EP1111148A1 - Dispositif et procédé pour fabriquer des tableaux muraux - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé pour fabriquer des tableaux muraux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1111148A1
EP1111148A1 EP00128260A EP00128260A EP1111148A1 EP 1111148 A1 EP1111148 A1 EP 1111148A1 EP 00128260 A EP00128260 A EP 00128260A EP 00128260 A EP00128260 A EP 00128260A EP 1111148 A1 EP1111148 A1 EP 1111148A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bricks
cut
cutting
stones
line
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Granted
Application number
EP00128260A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1111148B1 (fr
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Coserv & Management Sa
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Coserv & Management Sa
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Publication of EP1111148A1 publication Critical patent/EP1111148A1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/041—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres composed of a number of smaller elements, e.g. bricks, also combined with a slab of hardenable material
    • E04C2/042—Apparatus for handling the smaller elements or the hardenable material; bricklaying machines for prefabricated panels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of manufacture of wall panels according to the preamble of claim 1 and a device for performing the method.
  • Wall boards are factory-made according to the construction plans of the masonry to be built from prefabricated bricks, transported to the respective construction site and there assembled to the building to be created.
  • EP 0 459 525 B1 describes a method for producing Known blackboards, where each brick alone on one Pallet is stored in the way that corresponds to its later installation, the pallets in the order of installation Stones like this on a continuous conveyor deposed and from this to a wall portal to be transported where they are in the longitudinal direction of the Wall movable, computer-controlled displacement gripper detected and brought to a pre-calculated position.
  • a maximum of two adjacent stones are gripped and bricked up.
  • the unity with the Both saw blades can be adjusted in the vertical direction so that in one run e.g. Corner cuts can be made are.
  • the known method is relatively slow, because only one or at most two stones are bricked up at the same time become. There is also a complex handling of the bricks required to get this into the correct cutting position bring to.
  • One or two stone saws are used to cut the cut stones provided with a robot that is capable of a Rotate the stone around two axes and thus saw it in the saw to provide the required orientation.
  • On Saw robot removes the stones cut at right angles individually from the stone saw and place it on a buffer belt from.
  • the stones to be cut are cut by a second one Stone saw in the appropriate cutting position from the sawing robot, who has a total of five axes, fed, then they become from a top jaw clamped and cut against the cutting table and if necessary gripped again and rotated in a second cutting plane cut. After sawing is relaxed again and the cut stone was gripped by a gripper who took it transported to an interim storage facility, from where he uses the gripping device at the relevant point on the row of bricks is added to the line-up.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the production output automatic system for the production of well-structured Wall boards to increase significantly.
  • Bricks can shrink when drying and the like have significant tolerances.
  • the cut based on the average brick size causes you rough compensation of the stone tolerances.
  • the fine adjustment will by pulling apart the bricks to be lined up causes. With the pull apart, only the deviation the actually measured dimensions from the averaged Corrected the value on which the cutting was made.
  • the bricks unstacked from stone packages by a denesting gripper, promoted and measured, taking the measurement preferably during unstacking and / or onward transport to the line up is carried out.
  • the length of the bricks is determined during the measurement.
  • a whole row of stones of the stone package is expediently gripped lengthways so that the length of the entire Row of stones can be measured. From the number of gripped Stones can then be the measure of the individual stones Determine the average brick size.
  • the stones to be cut are preferably in stock cut and stored in a buffer. To line up the lines of the chalkboard will then be blank Whole stones merged with the temporarily stored cut stones.
  • the uncut ones are expediently Stones from the stone package are conveyed directly to the line, while the stones to be cut are the corresponding ones Cutting station are fed.
  • the cut stones in a buffer can be cut to size the bricks in the cutting station quasi continuously respectively.
  • the time-consuming cutting can namely staggered in a phase in which for the straight no stone needed to be processed becomes.
  • the buffer can be formed by a conveyor belt.
  • the fine adjustment of the row of wall panels to be lined up pulling apart the individual bricks is preferred during the transport of the bricks to the line performed, especially while being by a Unstacking grippers are gripped, which in the form of stone packages delivered unstacked bricks.
  • the transport and Holding device preferably only the cut or Cut stones moved while the blank or whole stones through the unstacking gripper directly onto the line be placed. Furthermore, are preferred the bricks to be cut with the transport and holding device moved underneath the saw, i.e. from below seized by the transport and holding device.
  • the bricks to be cut are preferably in the clamped in the transport and holding device cut in the required cutting planes, i.e. the The jaws of the transport and holding device are for clamping the bricks to be cut at the cutting station educated.
  • the brick to be cut can, however also by another facility during cutting be held, for example by one against the brick when cutting from above pressing stamp. This For example, stamps can be used for vertical cutting Crosscut saw are formed by the saw cover.
  • the bricks to be cut in a single cutting station that has a universal saw be tailored.
  • the saw is preferably cut to the required Axis swiveled, that is, the saw becomes relative turned to stone. This can be in a single position being held. A turning of the stone is avoided.
  • first Cutting station in a first Cutting station the height and / or the top profile and in a second cutting station the length and / or the side contour cut the bricks to be cut.
  • First cutting station can be bevel cuts, as they are with bricks are required for sloping ceilings or L-cuts for window corners and the like.
  • vertical cuts in the first cutting station be made to a desired amount of the appropriate To manufacture the Mauerzeile.
  • second cutting station then that especially in the case of curbs of a row of wall panels required face cuts.
  • the bricks can be perpendicular to the desired length cut or slanted with a desired Miter angle for non-right-angled wall ends be cut off.
  • L-cuts can be made as follows in a first horizontal saw (height saw) the first cut is made in the second cutting station the second cut rotated by 90 ° is made.
  • the bricks of a row of wall panels can then in front of last cutting station are pushed together and the first and / or last brick of the row is depending on the Length of the pushed together brick line cut. Tolerances the processed bricks are irrelevant. The actual dimension of the brick line is decisive for the Cut to length and the bricks are actually on the Cut the desired length.
