EP1448023B1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Patronenheizkörpers und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Glühkerze - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Patronenheizkörpers und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Glühkerze Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1448023B1
EP1448023B1 EP20040250764 EP04250764A EP1448023B1 EP 1448023 B1 EP1448023 B1 EP 1448023B1 EP 20040250764 EP20040250764 EP 20040250764 EP 04250764 A EP04250764 A EP 04250764A EP 1448023 B1 EP1448023 B1 EP 1448023B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coil
metallic sheath
sheathed heater
manufacturing
confined
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20040250764
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1448023A1 (de
Inventor
Shunsuke c/o NGK Spark Plug Co. Ltd. Gotoh
Chiaki c/o NGK Spark Plug Co. LTD Kumada
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Niterra Co Ltd
Original Assignee
NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd filed Critical NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd
Publication of EP1448023A1 publication Critical patent/EP1448023A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1448023B1 publication Critical patent/EP1448023B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/141—Conductive ceramics, e.g. metal oxides, metal carbides, barium titanate, ferrites, zirconia, vitrous compounds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • F23Q2007/004—Manufacturing or assembling methods
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/027—Heaters specially adapted for glow plug igniters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a sheathed heater in which an insulating powder and a coil are confined in a metallic sheath and which generates heat through application of electricity to the coil, as well as to a method for manufacturing a glow plug including the sheathed heater.
  • a sheathed heater and a glow plug including the sheathed heater will be described with reference to FIG. 4.
  • a glow plug 1 is composed substantially of a tubular metallic shell 2 and a sheathed heater 3, which axially extends through the metallic shell 2.
  • the sheathed heater 3 includes a metallic sheath 3a, which has a substantially hemispherical closed distal end and an opened rear end.
  • a coil 3b and a distal end portion of a round-bar-type center electrode 3c are placed in the metallic sheath 3a.
  • the metallic sheath 3a is filled with an insulating powder 3d (e.g., a magnesia powder), and a rubber insulating packing 3e is interposed between the center electrode 3c and the inner surface of an opening portion of the metallic sheath 3a to thereby seal the opening.
  • an insulating powder 3d e.g., a magnesia powder
  • the center electrode 3c is disposed such that its distal end is located in a longitudinally intermediate portion of the interior of the metallic sheath 3a and electrically connected to one end of the coil 3b, whereas its rear end portion extends along the axis of the metallic shell 2 and projects outward from the metallic shell 2.
  • the coil 3b is electrically connected to the inner surface of the closed distal end of the metallic sheath 3a. Accordingly, the center electrode 3c and the metallic sheath 3a are electrically connected together via the coil 3b.
  • the sheathed heater 3 is manufactured by the steps of: placing the coil 3b in the metallic sheath 3a; inserting the center electrode 3c into the metallic sheath 3a; charging the insulating powder 3d into the metallic sheath 3a; and then swaging the metallic sheath 3a to reduce the diameter of the metallic sheath 3a to the required diameter (see, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open (kokai) No. 6-109248).
  • An anomalous deformation of the coil 3b has relevance to a swaging rate (diameter reduction rate). Specifically, even at a swaging rate less than 1/1.2, which does not raise any problem in terms of durability, the coil 3b is anomalously deformed to a slight extent; and the degree of anomalous deformation increases with the swaging rate.
  • the present invention has been accomplished in view of the foregoing, and an object of the invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a sheathed heater in which anomalous deformation of a coil caused by swaging of a metallic sheath can be prevented or alleviated, as well as a method for manufacturing a glow plug including the sheathed heater.
