EP1111148B1 - Dispositif pour fabriquer des panneaux muraux - Google Patents

Dispositif pour fabriquer des panneaux muraux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1111148B1
EP1111148B1 EP00128260A EP00128260A EP1111148B1 EP 1111148 B1 EP1111148 B1 EP 1111148B1 EP 00128260 A EP00128260 A EP 00128260A EP 00128260 A EP00128260 A EP 00128260A EP 1111148 B1 EP1111148 B1 EP 1111148B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bricks
cut
cutting
line
stones
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP00128260A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1111148A1 (fr
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Coserv & Management Sa
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Coserv & Management Sa
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Publication of EP1111148A1 publication Critical patent/EP1111148A1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/041—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres composed of a number of smaller elements, e.g. bricks, also combined with a slab of hardenable material
    • E04C2/042—Apparatus for handling the smaller elements or the hardenable material; bricklaying machines for prefabricated panels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for Production of wall panels according to the preamble of the claim 1.
  • Wall panels are factory-made according to the blueprints of the wall to be built from prefabricated bricks, transported to the respective construction site and there assembled to the building to be created.
  • DE 44 33 156 A1 discloses a method for producing wall panels known in which the stones in a position of the wall panels to be set on scratch and while on one side the wall panel are aligned in each case. To the creation of a wall panel this will not on the aligned side cut to nominal size. This is what happens relatively high proportion of waste. In windows, bay windows, Slopes and the like must be the subsequent Also cut and dispose of the cut remnants manually be performed.
  • EP 0 495 525 B1 discloses a process for the preparation of Wall panels are known in which each brick alone on one Pallet is deposited as it corresponds to its subsequent installation, the pallets being in the order of installation of the Stones corresponding manner on a continuous conveyor deposed and from this to a wall portal be transported, where they are with a longitudinal direction of the Wall movable, computer-controlled Versetzgreifer detected and brought to a predicted position.
  • To cut the cut stones are one or two stone saws provided with a robot that is capable of one Turn the stone around two axes, making it the saw in the to supply required orientation.
  • the stones destacked with a discharge robot from the stone package, then deposited on a conveyor line and isolated. The whole stones are the displacement robot over a long conveyor line fed directly.
  • To be cut stones are over a Switches fed to a separate conveyor line and in a own saw cut to size (right-angled cut).
  • One Sawing robot removes the right angles cut stones individually from the stone saw and place it on a buffer tape from.
  • the stones to be cut become a second cut Stone saw in the appropriate cutting position of the sawing robot, which has a total of five axes, fed, then they are from a top-acting jaw clamped against the cutting table and cut and if necessary once again turned turned and in a second cutting plane cut. After sawing will be relaxed again and the cut stone grabbed by a claw, him transported to an intermediate storage, from where he was using the gripping device at the relevant point of the row of bricks the line-up is added.
  • the object of the invention is to increase the production capacity of a automatic plant for the production of highly structured ones To increase wall panels significantly.
  • Bricks can be damaged by shrinkage during drying and the like have significant tolerances.
  • a middle one Brick measure is determined, the cut on basis of the average brick measure is performed and the bricks under correction of the difference between mean and measured Masonry dimensions by pulling apart the bricks be strung in the line-up.
  • the cut based on the average brick measure causes a rough compensation of stone tolerances.
  • the fine balance will be by pulling apart the bricks to be lined up causes. With the pulling apart is only the deviation the actually measured measures of the averaged Value on the basis of which the cut was made corrected.
  • the bricks stacks of stone packets by a de-stacking gripper further promoted and measured, the survey preferably during unstacking and / or onward transport is carried to the Aukehumble.
  • the length of the bricks is determined during the survey.
  • the zuzuTBden stones are preferably in stock cut and stored in a buffer.
  • the wall panel lines are then the crop-free Whole stones merged with the cached cut stones.
  • the uncut Stones from the stone package conveyed directly to the line-up, while the stones to be cut the corresponding Cutting station to be supplied.
  • the cut stones in a buffer may be the blank the bricks in the cutting station quasi-continuous respectively.
  • the time-consuming cutting can namely time-delayed in a phase in which for the straight wall panel line to be edited no cut stone required becomes.
  • the buffer may be formed by a conveyor belt.
  • the fine correction of the Nursing Littlenden wall panel line the pulling apart of the individual bricks is preferred during the transport of bricks to the line-up especially while being carried out by one Entstapelgreifer are gripped, which in the form of Steinstones supplied unstacked bricks.
  • the transport and Holding device preferably only the cropped or Cut stones moves while the cut-free or whitstones through the unstacking gripper directly onto the line-up be placed.
  • the zuzuterden are preferably Bricks with the transport and holding device moved below the saw, so from the bottom of the Transport and holding device taken.
  • the zuzuschnende bricks are in the in the transport and holding device clamped state cut in the required cutting planes, i.e., the Clamping jaws of the transport and holding device are for clamping the bricks to be cut at the cutting station educated.
  • the zuzuschnende bricks in a single cutting station that has a universal saw be tailored.
  • the saw will preferably be required Axes swung, that is, the saw becomes relative turned to the stone. This one can in a single position being held. Turning the stone is avoided.
  • each brick to be cut one by one into different ones Cutting stations moved in which different cuts be performed.
  • Different stones can be cut at the same time.
  • first Cutting station in a first Cutting station the height and / or the top profile and in a second cutting station the length and / or the side contour tailored to the zuzuschchnende bricks.
  • first cutting station can make bevel cuts, as with bricks for pitched roofs are required or L-sections for window corners and the like.
  • height cuts be made to a desired height of the corresponding Create wall line.
  • second cutting station then the particular at curbs a wall panel line required front side cuts executed.
  • L-cuts can be made as follows become: In a first horizontal saw (height saw) becomes the first cut made in the second cutting station the 90 ° rotated second cut is made.