  • the bricks to be cut through the Cutting station (s) guided while uncut bricks fed downstream of the cutting station (s) of the conveyor line are preferably fed directly to the line-up.
  • the actual length of the individual bricks can, for example when gripping the bricks caught by the brick packages are taken into account by the control unit for the cutting station become.
  • the cutting station is controlled doing so in the manner described above on the basis of average length of the bricks of a batch, plus a tolerance of wengen mm for outliers.
  • the lined up bricks grabbed by the transfer robot and on the lowering wall plate of the wall station is offset.
  • the mortar or the binding agent for bricking up the individual Brick lines can be applied in different ways.
  • the mortar from a mortar sled be applied to the wall in the making, before the next row of bricks is put on.
  • the gripped Brick line over a roller with adhesive mortar emotional is applied. This has the advantage that the time required cannot become a bottleneck for the mortar application.
  • the brick line is transverse to the direction of the wall Moving over the roller can be a particularly quick application of mortar can be achieved.
  • the unstacking gripper mentioned is preferably the one mentioned Measuring device and the positioning device for Pulling apart the bricks integrated.
  • the unstacking gripper realizes three functions simultaneously, namely the unstacking of the delivered brick packages, on the other hand measuring the wall to be walled up Bricks and beyond the fine adjustment respectively the fine adjustment of the dimensional tolerances of the bricks.
  • the unstacking gripper expediently has longitudinal grippers for gripping a brick row of a brick package in Longitudinal direction and cross gripper for gripping each one individually Brick of a row of bricks.
  • the cross grabs are preferably one for pulling apart the bricks gripped row designed to be movable in the longitudinal direction.
  • the row of bricks can first through the Longitudinal grippers are gripped when the cross grabs are swung away. A change of grip takes place in the air. Pack the cross grabs closed while the longitudinal grippers are being moved away. In this The cross grippers can also be moved, to align the bricks accordingly.
  • the measuring device expediently detects the distance between the Longitudinal gripper, the length of the gripped row of bricks corresponds, while this is gripped by the unstacking gripper.
  • the distance between the longitudinal grippers therefore preferably corresponds to that Length of a row of packages.
  • the destacker is preferably from the delivery station, in which the brick packages are deposited, to the conveyor line, with the at least one cutting station, and too the line-up, movable. This allows you to use the destacking gripper both the cutting station and the line-up line to be served. If necessary, several can Unstacking grippers can be provided, for example one for Operation of the conveyor line or conveyor lines for cutting and a second that can be moved to the line-up is.
  • a measuring device for measurement the bricks and a control device provided, wherein the control device is designed such that it consists of the measured brick dimensions are a medium brick dimension determined and controls the cutting station so that this Base of the average brick size that cuts the brick.
  • a positioning device that can be controlled by the control device can be used to pull apart the Bricks according to the difference between the recorded and medium brick dimensions should be provided. It is for Transportation of the bricks from the stone packages to the conveyor line a de-stacking gripper is provided, in which the measuring device and / or the positioning device is integrated.
  • the unstacking gripper has longitudinal grippers for gripping a row of bricks in the longitudinal direction and cross grabs for gripping a single brick Brick row on, the cross grabs in the longitudinal direction are designed to be movable.
  • the measuring device detects the distance between the longitudinal grippers.
  • only cutting station provided with a universal saw, the or their saw blade around several axes is pivotable.
  • the pivotability is designed such that the bricks to be cut in different, the necessary cutting planes can.
  • several Cutting stations one after the other along a conveyor line be provided in which the bricks one after the other in several cutting planes can be cut. Any cutting station is designed for a different cutting plane.
  • the cutting stations are connected to each other by the conveyor and effect cutting in several levels in the Passing the bricks.
  • the order of several Cutting stations allow all required cutting shapes without the use of an expensive, clock-inhibiting Robot to position the stones.
  • the transport and holding device to cut the Grabs stone, transported to the cutting station (s), around the stone in the transport and holding device To cut condition at the cutting station (s), can be designed in different ways.
  • two conveyor grippers can also be used along the conveyor line be movable that overtake each other can. While a conveyor gripper with its jaws holds the stone in the cutting station, grabs the second Conveyor gripper with its jaws the stone. The first Conveyor gripper can now release the stone and move back, to fetch the next stone that will be cut should.
  • the conveyor gripper or grippers can be one of the length have a length corresponding to a row of packages.
  • the transport and holding device at least one articulated arm robot is provided, who grabs the bricks to be cut, and without changing the cutting speed of the cutting station feeds, and if necessary, in the same clamping in cuts several cutting planes.
  • the saw can if necessary be stationary. In this case, the from the "hand" of the articulated arm robot repositioned the stone and rotated to reach different cutting levels.
  • This variant does not have to be used again, to make cuts in multiple levels. It can but also a universal saw with several cutting planes be used.
  • At least one of the cutting stations is preferably one Assigned pivoting device for pivoting the cutting planes, in particular, the transport and holding device including the clamping jaws in the area of the cutting station be designed to be pivotable or tiltable.
  • the conveyor is in the area of the cutting station interrupted and a tilting table for tipping the bricks in the cutting station provided, the jaws over the Tilting table can be moved and tilted together with it.
  • the tilting table can preferably be tilted by at least 90 °, so that Cuts in mutually perpendicular planes, such as, for example L-cuts are necessary can.
  • each cutting station can be pivoted about at least one axis is.
  • the section plane can accordingly by swiveling the cutting means and / or by pivoting the brick can be adjusted using the tilting table.
  • first cutting station along the conveyor line a height saw with a saw blade in a horizontal plane.
  • the height saw can be used to achieve high cutting performance preferably translationally across to the conveyor line and be moved here.
  • the saw blade can be plunge cut be driven to the full, making the cutting process considerable is accelerated.
  • the height cut can also do this caused that the bricks to be cut along the conveyor line are pushed through the saw blade, whereby the saw blade - apart from its rotary cutting movement - can stand still.
