EP1135322B1 - Grue, notamment grue automotrice - Google Patents

Grue, notamment grue automotrice Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1135322B1
EP1135322B1 EP99963282A EP99963282A EP1135322B1 EP 1135322 B1 EP1135322 B1 EP 1135322B1 EP 99963282 A EP99963282 A EP 99963282A EP 99963282 A EP99963282 A EP 99963282A EP 1135322 B1 EP1135322 B1 EP 1135322B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
counterweight
superstructure
frame part
crane
crane according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99963282A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1135322A1 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Kretschmer
Alfons Weckbecker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Demag Mobile Cranes GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Demag Mobile Cranes GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Demag Mobile Cranes GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Demag Mobile Cranes GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1135322A1 publication Critical patent/EP1135322A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1135322B1 publication Critical patent/EP1135322B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
    • B66C23/74—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples separate from jib
    • B66C23/76—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples separate from jib and movable to take account of variations of load or of variations of length of jib

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a crane, in particular a vehicle crane with a Substructure and a rotatably mounted on this upper carriage according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Cranes with an arrangement of a mast and a superlift counterweight are for high Traglastenmomente designed.
  • the required counterweight torque is generated via the superlift counterweight, which at a certain distance to the Crane is arranged.
  • H. different Load bearing moments at different locations with the least possible effort To be able to control while maintaining the mobility and rotation of the Cranes, various suggestions have been made.
  • a proposal for a mobile crane shows the DE 28 14 540 C2.
  • One is revealed mobile crane with a rotatable superstructure with a load beam and a Counter-jib carrying a superlift counterweight, which at every load of the Cranes are supported on the ground so that the superstructure can turn.
  • Ground support is an air cushion used, the filling according to the Force determined on the counter-jib is changeable.
  • This arrangement requires in addition a compressor including the associated lines, what the Handling not relieved. Also, the distance of the superlift counterweight to the crane will not be changed.
  • the DE-PS 195 03 73 Another embodiment, the DE-PS 195 03 73.
  • this vehicle crane is the superlift counterweight formed in the form of a steerable car, the over Articulated connections is rigidly connected to the superstructure of the vehicle crane.
  • the counterweight carriage When lifting a load, the counterweight carriage is raised and can be pivoted together with the crane.
  • the arrangement of a counterweight car is complex and its installation depending on the conditions of the terrain difficult.
  • the distance between the counterweight car and the vehicle crane is not variable.
  • the height of the lifting of the counterweight car is ever can not be influenced by the size of the load to be lifted. With suddenly falling load The counterweight car would not only open, depending on the lift height, but could even come to tipping.
  • the mast is articulated to a frame arranged in the rear end region of the superstructure and is held in a fixed angular position by connectable to the superstructure rod elements.
  • the top of the mast is connected to the tip of the main boom via a length-adjustable bracing, as well as the top of the mast with a superlift counterweight. It is dispensed with the arrangement of an otherwise usual Oberwagenurgies. By means of a pulley arrangement, the distance of the superlift counterweight to the crane can be changed continuously. The lifting of the superlift counterweight takes place via a winch motor arranged on the superstructure.
  • the lifting distance of the superlift counterweight to the ground can be controlled.
  • a disadvantage of this construction is that the superlift counterweight is not displaced beyond the mast radius out.
  • Another disadvantage is that the mast must be erected from the rear and an angular adjustment of the mast is possible only via a set-up by changing the number of mast positioning rod elements.
  • the weight of the substructure to increase the stability can not be used.
  • a company brochure from Manitowoc Engineering Co. (Complete Line Brochure), 1992 edition a vehicle crane is presented under the brand name X-Spander, which has a continuously displaceable Superlift counterweight.
  • a frame element is articulated at the rear end of the superstructure, which can be supported on the floor at the end arranged liftable feet.
  • the superlift counterweight can be moved continuously to generate the desired counter-torque can.
  • On the superstructure a buck is arranged, the top of which is connected to the head of the main boom via a variable length bracing. The tip of the buck is still connected via a fixed bracing with the end of the frame member.
  • a disadvantage of this construction is that the projection is very large by the arrangement of the fixed frame part and the space required for this on the job site is not always given.
  • the length of the frame element can only be changed by adding or removing segments, which means a set-up each time.
  • the dead weight of the substructure can not be used to increase the stability in this proposed embodiment.
  • a crane which comprises a substructure and a superstructure rotatably mounted thereon.
