl, Cr to C 8 -alkylaryl , Cr to C 8 -alkylene nitrile or for the grouping PQ, where the grouping PQ has the aforementioned meaning,
• R 17 ' for H, Cr to C 18 alkyl, alicyclic C to C 8 alkyl, C to C 18 alkenyl, alicyclic C to C 8 alkenyl, Cr to C 8 alkynyl or Cr to cis alkylaryl stands, wherein R 17 'can also be bonded to the 17 ⁇ -oxy group via a keto group, and wherein R 17' also additionally with one or more groups NR 18 R 19 or one or more groups
• R 17 ' is additionally substituted by a group NR 18 R 19 , this can be a methylamino, dimethylamino, ethylamino, diethylamino, cyclohexylamino, dicyclohexylamino, phenylamino, diphenylamino, benzylamino or Act dibenzylamino group.
• the compounds with the general formulas 10 and 12 are androgenic compounds.
• estrogens estrogen receptor-affine compounds
• radicals R, 3 5, D R7 ', o R1 0 u, D R1 1 1 1 0 R13 0 R1 1 7' and R 17 ' have the same meanings as the corresponding radicals in the general Formula 8,10,12.
• R 1 is preferably independently of one another H and / or R 7 is CH 3 and / or R 11 is fluorine and / or R 13 is CH 3 and / or R 17 is H, CH 3 , C to Cis-alkynyl, in particular ethynyl , CH 2 CN or CF 3 and / or R 17 ' for H.
• Particularly suitable 7 ⁇ , 17 ⁇ -substituted 11 ⁇ -halogen steroids according to the invention with the general formula 8, 10, 12 are:
• the 7 ⁇ -substituted 11 ⁇ -hydroxysteroids thus obtained are converted into the corresponding 7 ⁇ -substituted 11 ⁇ -halogen steroids 5 by nucleophilic substitution with a halodehydroxylation reagent:
• Suitable halodehydroxylation reagents are all the compounds customary for this purpose, for example fluorine, chlorine, hydrobromic or hydroiodic acid, thionyl chloride or thionyl bromide, phosphorus pentachloride, phosphorus oxychloride, N-chlorosuccinimide, triphenylphosphine / carbon tetrachloride, HF / pyridine or diethylaminosulphuryl / fluorotrifluoride-5 / fluorotrifluoride or non-fluoride, trifluoride or preferably Diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undecene.
• Compound 10 is then prepared from 5 by selective alkylation at C 17 of the ring framework (see Scheme I).
• Conventional alkylation reagents can be used for the selective alkylation, for example Grignard compounds and organometallic compounds, in particular alkyl lithium compounds.
• ethynylmagnesium bromide can be used as an alkylating agent to prepare the corresponding 17 ⁇ -ethynyl-17 ⁇ -hydroxy-estr-4-en-3-one from the estr-4-en-3,17-dione.
• the compounds with the general formula 10 are used and isomerized so that the ⁇ 4 double bond in a ⁇ 5 (10) double bond is isomerized.
• a cyclic ether is first formed in the 3-position. The ⁇ 4 double bond is then isomerized into the ⁇ 5 (10) double bond, the 7 ⁇ , 17 ⁇ -substituted 11 ⁇ -halogen steroid having the general formula 12 being formed, and the protective group being split off again.
• the corresponding 11 ⁇ -halogen steroid with the general formula 5 is formed from the 7 ⁇ -substituted 11 ⁇ -hydroxysteroid with the general formula 4, B obtained by microbiological hydroxylation and oxidation by halodehydroxylation in a nucleophilic substitution reaction.
• a 7 ⁇ -substituted Estra-1,3,5 (10) -triene with the general formula 6 is then formed from this by oxidation, for example with a copper (II) salt:
• R 3 , R 7 , R 11 and R 13 have the same meanings as described above. If R 3 is H, these compounds can be synthesized directly. If a radical other than H is R 3 , the corresponding ethers or esters must be formed in a known manner after the 1,3,5 (10) triene ring has been formed by oxidation.
• a particularly preferred 7a-substituted 11 ß-haloestra-1,3,5 (10) -triene with the general formula 6 is 11 ⁇ -fluoro-3-hydroxy-7 ⁇ -methylestra-1,3,5 (10) ⁇ trien-17-one.
• the 7 ⁇ -substituted 11 ⁇ -halogen steroids with the general formula 9 can also be prepared from the substances with the general formula 4, B obtained by microbiological hydroxylation and oxidation from the 7 ⁇ -substituted steroids having the general formula 3, A or D that also have androgenic effects:
• R 7 , R 11 and R 13 have the same meanings as previously indicated.