  • the bricks of a wall panel line can then before the last cutting station are pushed together and the first and / or last brick of the line will depend on the Length of collapsed brick line cut to length. tolerances The processed bricks are therefore irrelevant. The actual size of the brick row is decisive for the Crosscut and the bricks are actually on tailored to desired length.
  • the actual length of the individual bricks can be, for example grasped during gripping the bricks of the brick packages and are taken into account by the control unit for the cutting station become.
  • the control of the cutting station takes place in the manner described above on the basis of averaged length of the bricks of a batch, plus a tolerance of wengen mm for outliers.
  • the mortar or binder for walling the individual Bricks can be applied in different ways.
  • the mortar from a mortar carriage be applied to the wall in progress, before the next brick line is put on.
  • adhesive mortar are applied, then preferably the gripped Brick line over a roller with adhesive mortar emotional. This has the advantage that the required time for the mortar job can not be a bottleneck.
  • the brick line across the wall direction Moving over the roller can be a particularly quick mortar application be achieved.
  • the bricks of one for destacking the packages provided destacking gripper immediately of brick packets on the conveyor line given or the Line-up supplied.
  • the unstacking gripper realizes three functions at the same time, namely, the unstacking of delivered brick packages, on the other hand measuring the réellemauernden Bricks and beyond the fine adjustment or the fine balance of the dimensional tolerances of the bricks.
  • the unstacking gripper has expediently longitudinal gripper for gripping a brick row of a masonry block in Longitudinal direction and cross gripper for individually gripping each one Brick of a row of bricks.
  • the cross grippers are preferably for pulling apart the bricks of a Gripped row formed movable in the longitudinal direction.
  • the brick row through the Longitudinal grippers are used in weggeschwenkten cross grippers.
  • the cross grippers can be moved, to align the bricks accordingly.
  • the measuring device detects the distance of the Longitudinal gripper, the length of the gripped brick row corresponds while this is gripped by the unstacking gripper.
  • the distance between the longitudinal gripper therefore preferably corresponds to Length of a parcel row.
  • the unstacking gripper is from the delivery station, in which the brick packages are sold, to the redesignatrecke, with the at least one cutting station, and too the Aukahpiece, movable. This can be done with the unstacking gripper both the cutting station and the Aukahpiece to be served.
  • several can Entstapelgreifer be provided, for example, a to Operation of the conveyor line or conveyor lines for cutting and a second, which can be moved to Aukahshare is.
  • a measuring device for measuring the bricks and a control device provided, wherein the control device is designed such that it out the measured Mauersteinputen a medium brick measure determines and drives the cutting station, so this on Basis of the average brick measure which cuts the bricks.
  • a controllable by the controller positioning can be used to pull the aukaihenden Bricks according to the difference of the detected and be provided medium brick measurements. It is to Transport of the bricks from the stone packets to the conveyor line or the Aukahstecke provided a Entstapelgreifer, in the measuring device and / or the positioning is integrated.
  • the unstacking gripper has longitudinal grippers for gripping a brick row in the longitudinal direction and gripper for gripping a single brick one Brick row on, with the transverse grippers in the longitudinal direction are designed to be movable.
  • the measuring device detects the distance of the longitudinal grippers from each other.
  • a single cutting station provided with a universal saw, or their saw blade around several axes is pivotable.
  • the pivotability is designed such that the bricks to be cut in different, the necessary cutting planes to be cut can.
  • several Cutting stations in succession along a winningstrekke be provided in which the bricks in succession several cutting planes are cut to size. Every cutting station is designed for a different cutting plane.
  • the cutting stations are interconnected by the conveyor and cause the cutting in several levels in the Pass of the bricks.
  • the series arrangement of several Cutting stations allows all required cutting forms without the use of an expensive, clock-inhibiting Robot to position the stones.
  • the transport and holding device to cut the Stone grabs, transported to the cutting station (s), around the stone in the transport and holding device clamped To trim the condition at the cutting station (s), can be designed in different ways.
  • two conveyor grippers can also travel along the conveyor line be movable, which overtake each other can. While a conveyor gripper with his jaws holds the stone in the cutting station, seizes the second Conveyor gripper with his jaws the stone. The first Conveyor gripper can now release the stone and drive back, to get the next stone to be cut should.
  • the conveying gripper (s) can be one of the length have a corresponding length of package.
  • as transport and holding device provided at least one articulated robot, who grabs the bricks to be cut, and without recourse to cutting speed of the cutting station feeds, and, if necessary, in the same clamp in cuts several cutting planes.
  • the saw can if necessary be formed stationary.
  • the of The "hand" of the articulated robotic robot repositioned gripped stone and rotated to reach different cutting planes. Even with this variant does not have to be recaptured, to perform cuts in several levels. It can but also a universal saw with several cutting planes be used.
  • At least one of the cutting stations is one Pivoting device assigned for pivoting the cutting planes,
  • the transport and holding device including the jaws in the area of the cutting station be formed pivotable or tiltable.
  • the conveyor is in the area of the cutting station interrupted and a tilting table for tilting the bricks in provided the cutting station, the jaws on the Tilting table are movable and can be tilted together with this.
  • the Tilting table is preferably tiltable by at least 90 °, so that Sections in mutually perpendicular planes, as for example in L-sections are needed to be attached can.
  • a greater freedom in the cut can thereby be achieved that the saw blade or other cutting means each cutting station pivotable about at least one axis is.
  • the cutting plane can accordingly by pivoting the cutting means and / or by pivoting the brick be adjusted by means of the tilting table.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention has a first cutting station along the conveyor section a height saw with a saw blade in a horizontal plane.
  • the axis of rotation of the saw blade means this, that the saw blade in the initial position of the height saw horizontal arranged or can be brought in such an orientation.
  • the height saw preferably translationally transversely to the conveying path and to be moved.
  • the saw blade can be in a plunge cut be driven in full, making the cutting process considerably is accelerated.
  • the vertical section can also be characterized causes the bricks to be cut along the conveyor line are pushed through the saw blade, wherein the saw blade - apart from its rotary cutting motion - can stand still. This cut is special for a whole wall line whose height is being drawn must, efficiently.