  • the superstructure is equipped with a hinged main boom and an attached mast, the tip of which is connected on the one hand via a variable length bracing with the head of the main boom and on the other hand via a brace with a counterweight.
  • a separate superstructure weight is not provided.
  • the distance of the counterweight to the superstructure of the crane can be changed continuously in a defined area via a movable in the vertical plane, arranged on the superstructure frame element.
  • EP 0 368 463 A1 discloses a vehicle crane in which the counterweight can be displaced outwards on a telescoping displacement device.
  • the free end of this telescopic sliding device can be supported by means of an extendable support foot on the ground.
  • an extendable support foot By a Seilabdition that is variable by means of a hydraulic cylinder in length, the free end of the displacement device can be raised.
  • the counterweight can be moved by means of a further hydraulic cylinder, which is also used to extend the telescopic displacement device, on the extended displacement device.
  • the object of the invention is a generic crane, in particular vehicle crane To specify with the while maintaining the rotation without retooling in easier Way an adaptation to the desired load moments under the given Site conditions is possible.
  • the advantage of this arrangement is the fact that by the non-positive Connection of the frame element with the superstructure and through it arranged means the weight of the substructure to increase the Stability can be used.
  • the agent once supports and once counteracting.
  • the attached load is not sufficient to the Counterweight to take off.
  • the lifting of the counterweight is but Prerequisite that the crane can turn.
  • the resultant is between clamping force and counterweight negative, as the direction Gravity counterweight force is greater than that generated by the load Anchoring force.
  • the Friction conditions in the deflection points and guying unaccounted for stay.
  • the arranged on the frame part means is now activated in such a way that it by vertical lifting of the frame part an additional force in the direction Tensioning force and against the counterweight force generated so that the Counterweight lifts and thus the crane despite the low load attached becomes rotatable.
  • Medium with attached maximum load ensures the stability of the crane by adding an additional force in the direction of counterweight and against the Tensioning force is generated without the counterweight touches down.
  • the frame element can be parallel to the plane of the upper carriage in the vertical plane movable or alternatively be arranged pivotably at an end region.
  • the pivot axis intersects the axis of rotation of the upper carriage.
  • the Frame member has a connected to the superstructure axially fixed Frame part and at least one parallel to the fixed frame part axially sliding frame part on.
  • the axially displaceable frame part arranged telescopically in the fixed frame part.
  • the movement of the sliding frame part can, for example, a rack or over a spindle done.
  • the arrangement of an axially acting Piston cylinder unit exposed, which is hinged to the fixed frame part.
  • the means for displacing the resultant force has at least one vertical acting piston-cylinder unit.
  • the forces will each one on the right and left of the fixed frame part Piston-cylinder unit arranged hinged on the one hand with the fixed Frame part and hinged on the other hand connected to the superstructure.
  • the fixed frame part extends over the Anlenkstelle the vertically acting piston-cylinder unit addition and this area can be bolted to a supporting structure that supports the counterweight.
  • this area of the fixed frame part a collar-like stiffening and a rolling track for the counterweight receiving structure on.
  • the Additional counterweight is preferably in single, frame having Stackable. Each frame is connectable with at least four wheels, so that every single stack can be moved. This arrangement has the advantage that the additional counterweight can be easily transported to the job site.
  • the support legs can be omitted on the structure for the counterweight, as the Wheels take over this function.
  • Superlift the Counterweight including additional counterweight retracted, even if the attached load is not sufficient to take off. Is after retracting the Counterweight torque lowered accordingly, can with the attached load the Counterweight lifted and solved the additional counterweights from the structure become.
  • the displaceable frame part is continuously displaceable, can at appropriate site conditions the radius adjusted to match become.
  • the minimum radius is given by design.
  • a medium radius is adjustable until the point of the rear stationary torque is reached.
  • the maximum radius gives on the one hand by the maximum displacement of the movable Frame part and on the other by the total ballast receiving Overall design.
  • the tip of the mast is via a length-adjustable bracing by means of a hinged support bracket connected to the counterweight. In this arrangement, both move the Mast as well as the length adjustable bracing between mast and Counterweight on the one hand and mast and main boom on the other hand corresponding for shifting the counterweight.
  • formed crane consists of a substructure, here in the form of a crawler chassis 1 and a rotatably mounted thereon 2nd
  • a main boom 3 is articulated by means of a hinge 4.
  • a mast 5 is articulated by means of a joint 6 in this area.