• a particularly preferred compound is 11 ⁇ -fluoro-17ß-hydroxy-7 ⁇ -methyltr-4-en-3-one.
• the compounds with the general formula 9 and their pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts, esters and amides also have androgenic activity.
• estr-4-en-3,17-dione 5 is reduced to the 17 ⁇ -hydroxy-estr-4-en-3-one 9, for example with a borohydride.
• the compounds with the general formula 9 can furthermore be converted into the corresponding 7 ⁇ -substituted 11 ⁇ -haloestra-5 (10) -enes:
• R 7 , R 10 , R 11 and R 13 have the meanings as in the general formula 8, 10 , 12, being transformed.
• the compounds with the general formula 9 are isomerized by shifting the ⁇ 4 double bond into a ⁇ 5 (1 ⁇ double bond.
• a cyclic ether in the 3-position is first formed for this purpose ⁇ 4 double bond isomerized into the ⁇ 5 (10) double bond, the 7 ⁇ -substituted 11 ⁇ -halogen steroid mentioned above being formed, and the protective group then being split off again.
• R 7 , R 10 , R 11 and R 13 have the meanings as in the general formula 8, 10 , 12,
• the compounds with the general formula 5 are isomerized by shifting the ⁇ 4 double bond into a ⁇ 5 (1 ⁇ double bond.
• a cyclic ether in the 3-position is first formed for this purpose the ⁇ 4 double bond isomerized into the ⁇ 5 (10) double bond, the 7 ⁇ -substituted 11 ⁇ -halogen steroid mentioned above being formed, and the protective group finally being split off again.
• All of the compounds mentioned can also be further esterified or etherified, provided that corresponding hydroxyl groups are in the 3- or 17-position.
• compound 9 can be converted into a corresponding 17 ⁇ ether or 17 ⁇ -esters can be converted.
• a preferred compound is 11 ⁇ -fluoro-17ß- (4-sulfamoylbenzoxy) -7 ⁇ -methyltr-4-en-3-one.
• the substituents on the oxy-oxygen atom at C 17 are in principle the same radicals which are also given for R 17 ' .
• the 7 ⁇ , 17 ⁇ -substituted 11 ⁇ -halogen steroids with the general formula 8, 10, 12 are suitable for the production of medicaments.
• the present invention therefore also relates to the use of the compounds mentioned with the general formula 8, 10, 12 for the production of medicaments and to pharmaceutical preparations which contain at least one of the compounds mentioned with the general formula 8, 10, 12 and at least contain a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
• the 7 ⁇ , 17 ⁇ -substituted 11 ⁇ -halogen steroids according to the invention with the general formula 10, 12 are compounds with a strong androgenic effect without the side effects mentioned, for example stimulation of the prostate (in particular no benign prostatic hyperplasia).
• the compounds are easily synthesized. It has been shown that the compounds according to the invention having the general formula 10 or 12 can not only be used for male HRT, but that these compounds are also suitable as effective male contraceptives without the additional administration of further active ingredients if a sufficient dosage is used to to lower the blood levels of LH, testosterone produced in the body and FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) sufficiently. This is because the 11 ⁇ -halogen steroids according to the invention inhibit the release of LH and FSH.
• LH stimulates the Leydig cells so that testosterone is secreted. If the blood level of LH is kept low, the body's own testosterone release also drops. Testosterone is needed for spermatogenesis, while FSH stimulates the germ cells. Sufficiently high FSH and LH blood levels are therefore required for effective spermatogenesis, with a sufficiently high LH blood level leading to the testosterone release required for spermatogenesis. Since treatment exclusively with the 7 ⁇ , 17 ⁇ -substituted 11ß-halogen steroids without additional active ingredients for sterilization can already lead to effective male contraception, the administration of a suitable drug can be considerably simplified and the cost of use can be significantly reduced.
• the 7 ⁇ , 17 ⁇ -substituted 11 ⁇ -halogen steroids according to the invention can also be used in combination with a gestagen in order to control male fertility.
• the 7 ⁇ , 17 ⁇ -substituted 11 ⁇ -halogen steroids according to the invention effectively inhibit 5 ⁇ -reductase and the steroid 11-hydroxylase [CYP11B (P450c11), G.Zhang, WLMiller, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vol. 81, Pages 3254-3256 (1996)], so that, for example, the stimulation of the prostate is selectively avoided and these compounds have improved pharmacokinetics.
• the inhibition of 11-hydroxylase leads to a reduced deactivation of the androgenic compounds and to their reduced excretion from the human body. This improves the effectiveness and duration of action of these compounds compared to known compounds, especially after oral administration.
• these compounds are particularly suitable for use in male fertility control and for androgen replacement therapy with a reduced tendency to 5 ⁇ -reduction while at the same time maintaining the ability to aromatize to estrogenic steroids and having a favorable influence on serum lipids and the central nervous system.