  • This cut is special for a whole row of walls, the height of which is cut must, efficiently.
  • the bricks of the entire line can pushed one after the other through the height saw without putting down the saw blade and the cutting process to interrupt.
  • radial channels in the saw blade to arrange through which a cooling fluid to saw teeth on the circumference of the saw blade can be fed.
  • the coolant especially water, is caused by centrifugal force of the rotating saw blade promoted and occurs in the Saw teeth from the saw blade.
  • This coolant supply has regardless of the aforementioned features of the device special advantages and increases stability of the cutting blade essential.
  • the channels are preferably arranged in a star shape for the supply of cooling fluid.
  • the channels can be covered to the outside and inside of the saw blade, in particular with multi-layer saw blades in the core layer of the saw blade, where the outlet opening of the channel is provided in the sawtooth area is. As a result, the coolant is targeted into the cutting area guided.
  • At least one of the cutting stations can have a swivel device to pivot the cutting planes.
  • the Cutting station can be a saw with a saw blade, which pivotable and / or movable in several axes is.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the invention consists in that a second cutting station a crosscut saw, in particular a vertically adjustable crosscut saw with a saw blade in a vertical plane. With vertical delivery of the saw blade immediately cuts into the full and achieves a significantly higher cutting performance than one Portal saw that always cuts to length when cutting the bricks would start cutting on one edge of the stone.
  • Cut around any side or face contours is the cutting plane of the second cutting station in advantageously pivotable about a vertical axis.
  • the versions described with more than one Cutting station have the advantage that very high system performance are reachable. In contrast, the execution the advantage with just one cutting station smaller size. Second is for most If the amount of cut stone that can be achieved is sufficient, because of the usually sudden attack of a type of cut, such as the height cut at the top row of wall panels, the second saw is not used.
  • the cutting station can be quasi continuous cut to size, even if there are no cut stones are needed. This allows it to be cut to size become. If non-tolerant stones, e.g. out Lime sandstone processed, can be used on tolerance compensation facilities to be dispensed with.
  • the line-up an intermediate storage for pre-cut bricks. This can in particular between that of the cutting station downstream cut stone buffer and the line-up be arranged. Is preferably used as a buffer a lifting table is used. The denesting gripper can accordingly always remove all gripped stones. The Bricks that are not currently needed are lifted using the lifting table lowered so that only the remaining stones from the unstacking gripper gripped brick row on the string be lined up.
  • the buffer can have multiple compartments each have whole stones or partial stones have different sizes. In a preferred version this buffer has at least three compartments, one for Whole stones, one for half stones and one e.g. for 1/3 Stones.
  • the production of wall panels can be done fully automatically with high production output and accuracy be produced, from wall panels of any configuration, especially of wall panels with windows and Doorways.
  • sawing and sequencing represent two processes that are decoupled in time.
  • an automatic one Parcel crane provided by the common control device is controlled.
  • the performance of the device according to the invention can thereby can be increased if two parallel cutting lines with one row each are provided, the two Alignment lines on one or the other side of the wall station and are arranged parallel to the same.
  • the further transport and holding device can be provided with the stones along the buffer belt and the line up are optionally recordable, the further transport and Holding device raised by at least one stone height and be lifted over stones lying on the line can.
  • the stones can be lifted by the Conveyor gripper of the transport and holding device vertical sliding jaws with a corresponding drive have.
  • the at least one transport and holding device can therefore for transporting the stones to be cut along the conveyor line be provided for the buffer, and the at least one further transport and holding device for transporting the cut stones from the buffer to the line.
  • the Line up can be done by a conveyor belt or transport rollers be educated.
  • the device shown in Fig. 1 for the production of wall panels has a warehouse 1, in which the bricks to be processed in the form of palletized brick packages 2 from the Brickyard to be delivered.
  • the position of each Brick packs 2 in warehouse 1 is not shown Data processing system saved.
  • Corresponding the required stone type will be brick packs 2 in the work area stopped by two unstacking grippers 3 and 8.
  • a buffer 28, 29 with three compartments is provided, namely one for whole stones, one for half stones and one for 1/3 stones.
  • a truck from the brickworks coming brick blocks 2 with a not shown automated stacking crane from the truck unloaded and stored in warehouse 1.
  • the stone packages 2 automatically remove the required type of stone and provided in the work area of the unstacking grippers 3 and 8. If necessary, only one destacking gripper is possible.
  • the provision of the brick packages 2 from the warehouse 1 is preferably carried out with an automatic, not shown Parcel crane. This has the advantage that the brick packages 2 provided at the required speed can be, so that the wall device due to brick packages not being delivered in time 2 is prevented. In addition, the corresponding Personnel saved to provide the brick packages.
  • the bricks 9 on the cut the desired format are from the conveyor line 4 to an adjoining Pass line 5, from which they form wall panels 7 be bricked up in the wall station 7a.
  • the from the conveyor line 4 coming cut stones are on the stringing line 5 merged with uncut bricks, directly by means of the further unstacking gripper 8 from the brick package 2 provided to the line-up 5 are given.
  • the unstacking gripper 3 or the identical gripper 8 engages with its longitudinal grippers 32 and transverse jaws 31 (FIG. 5) line by line Bricks 9 arranged in the brick package 2 and sets them down on conveyor line 4.
  • the conveyor section 4 can be designed as a slide 10.
  • a transport and holding device 12 with a Conveyor gripper 13 provided (Fig. 4).
  • the conveyor gripper 13, which can be moved along the conveyor section 4 has Pair of jaws 14, 14a, which surround the brick 9 and clamp in a direction transverse to the conveying direction.
  • the jaws 14, 14a are below the conveyor line 4 by the conveyor gripper 13 held on the below the conveyor line 4 Rails 27, 27a runs (Fig. 4).
  • the conveyor gripper 13 comprises two slides with wheels and preferably separated on each side of a stand 16 driven drives provided with a positioning device, the the appropriately trained guideway or Firmly embrace running rails 27, 27a from both sides and along this run.