  • the bricks of the entire line can pushed one after the other through the hacksaw without removing the saw blade and the cutting process to interrupt.
  • the coolant especially water, is due to the centrifugal force promoted by the rotating saw blade and occurs in the Saw teeth from the saw blade.
  • This coolant supply has independent of the aforementioned features of the device special advantages and increases the stability of the cutting blade essential.
  • the channels arranged in a star shape for cooling fluid supply.
  • the channels can be covered to the outside and inside of the saw blade, with multi-layer saw blades in particular in the core layer of the saw blade, wherein provided the exit opening of the channel in the sawtooth area is. As a result, the coolant is targeted in the cutting area guided.
  • At least one of the cutting stations can be a swivel device have for pivoting the cutting planes.
  • the Cutting station can be a saw with a saw blade, which can be swiveled and / or moved in several axes is.
  • a second cutting station a cross-cut saw, in particular a vertically deliverable chop saw, with a saw blade in a vertical plane.
  • a cross-cut saw in particular a vertically deliverable chop saw
  • the saw blade cuts this immediately into the full and achieves a significantly higher cutting performance than one Portal saw, when cutting the bricks always first would start cutting at one edge of the stone.
  • the cutting plane of the second cutting station in advantageously pivotable about a vertical axis.
  • the described embodiments with more than a single Cutting station have the advantage that very high system performance are reachable. In contrast, owns the execution with only a single cutting station the advantage essential smaller size. For another, for most If the reachable amount of cut stone is sufficient, because of the most impulsive attack of a type of cut, such as the vertical section at the top wall panel line, the second saw is not needed.
  • the cutting station can followed by a buffer for the cut bricks be.
  • the cutting station can be quasi-continuous cut, even if no cut stones needed. It can be cut to stock become. If non-tolerance stones, e.g. out Processed sand-lime brick, can be on devices for tolerance compensation be waived.
  • the Aukahpiece preceded by a buffer for blank brickwork This can in particular between the cutting station downstream cut stone buffer and the Aukahpiece be arranged.
  • a buffer a lifting table used as a buffer.
  • the unstacking gripper can accordingly always settle all gripped stones.
  • the just not needed bricks are using the lifting table lowered, so that only the remaining stones of the destacking gripper gripped brick row on the line-up be lined up.
  • the conveyor line is advantageously a buffer for cutting Stones upstream.
  • the buffer can have multiple compartments each having whitestones or partial stones respectively have different sizes.
  • this buffer has at least three compartments, one for Whole stones, one for half stones and one e.g. for 1/3 Stones.
  • the production of wall panels can be fully automatic with high production capacity and accuracy be made of wall panels of any configuration, especially from wall panels with Novaund Door openings.
  • the invention sawing and lining up two temporally decoupled processes.
  • an automatic Parcel crane provided by the common control device is controlled.
  • the performance of the device according to the invention can thereby be increased when two parallel cutting lines with are each provided a Aukahblaze, the two Aukahfiren on one or the other side of the wall station and are arranged parallel to the same.
  • At least one transport and holding device with the bricks to be cut over the cutting station be fed to the buffer band, at least one be provided with additional transport and holding device the stones along the buffer belt and the line-up are optionally receivable, with the further transport and Holding device raised by at least one stone height and be lifted over lying on the Aukahumble stones can.
  • the lifting of the stones can be done by the Transport gripper of the transport and holding device vertically sliding jaws with a corresponding drive have.
  • the at least one transport and holding device can therefore for transporting the zuzudicden stones along the conveyor line be provided to the buffer, and the at least one further transport and holding device for transporting cut stones from the buffer to the Aukahumble.
  • the Line-up track can be through a conveyor belt or transport rollers be formed.
  • the apparatus shown in Fig. 1 for the production of wall panels has a warehouse 1, in which the bricks to be processed in the form of palleted brick packages 2 from the Brick factory to be delivered.
  • the position of the individual Bricks packages 2 in the camp 1 is from a non-illustrated Data processing system saved.
  • Corresponding The stone type needed will be brick packages 2 in the work area parked by two Entstapelgreifern 3 and 8.
  • a buffer 28, 29 with three compartments is provided, namely one for whole stones, one for half stones and one for 1/3 stones.
  • those on a truck from the brickyard coming brick packets 2 with a not shown automated stacker crane from the truck unloaded and stored in warehouse 1.
  • the stone packages. 2 of the desired stone type automatically removed and provided in the work area of Entstapelgreifer 3 and 8.
  • Only a Entstapelgreifer is possible.
  • the provision of the brick blocks 2 from the camp. 1 is preferably carried out with an automatic, not shown Package crane. This has the advantage that the brick packages 2 provided at the required speed can be, so that a stoppage of the wall device due to not timely nach Hälbieter brick packages 2 is prevented.
  • the corresponding Saved staff to provide the brick packages.
  • the bricks 9 on the desired format cut are from the conveyor line 4 to an adjoining Line 5 passed, from which they turn into wall panels 7 walled up in the wall station 7a.
  • the of the conveyor line 4 upcoming cut stones are on the line-up 5 merged with uncut bricks, by means of the further Entstapelgreifers 8 directly from the provided brick package 2 on the Aukahnote 5 are given.
  • the unstacking gripper 3 or the identical gripper 8 engages with its longitudinal grippers 32 and cross jaws 31 (Fig. 5) line by line in the masonry block 2 arranged bricks 9th and sets it on the conveyor line 4 from.
  • the conveyor line 4 may be formed as a chute 10.
  • a transport and holding device 12 with a Conveyor gripper 13 provided (Fig. 4).
  • the conveying gripper 13 which is movable along the conveying path 4, has Pair of jaws 14, 14 a, which surround the brick 9 and clamp in transversely to the conveying direction.
  • the jaws 14, 14a are below the conveyor section 4 of the conveyor gripper 13, which is arranged on below the conveying path 4 Rails 27, 27a runs (FIG. 4).
