EP1110033B1 - Brenner für flüssige brennstoffe - Google Patents

Brenner für flüssige brennstoffe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1110033B1
EP1110033B1 EP99936224A EP99936224A EP1110033B1 EP 1110033 B1 EP1110033 B1 EP 1110033B1 EP 99936224 A EP99936224 A EP 99936224A EP 99936224 A EP99936224 A EP 99936224A EP 1110033 B1 EP1110033 B1 EP 1110033B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
flame retention
flame
vaporizing chamber
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99936224A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1110033A1 (de
Inventor
Josef Wüest
Heinz Steiner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toby AG
Original Assignee
Toby AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toby AG filed Critical Toby AG
Publication of EP1110033A1 publication Critical patent/EP1110033A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1110033B1 publication Critical patent/EP1110033B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/40—Mixing tubes or chambers; Burner heads
    • F23D11/406—Flame stabilising means, e.g. flame holders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/44—Preheating devices; Vaporising devices
    • F23D11/441—Vaporising devices incorporated with burners
    • F23D11/443—Vaporising devices incorporated with burners heated by the main burner flame
    • F23D11/445—Vaporising devices incorporated with burners heated by the main burner flame the flame and the vaporiser not coming into direct contact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/44—Preheating devices; Vaporising devices
    • F23D11/441—Vaporising devices incorporated with burners
    • F23D11/448—Vaporising devices incorporated with burners heated by electrical means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burner in the preamble of claim 1 mentioned type.
  • Such burners are advantageous in heating systems of residential and non-residential buildings used.
  • the heat generated by the burner when burning the fuel heats
  • gaseous Fuels like natural gas.
  • the latter are characterized in particular by the fact that their Heat generation over a wide power range is controllable, which in the professional world with Modulability is called.
  • gas burners have favorable values in terms of Pollutant emission.
  • Burners for liquid fuels are widely used. While at firings of Industrial plants burners used for heavy oil, dominate in heating systems in residential and non-residential buildings burners for light fuel oil, in particular such the Type "extra light fuel oil”. Sputtering burners, in which the fuel oil produced by an oil pump is atomized by means of a nozzle and burned directly becomes. Such burners are only available from higher powers, e.g. greater than 100 kW, modulated. Because of structural measures such as better insulation of buildings is in the last two decades of specific heating demand declined. Atomizing burners are only suitable for heating systems with a rated output of 15 kW and more.
  • Evaporator burner created. With them, the fuel is by heat evaporated, then mixed with air and burned. Such burners were first mainly used for burning kerosene or kerosene, because these Fuels have a relatively low evaporation temperature. When kerosene or kerosene, the relevant industry has so-called Evaporator burner created. With them, the fuel is by heat evaporated, then mixed with air and burned. Such burners were first mainly used for burning kerosene or kerosene, because these Fuels have a relatively low evaporation temperature. When kerosene or
  • Burner start in the evaporation chamber by means of an electric heater on the To heat evaporation temperature, but later, when the heater together with Burner has been heated so far that the evaporation of kerosene or Petroleum is maintained by the heat of the heater, the to turn off the electric heater.
  • Electric heater For fuel oil is extra light, however, because of at this fuel much higher evaporation temperature of the continuous operation of the electric heater needed.
  • a burner referred to in the preamble of claim 1 is known from FR-A 1-2 733 579 known. This burner is intended for the combustion of kerosene, it being It seems questionable whether he could also be particularly suitable for heating oil. He contains the already mentioned electric heater, which is then turned on when a Temperature sensor indicates the need for preheating. It is not clear whether he switches off the preheating after the burner start again. Since the Temperature sensor is also not shown, is also not recognizable where and how he should be arranged.
  • a burner for the combustion of He ⁇ zöl extra slightly more suitable is known from DE-A1-25 34 066 known. It contains the already mentioned electric heater. It does not serve only heating of fuel, but also warming of for combustion required air that will connect, that the already evaporated fuel again condensed. Insufficient heating would cause the fuel to fail clean burned, but partially coked, resulting in a short time to a malfunction of the burner leads.
  • the invention is based on the object, one for the combustion of Schuol extra light to provide suitable burner in which the evaporator chamber by means of the mentioned electric heater only during the start-up phase with a cold burner heated must be during the subsequent operation of the burner, the supply of Foreign energy is unnecessary for heating the fuel.