  • the conveyor gripper 13 is in two parts, with the two parts on both sides of the stand 16, which also carries the conveyor line 4, that is, the slide 10, run (Fig. 4).
  • FIGS. 1 and 2a there are two along the conveyor section 4 Cutting stations 19 and 20 provided that the bricks 9th cut to the desired format.
  • the first cutting station 19 seen in the conveying direction comprises a height saw 21, which is designed as a height-adjustable circular saw is (Figs. 3 and 4).
  • the circular saw blade 22 of the height saw 21 is arranged in a horizontal plane.
  • the height saw 21 is transverse to the conveying direction, that is, according to FIG. 2a left to right, back and forth to move in a plunge cut to be able to cut into the full of bricks 9.
  • the stones 9 can also when the vertical saw is not moving 21 on the conveyor line 4 by the previously positioned accordingly Saw blade 22 are pushed through. Hereby can be used in particular when sawing entire rows of stones achieve high cutting performance.
  • the bricks 9 are immediately on with the height saw 21 the conveyor section 4 cut horizontally, further handling steps are not necessary.
  • the conveyor line or slide 4 serves as a cutting table in the cutting station 19.
  • the bricks 9 are from the jaws 14 in the corresponding Cut position and clamped in this.
  • To the transport and holding device promotes the cutting process 12 the cut, clamped in the jaws 14, 14a Brick 9 further.
  • the bricks to be cut 9 are so of the jaws 14, 14a of the transport and Holding device 12 gripped, along the conveyor section 4 moved to the cutting station 19 with the height saw 21, in the Cutting station 19 cut in the same clamping and in the same restraint moved on. A covering of the bricks 9 is not necessary for the cutting process.
  • the transport and holding device consist of two funding grippers.
  • the second gripper can hold the stone in the saw suitable grabs for overtaking grab the stone.
  • the first conveyor gripper can now release the stone and return drive to get the next stone.
  • the brick to be cut at the cutting station in the clamped in the transport and holding device cut in the required cutting planes.
  • the conveyor line is 4 interrupted in the area of the cutting station 19.
  • the stones run over a tilting table 23 (Fig. 3), which is about a horizontal axis transverse to the conveying direction the conveyor section 4 can be tilted and the stones into the desired inclined position.
  • the tilt table 23 is thereby tiltable by at least +/- 45 °, so that stones 9 for Adjoining walls can be cut in another version tiltable by 90 °, so that cuts are feasible in mutually perpendicular planes.
  • the movable transport and holding device according to FIG. 3 is driven by an on-board drive, which is supported on a rack 17.
  • the guideway 27 is partly stationary, partly together with the tilting table 23 tiltable.
  • the transport and holding device is in the Able to drive from the stationary to the tilting part.
  • FIGS. 3a-3c An embodiment of the tilting table 23 is shown in FIGS. 3a-3c shown in more detail.
  • the tilt table 23 has a base 36, which is essentially plate-shaped. On the two ends of the pad 36 are transverse to the conveying direction extending axes 38, 39 fixed. These axes rest in bearing shells connected to the stands 35. To swing open of the tilting table becomes the upper part of the bearing shell, which is opposite the respective swivel axis, folded away, so that the pad 36 like a wing like a Book cover can be opened.
  • the tilt table 23 lies on the side of the swivel axis 38 the corresponding stand 35 and can be lifted from this be while the other side of the tilt table 23 with the other stand 35 is pivotable about a pivot axis 39, but is not connected to be withdrawn.
  • the tilting table 23 has two pivot drives 40, 41, which Pad 37 relative to base 36 about pivot axis 38 pivot or the pad 36 together with the pad 37 pivot about the fixed pivot axis 39.
  • the quarter turn actuators each have drive pinions 42 which have pivoting swords 43 cooperate, which with the pad 36 or the support 37 are firmly connected and arcuate bend around the respective pivot axis 38 or 39.
  • the swivel table 23 By actuating the swivel drive 40, the swivel table 23 in one direction (Fig. 3a) and by actuation of the other swivel drive 41 in the other direction (Fig. 3c) can be pivoted. By actuating both rotary actuators 40, 41, the swivel table 23 can be adjusted in height.
  • the height saw 21 also parallel in one axis adjustable to the conveying direction.
  • the transport and holding device 12 can with the clamping jaws 14 in the non-tilted state of the tilting table 23 run this and are tilted together with the tilting table, so that even when tilting the bricks 9 of these Clamping jaws 14 are held and clamped and thus one Retensioning the stones 9 is not necessary.
  • 19 L cuts should be made in the cutting station are carried out in a first step, a horizontal one Cut made. Then after the Height saw 21 is retracted, the brick 9 over the Tilting table 23 rotated by 90 ° to the in a second cut L-cut to complete.
  • the two may be necessary for an L-cut Cuts also in two different cutting stations be carried out so that no tilting of the brick 9th is required.
  • the height saw 21 is also pivotable is trained. Expediently, the height saw 21 about a vertical to the tilt axis of the tilt table 23 vertical Axis can be tilted.
  • the saw blade 22 can be constructed in three layers, in particular it can have a central copper body, which is clad with steel to provide adequate noise insulation to reach. Can be particularly advantageous the saw blade 22 with the cooling channels running inside manufacture by star-forming in the central copper body running channels and then the Steel plates are placed on the copper body, whereby the cooling channels are closed.
  • the saw blade 22 of the height saw 21 can have such a saw blade cooling, ie with radial channels in the saw blade through which a cooling fluid closes Saw teeth on the circumference of the saw blade can be fed.
  • a saw blade cooling ie with radial channels in the saw blade through which a cooling fluid closes Saw teeth on the circumference of the saw blade can be fed.
  • a chop saw 24 is provided, the circular saw blade 25 in extends a vertical plane.
  • the chop saw 24 is one vertical axis pivotable so that the saw blade 25 not only in the direction shown in Fig. 2 at right angles to the conveying direction arranged position, but also in an inclined position for Miter angle cuts can be operated (cf. 24a in FIG. 1).
