EP1438274A2 - Production de nitrocellulose anhydre et de matieres explosives sous forme spheroidale - Google Patents

Production de nitrocellulose anhydre et de matieres explosives sous forme spheroidale

Info

Publication number
EP1438274A2
EP1438274A2 EP02782986A EP02782986A EP1438274A2 EP 1438274 A2 EP1438274 A2 EP 1438274A2 EP 02782986 A EP02782986 A EP 02782986A EP 02782986 A EP02782986 A EP 02782986A EP 1438274 A2 EP1438274 A2 EP 1438274A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
explosive
nitrocellulose
water
particles
solvent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02782986A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gerhard Huber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bowas AG fuer Industrieplanung
Original Assignee
Bowas AG fuer Industrieplanung
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bowas AG fuer Industrieplanung filed Critical Bowas AG fuer Industrieplanung
Publication of EP1438274A2 publication Critical patent/EP1438274A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L1/00—Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
    • C08L1/08—Cellulose derivatives
    • C08L1/16—Esters of inorganic acids
    • C08L1/18—Cellulose nitrate, i.e. nitrocellulose
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
    • C06B21/0066—Shaping the mixture by granulation, e.g. flaking
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B25/18—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as 10% or more by weight of the total composition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of shaped nitrocellulose and explosives and fuels according to the preamble of claim 1, a process for the production of an essentially water-free explosive lacquer or an explosive lacquer with a defined water content according to the preamble of claim 8 an explosive paint according to the preamble of claim 10, and a nitrocellulose paint according to the preamble of claim 11.
  • explosive includes explosive and / or explosive, in particular solid, liquid and gelatinous substances and
  • Explosives are used for numerous applications, particularly in the ammunition sector. As a rule, it is for both efficient and effective
  • the explosives have a certain geometry, for example spherical.
  • explosive substances for example as propellant charges
  • a defined structure and a defined geometry thereof are required, the latter being achievable, for example, by the explosives being present in uniform sizes, preferably as spherical or spheroidal particles.
  • Nitrocellulose can be both the explosive described above and a raw material for paint production. Spherical nitrocellulose as a raw material for paint production offers the advantages that it is in this form is also desensitized without moistening agent, is easy to handle and additives may already have been incorporated.
  • a disadvantage of this process is that the spheroidal particles formed have a very wide size distribution. In some cases, the proportion of the size range that can be used for an application is only 1/3 of the total mass;
  • Another method for producing spherical nitrocellulose particles uses an underwater granulator for the formation of the particles.
  • the organic phase is pressed into the aqueous phase through a perforated disk, the strands emerging from the holes in the perforated disk being broken up into particles by a rotating knife on the outlet side. Classification of the spheres formed is also necessary in this method.
  • Further disadvantages of this process are that the organic phase for use in the underwater pelletizer has to have such a high consistency that the cylindrical particles which are formed no longer round in the normal stirring process. They must therefore be conveyed through long pipelines with a small cross-section, the rounding taking place through intensive contact with the pipe wall.
  • High throughput rates of the device require high rotational speeds of the knife. With the speed of the rotating knife, the hydraulic shear forces increase, which very quickly leads to a reduction in quality due to another cause uncontrolled comminution of the particles. The speed of the cutting knife, which is very limited as a result, considerably limits the performance of the device.
  • the particles are hardened by removing the solvent.
  • the particles produced by both processes still contain undefined quantities of dispersed water, which causes an undefined porosity in the finished grain.
  • this is a decisive quality feature of the product, since the porosity has a decisive influence on the burn-up of the product.
  • the object of the invention is accordingly to provide a method and a substance for the production of shaped explosives, by means of which the aforementioned disadvantages, in particular porosity, water and salt content, inconsistent grain size and the environmentally relevant aspects are avoided.
  • This object is achieved in each case by a method according to patent claims 1 and 8, by using an explosive lacquer according to patent claim 10 and by a nitrocellulose / explosive lacquer according to patent claim 11.
  • propellant charge powder such as spheroidal propellant charge powder, made from an explosive, in particular desensitized with water, has the following steps:
  • An essential point of the invention is that by removing the desensitizing substance, in particular water, from the mixture, it is possible to form the explosive particles without having to fear inclusion of a desensitizing substance.
  • the desensitizing substance in particular water
  • azeotropic distillation This allows the water to be removed from the explosive both efficiently and effectively and safely, particularly with the aid of pervaporation / vapor permeation.
  • the solvent is returned to the explosive during and / or after the distillation.
  • Suitable auxiliaries are, for example, surface-active substances, wetting agents or release agents.
  • the desensitizing substance is a solid, a salt or another substance which is difficult to distill, it is provided according to the invention that it is extracted with suitable solvents.
  • Solid phase extraction or precipitation for example, is also possible according to the invention, provided that this is compatible with the type of explosive, in particular its density and solubility. Sublimation is also possible, provided that this can be done safely.
  • the shaping of nitrocellulose and / or explosive particles is carried out or initiated by means of jet cutting, one jet, preferably a full jet, of an explosive-solvent mixture or one
  • Explosive-solvent solution in particular an explosive lacquer, is divided by means of a separating device into jet sections with a defined and / or adjustable length, which fall into a, preferably moving, fluid in which the explosive-solvent mixture, in particular lacquer, is poor and / or essentially insoluble.
  • This process is excellently suited for the production of spheroidal particles with approximately the same grain size for processing explosive-solvent mixtures.