  • 1 means a burner having a blower 3 held by a flange 3 has, through which a connection hose 10 fresh air can be supplied.
  • a motor 4 is arranged, which drives the fan 3.
  • a burner pot 5 is placed, on its upper side with a connecting flange. 6 is provided, with the burner 1 from below on a boiler, not shown can be mounted.
  • a fuel connection 7 is provided at the top of the blower 3.
  • the Burner 1 the fuel oil supplied. From fuel port 7, the fuel oil passes through a This view not visible fuel line in a in this view also not visible evaporator chamber.
  • a temperature sensor In the wall of the burner pot 5 is a temperature sensor.
  • the wall becomes of the burner pot 5 of a first holder 26 pierced, the recording of a Ignition device, for example, an ignition electrode 9 or a Glühzünders serves.
  • a Ignition device for example, an ignition electrode 9 or a Glühzünders serves.
  • This igniter of the fuel-air mixture serving ignition electrode 9 is so stirred, that you one end in the area of the burner 1, in which the flame should arise.
  • This range is given by a cylindrical flame holder 11, the protruding from a Umlenkkragen 12 and at its top with a lid 35th is closed.
  • the Umlenkkragen 12 consists of a cylindrical portion 12 a and a adjoining oblique approach 12b.
  • the flame holder 11 is on in this Representation not visible evaporator chamber attached. It is advantageous heat resistant steel or ceramic.
  • the Umlenkkragen 12 is advantageous heat-resistant steel sheet, possibly also made of cast steel.
  • FIG. 1 further shows an electrode 23, which in the wall of the burner pot 6 by means of a further bracket 22 is attached.
  • the free end of this electrode 23 lies in one certain distance parallel to the surface of the flame holder 11.
  • the electrode 23 belongs to an ionization, not shown, with the presence of a Flame is monitorable. This monitoring is carried out by a burner. 1 assigned, but not shown here burner control unit, as in the prior Technology Start and operation of the burner 1 controls and monitors.
  • FIG. 2 shows a vertical section through the burner 1 shown in FIG more details are recognizable. Shown here is a first embodiment of the Burner 1.
  • the motor 4 can be seen, the blower. 3 (Fig. 1) drives.
  • the blower. 3 (Fig. 1) drives.
  • only one motor 4 and blower 3 from the fan 3 common drive shaft 14 can be seen, on which a first rotor 15 and a second Rotor 16 are attached.
  • the flame holder 11 with its lid 35 can be seen, wherein It can also be seen that the flame holder 11 on a in connection with FIG. 1 already mentioned evaporator chamber 17 is seated. Down is the Evaporator chamber 17 is closed by a bottom 19. The one of the Evaporator chamber 17 and its bottom 19 enclosed space forms a mixed and Evaporator zone 18. In the wall of the evaporator chamber 17 is an electrical Heating device 20 integrated.
  • the flame holder 11 is surrounded by a firebox 21. In this room burns the Flame.
  • the cylindrical shell of the flame holder 11 consists of at least one, advantageous but from two nested perforated plates, namely an outer Perforated plate 24 and an inner perforated plate 25.
  • the in these perforated plates 24, 25 existing openings may be circular or oblong, so for example as well Slits be formed. In addition, other forms are possible.
  • the openings of the two Perforated sheets 24, 25 may be different sizes. For example, the holes in the outer perforated plate 24 may be smaller than those in the inner perforated plate 25. Also the hole grid can have different dimensions.
  • the size of the Vents varies by, for example, the openings in the lower, the Evaporation chamber 17 facing area are larger and the size of the openings towards the top, ie in the direction of the lid 35, decreases.
  • the from the two Perforated plates 24, 25 formed cylinders can be pushed directly into each other, but there can advantageously be a more or less large gap between them be.
  • the outer perforated plate 24 burn small partial flames, the together form a very stable flame carpet.
  • Through the inner perforated plate 25 is achieved that the mixing of fuel and air is further improved.
  • the inner perforated plate 25 a much lower temperature
  • the outer perforated plate 24 by this measure is a repelling the Flame in the interior of the flame holder 11 largely excluded.