• the androgenic action and the finding that the side effects mentioned do not occur were determined using a seminal vesicle test for the compounds according to the invention having the general formulas 10 and 12.
• the effectiveness of the compounds of general formula 8 according to the invention was checked for estrogenic activity using a uterine growth test.
• the 7 ⁇ , 17 ⁇ -substituted 11 ⁇ -halogen steroids according to the invention having the general formula 10 or 12 or the pharmaceutical preparations according to the invention which contain these compounds are outstandingly suitable for the treatment of non-sterile male persons and, in principle, also of male mammals.
• An application for male contraception leads to the fact that the male persons become sterile only temporarily.
• the original state is reached again, so that the male person is no longer sterile and the spermatogenesis takes place again in the original scope.
• the active ingredient or the preparation In order to constantly achieve the state of temporary sterility over a desired period of time, the active ingredient or the preparation must be administered continuously, the administration being repeated periodically, depending on the form of use, daily, at a shorter or a greater time interval.
• the non-sterile state of the male person may not be restored immediately but only slowly, the time period required for this being dependent on various factors, for example on the dosage, the body constitution of the person and the parallel administration of other medicines.
• the dosage of the 7 ⁇ , 17 ⁇ -substituted 11 ⁇ -halogen steroids must be set so high that the blood levels of LH and FSH each are at most 2.5 IU / ml (IU: international units ), in particular at most 1.0 IU / ml, and of testosterone at most 10 nmol / l, in particular at most 3 nmol / l.
• the dosage is set lower. In this case, effective levels are sought which enable blood levels for LH and FSH of more than 2.5 IU / ml each and for testosterone of more than 10 nmol / l.
• the dosages of the 7 ⁇ , 17 ⁇ -substituted 11 ⁇ -halogen steroids according to the invention with the general formula 10 or 12 required for adjusting the blood level of LH, FSH and testosterone depend on a large number of factors and therefore have to be determined in an application-specific manner. First of all, the dosage of course depends on the type of therapy.
• the dosage also depends on the type of 7 ⁇ , 17 ⁇ -substituted 11ß-halogen steroid and its bioavailability. Furthermore, the type of application 10 is essential for the amount to be applied. Finally, the dosage also depends on the physical constitution of the person using it and on other factors, for example the fact whether other medicines are being given in parallel.
• the compounds can be administered orally and parenterally, for example i.p. (intraperitoneal), i.v. (intravenously), Im. (intramuscularly) or percutaneously.
• the connections can also be implanted into the tissue.
• the amount of the compounds to be administered can vary within a wide range insofar as an effective amount is applied. In dependence of
• the amount of the compound administered can vary within a wide range.
• the daily dose is in the range of 0.1 to 100 mg.
• the preferred daily dosage in humans is 0.1 to 10 mg.
• the duration of use depends on the purpose to be achieved.
• capsules, pills, tablets, coated tablets and liquids or other known oral dosage forms are used as pharmaceutical table preparations used.
• the medicaments can be formulated in such a way that they either release the active substances in a short time and release them to the body or have a depot effect, so that a longer-lasting, slow supply of active substance to the body is achieved.
• the metering units can contain one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, for example substances for adjusting the rheology of the medicament, surface-active substances, solubilizers, microcapsules, microparticles, granules, thinners, binders, such as starch , Sugar, sorbitol and gelatin, also fillers such as silica and talc, lubricants, dyes, fragrances and other substances.
• pharmaceutically acceptable carriers for example substances for adjusting the rheology of the medicament, surface-active substances, solubilizers, microcapsules, microparticles, granules, thinners, binders, such as starch , Sugar, sorbitol and gelatin, also fillers such as silica and talc, lubricants, dyes, fragrances and other substances.
• the 7 ⁇ , 17 ⁇ -substituted 11 ⁇ -halogen steroids according to the invention can in particular also be formulated in the form of a solution which is intended for oral administration and which in addition to the active 11 ⁇ -halogen steroid as the following constituents is a pharmaceutically acceptable oil and / or a pharmaceutically acceptable one contains lipophilic, surface-active substance and / or a pharmaceutically acceptable hydrophilic, surface-active substance and / or a pharmaceutically acceptable water-miscible solvent.
• WO-A-97/21440 for this purpose, reference is also made to WO-A-97/21440.
• the compounds can also be formulated as cyclodextrin chlate.
• the compounds are reacted with ⁇ -, ⁇ - or ⁇ -cyclodextrin or their derivatives.
