EP1105542B1 - Schachtofen - Google Patents

Schachtofen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1105542B1
EP1105542B1 EP99934663A EP99934663A EP1105542B1 EP 1105542 B1 EP1105542 B1 EP 1105542B1 EP 99934663 A EP99934663 A EP 99934663A EP 99934663 A EP99934663 A EP 99934663A EP 1105542 B1 EP1105542 B1 EP 1105542B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft furnace
gas
gas supply
annular space
dividing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99934663A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1105542A1 (de
Inventor
Leopold Werner Kepplinger
Rainer Walter Kastner
Kurt Wieder
Wilhelm Schiffer
Wilhelm Stastny
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH
Original Assignee
VOEST ALPINEINDUSTRIEANLAGENBA
Deutsche Voest Alpine Industrieanlagenbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by VOEST ALPINEINDUSTRIEANLAGENBA, Deutsche Voest Alpine Industrieanlagenbau GmbH filed Critical VOEST ALPINEINDUSTRIEANLAGENBA
Priority to AT99934663T priority Critical patent/ATE257520T1/de
Publication of EP1105542A1 publication Critical patent/EP1105542A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1105542B1 publication Critical patent/EP1105542B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
    • C21B7/02—Internal forms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/10—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/02—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a shaft furnace, in particular a direct reduction shaft furnace a bed of lumpy material, in particular iron oxide and / or sponge iron Containing lumpy goods, which can be placed in the shaft furnace from above and with in one level arranged plurality of gas inlet openings for a reducing gas in the Area of the lower third of the shaft furnace, the shaft furnace outside by one Annular space is surrounded, which down through gas supply channels with the Gas inlet openings is connected.
  • a shaft furnace in particular a direct reduction shaft furnace a bed of lumpy material, in particular iron oxide and / or sponge iron Containing lumpy goods
  • Shaft furnaces in particular direct reduction shaft furnaces of the type described above are often known from the prior art.
  • One such essentially as a cylindrical one Hollow-body shaft furnace contains, for example, a bed of iron oxide and / or lumpy material containing iron sponge, the material containing iron oxide in the upper part of the shaft furnace.
  • the shaft furnace becomes one that comes, for example, from a melter gasifier
  • the reducing gas is blown into the shaft furnace and thus into the solid bed.
  • the hot dust-laden reducing gas flows through the solid bed upwards and reduces the iron oxide of the fill wholly or partially to form sponge iron.
  • the fully or partially reduced iron oxide is caused by between the bottom area of the Discharge devices arranged in the shaft furnace and the area of the gas inlet openings conveyed out of the shaft furnace, whereby the bed column located in the shaft furnace sinking down due to gravity.
  • a shaft furnace Due to its design, a shaft furnace must ensure that it has an even, as complete a reaction as possible, as well as a uniform lowering of the bulk material can be done.
  • AT PS 387 037 discloses a shaft furnace for the thermal treatment of Feedstocks with gaseous media. Are there for the supply of reducing gas Gas inlet openings provided by an annular apron opposite the in Input materials introduced in the shaft furnace are covered. Between the ring-shaped apron and an annular extension of the casing of the shaft furnace is an annular one Cavity provided so that the introduced reducing gas over the circumference of the The shaft furnace can be distributed to the feed materials.
  • the inner walls shaft ovens are usually made of refractory material, for example fireclay, brick.
  • refractory material for example fireclay, brick.
  • Such an annular apron can, however, because it only has its upper circumference is connected to the casing of the shaft furnace, not from individual refractory bricks getting produced.
  • this type of gas supply system is monolithic, i.e. from one Manufactured in one piece, basically producible. To do this, however, individual segments of the Shaft furnace jacket together with the attached part of the annular apron each be made from a single piece of refractory material. But this is because of the Size of the segments, and due to their complex geometry hardly to be carried out.
  • annular apron made in this way would also be used in the first
  • the loading of the shaft furnace collapses.
  • the side forces from fillings, for example due to process-dependent volume increases, are considerable. Thereby the ring-shaped apron would break away immediately.
  • DE PS 34 22 185 discloses an arrangement of a carburetor and a Direct reduction shaft furnace.