  • the chop saw 24 can be moved up and down in the vertical direction, so that the cross-cuts or cross cuts are carried out in full can be. This will make a much larger one Cutting performance achieved (Fig. 6, right side).
  • a rotary table can also be provided in the cutting station 20 be that of the bricks to be cut relative to the orientation of the saw blade 25 about a vertical axis can to set the desired miter angle.
  • the chop saw 24 can also be moved vertically Axis can be pivoted so that oblique cross cuts can be made are.
  • the pivot axis of the cross-cut saw 24 lies here within the stop edge of the conveyor track 4. This must only a gap for the passage of the saw blade 25 in all angular positions have, as Fig. 3e shows.
  • the saw 24 can expediently on a swivel arm 36 be articulated with which the saw blade 25 or the whole Chop saw 24 is movable up and down to make full cuts to be able to drive, as Fig. 3d shows.
  • the bricks 9 directly on the conveyor line 4 cut and from the jaws 14, 14a Transport and holding device 12 held and clamped.
  • the Stones 9 to be cut are thus clamped in the bakken 14, 14a along the transport and holding device 12 the conveyor line 4 moves and the respective stone in the same Clamping one after the other in the required cutting planes cut.
  • the transport and holding device can consist of two conveyor grippers consist. While one of the conveyor grabs Holding the stone in the saw, the second takes overtaking suitable conveyor grabs the stone. The first conveyor gripper can now release the stone and go back to get the next one Driving stones.
  • cuts can be made in three dimensions run by appropriate inclination the saw blades or the tilting table are possible.
  • Bay windows with a roof superstructure can have complicated cutting geometries to be required.
  • the cutting stations 19 and 20 are not closer to one controlled central control unit shown, namely preferably depending on the detected actual dimensions of the bricks 9.
  • the dimensions of the bricks 9 can for example when unstacking the bricks 2 from the unstacking gripper 3 are detected, as will be explained in more detail.
  • the stones accordingly cutting longer or shorter becomes the current one Length of the stone row, which is lifted from the brick packages 2 is measured while being gripped by the unstacking gripper 8 becomes.
  • the current distance the gripper jaws 32 are measured after the rows of stones have been clamped.
  • FIG. 5 shows the destacking gripper 3 in detail. He owns preferably a pair of grippers 32 which are in the longitudinal direction the brick rows 9 of a brick package 2 engages as well several pairs of grippers 31 transversely to this. This can be a row of bricks picked up and gripped in the longitudinal direction of the row and then - preferably in the air become. Either all or only a few Bricks 9 of a row of a brick package 2 deposited become.
  • the longitudinal grippers 32 are pivotable, as shown in FIG. 5 a carrier 45 of the unstacking gripper 8 articulated.
  • Means the longitudinal gripper 32 can be from a brick package 2 (Fig. 1) a whole row of bricks can be removed, the bricks 9 of a row are pressed against each other.
  • the transverse jaws 31 of the unstacking gripper 3 or 8 grip transversely to the gripping direction of the longitudinal grippers 32 and are also hinged to the carrier 45. You can in particular be pivoted upwards so that when gripping a row of bricks on the stone package are not in the way.
  • the jaws of the cross grippers 31 are in the longitudinal direction, that is, movable in the gripping direction of the longitudinal grippers 32, and in pairs synchronously, so that the cross grabs 31 gripped bricks with longitudinal grippers moved away 32 can be pulled apart.
  • the direction of travel the cross gripper 31 is in FIG. 5 by the reference symbol 46 marked.
  • the cross grippers 31 are along the carrier 45, wherein the pinion 17a in a rack 17b extending along the bracket 45 intervene, be driven.
  • the position of a gripped row of stones can be to the central axis of the unstacking gripper 3, 8.
  • the actual Position can be determined from the measurement of the angle of the longitudinal grippers 32 become. To put down the seized bricks the target coordinates for the unstacking gripper 3, 8 accordingly corrected the measured deviation.
  • the length dimensions determined by the unstacking gripper 3, 8 unstacked bricks 9 are the central control unit fed. This determines from this after the addition of a tolerance measure a medium stone length for long stones. Here, the value of the average stone length can be successively are corrected the more stones have been unstacked.
  • the Control unit controls the Control unit the cutting stations 19, 20, the cutting perform the bricks 9. The cut in particular the cut of the bricks 9 is thus in Dependence of the determined stone length.
  • the deviation of the average stone length from the actually measured stone length is when stringing the bricks 9 in the line 5 considered.
  • the unstacking gripper 8 immediately on the line 5 given whole stones through the cross jaws 31 pulled apart.
  • the exact length you want Wall panel line is therefore on the one hand by adding a Cut stone and the other by pulling the Bricks of each row of bricks removed from the package are reached. With pulling apart, however, only those Stone tolerances not compensated for by the cut stones balanced.
  • the whole stones 6 are thus from the stack gripper 8 in the required number stored directly on the row 5. Become less than the total amount of whole stones that the Has removed the unstacking gripper 8 from the package 2, is required the rest are placed on the lowering buffer 47. Will now in the episode a cut stone is required, this is with the transport and holding device 34 received by the buffer 47 and added to the previously placed whole stones on the line 5. Before each stone is deposited, the line is placed 5 clocked by the measure of the stone length of the next stones.
  • Subsequent feeding of the cut stones allowed maximum utilization of the cutting stations and accordingly a very efficient stone feed.
  • a lowering buffer 47 may be arranged, which serves as a buffer serves for the cutting-free whole stones.
  • the unstacking gripper 8 can then always an entire row of bricks 9 Grab and set down from the brick package 2. Become for the just erected brick layer, however, only one or two bricks are needed, the ones that are not needed Bricks on the lowering buffer 47 in front of the beginning of the line 5 filed.