  • the tip 7 of the mast 5 is connected to the head 8 of the main boom 3 via a length-adjustable bracing 9.
  • the tip 7 of the mast 5 is connected via a length-adjustable bracing 10 with a counterweight 11.
  • a box-like design fixed frame part 12 is arranged on the upper carriage 2, which is pivotally connected via two bearing blocks 13, 13 '( Figure 5a) non-positively connected to the superstructure 2.
  • the pivot axis 25 intersects the axis of rotation 14 of the upper carriage 2.
  • an axially displaceable frame member 15 is arranged in the axially fixed frame member 12 telescopically.
  • the resulting force between the counterweight and clamping force in the superstructure 2 displacing means is arranged.
  • the means consists of two right and left next to the fixed frame member 12 arranged piston-cylinder units 16, 16 '( Figure 5c).
  • the fixed frame part 12 extends beyond the articulation point of the piston-cylinder units 16, 16 'and has for this area 20 collar-like stiffeners 17, 17' and a rolling track 18, 18 '.
  • the latter feature serves to be able to move the supporting structure 19 receiving the counterweight 11 onto the stationary frame part 12 (see FIG. 1).
  • FIG. 2 shows the same crane as in FIG. 1, but in superlift operation.
  • an additional counterweight 21 is attached to the structure 19.
  • the additional counterweight 21 may be divided into individual stacks, each stack is provided with a frame receiving the individual weights.
  • the supporting structure 19 is provided with supporting feet 26 - 26 "', whose support plates can be extended to the ground.
  • the displaceable frame part 15 is extended to maximum length, so that for the center of gravity of the total counterweight, ie counterweight 11 plus additional counterweight 21 a maximum radius R max is obtained.
  • this radius R max equal to 14 meters.
  • FIG. 3 shows the boundary region of the superlift operation.
  • the solid lines correspond to the maximum possible Superlift operation.
  • the dashed lines correspond to the minimum possible superlift operation.
  • a mean radius R of the upper carriage results means the center of gravity of the total counterweight to the axis 14 2.
  • the total counterweight can be placed on the floor and the auxiliary counterweight 21 can be disconnected from the supporting structure 19th If the displaceable frame part 15 retracted even further, the state results as shown in Figure 1.
  • the state according to the solid lines in contrast to the state according to the dashed lines, one can see the corresponding movement of the two braces 9, 10 and of the mast 5 to the movement of the displaceable frame part 15 recognize.
  • Figure 5b shows on the one hand the possibility of bolting the structure 19 with the axially displaceable frame part 15.
  • a bracket 27 on the supporting structure arranged, which is arranged with a displaceable frame part 15 arranged block 28th is bolted.
  • this illustration is the fixed to the frame part 12th refer to the hinged piston-cylinder unit 29 to the displaceable To move frame member 15 axially.
  • dashed lines is the maximum possible pivoting movement of the frame part, d. H. fixed frame part 12 and displaceable frame part 15 indicated.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the piston-cylinder unit 16 for the displacement of the resulting force between counterweight force and clamping force in the Upper carriage 2 shown.
  • the piston-cylinder unit 16 consists of a Cylinder housing 30 and a piston 31 together with piston rod 32.
  • a web 33 is arranged with a bore 34.
  • the Bore 34 is the point of articulation of the piston-cylinder unit 16 on the uppercarriage 2 (see FIG. 5b).
  • the end of the piston rod 32 is formed as an eye 35 with a Bore 36. This is the pivot point of the piston-cylinder unit 16 at the fixed Frame part 12 (see Figure 5b). With the counterweight 11 removed, the piston takes 31 the middle position shown here.
  • a bias of, for example, 100kN abandoned, depending on the attached load L and the radius of the Counterweight 11 or additional counterweight 21 to the axis of rotation 14 of the Upper carriage 2 a forced withdrawal of the total counterweight required is in the main chamber 38 of the piston-cylinder unit 16 a corresponding pressure given up.
  • a pressure can amount to a maximum of 3300 kN.
  • the Pressure task causes a displacement of the piston 31 upwards. This is through a fully painted arrow 39 marked.
  • By the mechanical Connection of the piston rod 32 with the fixed frame member 12 is through the displacement of the piston 31 up the fixed frame part 12 and Thus, the associated total counterweight shifted upwards. In 5b, this is indicated by dashed lines.
  • the Pressure task in the main chamber 38 directly by the crane operator by means of a Manual switch.