  • the conveyor gripper 13 each comprises two slides with wheels and preferably separated on each side of a stand 16 driven actuators provided with a positioning device, the appropriately trained guideway or Running rail 27, 27 a from both sides firmly and along this run.
  • the conveying gripper 13 is in two parts, the two parts on the two sides of the stand 16, which also carries the conveyor line 4, so the chute 10, run (Fig. 4).
  • adjustable guide rails in the transverse direction of the conveyor section with powered conveyor carriages running on it be provided.
  • clamping devices integrated Fig. 12
  • FIG. 1 and 2a Along the conveyor line 4 are shown in FIG. 1 and 2a two Cutting stations 19 and 20 are provided, which the bricks 9 crop to the desired format.
  • the first cutting station 19, as seen in the conveying direction, comprises a height saw 21, which is designed as a height-adjustable circular saw is ( Figures 3 and 4).
  • the circular saw blade 22 of the saw 21 is arranged in a horizontal plane.
  • the height saw 21 is transverse to the conveying direction, as shown in FIG. 2a so of left to right, moved back and forth to dip in to cut into the full of bricks 9.
  • the stones 9 can also be in non-moving height saw 21 on the conveyor line 4 by the previously positioned accordingly Saw blade 22 are pushed through. hereby can especially be used for sawing whole stone rows achieve high cutting performance.
  • the bricks 9 are with the height saw 21 directly on the conveyor section 4 lying cut, further handling steps are not necessary.
  • the conveyor line or chute 4 serves as a cutting table in the cutting station 19.
  • the bricks 9 are thereby from the jaws 14 in the corresponding Cut position brought and clamped in this.
  • To the cutting process promotes the transport and holding device 12 the cut, clamped in the jaws 14, 14a Brick 9 continues.
  • the bricks to be cut 9 are thus of the jaws 14, 14 a of the transport and Holding device 12 taken along the conveying path. 4 moved to the cutting station 19 with the height saw 21, in the Cutting station 19 cut in the same clamping and in the same clamping continued. A repositioning of the bricks 9 for the cutting process is not necessary.
  • the transport and holding device can consist of two conveyor grippers. During the one Gripper holds the stone in the saw, the second can suitable for overtaking conveying gripper grab the stone. Of the first conveyor grapple can now release the stone and back to get the next stone.
  • the conveyor line 4 interrupted in the cutting station 19.
  • the stones run over a tilting table 23 (Fig. 3), which is about a horizontal axis transverse to the conveying direction the conveyor section 4 can be tilted and the stones brings in the desired angle.
  • the tilting table 23 is while tilting by at least +/- 45 °, so that stones 9 for Sloping roof walls can be cut, tilted in another embodiment by 90 °, so that cuts in mutually perpendicular planes are feasible.
  • the movable transport and holding device according to FIG. 3 is powered by a moving drive, which is supported on a rack 17.
  • the guideway 27 is partly stationary, partly together with the tilting table 23 tiltable.
  • the transport and holding device is in the Able to drive from the stationary to the tilting part.
  • the tilting table 23 has a base 36, which is formed substantially plate-shaped, on. At the two ends of the pad 36 are transverse to the conveying direction extending axes 38, 39 fixed. These axes rest in associated with the stands 35 bearing shells. To swing up the tilting table is the upper part of the bearing shell, which located opposite the respective pivot axis, folded away, so that the pad 36 like a wing in the manner of a Book cover can be opened.
  • the tilting table 23 rests on the side of the pivoting axis 38 the corresponding stand 35 and can be lifted from this while the other side of the tilting table 23 with the other stand 35 pivotable about a pivot axis 39, However, not connected to a lift.
  • the tilting table 23 has two pivoting drives 40, 41, which the Support 37 relative to the base 36 about the pivot axis 38th pivot or the pad 36 together with the support 37 pivot about the fixed pivot axis 39.
  • the quarter-turn actuators each have drive pinion 42, with the swivels 43 cooperate, which with the base 36 or the support 37 are firmly connected and circular arc bend around the respective pivot axis 38 and 39, respectively.
  • the height saw 21 also in an axis parallel adjustable to the conveying direction.
  • the transport and holding device 12 can with the clamping jaws 14 in the non-tilted state of the tilting table 23 over run it and tilt it together with the tilting table, so that even when tilting the bricks 9 of these Jaws 14 are held and clamped and thus a Hooping the stones 9 is not required.
  • the two may be necessary for an L-cut Also cuts in two different cutting stations be carried out so that no tilting of the brick 9th is required.
  • the height-saw 21 is also pivotable is trained.
  • the height-saw 21 about a tilt axis of the tilting table 23 vertical vertical Axis be tilted formed.
  • the saw blade 22 can be constructed in three layers, in particular, it may have a central copper body, which is clad with steel to provide adequate noise insulation to reach.
  • Particularly advantageous can be the saw blade 22 with the running inside the cooling channels make by placing in the central copper body the star-shaped milled running channels and then the Steel plates are placed on the copper body, causing the cooling channels are closed.
  • the saw blade 22 of the height saw 21 may have such a saw blade cooling, so with radial channels in the saw blade, through which a cooling fluid to Saw teeth on the periphery of the saw blade can be fed.
  • a cooling fluid to Saw teeth on the periphery of the saw blade can be fed.
  • a chop saw 24 is provided, the circular saw blade 25 is in a vertical plane extends.
  • the chop saw 24 is a pivoting vertical axis, so that the saw blade 25 not only in the direction shown in Fig. 2 to the conveying direction at right angles arranged position, but also in an inclined position for Miter angle cuts operable (see 24a in Fig. 1).
  • the chop saw 24 is movable up and down in the vertical direction, so that the cut or cross cuts drove into full can be. This will be a much larger Cutting performance achieved (Fig. 6, right side).