• these dosage forms contain adjuvants, for example substances for adjusting the rheology of the pharmaceuticals, surface-active agents, preservatives, solubilizers, thinners, substances for increasing the permeability for the steroids according to the invention through the skin, dyes, fragrances and skin protection agents, such as conditioners and moisture regulators - Ren.
• adjuvants for example substances for adjusting the rheology of the pharmaceuticals, surface-active agents, preservatives, solubilizers, thinners, substances for increasing the permeability for the steroids according to the invention through the skin, dyes, fragrances and skin protection agents, such as conditioners and moisture regulators - Ren.
• other active substances can also be contained in the medicament.
• the active ingredients can be dissolved or suspended in a physiologically acceptable diluent.
• Oils with or without the addition of a solubilizer, a surface-active agent, a suspending or emulsifying agent are very often used as diluents. Examples of oils used are olive oil, peanut oil, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, castor oil and sesame oil.
• Any liquid carrier in which the compounds according to the invention are dissolved or emulsified can be used to formulate an injectable preparation. These liquids often also contain substances for regulating the viscosity, surface-active substances, preservatives, solubilizers, thinners and other additives with which the solution is adjusted isotonic.
• Other active substances can also be administered together with the 7 ⁇ , 17 ⁇ -substituted 11 ⁇ -halogen steroids.
• the 11 ⁇ -halogen steroids according to the invention can thus be used in the form of a depot injection or an implant preparation, for example subcutaneously, which can be formulated in such a way that a delayed release of the active substance is made possible.
• Known techniques can be used for this purpose, for example depots that dissolve or work with a membrane.
• implants can contain, for example, biodegradable polymers or synthetic silicones, for example silicone rubber.
• the 11 ⁇ -halogen steroids according to the invention can also be incorporated into a plaster for percutaneous administration, for example.
• CBS 15226 strain Gnomonia cingulata
• This preliminary cultivation was used to inoculate a 201 fermenter, which was charged with 19 liters of sterile medium of the same final composition as described for the preliminary culture.
• 1.0 ml of silicone oil and 1.0 ml of Synperonic (oxo alcohol ethoxylate) were added before the sterilization to combat foam.
• a growth phase of 12 h at 0.7 bar overpressure a temperature of 28 ° C, aeration of 20 1 / min and a stirring speed of 250 rpm, a solution of 4.0 g of 17 ⁇ -hydroxy-7 ⁇ -methyltr-4 -en-3-one added in 40 ml DMF. It was stirred and aerated.
• the culture broth was harvested and extracted for 12 hours with 10 liters of methyl isobutyl ketone and for 5 hours with 5 liters of methyl isobutyl ketone.
• the combined organic phases were evaporated to dryness.
• the silicone oil was washed out with hexane. After chromatography on silica gel with a gradient of hexane and ethyl acetate was used to isolate 1.64 g (39%) 11 ⁇ -hydroxy-7 ⁇ -methyltr-4-en-3,17-dione.
• This preliminary cultivation was inoculated with a 201 fermenter, which was charged with 19 liters of sterile medium of the same final composition as described for the preliminary culture.
• 1.0 ml of silicone oil and 1.0 ml of Synperonic were added before the sterilization to combat foam.
• a growth phase of 12 h at 0.7 bar overpressure a temperature of 28 ° C, aeration of 10 1 / min and a stirring speed of 350 rpm
• a solution of 2.0 g of 17 ⁇ -hydroxy-7 ⁇ -methyltr-4 -en-3-one added in 30 ml DMF. It was stirred and aerated.
• a 2 1 Erlenmeyer flask containing 500 ml of a nutrient solution sterilized for 30 min at 121 ° C in an autoclave from 0.5% by weight glucose, 0.5% by weight bacto yeast extract, 0.1% by weight. % Peptone and 0.2% by weight corn steep liquor (pH 7.5) was inoculated with four cryoballs of a culture of the strain Bacillus sphaericus (ATCC 7055) and for 24 hours at 28 ° C. on a rotary shaker at 165 rpm shaken.
• Four 2 1 Ertenmeyer flasks containing 500 ml of sterile medium of the same composition as described for the preculture were inoculated with this preliminary culture, each with 10% of this culture broth.
• CBS 13252 the strain Aspergillus ochraceus
• This pre-cultivation was inoculated with a 10 1 fermenter which was charged with 9.5 1 sterile medium of the same final composition as described for the preculture.
• 0.5 ml of silicone oil and 0.5 ml of Synperonic were added to combat foam before sterilization. After a growth phase of 6 h at 0.7 bar overpressure, a temperature of 28 ° C, aeration of 5 1 / min and a stirring speed of 350 rpm, a solution of 1.0 g of 7 ⁇ -methyltr-4-en-3 , 17-dione in 15 ml DMF added. It was stirred and aerated.

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