  • the direct reduction shaft furnace points above its floor star-shaped screw conveyors with which lumpy material from the Shaft furnace is promoted.
  • the inner ends of the screw conveyors are in one conical installation in the middle of the shaft furnace. This is conical installation connected downward with the melter gasifier so that reducing gas from the Melting gasifier can flow through the conical installation in the shaft furnace.
  • Reduction gas is also supplied to the shaft furnace via at least one gas inlet opening supplied, which is formed in a ring apron and the shaft furnace jacket Annulus opens. The same applies to this ring apron as to those in AT PS 387 037, i.e.
  • shaft furnaces are known in which a reducing gas is first introduced into the shaft furnace annular cavity is introduced, from which several Gas supply channels in a truncated cone-shaped extension of the Shaft furnace jacket, which extension is filled with the bulk material in the shaft furnace.
  • the ring-shaped Cavity on a rectangular cross-sectional area, being from the bottom and / or from the inner wall of this annular space, the gas supply ducts opening into the extension of the shaft furnace lead away.
  • This gas supply system is unsuitable if the reducing gas is evenly above the Scope of the shaft furnace should be distributed. Because the bulk material directly is the number of gas entry points in the shaft furnace and each gas inlet opening thus only as large as the number of gas inlet openings in the bed.
  • dust can accumulate at the mouth of the Store the gas supply ducts in the shaft furnace and check the gas permeability of the Reduce the fill, which deposits more dust, etc. and ultimately the Gas supply channels blocked. Additional dust can also accumulate on the bottom of the annulus drop. In extreme cases, even lumpy material can flow from the fill into the annulus reach. The removal of the solids deposited in the gas supply system is not possible without taking the shaft furnace out of operation and emptying it. By clogged gas supply channels lead to gas flow disturbances in the fill to an uneven reduction of the bulk material and a reduction in the Product quality.
  • the object of the invention is therefore a shaft furnace, in particular a To provide direct reduction shaft furnace, the gas supply system is designed so that the disadvantages known from the prior art are avoided.
  • this gas supply system should be simple from conventional Refractory material can be produced and sufficient mechanical stability to the have lateral forces from the bed. Dust-laden reducing gas should evenly around the circumference of the shaft furnace and therefore also in the Distribute bulk and avoid clogging of gas supply channels become.
  • annular cavity for example 2 to 16, however, preferably 4 to 8 are spaced approximately equally apart from one another arranged in the area of the diameter extension, so that the annular cavity in as many sections is divided.
  • These means for dividing the cavity are preferably vertical arranged sheets and / or plates formed, which are dimensioned so that each such means the vertical cross section of the cavity at least in its entirety interspersed.
  • each of the separate Sections of gas can be supplied independently of one another from outside the shaft furnace is.
  • the division of the annular cavity into separate sections together with the division of the annulus into separate sections proves to be advantageous because it avoids or reduces the risk that the Reduction gas - in the event of temporary gas flow disturbances in the fill - the path of the least Resistance increases and thereby partial areas of the bed are reinforced by reducing gas are flowed through and other partial areas of reducing gas are "undersupplied".
  • the means for dividing the annular space and the means for Dividing the cavity arranged such that a portion of the annulus one Number of sections of the cavity is assigned, causing gas over the respective Section of the corresponding section (s) can be fed.
  • the number of means for dividing the annular space is the same as the number of means for dividing the cavity and a section is assigned to a section.
  • the speed of the dust-laden gas from the location of the Gas supply to the end of each section does not decrease or does not decrease as much as this would be the case with a constant cross-section of the annular space.
  • the gas velocity remains sufficiently high at all locations in the annulus to Avoid dust deposits in the annulus.
  • a number of Gas supply channels each one that can be operated from outside the shaft furnace Associated cleaning device, by means of which caking from the Gas supply channels or the gas supply channels in the gas flow direction upstream annulus is cleanable.
  • Process malfunctions can also lead to deposits / caking in the annular space or Lead gas supply channels.