  • Fig. 6, right side would that be Saw blade 25 in the cutting station 20 horizontally across Conveyed direction, as in a portal saw the case is and in Fig. 6 on the left for comparison initially only one corner would be displayed of the brick 9 are cut so that only a reduced Cutting performance would be achievable.
  • a turntable can also be provided be that of the bricks to be cut relative to the alignment of the saw blade 25 about a vertical axis can be used to set the desired miter angle.
  • the chop saw 24 can also be a vertical Be pivotable axis so that oblique Kapp Songse feasible are.
  • the pivot axis of the chop saw 24 is here within the stop edge of the conveyor section 4. This only needs a gap for the passage of the saw blade 25 in all angular positions own, as Fig. 3e shows.
  • the saw 24 may suitably on a pivot arm 36th be hinged, with the saw blade 25 or the whole Chop saw 24 is movable up and down to Kapp Songse in full to drive, as shown in Fig. 3d.
  • the transport and holding device of two conveyor grippers consist.
  • the first conveyor gripper can now release the stone and get back to fetching the next Drive Steines.
  • the cutting stations 19 and 20 are not closer by one controlled central control unit, namely preferably as a function of the detected actual dimensions of the bricks 9.
  • the stones accordingly longer or shorter cut, the current Length of the row of stones, which lifted off the brick blocks 2 is measured while gripped by the unstacking gripper 8 becomes. This is especially the current distance the gripper jaws 32 measured after clamping the rows of stones.
  • FIG. 5 shows the unstacking gripper 3 in detail. He owns preferably a gripper pair 32, which in the longitudinal direction the brick rows 9 of a brick package 2 attacks as well several gripper pairs 31 transversely thereto. This can be a brick row taken in the longitudinal direction of the series and gripped and then - preferably in the air - be resorted to. It can be either all or just individual Bricks 9 a number of a brick block 2 deposed become.
  • the longitudinal grippers 32 pivotally a carrier 45 of the unstacking 8 is articulated. through the longitudinal gripper 32 can be separated from a masonry block 2 (FIG. 1) a whole row of bricks are taken, with the bricks 9 of a series are pressed against each other.
  • the transverse jaws 31 of the unstacking gripper 3 and 8 engage transversely to the gripping direction of the longitudinal gripper 32 and are also pivotally hinged to the carrier 45. You can in particular be swung upwards so that they are gripping a brick row on the stone package are not in the way.
  • the jaws of the transverse grippers 31 are longitudinal, that is movable in the gripping direction of the longitudinal gripper 32, in pairs synchronously, so that of the cross grippers 31 gripped bricks at wegumbleen longitudinal grippers 32 can be pulled apart.
  • the direction of travel the transverse gripper 31 is indicated in FIG. 5 by the reference numeral 46 marked.
  • the transverse grippers 31 are along the carrier 45, wherein they by pinion 17 a in a rack 17b extending along the support 45 engage, be driven.
  • the location of a gripped stone row can be to the central axis the Entstapelgreifers 3, 8 be moved.
  • the actual Location can be determined from the measurement of the angle of the longitudinal gripper 32 become.
  • To settle the gripped bricks are the target coordinates for the Entstapelgreifer 3, 8 accordingly corrected the measured deviation.
  • the length measures of the destacking gripper 3, 8 determined unstacked bricks 9 become the central control unit fed. This determines from this after surcharge of a tolerance measure for overlong stones a middle stone length. Here, the value of the average stone length can successively be corrected the more stones have been unstacked.
  • the cutting stations 19, 20, the blank perform the bricks 9. The cut in particular the Kapp songs the bricks 9 thus takes place in Dependency of the determined stone length.
  • the deviation of mean stone length of the actually measured stone length is in stringing the bricks 9 in the Aukahumble 5 taken into account.
  • the de-stacking gripper 8 directly on the Aukehpiece 5 given whole stones through the cross jaws 31 pulled apart.
  • the exact length you want Wall panel line is so on the one hand by appending a Thomassteines and on the other hand by pulling the Reached stones from each row of bricks taken from the parcel. With the pulling apart, however, only the through the cut stones not compensated stone tolerances balanced.
  • the whole stones 6 are thus of the stack gripper 8 in the required number stored directly on the Auokband 5. Toward less than the entire amount of whole stones that the Entstapelgreifer 8 has taken from the package 2, is required the remainder is stored on the lowering buffer 47. Will now be in the episode If a cut stone is required, it will be treated with the transport and holding device 34 received by the buffer 47 and attached to the line 5 on the previously deposited whole stones. Before the filing of each stone is the line-up 5 clocked by the measure of the stone length of the next stones.
  • the subsequent feeding of cut stones allowed a maximum utilization of the cutting stations and accordingly a very efficient stone feeder.
  • the immediate Filing of the whole stones on the line 5 shortest way from the stone package 2, without lying there Conveyors, brings a high dimensional accuracy in the Positioning of the stones.
  • a lowering buffer 47 may be arranged, which as a buffer serves for the cut-free whole stones.
  • the unstacking gripper 8 can then always have an entire row of bricks Grab 9 from the brick set 2 and set down. Become but only one for the newly erected Mauersteinlage or two bricks are needed, which are not needed Bricks on the lowering buffer 47 before the beginning of the line Aukahdeck 5 filed. The two are not required according to FIG. 7 Whole stones 9 are lowered with the lowering buffer 47 and thus cleared the way for one at the conveyor line 4 cut stone, as will be explained. If then again a whole stone is needed, the lowering buffer rises 47, and the curbed stones are lined up on the band of the line 5.
  • the sinking buffer 47 is optional, that is, without it, the unstacking gripper needs to be 8 unused whole stones next to the conveyor line 4 store temporarily.
  • a particular advantage is that with the described Method and the device described without reduction the production of small stones are processed can, for example, 25 cm long bricks, the Cutting only little waste.
  • the same Performance is achieved because of the unstacking 3 or 8 always an entire row of stones from the stack 2 or 2a, 2b ... removes. Whether, for example 2 x 50 cm long or 4 x 25 cm long Stones are taken, does not affect the performance.