  • the two according to FIG. 7 are not required Whole stones 9 are lowered with the lowering buffer 47 and thus cleared the way for you on the conveyor line 4 cut stone, as will be explained. If then a whole stone is needed again, the lowering buffer rises 47, and the whole stones temporarily stored on it are lined up on the belt of the line 5.
  • the lowering buffer 47 is optional, i.e. the destacking gripper has to be without it 8 unneeded whole stones next to the conveyor line 4 Store temporarily.
  • a particular advantage is that with the described Method or the described device without reduction small stones are processed during production can, for example 25 cm long bricks that the Cut out little waste.
  • the same Performance is achieved because the unstacking gripper 3 or 8 always an entire row of stones from stack 2 or 2a, 2b ... takes. Whether e.g. 2 x 50 cm long or 4 x 25 cm long Stones are not affected by the performance.
  • the number of cross grippers 31 is chosen to be so large that what is the maximum number of stones per row. Even with height cuts there is no increase in the result of shorter stones Cutting time when the conveyor gripper 13 or its jaws 14, 14a is as long as a row of packages.
  • the bricks 9 of the packages 2 can be a specific one Have height (for example 25 cm). Because many individually Cut bricks cut horizontally in height must be less than the standard height of a whole stone and because many stones are cut to length need to be less than the standard length of the stones is, it is advantageous to avoid stone waste, further Stone packages 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d in the grip area of the unstacking grippers 3 and 8, which is a lower height or Length, especially half the height of the bricks Have 9 of packages 2.
  • bricks 9 of different heights be used.
  • Bricks of different lengths can also be used in order to reduce the section in the chop saw 24.
  • the bricks of different lengths can be used before Cutting station 19, but especially in front of the cutting station 20 are given on the conveyor line 4.
  • a buffer is advantageous before the start of the conveyor section 4 29 added for stones to be cut to the waste at Keep cutting as small as possible.
  • a possible education consists of a corresponding to the double arrow 28 sliding sliding table 29 with rake-shaped stone shelves about 10 cm wide.
  • the individual to the conveyor line 4 open tines are for different stone dimensions intended.
  • the unstacking robot moves onto the tines stones of different lengths and heights.
  • the shift table 29 moves into the position that the tine in flight with the stones currently required with the conveyor line 4.
  • the holding and transport device 12 drives into the tines and takes the necessary ones Stones on.
  • 1 is a to increase the production output optional second cutting line drawn (designations with index a).
  • the rows 5, 5a of the two Cutting streets run parallel to the wall station 7a.
  • 1 is the wall station 7a with the transfer robot 30 shown with displacement gripper, with - at two Cutting lines alternately - the lined up bricks from volume 5 (or 5a) and for education a wall 7 on the wall station 7a under previous Brick or mortar or other binding agent bricked up become.
  • Fig. 8 shows the application of the binder.
  • the roller 33 is rotatable in a mortar or binder store 34 added, in which the roller 33 dips, so that by the rotation of the roller 33, the binder or Mortar is conveyed to the free top of the roller 33 (Fig. 8). Because the brick line across the roller 33 is moved, the binder or mortar can be very can be applied efficiently in a short time.
  • the roller 33 has a length that is the maximum length of the on the Line up 5 corresponds to row of bricks.
  • An embodiment of the invention differs from embodiment described above basically by that instead of the two cutting stations, only one Cutting station 50 is provided (Fig. 2b, 9, 10, 12).
  • the Cutting station 50 has a universal saw 51 with which all necessary cuts can be made.
  • the saw 51 is pivotable at the end of a vertical robot axis 52 (Fig. 9) attached.
  • the pivot axis 53 of the saw 51 is perpendicular to the vertical robot axis 52.
  • the Saw 51 up and down along the vertical axis 52 be moved.
  • the saw 51 can move around the vertical Axis 52 rotated and in any angular position to be brought.
  • the saw 51 can be relative to the vertical Carrier 54 pivoted or in an alternative embodiment the entire vertical support 54 can also be rotated become.
  • the vertical support 54 is on a portal 55 attached, which in turn is movable.
  • the horizontal portal 55 forms the diagonal a slewing ring 56 and can be turned into any by the slewing ring 56 Angular positions are brought.
  • the vertical support 54 can also be movable along the portal 55. On in this way the saw 51 can be brought into any position become; all cuts required for the wall production are feasible.
  • the horizontal axis can be used to make wall connections or portal 55 can be rotated accordingly, as in FIG. 10 shows.
  • the vertical cuts can be made as a plunge cut the saw 51 is fed along the vertical axis 52, be performed.
  • the saw 51 can be put together with the vertical axis 52 along the horizontal Move axis 55 and thus drive into brick 9 become.
  • the cutting stations 19, 20 In order for the cutting stations 19, 20 to work continuously and 50, is in accordance with FIGS. 1 and 9 in development the invention the cutting stations 19, 20 and the Cutting station 50 a buffer in the form of a buffer belt 57 downstream, on which the cut stones 9a are given.
  • the cut stones are then on the Row 5 given and there with the cut-free whole stones merged.
  • Operation of the cutting station 50 can be achieved. This is an advantage because cutting the stones takes time is and the clock of the cutting station 50 is essentially the Clock of the wall device determined. The cutting of the bricks takes place synchronously with the ranking of the others Bricks of a row of wall panels, so that processing time is saved can be.
  • the buffer belt 57 can consist of two parallel strands and thus be adjustable in width.
  • the cut stones are on the buffer belt 57 up to the last one placed on it Stone promoted and placed on the buffer belt 57.
  • the ribbon continues as soon as at the downstream end a stone was removed from the buffer belt 57.
  • movable transport and holding device 34 can the cut stone 9, 9a, if it is not the forms the first stone in the row of stones, the one in the direction of conveyance last stone 9 can be added to the line 6. If the jaws of the transport and holding device are adjustable in height are the cut stone 9 between two stones can be inserted on the line 5.
  • the transport and holding device can also by a Articulated arm robot be formed.
  • the delivered in the package Stones first in a not shown here Form isolated.