  • the specified designs of the flame holder 11 also have the advantage that the flame burns very evenly, which also manifests itself in a low noise level.
  • Umlenkkragen 12 extends with his cylindrical part 12a is not up to the bottom of the burner pot 5 (Fig. 1), but is below held in the burner pot 5 by means of, for example, three unillustrated legs.
  • Fig. 1 The surrounding part of the flame holder 11 Umlenkkragen 12 extends with his cylindrical part 12a is not up to the bottom of the burner pot 5 (Fig. 1), but is below held in the burner pot 5 by means of, for example, three unillustrated legs.
  • an annular gap 34 remains open in between.
  • the burner control unit first the electric heater 20 turns on.
  • the evaporator chamber 17 by means External energy heated.
  • the fan 3 rotate with the Drive shaft 14 connected parts such as rotors 15, 16, mixing 28, baffle 29 and Atomizer cup 30.
  • a feed pump which is equipped with the Combustion of incoming fuel oil from a tank in the burner 1 promotes, in operation set.
  • the fresh air flows on the one hand on the outside Atomizer cup 30 along, on the other hand, through openings in the bottom of the Atomizer cup 30 through the interior of the atomizer cup 30 against the baffle 29th Both partial flows then flow around the mixing wheel 28 and the guide plate 29 around. In the Fig. 2 this is indicated by arrows.
  • the speed of the Feed pump smaller or larger, the speeds of feed pump and blower 3rd are coordinated so that the amounts of fuel and air so on each other are tuned that the most complete combustion takes place.
  • the Feed pump for example, no gear pump, but a piston pump, occurs to the Set the speed another variable characterizing the flow volume. It is essential that the required volumes of air and fuel in a correct ratio stand.
  • the evaporator chamber 17 preheated, so that here now by the atomization already finely distributed fuel oil evaporated and at the same time mixed intensively with the fresh air flowing through.
  • the combustible mixture of fuel oil vapor and air due to tuned speeds of feed pump and blower 3 is approximately stoichiometrically composed, now occurs in the interior of the flame holder 11, which in Fig. 2 also by arrows is marked. Then this mixture enters through the holes in the Perforated sheets 24, 25 through. From the burner control unit is at the appropriate time the ignition is switched on.
  • the ignition electrode 9 is under tension and ignites the combustible mixture. Now burns on the shell compartment of the flame holder 11 a coherent flame and the hot exhaust fumes flow into the firebox 21.
  • the Combustion chamber 21 is surrounded by the heat exchanger of the boiler, which in Figs. 1 and 2 not shown.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 these means are in the form of Umlenkkragens 12th shown. Other, equally effective embodiments are within the scope of the invention possible.
  • Those hot exhaust gases, in the space surrounded by Umlenkkragen 12 space Flame holder 11 arise are directed by the Umlenkkragen 12 down, which in Fig. 2 is again indicated by arrows.
  • the hot exhaust gases thus act from the outside to the evaporator chamber 17 and heat it up.
  • the temperature sensor 8 is mounted on the burner pot 5 (FIG.
  • Temperature sensor 8 is determined whether in the burner pot 5 and thus at the Evaporator chamber 17, the required for the evaporation of the fuel oil temperature at Extra light oil at least 350 degrees Celsius, is reached.
  • the temperature sensor 8 thus determines the actual value of the temperature and outputs this measured value to the burner control unit which compares the actual value of the temperature with a target value and the when the actual value is higher than the target value, the electric heater 20 off.
  • the temperature sensor 8, together with the burner control unit and the electric heater 20 also act so that the temperature in the Evaporator chamber 17 not only when reaching a certain temperature is switched off, but that the temperature in the evaporator chamber 17 really regulated is, e.g. according to a PID algorithm. This can be beneficial if the burner is in an extremely cold climate zone is used.
  • the electrical heating device 20 it would also be possible for the electrical heating device 20 to have a specific, for Example to disable adjustable time after the appearance of the flame.
  • the solution with however, the shutdown controlled by the temperature sensor 8 is Operational safety and efficiency advantageous. This adjusts the shutdown of electric heater 20 also automatically to the effective heat output of Burner 1, if this modulating, so with smaller or larger power, is operated.