  • a method for manufacturing a sheathed heater in which, after an insulating powder and a coil are confined in a metallic sheath, the metallic sheath is swaged to a reduced diameter, characterized in that, before the metallic sheath is swaged, the coil is annealed through application of heat to the coil.
  • the coil Since annealing softens the coil, while following a reduction in the diameter of the metallic sheath effected by swaging, the coil reduces its diameter without involvement of deformation, such as crinkling, bending, or corrugation.
  • the deformation of a coil, if any, is of such a very low level as not to raise any problem in practical use.
  • the present invention which can prevent or alleviate such coil deformation, can be evaluated as excellent in terms of effectively lengthening sheathed heater life to the greatest possible extent. Therefore, the present invention is effective for lengthening sheathed heater life to the greatest possible extent regardless of the swaging rate.
  • the present invention exhibits particularly high usefulness at a swaging rate of 1/1.2 or higher.
  • the above-described annealing is performed by heating the coil through application of electricity to the coil.
  • the coil itself of the sheathed heater can be used as a heat-generating element, the coil can be quickly heated to a high temperature without involvement of any waste.
  • the confined coil is annealed through application of heat, after the insulating powder and the coil are confined in the metallic sheath. Since the coil that is confined with the insulating powder in the metallic sheath is annealed, the annealing work does not need to consider oxidation of the coil during heating; and, in contrast to the case of annealing bare coils, the coils do not become entangled and are thus easy to handle, thereby facilitating work.
  • the coil can be heated to a high temperature far more quickly without involvement of any waste, and a required portion can be heated in a pinpoint manner without exerting adverse thermal effect on other components, such as the metallic sheath and a rubber packing.
  • the coil may be formed of an alloy that contains Co.
  • the coil is not oxidized during heating. Therefore, even when the coil is formed of a Co-containing alloy, which is likely to oxidize in a high-temperature atmosphere, the annealing of the coil can be performed without the oxidation problem.
  • a method for manufacturing a glow plug comprising a sheathed heater in which an insulating powder and a coil are confined in a metallic sheath, characterized in that the sheathed heater is manufactured by a method according to any one of the above-described methods of the invention.
  • a sheathed heater 3 includes a metallic sheath 3a, which has a substantially hemispherical closed distal end and an opened rear end.
  • a coil 3b and a distal end portion of a round-bar-type center electrode 3c are placed in the metallic sheath 3a.
  • the metallic sheath 3a is filled with an insulating powder 3d (e.g., a magnesia powder), and a rubber insulating packing 3e is interposed between the center electrode 3c and the inner surface of an opening portion of the metallic sheath 3a to thereby seal the opening.
  • an insulating powder 3d e.g., a magnesia powder
  • the center electrode 3c is disposed such that its distal end is located in a longitudinally intermediate portion of the interior of the metallic sheath 3a and electrically connected to one end of the coil 3b.
  • the other end of the coil 3b is electrically connected to the inner surface of the closed distal end of the metallic sheath 3a. Accordingly, the center electrode 3c and the metallic sheath 3a are electrically connected together via the coil 3b.
  • the coil 3b is formed of a metal; e.g., pure Fe, an Fe-Cr-Al alloy, or a Co-containing alloy, such as Co-Fe-Ni or Co-Ni.
  • FIG. 1 shows the sheathed heater 3 at an intermediate stage of manufacture.
  • the metallic sheath 3a is swaged to reduce its diameter to a required value.
  • the coil 3b is annealed, and then swaging is performed.
  • the coil 3b may be heated to about 2/3 the melting point of a metal used to form the coil 3b and then slow-cooled.
  • the coil 3b is heated to about 900°C and then slow-cooled.
  • the coil 3b is heated either by externally heating a distal end portion of the metallic sheath 3a by use of a burner or the like or by causing the coil 3b itself to generate heat through application of electricity to the coil 3b.
  • FIG. 1 shows a method of causing the coil 3b to generate heat through application of electricity to the coil 3b; specifically, an electric cable 4 is connected to the center electrode 3c and the metallic sheath 3a at respective end portions to thereby apply electricity to the coil 3b.