  • Figure 7 shows the same crane as Figure 2 in superlift operation, but with a different type of bracing.
  • the tip of the mast 5 is connected via a fixed bracing 40 to the supporting structure 19 of the counterweight 11.
  • the tip of the mast 5 is connected to the superstructure 2 via a length-adjustable bracing 10 by means of a support bracket 22 on a bearing block 23, 23 'arranged on the superstructure 2.
  • the tip of the support bracket 22 is also connected via a fixed bracing 41 to the structure 19 of the counterweight 11.
  • the length-adjustable brace 10 depends limp.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Grue, en particulier grue automotrice, comportant une base et un châssis (2) agencés de façon rotative sur celle-ci, qui présente une flèche principale (3) qui y est articulée et un mât (5) qui y est articulé (contre-flèche), dont l'extrémité (7) est reliée, d'une part, par l'intermédiaire d'un haubanage (9) de longueur modifiable avec la tête (8) de la flèche principale (3) et, d'autre part, par l'intermédiaire d'un haubanage (10) avec un contrepoids (11) sans agencement d'un contrepoids de châssis séparé, la distance du contrepoids (11) au châssis (2) de la grue pouvant être modifiée de façon continue dans une plage déterminée par l'intermédiaire d'un élément de bâti déplaçable dans le plan vertical, agencé sur le châssis (2), et relié à celui-ci sous l'influence d'une force,
    caractérisée en ce que l'élément de bâti présente une partie de bâti (12) axialement fixe reliée au châssis (2), et en ce que l'élément de bâti est relié à un moyen pour déplacer la force résultante entre la force de contrepoids agissant en direction de la force de gravité et la force de tension engendrée par une charge suspendue (L) dans le châssis (2), et en ce que le moyen pour déplacer la force résultante présente au moins un vérin (16, 16') agissant verticalement, qui est relié de façon articulée à la partie de bâti axialement fixe (12) et de façon articulée au châssis (2).
  2. Grue selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que l'élément de bâti présente au moins une partie de bâti (15) axialement mobile parallèlement à la partie de bâti fixe (12).
  3. Grue selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisée en ce que la partie de bâti mobile (15) est agencée de façon télescopique dans la partie de bâti fixe (12).
  4. Grue selon les revendications 2 et 3,
    caractérisée en ce que la partie de bâti mobile (15) est reliée à un vérin (29) agissant axialement articulé à la partie de bâti fixe (12).
  5. Grue selon les revendications 2 - 4,
    caractérisée en ce qu'une zone d'extrémité de la partie de bâti axialement fixe (12) est agencée de façon verticalement pivotante sur le châssis (2).
  6. Grue selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisée en ce que l'axe de pivotement (25) de la partie de bâti (12) coupe l'axe de rotation (14) du châssis (2).
  7. Grue selon la revendication 6,
    caractérisée en ce que le moyen pour déplacer la force résultante est agencé sur l'autre zone d'extrémité, éloignée par rapport à l'axe de pivotement (25), de la partie de bâti fixe (12).
  8. Grue selon une des revendications 2 - 7,
    caractérisée en ce que la partie de bâti axialement fixe (12) s'étend au-delà du point d'articulation du vérin (16, 16') agissant verticalement, et cette zone (20) peut être boulonnée à un support (19) recevant le contrepoids (11).
  9. Grue selon la revendication 8,
    caractérisée en ce que la zone (20) en porte-à-faux de la partie de bâti fixe (12) est munie d'au moins un moyen de rigidification (17, 17') du type rebord et d'une voie de roulement (18, 18') pour le support (19) recevant le contrepoids (11).
  10. Grue selon une des revendications 8 - 9,
    caractérisée en ce que la zone d'extrémité de la partie de bâti (15) axialement mobile peut être boulonnée au support (19) recevant le contrepoids (11).
  11. Grue selon une des revendications 8 - 10,
    caractérisée en ce que, pour augmenter la charge, des contrepoids supplémentaires (21) peuvent être agencés sur le support (19) recevant le contrepoids (11) et être verrouillés au support (19).
  12. Grue selon la revendication 11,
    caractérisée en ce que le support (19) est muni de pieds d'appui (26 à 26") escamotables, s'approchant du sol.
  13. Grue selon la revendication 11,
    caractérisée en ce que le contrepoids supplémentaire (21) peut être réparti en piles individuelles présentant un bâti.
  14. Grue selon la revendication 13,
    caractérisée en ce que chaque bâti peut être relié à au moins quatre roues (42).