  • One shown in Figs. 13 and 14 Articulated arm robot 65 then grips one at the end of his rotating hand 66 attached gripper 67 the stone to be cut 9 and leads it to the saw 68 with the saw blade 25.
  • the saw 68 is preferably stationary, the articulated arm robot 65 the stone 9 moved at cutting speed. After completion a first cut and retract the stone from the saw 68 until it is free, without the gripper 67 to open the rotary hand 66 according to the desired new one Cutting plane rotated and the stone in the second desired Cutting plane of saw 68 again at cutting speed fed.
  • the articulated arm robot 65 thus takes the shape of a segment of a circle in FIG. 13 arranged rows arranged radially one behind the other Whole or half stones on the respective stone, turns it into the desired cutting position, leads it into Cutting speed of the stationary saw 68 and sets the cut stone 9 on the string 5, all Movements of the stone with the robot 65 without the gripper 67 is opened.
  • the saw can be moved at cutting speed while the articulated arm robot holds the stone.
  • the central processing unit ensures that the foremost cut to size on the buffer belt 57 in the conveying direction Stone 9 is ready when it touches the bricks 9 the line 5 is to be added.
  • FIG. 12 shows a further embodiment of the transport and Holding device shown to the bricks 9 on the Promote conveyor line 4.
  • the transport and holding device 49 according to FIG. 12 differs differs from that of FIG. 4 essentially by that on the guide with the rails 63a, 63b, 64a, 64b both sides of the conveyor section 4 not only one each Carriage-shaped conveyor grippers, each with a clamping jaw, but two conveyor grippers designed as sledges 58a, 58b and 59a, 59b, each with a jaw 61a, 61b and 60a, 60b are guided.
  • the brick 9 can both the jaws 60a and 60b as well as with the jaws 61a and 61b are clamped.
  • Each guide rail 63a, 63b, 64a, 64b is formed in two tracks, so that the Pair of slides 58a, 58b with the jaws 61a, 61b on the one hand and the pair of slides 59a, 59b with the jaws 60a, 60b on the other hand can overtake.
  • the pairs of slides 53a, 53b and the pairs of slides 59a, 59b are along the guide can be moved synchronously.
  • the jaws 60a, 60b and 61a engage, 61b the respective brick 9 on opposite side cheeks just above the support surface of the brick 9 the slide 4. This allows relatively deep cuts be performed.
  • the distance between the left and right sides of the Slide 4 according to Fig. 12 can e.g. by means of a rack and pinion gear 48 to the stone width of the bricks to be cut 9 can be adjusted.
  • the two separately controllable right and left clamping jaws 60a, 60b and 61a, 61b, shown in plan view in FIG. 11 are not aligned in the case of an oblique cut, to make room for the passage of the saw 51 to the cutting line To leave 71.
  • the jaws 60a, 60b and 61a, 61b are by individually controllable linear positions z. B. in the form connected by pneumatic cylinders or electromagnetically.
  • the jaws 60a, 60b and 61a, 61b are long enough trained to run an entire row of stones at the same time as they did was gripped by the destacker 3 to be transported. They can preferably be approximately one meter long. Is preferably cut on the front edge of the Jaws.
  • the jaws 60a, 60b and 61a, 61b are through individually controllable linear adjustments z. B. in the form Electromagnetically closed by pneumatic cylinders.
  • the jaws 61a, 61b, 60a, 60b can be designed to be height adjustable, to grip the bricks 9 at different heights to enable. In this way, for example, for a vertical cut the upper cut part of the brick 9 be gripped after the cut.
  • the guideway 27, 27a can be used for the transport and holding device according to Fig. 12 also up to Line up 5 extend.
  • 27a is at the end of the buffer belt 57 with a transport and holding device 34 Jaws arranged movably, which has the task of Remove the cut stones from the buffer belt 57 and on the aligning belt 5 at the position provided by the control unit in front of the Classify whole stones.
  • a transport and holding device 34 with a pair of jaws generally sufficient. This pair of jaws can also be used in the lowering buffer 47 (Fig. 1 and 7) cached whole stones on the string 5 can be transported as soon as these whole stones again to be needed.
  • the stones 9a, 9 are from the transport and holding device 12 placed on the buffer belt 57 been.
  • a guide 27, 27a therefore extends for the brick transport. and holding device 12 and 49 along the Conveyor section 4 to the row section 5 and the arranged in between Buffer belt 57 arranged for this on a straight line can be.
  • Buffer section 57 The from the buffer 28, 29 for the stones to be cut to Buffer section 57 can be moved along the guideway 27, 27a there are two conveyor grippers 58a, 58b and 59a and 59b able to drive past each other. This is true a gripping of the stone 9 to be cut by a conveyor gripper 58a, 58b to the other conveyor grippers 59a, 59b possible, however, the stone is at the cutting station 19, 20 in the formed by the two conveyor grippers transport and holding device always clamped to the required Cutting planes can be cut.
  • the third conveyor gripper 34 fulfills the task cut stones 9a at the downstream end of the buffer section 57, via the lowering buffer 47 for whole stones to transport to the line 5 and at their in to line up the intended position. Become whole stones either directly from the unstacking gripper 32 on her in the wall designated position on the line 5 or partially stored on the lowering buffer 47.
  • the third conveyor gripper 34 also fulfills the task stored in the lowering buffer 47 To transport whole stones to the line 5 and to the to line up stones lined up beforehand.
  • One of the conveyor grabs can be able to line up whole stones or an additional conveyor gripper as a lifting conveyor gripper be carried out. It means a transport and Holding device like 12 or 49, but with the additional function Lift the gripped stone over the one on the line 5 lying stones. This can be used to cut a stone later can be inserted further downstream on the alignment belt 5.
  • Fig. 15 it is shown how it is possible by rearranging is 9 cut stones from the whole stone shown on the left 9a, 9b to minimize waste 9c.