  • the number of grippers 31 is chosen so large how the maximum number of stones per row is. Also at vertical cuts results from shorter stones no increase in Cutting time when the conveyor gripper 13 and its jaws 14, 14a as long as a package row is or are.
  • the bricks 9 of the packages 2 can be a specific Height (for example, 25 cm) have. As many individually cut bricks horizontal in height must be less than the standard height of a whole stone is and as many stones are cut to length in one length must be less than the standard length of the stones is, it is advantageous to avoid stone waste, more Stone packets 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d in the grip area of the unstacking gripper 3 and 8 off, the lower height or Length, in particular half the height of the bricks 9 of the packages 2 own.
  • a buffer 29 for stones to be cut added to the waste during Cut as small as possible.
  • a possible education consists of a corresponding to the double arrow 28 movable sliding table 29 with rake-shaped stone shelves about 10 cm wide.
  • the individual to the conveyor line. 4 open tines are for each different stone dimensions intended. From destacking robot are on the tines different long and differently high stones stored.
  • the displacement table 29 moves in each case in the position that the tines with the currently needed stones in the run with the conveyor line 4 is.
  • the holding and transport device 12 moves into the tines and takes the needed Stones on.
  • Fig. 1 is to increase the production capacity a optionally usable second cutting line drawn (designations with index a).
  • the Aukahdeckn 5, 5a of the two Cutting lines run parallel to the wall station 7a.
  • the wall station 7a with the Versetzroboter 30 with offset gripper shown with the - at two Cutting lines optional alternatively - the lined bricks from the tape 5 (or 5a) are received and to education a wall 7 on the wall station 7a under previous Incorporation of mortar or other binder bricked up become.
  • Fig. 8 shows the order of the binder.
  • a roller 33 becomes while the gripping robot 30 gripped brick row from the line-up 5 transverse to the axis of the roller 33 moves over the roller 33, in synchronism with the movement of the Brick row driven. This way will be on the Bottom of the brick row time-saving binder applied.
  • the roller 33 is rotatable in a mortar or binder memory 34 received, in which the roller 33 dips, so that by the rotation of the roller 33, the binder or the Mortar on the free top of the roller 33 is promoted (Fig. 8). Characterized in that the brick line across the roller 33 is moved, the binder or the mortar can be very be applied efficiently in a short time.
  • the roller 33 has a length to the maximum length of the on the Line-up line 5 lined up brick row corresponds.
  • An embodiment of the invention differs from the previously described embodiment in principle, that instead of the two cutting stations only one Cutting station 50 is provided (Fig. 2b, 9, 10, 12).
  • the Cutting station 50 has a universal saw 51, with all required cuts can be performed.
  • the saw 51 is pivotable at the end of a vertical robot axis 52 ( Figure 9).
  • the pivot axis 53 of the saw 51 stands here perpendicular to the vertical robot axis 52.
  • the Saw 51 on the one hand along the vertical axis 52 up and be moved.
  • the saw 51 about the vertical Axis 52 turned and in any angular positions to be brought.
  • the saw 51 relative to the vertical Carrier 54 pivoted or in an alternative embodiment can also the entire vertical support 54 is rotated become.
  • the vertical support 54 is on a portal 55 attached, which in turn is movable.
  • the horizontal portal 55 forms the diagonal a turntable 56 and can through the turntable 56 in any Angular positions are brought.
  • the vertical carrier 54 may also be movable along the portal 55. On this way, the saw 51 can be brought into any position become; all cuts required for wall production are feasible.
  • clamped stone 9 can also vertical cuts in the longitudinal direction of the wall, for example for the back wall of Subsequent to be routed electrical Verteilernischen done become.
  • the saw 51 of FIG. 9 to the Swivel axis 53 pivoted so that the saw blade 44 vertically is aligned.
  • such a cut with a vertical section be combined so that a brick with L-shaped Profile can be cut out.
  • FIG. 10 shows.
  • the vertical sections can be used as a plunge cut, in which the saw 51 is delivered along the vertical axis 52, be performed.
  • the saw 51 together with the vertical axis 52 along the horizontal Axis 55 moved and thus driven into the brick 9 become.
  • FIG. 1 and 9 To a continuous operation of the cutting stations 19, 20 and 50 is shown in FIG. 1 and 9 in development the invention, the cutting stations 19, 20 and the Cutting station 50, a buffer in the form of a buffer belt 57th downstream, to which the cut stones 9a are given.
  • the cut stones are then on the Line 5 given and there with the cut-free whole stones merged.
  • a quasi-continuous Operation of the cutting station 50 can be achieved. This is an advantage because the cutting of the stones is time consuming and the timing of the cutting station 50 is substantially the same Clock of the wall device determined. The cutting of bricks takes place synchronously with the stringing of the remaining ones Stones of a wall panel line, so that saved processing time can be.
  • the buffer band 57 may consist of two parallel strands and thereby be adjustable in width.
  • the cut stones will be on the buffer belt 57 to the last parked on it Stone promoted and stored on the buffer belt 57.
  • the ribbon each continues as soon as the downstream end of the buffer belt 57, a stone was removed.
  • the transport and holding device can also by a Articulated robot be formed.
  • a Articulated robot be formed.
  • the delivered in the package Stones first in a not shown here Form isolated.
  • An illustrated in Fig. 13 and 14 Articulated robot 65 then engages with one at the end of his rotary hand 66 attached gripper 67 the stone to be cut. 9 and feeds it to the saw 68 with the saw blade 25.
  • the saw 68 is preferably stationary, wherein the articulated robot 65th moved the stone 9 at cutting speed. After completion a first cut and return of the stone from the saw 68 until it is free, without the gripper 67 to open the rotary hand 66 according to the desired new one Cutting plane rotated and the stone in the second desired Cutting plane again the saw 68 with cutting speed fed.