  15. Grue selon une des revendications 8 - 14,
    caractérisée en ce que l'extrémité du mât (5) est reliée, par l'intermédiaire d'un haubanage (10) de longueur modifiable, au moyen d'un tréteau articulé (22, 22') au support (19) du contrepoids (11), et aussi bien le mât (5) qu'également les haubanages (9, 10) de longueur modifiable se déplacent entre le mât (5) et le contrepoids (11), d'une part, et le mât (5) et la flèche principale (3), d'autre part, de façon correspondant au déplacement du contrepoids (11), l'extrémité du tréteau (22, 22') présentant, par l'intermédiaire d'un haubanage fixe (41), une liaison au support (19) du contrepoids (11).
  16. Grue selon une des revendications 1 - 14,
    caractérisée en ce que l'extrémité du mât (5) est reliée, par l'intermédiaire d'un haubanage fixe (40), au contrepoids (11) et, par l'intermédiaire d'un haubanage (10) de longueur modifiable, au moyen d'un tréteau (22, 22') articulé, à la partie de bâti fixe (12) de l'élément de bâti, l'extrémité du tréteau (22, 22') présentant, par l'intermédiaire d'un haubanage fixe (41), une liaison au contrepoids (11).
  17. Grue selon la revendication 16,
    caractérisée en ce que, en fonctionnement de superlevage, uniquement le haubanage fixe (40) est actif entre le mât (5) et le contrepoids (11) et, lors du passage en fonctionnement normal, le haubanage fixe (40) est démonté et uniquement le haubanage (10) de longueur modifiable est actif.
  18. Grue selon les revendications 16 - 17,
    caractérisée en ce que le tréteau (22, 22') est réalisé sous forme de fourche et en ce que la zone d'extrémité inférieure du tréteau (22, 22'), pour recevoir un treuil (24) pouvant modifier le haubanage (10) de longueur modifiable en liaison avec une poulie, peut être articulée au choix au support (19) recevant le contrepoids (11) ou au châssis (2) de l'élément de bâti.
EP99963282A 1998-12-04 1999-11-29 Grue, notamment grue automotrice Expired - Lifetime EP1135322B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19857779 1998-12-04
DE19857779A DE19857779A1 (de) 1998-12-04 1998-12-04 Kran, insbesondere Fahrzeugkran
PCT/DE1999/003880 WO2000034173A1 (fr) 1998-12-04 1999-11-29 Grue, notamment grue automotrice

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1135322A1 EP1135322A1 (fr) 2001-09-26
EP1135322B1 true EP1135322B1 (fr) 2003-07-09

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99963282A Expired - Lifetime EP1135322B1 (fr) 1998-12-04 1999-11-29 Grue, notamment grue automotrice

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6568547B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1135322B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4454861B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE244677T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU1964700A (fr)
DE (2) DE19857779A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000034173A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

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DE202014007894U1 (de) 2014-09-29 2014-10-22 Liebherr-Werk Ehingen Gmbh Kran, vorzugsweise Derrickkran
US8985353B2 (en) 2006-10-27 2015-03-24 Manitowoc Crane Companies, Llc Mobile lift crane with variable position counterweight
US9278834B2 (en) 2009-08-06 2016-03-08 Manitowoc Crane Group, LLC Lift crane with moveable counterweight
US10179722B2 (en) 2014-01-27 2019-01-15 Manitowoc Crane Companies, Llc Lift crane with improved movable counterweight
US10183848B2 (en) 2014-01-27 2019-01-22 Manitowoc Crane Companies, Llc Height adjustment mechanism for an auxiliary member on a crane

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JP4225344B2 (ja) * 2006-11-20 2009-02-18 コベルコクレーン株式会社 クレーン
JP5276867B2 (ja) * 2007-04-09 2013-08-28 マニタウォック クレイン カンパニーズ インコーポレイテッド 可変位置カウンタウエイトユニットを装備している自走式リフトクレーン及びその操作方法
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JP4454861B2 (ja) 2010-04-21
WO2000034173A1 (fr) 2000-06-15
JP2002531357A (ja) 2002-09-24
US6568547B1 (en) 2003-05-27
EP1135322A1 (fr) 2001-09-26
ATE244677T1 (de) 2003-07-15
DE59906276D1 (de) 2003-08-14
DE19857779A1 (de) 2000-06-15
AU1964700A (en) 2000-06-26

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