EP1163979B1 - Pneumatische Präzisions-Zange - Google Patents

Pneumatische Präzisions-Zange Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1163979B1
EP1163979B1 EP00112559A EP00112559A EP1163979B1 EP 1163979 B1 EP1163979 B1 EP 1163979B1 EP 00112559 A EP00112559 A EP 00112559A EP 00112559 A EP00112559 A EP 00112559A EP 1163979 B1 EP1163979 B1 EP 1163979B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
pliers
seal
piston rod
tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00112559A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1163979A1 (de
Inventor
Peter Winterhalter
Ulrich Meier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oetiker Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
Hans Oetiker AG Maschinen und Apparatefabrik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to EP00112559A priority Critical patent/EP1163979B1/de
Application filed by Hans Oetiker AG Maschinen und Apparatefabrik filed Critical Hans Oetiker AG Maschinen und Apparatefabrik
Priority to DE50013754T priority patent/DE50013754D1/de
Priority to ES00112559T priority patent/ES2275461T3/es
Priority to PT00112559T priority patent/PT1163979E/pt
Priority to DK00112559T priority patent/DK1163979T3/da
Priority to AT00112559T priority patent/ATE345196T1/de
Priority to JP2002510237A priority patent/JP4918208B2/ja
Priority to AU5604201A priority patent/AU5604201A/xx
Priority to CA002412234A priority patent/CA2412234C/en
Priority to BRPI0111386-0A priority patent/BR0111386B1/pt
Priority to CZ20024033A priority patent/CZ298243B6/cs
Priority to US10/311,365 priority patent/US7107814B2/en
Priority to AU2001256042A priority patent/AU2001256042B9/en
Priority to PCT/CH2001/000313 priority patent/WO2001096071A1/de
Priority to MXPA02011998A priority patent/MXPA02011998A/es
Priority to CNB018111629A priority patent/CN1264650C/zh
Priority to HU0302673A priority patent/HU227784B1/hu
Priority to KR1020027016987A priority patent/KR100658471B1/ko
Publication of EP1163979A1 publication Critical patent/EP1163979A1/de
Priority to ZA200209014A priority patent/ZA200209014B/xx
Priority to NO20026031A priority patent/NO323267B1/no
Priority to HK03109392A priority patent/HK1057022A1/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1163979B1 publication Critical patent/EP1163979B1/de
Priority to CY20071100129T priority patent/CY1105970T1/el
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B7/00—Pliers; Other hand-held gripping tools with jaws on pivoted limbs; Details applicable generally to pivoted-limb hand tools
    • B25B7/12—Pliers; Other hand-held gripping tools with jaws on pivoted limbs; Details applicable generally to pivoted-limb hand tools involving special transmission means between the handles and the jaws, e.g. toggle levers, gears
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
    • B25B27/14—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for assembling objects other than by press fit or detaching same
    • B25B27/146—Clip clamping hand tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B7/00—Pliers; Other hand-held gripping tools with jaws on pivoted limbs; Details applicable generally to pivoted-limb hand tools
    • B25B7/12—Pliers; Other hand-held gripping tools with jaws on pivoted limbs; Details applicable generally to pivoted-limb hand tools involving special transmission means between the handles and the jaws, e.g. toggle levers, gears
    • B25B7/126—Pliers; Other hand-held gripping tools with jaws on pivoted limbs; Details applicable generally to pivoted-limb hand tools involving special transmission means between the handles and the jaws, e.g. toggle levers, gears with fluid drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/02—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member
    • F15B11/028—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member for controlling the actuating force
    • F15B11/036—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member for controlling the actuating force by means of servomotors having a plurality of working chambers
    • F15B11/0365—Tandem constructions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
    • F15B15/1438—Cylinder to end cap assemblies
    • F15B15/1442—End cap sealings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/40—Flow control
    • F15B2211/405—Flow control characterised by the type of flow control means or valve
    • F15B2211/40515—Flow control characterised by the type of flow control means or valve with variable throttles or orifices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/40—Flow control
    • F15B2211/415—Flow control characterised by the connections of the flow control means in the circuit
    • F15B2211/41527—Flow control characterised by the connections of the flow control means in the circuit being connected to an output member and a directional control valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/40—Flow control
    • F15B2211/455—Control of flow in the feed line, i.e. meter-in control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/705—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor characterised by the type of output members or actuators
    • F15B2211/7051—Linear output members
    • F15B2211/7055—Linear output members having more than two chambers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53709—Overedge assembling means
    • Y10T29/5377—Riveter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53796—Puller or pusher means, contained force multiplying operator
    • Y10T29/5383—Puller or pusher means, contained force multiplying operator having fluid operator