  • the device according to the invention it is ensured that in the Evaporator chamber 17 necessary for complete evaporation of the fuel oil Temperature prevails, so that it can be ruled out that coked the fuel oil and the Burner 1 dirty and prone to failure.
  • the large lateral surface of the flame holder 11 also has the advantage that a large-area flame is produced whose temperature is smaller than in burners according to the prior art. This has an advantageous effect because less nitrogen oxides NO x are formed in the burner 1 according to the invention.
  • a further advantage is that in such a burner 1 only small pressure differences, both on the fuel, as well as on the air side, are necessary, which manifests itself positively in a low noise level.
  • the burner 1 according to the invention can therefore also be used without problems in multi-storey heating systems, where otherwise gas burners are usually preferred because of the low noise level inherent in this burner type.
  • FIG. 3 shows a vertical section of a second embodiment. Same Parts are provided with the same reference numbers. It is advantageous in this Embodiment centrally in the interior of the flame holder 11 an insert 36th arranged, which consists of heat-resistant steel.
  • the insert 36 is rotationally symmetrical and consists of a frustoconical upper part 37 and a adjoining conical lower part 38.
  • 36 is the from Fuel-air mixture in the interior of the flame holder 11 filled volume reduced and the shape of the insert 36 is achieved that effectively effective cross section in the flame holder 11 decreases from bottom to top.
  • FIG. 3 also shows another embodiment inside the evaporator chamber, which is provided here in contrast to FIG. 2 with the reference numeral 39.
  • These Embodiment differs from that of FIG. 2 also in that baffle 29, Mixing wheel 28 and perforated disc 27 are missing. This results in a modified preparation of the fuel-air mixture.
  • the fuel oil Under the action of the centrifugal force against the inner wall of the evaporator chamber 39 hurled, whereupon it evaporates there.
  • the evaporated fuel oil is replaced by a first Partial flow of the blower 3 (Fig. 1) conveyed air through a gap 40 on the outside Atomizer cup 30 is passed, taken, with the partial flow of air and mix the steam of the heating oil.
  • this partial flow of air in the Evaporator chamber 39 is heated.
  • a second partial flow flows from the fan 3 (FIG. 1) through the interior of the below also here open atomizer cup 30 and remains unheated and thus does not cool the evaporator chamber 39.
  • Above the atomizer cup 30 unite the two streams, so that only here a complete mixing of Fuel and air takes place.
  • the air supply zone 42 is formed by the blower 3, comprises the evaporator zone 43 the atomizer cup 30 and the interior of the evaporator chamber 39.
  • the actual Mixing zone 41 is formed here from the interior of the flame holder 11, wherein the Mixing of fuel and air is also improved by that in this Embodiment between the outer perforated plate 24 and the inner perforated plate 25th there is a clear gap.
  • connection hose 10 In contrast to the example of Fig. 1, the fan 3, the air is not a Connection hose 10 is supplied, but the air can via an opening 44 in the housing of the blower 3 from the immediate vicinity of the burner 1 to flow. But it can also, a connection hose 10 (Fig. 1) may be provided.
  • Fig. 3 is also shown in more detail how the burner 1 to a boiler 50th is fastened.
  • the burner pot provided in FIG. 1 with the reference numeral 5, is here with the reference numeral 45 denotes.
  • the burner pot 45 At its upper end, the burner pot 45 a Flange 46, the outer end 47 is bent downwards.
  • a clamping ring 48 encloses the outer end 47 of the burner pot 45 and at the same time a lug 49 on Boiler 50.
  • FIG. 3 is also shown by way of example, how the attachment of the burner 1 to the boiler 50 clearly positioned executed is. From the outer end 47 of the flange 46, a tab 51 is bent upwards, in a recess 52 in the projection 49 of the boiler 50 engages.
  • Fig. 4 alternative embodiments are shown with which according to the invention an influence of that partial flow of hot exhaust gases is possible with which, as in the Explanation of Fig. 2 mentioned, the evaporator chamber 17 is heated from the outside. It has proved to be advantageous when means are available to this partial flow to affect the temperature of the evaporator chamber 17 under all load conditions to keep it constant.