  • Conditions of electricity application to the coil 3b can be uniquely determined from the specifications of the coil 3b and an annealing temperature. For example, in the case of the sheathed heater 3 for use in glow plugs for diesel engines, a direct current of 11 V is applied for 30 seconds, whereby the coil 3b can be heated to a required annealing temperature of about 900°C.
  • the metallic sheath 3a is swaged to a reduced diameter. While following a reduction in the diameter of the metallic sheath 3a, the coil 3b undergoes a reduction in diameter without involvement of deformation, such as crinkling, bending, or corrugation. Therefore, the coil 3b is free of a deformed portion, such as a distorted portion, where thermal stress concentrates, and is thus free of breaking which could otherwise result from such thermal stress.
  • the sheathed heater 3 can be manufactured to have excellent durability and high quality.
  • a glow plug 1 shown in FIG. 4 is manufactured as follows.
  • the metallic sheath 3a of the sheathed heater 3 is press-fitted into a metallic shell 2.
  • an insulating ring 3f and a round nut 3g are attached to the center electrode 3c of the sheathed heater 3.
  • the round nut 3g is tightened.
  • samples of the sheathed heater 3 were divided into the following three groups: No. 1 to No. 3, No. 4 to No. 6, and No. 7 to No. 9. In each of these groups, the same material was used for the coil 3b, and the metallic sheath 3a had the same outside diameter.
  • Samples Nos. 1, 4, and 7 were manufactured by a conventional method in which the metallic sheath 3a was swaged without annealing the coil 3b; samples Nos. 2, 5, and 8 were manufactured by a method of the present invention in which the metallic sheath 3a was heated for 1 minute by use of a burner so as to assume a temperature of about 900°C for annealing the internal coil 3b, and was then swaged; and samples Nos.
  • samples Nos. 2, 5, and 8 which were manufactured by the method of the present invention in which the coil 3b was annealed by use of a burner, involved a slight deformation of the coil 3b; however, the deformation was relatively minor. Also, the samples attained the required durability of 5,000 cycles or more in the durability test.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the confined coil is heated to be annealed.
  • the coil may be annealed and then confined in the metallic sheath, followed by swaging.
  • the coil is preferably annealed in an atmosphere of an inert gas, such as argon or nitrogen, or in a vacuum.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines ummantelten Heizelements (3) in dem, nachdem ein Isolationspulver (3d) und eine Spule (3b) von einer metallischen Ummantelung (3a) umschlossen wurden, die metallische Ummantelung (3a) auf einen reduzierten Durchmesser tiefgezogen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bevor die metallische Ummantelung (3a) tiefgezogen wird, die Spule (3b) durch Anwenden von Wärme auf die Spule (3b) weichgeglüht wird.
  2. Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines ummantelten Heizelements (3) nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Weichglühen erfolgt, indem die Spule (3b) durch Anwendung von Elektrizität auf die Spule (3b) erwärmt wird.
  3. Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines ummantelten Heizelements (3) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei, nachdem das Isolationspulver (3d) und die Spule (3b) von der metallischen Ummantelung (3a) umschlossen wurden, die umschlossene Spule (3b) durch Anwenden von Wärme auf die Spule (3b) weichgeglüht wird.
  4. Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines ummantelten Heizelements (3) nach Anspruch 3, wobei die Spule aus eine Legierung gebildet wird, welche Kobalt (Co) enthält.
  5. Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Glühkerze (1), umfassend ein ummanteltes Heizelement (3), in dem ein Isolationspulver (3d) und eine Spule (3b) von einer metallischen Ummantelung (3a) umschlossen werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das ummantelte Heizelement (3) mittels eines Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 hergestellt wird.
EP20040250764 2003-02-13 2004-02-12 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Patronenheizkörpers und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Glühkerze Expired - Lifetime EP1448023B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2003035559 2003-02-13
JP2003035559 2003-10-15
JP2003430523 2003-12-25
JP2003430523A JP4233998B2 (ja) 2003-02-13 2003-12-25 シーズヒータの製造方法及びグロープラグの製造方法