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for pneumatic actuation of a tool according to the preamble of claim 1 and a pneumatic pliers.
  • Pneumatic pliers for pressing and clamping clamping rings, bolts, cable lugs, brackets etc. are known.
  • pneumatic tongs are known in the automotive industry, where these tongs are used for clamping rings in the assembly of hoses, bellows, etc. to nozzles, propshafts, and the like.
  • the principle of increasing the force by a plurality of pistons arranged in series for generating a translational thrust has long been known, from DE 91 11 366 U.
  • the device disclosed in this document corresponds to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the conversion of the translational force, especially in pneumatic Pliers, in an arcuate force happens in the pliers head by means of a feed tool, such as a wedge.
  • the pressing force on the jaws is dependent inter alia on the thrust of the feed tool.
  • the lip seal specified in claim 3 has low static friction and low dynamic friction.
  • the device universally usable for the operation of pneumatic tools.
  • the present invention is not limited to clamping tools, but may be used for other tools operated by pneumatically operated and translationally actuatable feed members.
  • Fig. 1 shows in longitudinal section a pneumatically actuated and driven by pressure pliers 1 for the installation of pipe clamps, hose clamps, clamping rings, etc.
  • a cylinder 3 a plurality of series or in series successively arranged piston 5 are arranged.
  • the advantage of these arranged in series piston is in an increase in force by the translatable force generated is much higher than when using only a single piston.
  • One reason for this lies in the enlargement of the piston area.
  • a connection 8 is provided for connecting the pliers to a pressure medium, such as compressed air, wherein the pressure medium supply by means of a valve lever 7 for the actuation of a valve 9 can be opened or vented.
  • the individual pistons 5 have a passage 10 through the piston rods 6, for the passage of the pressure medium.
  • the front end of the piston rods 6 are radially outwardly directed outlet openings 11 are provided for the escape of compressed air and for the operation of the next plunger tool in the direction of piston 5.
  • centering holes 28 are present in the follower piston, which are sealed by means of an O-ring 25.
  • the pliers head 38 is preferably connected by means of a union nut 43 interchangeable with the cylinder 3.
  • the jaws 36 are protected laterally by means of cover plates 46 against touching (accident protection) or pollution.
  • the piston 5 in the direction of the cylinder tube wall 3, a piston seal 22 and a piston guide belt 23.
  • the piston seal 22 is preferably a so-called lip seal.
  • the use of lip seals results in low static friction and low dynamic friction.
  • the piston guide belt 23 avoids touching the piston on the cylinder tube and thus contributes to the smooth-running property of the pistons and further leads to freedom from maintenance of the pliers tool proposed according to the invention.
  • Another inventive feature is the use of a lip seal 24, by means of which the piston rod 6 is sealed relative to the cylinder cover 13. Furthermore, the piston rod 6 extends into the piston head 12 and has an additional seal 25 in the edge region of the front end, for example a so-called O-tube. This measure leads to constant translational thrust at the same pneumatic pressure.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are, of course, only an example which should serve to better explain the present invention.
  • the invention is by no means limited to a pneumatic pliers, shown in Figs. 1 and 2, but refers to any pneumatically actuated, drivable by pressure tools comprising a pressure cylinder tube with one or more arranged in series, pneumatically operated, non-positive piston Generation of the translational force, as described according to the invention have.
  • Particular emphasis has been placed in FIGS. 1 and 2 on the presentation of the features essential to the invention, and all known from the prior art features, structural parts and the like for devices of the type described are corresponding to the features essential to the invention in x-any kind and Way combined.
  • the inventive device will be discussed, such as electronic control, attaching monitoring sensors, the automated operation of the inventive device, the choice of material for the inventive device, be it steel, aluminum or possibly partially Use of reinforced polymer materials etc.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 may be used by replacing the pliers tool illustrated in FIG. 1 as any other press-operable tool, such as a drilling tool, punching tool, screwing tool, etc.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Hand Tools For Fitting Together And Separating, Or Other Hand Tools (AREA)
  • Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Gripping Jigs, Holding Jigs, And Positioning Jigs (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)
EP00112559A 2000-06-14 2000-06-14 Pneumatische Präzisions-Zange Expired - Lifetime EP1163979B1 (de)