  • the first embodiment relates to the execution of the oblique approach 12b of Umlenkkragens 12. This consists advantageous Thermobimetall so that he changed its shape with a change in temperature by bulges. A achievable by such a change in temperature second position is in 4 with the reference numeral 12b 'shown. This change in shape changes at Temperature change the width of the annular gap 34, which is due to the size of the partial flow of the hot exhaust gases has influence.
  • a second variant for influencing the partial flow of hot exhaust gases exists in that a portion 56 of the cylindrical portion 12a of Umlenkkragens 12 of Thermobimetal exists.
  • this section 56 cambers due to the action of heat, arises in the cylindrical portion 12a a discharge opening 57, through which a part of the partial flow the hot exhaust gases can escape again, so that it has no thermal influence on the Can exert evaporation chamber 17. This is the case of very hot exhaust gases Evaporator chamber 17 less heated.
  • this section 56 is also slotted.
  • a third variant is that around the outer surface of the Evaporator chamber 17, a collar 58 is placed, which also consists of bimetallic strip. Also this collar 58 warps under heat. This will change the size of the free cross section between the evaporator chamber 17 and the cylindrical part 12 a of the Umlenkkragens 12 changed, which is directly on the partial flow of the hot exhaust gases affects, which affects the evaporator chamber 17 thermally.
  • the insert 36 can also be used in the first embodiment Fig. 2 are applied.
  • a flame holder 11 concentrically enclosing, not shown in the figures spiral, which has the task to dissipate heat from the flame. With this measure it is achieved that the flame temperature is lower, which manifests itself advantageously in a lower content of nitrogen oxides NO x .
  • the variants of the burner 1 described above are in the ratio of 1: 3 modulated, so that the power of the burner 1, for example, between 5 and 15 kW is controllable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
  • Evaporation-Type Combustion Burners (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
EP99936224A 1998-09-01 1999-08-13 Brenner für flüssige brennstoffe Expired - Lifetime EP1110033B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH178398 1998-09-01
CH178398 1998-09-01
PCT/CH1999/000376 WO2000012935A1 (de) 1998-09-01 1999-08-13 Brenner für flüssige brennstoffe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1110033A1 EP1110033A1 (de) 2001-06-27
EP1110033B1 true EP1110033B1 (de) 2004-02-25

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99936224A Expired - Lifetime EP1110033B1 (de) 1998-09-01 1999-08-13 Brenner für flüssige brennstoffe

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US6540505B1 (da)
EP (1) EP1110033B1 (da)
AT (1) ATE260442T1 (da)
AU (1) AU5145599A (da)
CA (1) CA2341549C (da)
DE (2) DE59908661D1 (da)
DK (1) DK1110033T3 (da)
HR (1) HRP20010143A2 (da)
WO (1) WO2000012935A1 (da)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202009018149U1 (de) 2009-10-01 2011-03-03 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Brenner für flüssigen Brennstoff
DE102009043681A1 (de) 2009-10-01 2011-04-07 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Brenner für flüssigen Brennstoff

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CH696212A5 (de) 2003-06-04 2007-02-15 Toby Ag Verdampferbrenner für flüssige Brennstoffe.
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CN103411228B (zh) * 2013-07-19 2016-05-25 福建省三明长兴机械制造有限公司 一种高效节能窑炉管式汽化设备及其控制方法
CN104154535B (zh) * 2014-08-07 2016-03-23 长治市宏达康工贸有限公司 一种无风机助燃的甲醇燃烧器
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202009018149U1 (de) 2009-10-01 2011-03-03 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Brenner für flüssigen Brennstoff
DE102009043681A1 (de) 2009-10-01 2011-04-07 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Brenner für flüssigen Brennstoff
DE102009043681B4 (de) * 2009-10-01 2014-06-18 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Brenner für flüssigen Brennstoff

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2341549C (en) 2005-11-01
EP1110033A1 (de) 2001-06-27
DE59908661D1 (de) 2004-04-01
HRP20010143A2 (en) 2003-06-30
WO2000012935A1 (de) 2000-03-09
DE19981766D2 (de) 2001-11-22
US6540505B1 (en) 2003-04-01
DK1110033T3 (da) 2004-07-05
CA2341549A1 (en) 2000-03-09
AU5145599A (en) 2000-03-21
ATE260442T1 (de) 2004-03-15

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