  • the articulated robot 65 thus takes from the circular segment in Fig. 13 arranged rows arranged radially one behind the other Whole or semi-stones on each stone, turn it into the desired cutting position, lead it in Cutting speed of the stationary saw 68 and provides the cut stone 9 on the Auokband 5, all Movements of the stone with the robot 65, without the gripper 67 is opened, done.
  • the saw can be moved at cutting speed while the articulated robot holding the stone.
  • the central processing unit ensures that the on the buffer belt 57 in the conveying direction foremost cropped Stone 9 is ready when he hits the bricks 9 the Aukahtier 5 is to be added.
  • Fig. 12 is another embodiment of the transport and Holding device shown to the bricks 9 on the To promote conveyor line 4.
  • the transport and holding device 49 of FIG. 12 differs essentially from that of FIG. 4, that on the guide with the rails 63a, 63b, 64a, 64b on both sides of the conveyor line 4 not only ever as Slide trained conveying gripper, each with a clamping beam, but two trained as sled winninggreifern 58a, 58b and 59a, 59b, each with a jaw 61a, 61b and 60a, 60b are guided.
  • the brick 9 can both with the jaws 60a and 60b as well as with the jaws 61a and 61b are clamped.
  • Each guide rail 63a, 63b, 64a, 64b is formed double-railed, so that the Carriage pair 58a, 58b with the jaws 61a, 61b on the one hand and the carriage pair 59a, 59b with the jaws 60a, On the other hand, 60b can overtake.
  • the carriage pairs 53a, 53b and the carriage pairs 59a, 59b are along the guide synchronously movable.
  • the distance between the left and the right side of the Chute 4 according to Fig. 12 may e.g. by means of a rack and pinion gear 48 on the stone width of the bricks to be cut 9 adapted.
  • the two separately controllable right and left clamping jaws 60a, 60b and 61a, 61b which are shown in Fig. 11 in plan view are not aligned in the case of an oblique cut, space for the passage of the saw 51 to the cutting line 71 to let.
  • the jaws 60a, 60b and 61a, 61b become by individually controllable linear positions z. B. in shape from pneumatic cylinders or electromagnetically connected.
  • the jaws 60a, 60b and 61a, 61b are sufficiently long trained to be at the same time a whole row of stones, like them was seized by Entstapelgreifer 3 to transport. They may preferably be approximately one meter long. Slicing is preferably done on the front edge of the Jaws.
  • the jaws 60a, 60b and 61a, 61b become by individually controllable linear adjustments z. B. in shape electromagnetically closed by pneumatic cylinders.
  • a stone is first with the first pair of carriages 58a, 58b transported to the cutting station 50.
  • the second carriage pair 59a, 59b attacks the part of Stone 9, which is to be cut off and thereby fixed the stone to be cut.
  • the first pair of carriages 58a, 58b with the clamping jaws 61a, 61b go and drive back to the next cutting edge, the same Stone or on a next stone can lie.
  • the Jaws 61a, 61b and 60a, 60b of the different carriage pairs 58a, 58b and 59a, 59b can be used with each other or pass through each other (Fig.
  • the jaws 61a, 61b, 60a, 60b can be made height-adjustable, to the gripping of the bricks 9 at different heights to enable. As a result, for example, at a vertical section the upper cut off part of the brick 9 to be gripped after the cut.
  • the guide track 27, 27a for the transport and holding device 12 also up to Line-up stretch 5 extend.
  • 27a is at the end of the buffer belt 57 a transport and holding device 34 with Jaws arranged movably, which has the task, the Removing cut stones from the buffer band 57 and the Auokband 5 in the space provided by the control unit before the To arrange whole stones.
  • a transport and holding device 34 with a pair of jaws generally sufficient. With this pair of jaws can also in Senkpuffer 47 ( Figures 1 and 7) cached whole stones on the line-up 5 are transported as soon as these whole stones again to be used.
  • the stones 9a, 9 are of the transport and holding device 12 parked on the buffer belt 57 Service.
  • the third conveying gripper 34 fulfills the task cut stones 9a at the downstream end of the buffer line 57, via the lowering buffer 47 for whole stones to transport to the line-up line 5 and at its in the wall intended position to line up. Become whitestones either directly from the destacking gripper 32 to its in the wall intended position deposited on the line-5 or partially stored on the sink buffer 47.
  • the third conveyor gripper 34 additionally fulfills the task stored on the lowering buffer 47 Whole stones to the line 5 to transport and to the to line up previously lined stones.
  • One of the conveyor grippers can string bricks or an additional conveying gripper as lifting conveyor gripper be executed.
  • This refers to a transport and Holding device such as 12 or 49, but with the additional function Lift the gripped stone over the line 5 lying stones. This can be a later cut stone be inserted further downstream of the aligning belt 5.
  • Fig. 15 is shown how it possible by rearranging is, from the whole stone shown on the left 9 cut stones 9a, 9b to minimize the waste 9c cut out.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Dispositif de fabrication de panneaux muraux, comportant une voie d'alignement (5, 5a) à laquelle sont amenés les pierres de construction (9) dans un ordre correspondant à leur pose dans le mur, et un dispositif de transport et de retenue (12, 12a ; 49) pour amener les pierres de construction (9) à couper le long d'une voie de convoyage (4) via une station de coupe (19, 20, 24a, 50) vers la voie d'alignement (5, 5a), caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de transport et de retenue présente une glissière de guidage (27, 27a) sur chacun des deux côtés de la voie de transport (4), glissières de guidage sur lesquelles au moins un grappin de convoyage (15 ; 58a, 58b, 59a, 59b) est guidé mobile, lequel est pourvu d'une paire de mâchoires de serrage (14, 14a ; 60a, 60b, 61 a, 61b).
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la station de coupe (24a, 51) présente des moyens de coupe susceptibles de pivoter dans différents plans de coupe.
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de transport et de retenue (12, 49) peut être déplacé pendant la coupe à dimension le long de la voie de convoyage (4) à travers la/les station(s) de coupe (19, 20 ; 24a, 50) et en ce qu'en cas de coupes en hauteur, les pierres sont déplacées tandis que le moyen de coupe est immobile.