Priority Applications (22)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE50013754T DE50013754D1 (de) 2000-06-14 2000-06-14 Pneumatische Präzisions-Zange
ES00112559T ES2275461T3 (es) 2000-06-14 2000-06-14 Tenazas de precision neumaticos.
PT00112559T PT1163979E (pt) 2000-06-14 2000-06-14 Pinça de precisão pneumática
DK00112559T DK1163979T3 (da) 2000-06-14 2000-06-14 Pneumatisk præcisionstang
AT00112559T ATE345196T1 (de) 2000-06-14 2000-06-14 Pneumatische präzisions-zange
EP00112559A EP1163979B1 (de) 2000-06-14 2000-06-14 Pneumatische Präzisions-Zange
KR1020027016987A KR100658471B1 (ko) 2000-06-14 2001-05-22 공구의 공압식 조작 장치
CA002412234A CA2412234C (en) 2000-06-14 2001-05-22 Pneumatic precision pliers
BRPI0111386-0A BR0111386B1 (pt) 2000-06-14 2001-05-22 dispositivo para a ativação pneumática de uma ferramenta acionável por agente de pressão, bem como torquês pneumático apresentando tal dispositivo.
CZ20024033A CZ298243B6 (cs) 2000-06-14 2001-05-22 Zarízení pro pneumatické ovládání nástroje a pneumatické kleste
US10/311,365 US7107814B2 (en) 2000-06-14 2001-05-22 Pneumatic precision pliers
AU2001256042A AU2001256042B9 (en) 2000-06-14 2001-05-22 Pneumatic precision pliers
JP2002510237A JP4918208B2 (ja) 2000-06-14 2001-05-22 空気圧による精密プライヤ
MXPA02011998A MXPA02011998A (es) 2000-06-14 2001-05-22 Pinza de precision neumatica.
CNB018111629A CN1264650C (zh) 2000-06-14 2001-05-22 用于气动操作工具的装置和具有这种装置的气动夹钳
HU0302673A HU227784B1 (en) 2000-06-14 2001-05-22 Pneumatically operated precision pliers
AU5604201A AU5604201A (en) 2000-06-14 2001-05-22 Pneumatic precision pliers
PCT/CH2001/000313 WO2001096071A1 (de) 2000-06-14 2001-05-22 Pneumatische präzisions-zange
ZA200209014A ZA200209014B (en) 2000-06-14 2002-11-06 Pneumatic precision pliers.
NO20026031A NO323267B1 (no) 2000-06-14 2002-12-16 Pneumatisk presisjonstang
HK03109392A HK1057022A1 (en) 2000-06-14 2003-12-24 A device for pneumatically operating a tool and pneumatic pliers comprising said device
CY20071100129T CY1105970T1 (el) 2000-06-14 2007-01-31 Λαβιδαι ακριβειας λειτουργουσαι δια πεπιεσμενου αερος

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00112559A EP1163979B1 (de) 2000-06-14 2000-06-14 Pneumatische Präzisions-Zange

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1163979A1 EP1163979A1 (de) 2001-12-19
EP1163979B1 true EP1163979B1 (de) 2006-11-15

Family

ID=8168968

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00112559A Expired - Lifetime EP1163979B1 (de) 2000-06-14 2000-06-14 Pneumatische Präzisions-Zange

Country Status (21)

Country Link
US (1) US7107814B2 (pt)
EP (1) EP1163979B1 (pt)
JP (1) JP4918208B2 (pt)
KR (1) KR100658471B1 (pt)
CN (1) CN1264650C (pt)
AT (1) ATE345196T1 (pt)
AU (2) AU5604201A (pt)
BR (1) BR0111386B1 (pt)
CA (1) CA2412234C (pt)
CY (1) CY1105970T1 (pt)
CZ (1) CZ298243B6 (pt)
DE (1) DE50013754D1 (pt)
DK (1) DK1163979T3 (pt)
ES (1) ES2275461T3 (pt)
HK (1) HK1057022A1 (pt)
HU (1) HU227784B1 (pt)
MX (1) MXPA02011998A (pt)
NO (1) NO323267B1 (pt)
PT (1) PT1163979E (pt)
WO (1) WO2001096071A1 (pt)
ZA (1) ZA200209014B (pt)