  • the organic phase of the fluid to be processed, from which the particles are to be produced is pressed out of a nozzle at high speed in the form of a full jet.
  • a rotating cutting tool which consists of short, preferably held in a socket outwardly facing wires, which divides the fluid jet into cylindrical segments.
  • spherical particles form from these segments due to the surface tension of the fluid, and these particles are collected in a solvent, in particular in water.
  • the size of the particles produced is dependent on the nozzle diameter
  • One of the main advantages of the invention is that it is ensured by means of jet cutting that only particles with a desired size that can be adjusted by means of the aforementioned parameters can be produced, and also that the explosive particles produced essentially only contain explosive and solvent, however contain no or a precisely defined amount of a desensitizing substance.
  • the advantages of the jet cutting process are first discussed:
  • the cutting device runs in the air. This means that very high cutting frequencies and high throughputs are possible.
  • the cutting tool In contrast to the underwater pelletizer, the cutting tool has no contact with the outlet opening.
  • explosive particles with a defined porosity can be produced, the degree of porosity being set, for example, by the introduction of suitable substances, in particular water, into the explosive lacquer.
  • suitable substances in particular water
  • substances are preferably used which diffuse out of the explosive particle or can be detached and thus leave a cavity in the explosive particle.
  • salts or similarly inert substances which remain in solid form in the explosive particle.
  • water-containing nitrocellulose is used as the desensitizing explosive and ethyl acetate is used as the solvent.
  • This explosive-solvent system is ideal for the production of spherical, water and salt-free nitrocellulose particles, which are particularly suitable for the production of spheroidal propellant powder.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by a method for producing an essentially water-free explosive lacquer or an explosive lacquer with a defined water content, in particular nitrocellulose lacquers, from an explosive which has been desensitized, in particular with water, the method following the following Steps comprises:
  • the main advantage of this aspect of the invention is that an essentially water-free explosive varnish is suitable for the production of water-free and also salt-free explosive particles, since, according to the method, these consist of a matrix from which the particles are produced before the use of the explosive lacquer. have been removed.
  • the solvent for setting a predefined viscosity is returned to the explosive before and / or after the distillation.
  • auxiliaries such as, in particular, surface-active substances, wetting agents, release agents and agents for adjusting the viscosity can also be used to adjust the viscosity.
  • wetting and / or release agents makes it possible, for example, to optimally match the explosive varnish to the materials with which it comes into contact during the manufacturing process, so that, for example, contamination caused by the explosive sticking to the apparatus and equipment used is minimized is or is completely omitted. Due to the inherent energy content of an explosive, such measures contribute to handling and operational safety in the manufacture of explosives.
  • the object is achieved by using an essentially water-free explosive lacquer, in particular a nitrocellulose lacquer, for producing shaped, in particular spherical or spheroidal, explosive substances.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by a nitrocellulose lacquer which consists of at least nitrocellulose and a solvent, the nitrocellulose lacquer being essentially water-free.
  • the nitrocellulose lacquer has a viscosity which makes it possible, in particular by means of the jet cutting method, to have particles with a predefinable particle size in the range from 0.1 mm to 10 mm, preferably in the range from 0.2 mm to 2 mm and particularly preferably to form in the range of 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm.
  • the nitrocellulose lacquer preferably has auxiliaries, in particular surface-active substances, wetting agents or release agents, and agents for adjusting the viscosity.
  • the nitrocellulose lacquer is essentially salt-free.
  • nitrocellulose ceilulose nitrate with an N content of approx. 12.5%
  • 700 grams of nitrocellulose contains approx. 300 grams of water, is in one liter
  • the mixture is distilled azeotropically, the distilled azeotrope being dewatered and the ethyl acetate being continuously returned to the distillation.
  • the water After the water has been completely removed from the nitrocellulose-ethyl acetate solution, it is subjected to a jet cutting process using cutting wires with a thickness of 0.05 mm
  • nitrocellulose cellulose nitrate with an N content of approx. 13.2%
  • nitrocellulose cellulose nitrate with an N content of approx. 13.2%
  • the mixture is distilled azeotropically, the distilled azeotrope being dewatered and the ethyl acetate being continuously returned to the distillation.
  • 100 g of metriol trinitrate dissolved in 200 g of ethyl acetate are added to the mixture.
  • the resulting explosive varnish is then fed to the jet cutting process as described above and processed further.
  • nitrocellulose cellulose nitrate with an N content of approx. 12.2%
  • 700 grams of nitrocellulose contains approx. 300 grams of water in one liter
  • the mixture is distilled azeotropically, the distilled azeotrope being dewatered and the ethyl acetate being continuously returned to the distillation.
  • 20 g of dibutyl phthalate dissolved in 200 g of ethyl acetate are added to the mixture.
  • the resulting nitrocellulose varnish is then fed to the jet cutting process and further processed as previously described.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé pour produire des matières explosives façonnées, notamment un substrat de charge propulsive, tel qu'une poudre de charge propulsive sphéroïdale de matière explosive stabilisée. Ce procédé consiste d'abord à dissoudre ladite matière explosive stabilisée dans un solvant, à retirer la matière stabilisante du mélange, puis à façonner des particules à partir du mélange résultant. La présente invention concerne également un procédé pour produire un vernis à base de matière explosive sensiblement anhydre.
EP02782986A 2001-10-24 2002-10-23 Production de nitrocellulose anhydre et de matieres explosives sous forme spheroidale Withdrawn EP1438274A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10152396 2001-10-24
DE10152396A DE10152396A1 (de) 2001-10-24 2001-10-24 Herstellung wasserfreier Nitrocellulose und Eyplosivstoffe in sphäroider Form
PCT/EP2002/011850 WO2003035581A2 (fr) 2001-10-24 2002-10-23 Production de nitrocellulose anhydre et de matieres explosives sous forme spheroidale