  4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la station de coupe (19) présente une scie en hauteur (21) avec une lame de scie (25) dans un plan horizontal.
  5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la station de coupe (20) présente une tronçonneuse avec une lame de scie (25) dans un plan vertical.
  6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu une table basculante (23) pour faire basculer les pierres de construction (9) dans la station de coupe (19).
  7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'entre la voie de convoyage (4) et la voie d'alignement (5, 5a) est prévu un butoir (57) contre lequel les pierres de construction coupées à dimension sont tenues prêtes sur la voie d'alignement (5, 5a) pour être assemblées avec des pierres de construction (9) exemptes de coupe à dimension.
  8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un deuxième dispositif de transport et de retenue qui permet de réceptionner des pierres (9, 9a) depuis le butoir (57) et de les poser sur la voie d'alignement (5, 5a).
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le deuxième dispositif de transport et de retenue peut être soulevé d'au moins une hauteur de pierre pour soulever la pierre réceptionnée au-dessus de pierres posées sur la voie d'alignement (5, 5a).
  10. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le deuxième dispositif de transport et de retenue présente une glissière de guidage sur chacun des deux côtés de la voie d'alignement (5, 5a), glissières de guidage sur lesquelles au moins un grappin de convoyage est guidé mobile, lequel est pourvu d'une paire de mâchoires de serrage.
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 10, caractérisé en ce qu'une paire de grappins de convoyage (58a, 58b, 59a, 59b), susceptibles de se dépasser mutuellement, est agencée mobile le long de la voie de guidage (27, 27a).
  12. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce que les voies de guidage (27, 27a) sont réglables pour être adaptées à la largeur des pierres.
  13. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les paires de mâchoires de serrage (14, 14a ; 60a, 60b, 61 a, 61 b) sont guidées sur le grappin de convoyage (58a, 58b, 59a, 59b) de manière à pouvoir être déplacées à la verticale d'au moins une hauteur de pierre.
  14. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'en amont de la voie de convoyage (40) est placé un butoir (29) pour des pierres (9) à couper.
  15. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par un robot de pose en quinconce (30) pour le transport des pierres de construction (9) alignées sur la voie d'alignement (5, 5a) vers une station de maçonnage (7a) pour dresser les panneaux muraux, et par un rouleau (33) qui applique le mortier ou tout autre liant sur la face inférieur de la rangée de pierres retenues par le robot de pose en quinconce (30) lors du transport depuis la voie d'alignement (5a, 5a) jusqu'à la station de maçonnage (7a).
  16. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu deux chaínes de coupe comportant chacune une voie d'alignement (5, 5a), les deux voies d'alignement (5, 5a) étant agencées de part et d'autre de la station de maçonnerie (7a).
  17. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu une grue automatique pour placer des paquets (2) de pierres de construction (9) dans un stock (1) et pour mettre à disposition les paquets (2, 2a, 2b) respectivement nécessités pour le dépilage en vue de la production du mur, la grue étant commandée par le dispositif de commande.
EP00128260A 1999-12-23 2000-12-22 Dispositif pour fabriquer des panneaux muraux Expired - Lifetime EP1111148B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19962635A DE19962635A1 (de) 1999-12-23 1999-12-23 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Mauertafeln
DE19962635 1999-12-23

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EP1111148A1 EP1111148A1 (fr) 2001-06-27
EP1111148B1 true EP1111148B1 (fr) 2005-06-15

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EP (1) EP1111148B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE298023T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19962635A1 (fr)

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US6868847B2 (en) * 2002-06-17 2005-03-22 Dieter Ainedter Method and apparatus for producing wall panels
ITMI20040309U1 (it) * 2004-06-23 2004-09-23 Dario Toncelli Macchina per la lavorazione di materiale in lastre in particolare di materiale lapideo naturale materiale ceramico e conglomerato
DE102008005491B4 (de) 2008-01-22 2022-02-03 Hans-Peter Hagenmüller Verfahren zur Herstellung eines transportablen vorgefertigten Verbundwandelementes aus Schalungssteinen
DE102007032397B4 (de) 2007-07-10 2021-11-04 Hans-Peter Hagenmüller Verfahren zur Herstellung eines transportablen vorgefertigten Gebäudewandelements aus Schalungssteinen
DE102008039919A1 (de) * 2008-08-27 2010-03-04 Udo Nagl Vorgefertigte Ziegeleinheit
DE102012107735B4 (de) 2012-08-22 2024-11-07 Langenstein & Schemann Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Mauersteinen, insbesondere von mit Installationsschlitzen versehenen Mauersteinen, beispielsweise von Kalksandsteinen
DE102015108986A1 (de) * 2015-06-08 2016-12-08 REDBLOC Beteiligungsgesellschaft m. b. H. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Fertigbauteilen und Lagenbildungseinrichtung zur Verwendung in einem solchen Verfahren
CN106493849B (zh) * 2016-12-20 2018-08-14 惠安网信通技术开发有限公司 一种带有运送装置的制砖机
CN107654078B (zh) * 2017-11-29 2024-04-19 盛德力建筑工程(广东)有限公司 一种砌块装配式墙体的移动砌墙设备
CN113580357B (zh) * 2021-08-17 2022-10-04 德州海天机电科技有限公司 一种多功能预应力滑模机生产线
CN114670326B (zh) * 2022-04-29 2024-05-07 山东铁信建设集团有限公司 一种变形矫正的装配式建筑零件用检测装置及检测方法

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BE1030181B1 (nl) * 2022-01-13 2023-08-16 Birghen Degroote Werkwijze voor de vervaardiging van een prefabwand

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DE19962635A1 (de) 2001-07-05
DE50010555D1 (de) 2005-07-21
ATE298023T1 (de) 2005-07-15
EP1111148A1 (fr) 2001-06-27

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