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CN104015135B (zh) * 2013-07-15 2016-04-20 乐清市东博机电有限公司 压力夹具的钳头夹紧机构及有该钳头夹紧机构的气动卡钳
CN103802352B (zh) * 2014-01-26 2016-02-17 伍剑洪 一种带端部定型结构的制香机
CN104385211A (zh) * 2014-10-31 2015-03-04 长沙金镂机械科技有限公司 板片叠装夹紧钳
CN105345155A (zh) * 2015-11-28 2016-02-24 重庆市首业机械制造有限公司 锥齿轮轴装夹工装夹持臂
CN105345164A (zh) * 2015-11-30 2016-02-24 重庆市首业机械制造有限公司 带有双锥齿轮和复位拉簧的夹紧机构
CN105345167A (zh) * 2015-11-30 2016-02-24 重庆市首业机械制造有限公司 带有气缸和复位拉簧的夹紧机构
CN105328278A (zh) * 2015-11-30 2016-02-17 重庆市首业机械制造有限公司 带双锥齿轮和复位压簧的装夹工装
CN105414677A (zh) * 2015-11-30 2016-03-23 重庆市首业机械制造有限公司 一种带丝杆和复位磁铁的夹紧机构
CN105328280A (zh) * 2015-11-30 2016-02-17 重庆市首业机械制造有限公司 带丝杆和复位压簧的装夹工装
CN105345163A (zh) * 2015-11-30 2016-02-24 重庆市首业机械制造有限公司 一种带蜗轮蜗杆和复位磁铁的夹紧机构
CN105345166A (zh) * 2015-11-30 2016-02-24 重庆市首业机械制造有限公司 一种带双锥齿轮和复位扭簧的装夹工装
CN105382752A (zh) * 2015-12-02 2016-03-09 杭州市萧山区高级技工学校 单耳气动卡箍钳
CN106321892B (zh) * 2016-11-03 2018-11-23 黄翔强 一种气动阀装置及气动钳
DE102021103015B3 (de) 2021-02-09 2022-04-21 Oetiker Schweiz Ag Sicherheitsventil für ein pneumatisch betätigbares Werkzeug
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DE102022117144B4 (de) 2022-07-08 2024-02-29 Oetiker Schweiz Ag Zangenwerkzeug mit asymmetrischem Keil

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US7107814B2 (en) 2006-09-19
WO2001096071A1 (de) 2001-12-20
DK1163979T3 (da) 2007-03-05
CN1264650C (zh) 2006-07-19
NO20026031D0 (no) 2002-12-16
HUP0302673A2 (en) 2003-11-28
DE50013754D1 (de) 2006-12-28
CY1105970T1 (el) 2011-04-06
KR100658471B1 (ko) 2006-12-18
BR0111386A (pt) 2003-05-20
ES2275461T3 (es) 2007-06-16
NO20026031L (no) 2002-12-16
ATE345196T1 (de) 2006-12-15
AU2001256042B2 (en) 2005-08-18
CN1436114A (zh) 2003-08-13
AU2001256042B9 (en) 2006-01-12
HK1057022A1 (en) 2004-03-12
WO2001096071A8 (de) 2003-01-03
KR20030014714A (ko) 2003-02-19
NO323267B1 (no) 2007-02-19
CZ298243B6 (cs) 2007-08-01
CZ20024033A3 (en) 2004-07-14
US20040010899A1 (en) 2004-01-22
EP1163979A1 (de) 2001-12-19
JP4918208B2 (ja) 2012-04-18
HU227784B1 (en) 2012-02-28
JP2004503390A (ja) 2004-02-05
PT1163979E (pt) 2007-01-31
CA2412234A1 (en) 2002-12-11
AU5604201A (en) 2001-12-24
BR0111386B1 (pt) 2010-06-29
MXPA02011998A (es) 2004-02-26
CA2412234C (en) 2009-11-10
ZA200209014B (en) 2003-08-22

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