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1438274A2 true EP1438274A2 (fr) 2004-07-21

Family

ID=7703523

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02782986A Withdrawn EP1438274A2 (fr) 2001-10-24 2002-10-23 Production de nitrocellulose anhydre et de matieres explosives sous forme spheroidale

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20050000610A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1438274A2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20040060942A (fr)
CN (1) CN1703385A (fr)
AU (1) AU2002346869A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10152396A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003035581A2 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA200402643B (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2292075T5 (es) 2005-01-19 2010-12-17 Otto Fuchs Kg Aleacion de aluminio no sensible al enfriamiento brusco, asi como procedimiento para fabricar un producto semiacabado a partir de esta aleacion.
CN103553853B (zh) * 2013-11-01 2016-04-20 南京理工大学 水溶性氧化剂在含能复合材料中的原位超细化分散方法

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE701493C (de) * 1936-01-07 1941-01-18 Western Cartridge Company Rauchloses Pulver und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
GB746705A (en) * 1952-01-24 1956-03-21 Olin Mathieson Improvements in or relating to the production of spherical grained propellent powders
GB792848A (en) * 1954-10-04 1958-04-02 Olin Mathieson Improvements in or relating to process and apparatus for the manufacture of propellent powder
US2982643A (en) * 1958-07-23 1961-05-02 Olin Mathieson Nitrocellulose
BE652163A (fr) * 1963-08-27 1900-01-01
DE1203652B (de) * 1964-02-18 1965-10-21 Wolff & Co Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung gelatinierter Nitrocellulose
US3702353A (en) * 1970-09-24 1972-11-07 Us Navy Continuous process for manufacturing small particle nitrocellulose
US3723207A (en) * 1970-10-23 1973-03-27 Us Navy Process for preparing stable essentially water-free slurries of nitrocellulose and products thereof
US4031172A (en) * 1975-01-27 1977-06-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Process for preparing nitrocellulose for use in small arms
GB2067568B (en) * 1979-12-28 1984-05-31 Asahi Chemical Ind Nitrocellulose composition and process for production thereof
JPS5790001A (en) * 1980-11-22 1982-06-04 Daicel Chem Ind Ltd Production of anhydrous nitrocellulose dope
DE3139840A1 (de) * 1981-10-07 1983-04-21 Wolff Walsrode Ag, 3030 Walsrode Zaehfluessiges cellulosehaltiges gemisch (paste) und verfahren zur herstellung von waessriger ueberzugsemulsion aus diesem
DE3639431A1 (de) * 1986-11-18 1988-05-26 Basf Lacke & Farben Waessriges ueberzugsmittel auf der basis von nitrocellulose, verfahren zu seiner herstellung sowie seine verwendung, insbesondere zur beschichtung von holz, folien und papier
DE19906509C1 (de) * 1999-02-17 2000-11-23 Vorlop Klaus Dieter Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von festen Teilchen aus einem flüssigen Medium
EP1031547B1 (fr) * 1999-02-23 2005-06-29 General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems, Inc. Propergol perforé et son procédé de fabrication
DE19936634A1 (de) * 1999-08-04 2001-02-15 Wolff Walsrode Ag Cellulose-Substanz-enthaltendes Überzugsmittel sowie dessen Verwendung in Lacken
US6136112A (en) * 1999-10-26 2000-10-24 Trw Inc. Smokeless gas generating composition for an inflatable vehicle occupant protection device

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO03035581A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2003035581A2 (fr) 2003-05-01
US20050000610A1 (en) 2005-01-06
WO2003035581A3 (fr) 2003-12-24
ZA200402643B (en) 2005-01-26
DE10152396A1 (de) 2003-05-15
KR20040060942A (ko) 2004-07-06
AU2002346869A1 (en) 2003-05-06
CN1703385A (zh) 2005-11-30

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