  • the cut stone 9b is in a different order as the lining up line 5 is supplied for bricking, before moving the masonry grab 30 to the wall station 7a is taken over the downstream Stones, i.e. the whole stone 9 and the cut stone 9a and deposited on the line 5.
  • the further can Transport and holding device which is on the line 5 works, lift the stone 9b over the other stones 9, 9a and on the line 5 in the correct position to the wall station 7a.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
EP00128260A 1999-12-23 2000-12-22 Dispositif pour fabriquer des panneaux muraux Expired - Lifetime EP1111148B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19962635A DE19962635A1 (de) 1999-12-23 1999-12-23 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Mauertafeln
DE19962635 1999-12-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1111148A1 true EP1111148A1 (fr) 2001-06-27
EP1111148B1 EP1111148B1 (fr) 2005-06-15

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EP00128260A Expired - Lifetime EP1111148B1 (fr) 1999-12-23 2000-12-22 Dispositif pour fabriquer des panneaux muraux

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EP (1) EP1111148B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE298023T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19962635A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003039829A2 (fr) * 2001-11-06 2003-05-15 Fnb Pflasterbau Gmbh Dispositif et procede pour le façonnage mecanique de pierres, notamment de paves
US6868847B2 (en) * 2002-06-17 2005-03-22 Dieter Ainedter Method and apparatus for producing wall panels
DE102008039919A1 (de) * 2008-08-27 2010-03-04 Udo Nagl Vorgefertigte Ziegeleinheit
CN106493849A (zh) * 2016-12-20 2017-03-15 惠安盛泽建材有限公司 一种带有运送装置的制砖机
CN107654078A (zh) * 2017-11-29 2018-02-02 贵州兴贵恒远新型建材有限公司 一种砌块装配式墙体的移动砌墙设备
CN114670326A (zh) * 2022-04-29 2022-06-28 山东铁信建设集团有限公司 一种变形矫正的装配式建筑零件用检测装置及检测方法

Families Citing this family (6)

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ITMI20040309U1 (it) * 2004-06-23 2004-09-23 Dario Toncelli Macchina per la lavorazione di materiale in lastre in particolare di materiale lapideo naturale materiale ceramico e conglomerato
DE102008005491B4 (de) 2008-01-22 2022-02-03 Hans-Peter Hagenmüller Verfahren zur Herstellung eines transportablen vorgefertigten Verbundwandelementes aus Schalungssteinen
DE102007032397B4 (de) 2007-07-10 2021-11-04 Hans-Peter Hagenmüller Verfahren zur Herstellung eines transportablen vorgefertigten Gebäudewandelements aus Schalungssteinen
DE102015108986A1 (de) * 2015-06-08 2016-12-08 REDBLOC Beteiligungsgesellschaft m. b. H. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Fertigbauteilen und Lagenbildungseinrichtung zur Verwendung in einem solchen Verfahren
CN113580357B (zh) * 2021-08-17 2022-10-04 德州海天机电科技有限公司 一种多功能预应力滑模机生产线
BE1030181B1 (nl) * 2022-01-13 2023-08-16 Birghen Degroote Werkwijze voor de vervaardiging van een prefabwand

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EP0495525A2 (fr) * 1991-01-18 1992-07-22 Harmony Holdings Limited Dispositif et procédé pour fabriquer des pièces de mur ou des tableaux muraux à l'aide de pierres de construction
DE4433156A1 (de) 1994-09-17 1996-03-21 Konrad Hofmann Vorrichtung zum Erstellen von Wandungsabschnitten aus Porensteinen
EP0459525B1 (fr) 1990-06-01 1996-11-13 Mercian Corporation Gènes codant pour une enzyme d'acylation d'antibiotiques macrolides en position 3

Patent Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0459525B1 (fr) 1990-06-01 1996-11-13 Mercian Corporation Gènes codant pour une enzyme d'acylation d'antibiotiques macrolides en position 3
EP0495525A2 (fr) * 1991-01-18 1992-07-22 Harmony Holdings Limited Dispositif et procédé pour fabriquer des pièces de mur ou des tableaux muraux à l'aide de pierres de construction
DE4433156A1 (de) 1994-09-17 1996-03-21 Konrad Hofmann Vorrichtung zum Erstellen von Wandungsabschnitten aus Porensteinen

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003039829A2 (fr) * 2001-11-06 2003-05-15 Fnb Pflasterbau Gmbh Dispositif et procede pour le façonnage mecanique de pierres, notamment de paves
WO2003039829A3 (fr) * 2001-11-06 2003-10-30 Fnb Pflasterbau Gmbh Dispositif et procede pour le façonnage mecanique de pierres, notamment de paves
US6868847B2 (en) * 2002-06-17 2005-03-22 Dieter Ainedter Method and apparatus for producing wall panels
DE102008039919A1 (de) * 2008-08-27 2010-03-04 Udo Nagl Vorgefertigte Ziegeleinheit
CN106493849A (zh) * 2016-12-20 2017-03-15 惠安盛泽建材有限公司 一种带有运送装置的制砖机
CN106493849B (zh) * 2016-12-20 2018-08-14 惠安网信通技术开发有限公司 一种带有运送装置的制砖机
CN107654078A (zh) * 2017-11-29 2018-02-02 贵州兴贵恒远新型建材有限公司 一种砌块装配式墙体的移动砌墙设备
CN107654078B (zh) * 2017-11-29 2024-04-19 盛德力建筑工程(广东)有限公司 一种砌块装配式墙体的移动砌墙设备
CN114670326A (zh) * 2022-04-29 2022-06-28 山东铁信建设集团有限公司 一种变形矫正的装配式建筑零件用检测装置及检测方法
CN114670326B (zh) * 2022-04-29 2024-05-07 山东铁信建设集团有限公司 一种变形矫正的装配式建筑零件用检测装置及检测方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19962635A1 (de) 2001-07-05
ATE298023T1 (de) 2005-07-15
DE50010555D1 (de) 2005-07-21
EP1111148B1 (fr) 2005-06-15

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