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1448023A1 EP1448023A1 (de) 2004-08-18
EP1448023B1 true EP1448023B1 (de) 2005-06-29

Family

ID=32684290

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20040250764 Expired - Lifetime EP1448023B1 (de) 2003-02-13 2004-02-12 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Patronenheizkörpers und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Glühkerze

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1448023B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4233998B2 (de)
DE (1) DE602004000022T2 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108235472A (zh) * 2018-02-10 2018-06-29 上海欧展电器有限公司 一种铠装加热管及其制作工艺

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5296489B2 (ja) * 2008-10-17 2013-09-25 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ及びそのグロープラグの製造方法
JO3139B1 (ar) * 2011-10-07 2017-09-20 Shell Int Research تشكيل موصلات معزولة باستخدام خطوة اختزال أخيرة بعد المعالجة الحرارية.
JP6181962B2 (ja) * 2013-04-16 2017-08-16 日本特殊陶業株式会社 燃焼圧センサ付きグロープラグの製造方法
JP6393124B2 (ja) 2013-11-15 2018-09-19 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ
EP3012530B1 (de) 2014-10-21 2019-07-17 NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Glühkerze und verfahren zur deren herstellung
JP2019032151A (ja) * 2017-08-09 2019-02-28 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ
CN108798965B (zh) * 2018-06-12 2021-02-02 中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司 一种矿用防爆柴油机低温辅助启动装置

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1993410A (en) * 1932-06-02 1935-03-05 Cutler Hammer Inc Electric heater and method of making the same
US3252122A (en) * 1962-09-28 1966-05-17 Gen Electric Sheathed electric heating unit
DE3318459A1 (de) * 1983-05-20 1984-11-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Einrichtung zum einspritzen von kraftstoff in brennraeume
IT1294562B1 (it) * 1997-02-07 1999-04-12 I R C A Spa Ind Resistenze Cor Procedimento di realizzazione di resistenze corazzate e resistenza ottenuta con il procedimento.

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108235472A (zh) * 2018-02-10 2018-06-29 上海欧展电器有限公司 一种铠装加热管及其制作工艺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1448023A1 (de) 2004-08-18
JP2004264013A (ja) 2004-09-24
JP4233998B2 (ja) 2009-03-04
DE602004000022T2 (de) 2005-12-08
DE602004000022D1 (de) 2005-08-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1262717B1 (de) Heizung und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
EP1448023B1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Patronenheizkörpers und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Glühkerze
US5767485A (en) Sheathed heater with a series-connected current regulating resistor comprised of cobalt-copper alloy
JP6661229B2 (ja) グロープラグ
JP2005507068A (ja) 電気的に加熱可能なグロープラグおよび該電気的に加熱可能なグロープラグを製作する方法
JP2806195B2 (ja) グロープラグ
JP3737879B2 (ja) グロープラグ
JP2009257666A (ja) グロープラグ及びグロープラグの製造方法
JPH09303137A (ja) 高温被加熱体の電極の構造
JP2000097434A (ja) グロープラグの製造方法
EP1253377B2 (de) Heizung, Glühkerze und Wassererhitzer
EP0887592B1 (de) Monolithische Sonde/Rohr für Glühkerze
JP4200045B2 (ja) グロープラグ
JP3551015B2 (ja) グロープラグ
JPH06267641A (ja) 曲げ加工が施された温度ヒューズ付きシーズヒータ及びその製造方法
CA1095221A (en) Electric heater and method of making
JP3536261B2 (ja) グロープラグ
JP2002013736A (ja) グロープラグ
JP2000130752A (ja) グロープラグ
JP2014169800A (ja) グロープラグおよびその製造方法
JP2004263951A (ja) グロープラグ
JPH0259372B2 (de)
EP3441672B1 (de) Glühkerze
JP6746453B2 (ja) グロープラグ
JP3028409B2 (ja) 自己温度制御型グロープラグ

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL LT LV MK

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20040723

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

AKX Designation fees paid

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050629

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 602004000022

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20050804

Kind code of ref document: P

ET Fr: translation filed
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20060330

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20080212

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20080212

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20150210

Year of fee payment: 12

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20161028

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160229

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20170207

Year of fee payment: 14

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R082

Ref document number: 602004000022

Country of ref document: DE

Representative=s name: KLUNKER IP PATENTANWAELTE PARTG MBB, DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 602004000022

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180901