  • the cleaning device (s) can be used for cleaning of these deposits occur. It is particularly advantageous that the Enlargement formed a sufficient volume for the cavity Includes the detached material while otherwise only providing one Blockage of the gas supply channels would result. It is therefore a complex Emptying the shaft or removing material from the outside is avoided.
  • a cleaning device is expediently used as Punching device formed, the poking device the outer wall of the Annulus essentially in the extension of one gas supply channel interspersed.
  • the diameter expansion forms a truncated cone-shaped surface, the generatrix of which forms an angle with the horizontal includes, which is smaller than the angle of repose of the goods in the shaft furnace.
  • the angle which the generatrix of the lateral surface with the Includes horizontal, 0 to 25 °, with the diameter widening from the top to the top expanded below.
  • the angle of repose of lumpy iron sponge, ore pellets or lumpy Ore is around 35 to 40 °. So the difference between these two angles is big enough to create an annulus in which the reducing gas is optimally distributed can.
  • the angle which the generatrix of the lateral surface with the is particularly preferably Includes horizontal, 0 °.
  • the distance between the bed and Shell surface, or the gas inlet openings arranged in the shell surface so large that the risk that dusty or lumpy material from the bed in one of the Gas supply channels can reach is minimized.
  • the gas supply system also has excellent mechanical stability since the Dimensions of the gas supply channels that penetrate the wall of the shaft furnace, so can be kept low that the gas inlet openings, or that of the Gas supply channels and the refractory material surrounding the gas supply channels formed gas supply system withstand the lateral forces acting from the bed can.
  • the gas supply system is also easily made of conventional refractory material, for example firebrick, can be produced because each part of the gas supply system underlying parts is supported. They are not facilities such as one Ring apron provided only over an upper edge with the wall of the shaft furnace would be connected.
  • the gas supply channels have an im essentially rectangular cross-section and taper from bottom to top executed, the inner edges of the gas supply channels are rounded. This is ensured that gas supply channels, in which despite the inside of the shaft furnace formed material-free annular cavity a material jam occurs by itself, i.e. clean again with the downward movement of the goods in the shaft furnace.
  • the transition between the annular space which surrounds the shaft furnace on the outside in a ring, and the gas supply channels at an angle sloping downwards can form from the Do not accumulate reducing gas in the annulus and also material from the bed due to process-related disturbances in the annulus, cannot remain there. Rather, such material is due to gravity by the downward movement expanding gas inlet openings are returned to the shaft furnace.
  • FIG. 1 shows the shaft furnace 1 according to the invention with a bed of lumpy material 2, which can be applied to the shaft furnace 1 from above (feed device not shown).
  • a bed of lumpy material 2 which can be applied to the shaft furnace 1 from above (feed device not shown).
  • in the The area of the lower third of the shaft furnace 1 is a plurality of gas inlet openings 3 arranged in one plane. Through these gas inlet openings 3, a reducing gas is in the Blown in fill 2.
  • screw conveyors 4 Above the bottom of the shaft furnace 1 are screw conveyors 4 arranged, through which the lumpy material is discharged from the shaft furnace 1.
  • Fig. 2 is one of the gas inlet openings 3 with the shaft furnace 1 surrounding the outside Annulus 5 and one of the gas supply channels 6, which the gas inlet openings with the Connect annulus 5, shown.
  • the diameter extension 7 of the shaft contour is as horizontal recess in the jacket of the shaft furnace 1, so that between Gas inlet openings 3 and bed 2, an annular cavity 8 is formed. In this cavity 8 can be through the gas supply channels 6 and Optimally distribute the gas inlet openings 3 supplied reducing gas.
  • 2 are also a Means 11 for dividing the cavity, and a means 12 for dividing the annular space 5, here each formed as a vertically arranged sheet, shown in dashed lines.
  • the outer jacket of the annular space 5 passes through a cleaning opening 13 in such a way that the Central axis of the cleaning opening 13 with the central axis of the gas supply channel 6 coincides.
  • the cleaning opening 13 is sealingly closable on the outside. If this is necessary, for example by means of a rod 14 (straight or curved) Gas supply channel 6 and part of the annular space 5 are cleaned of deposits.
  • Fig. 3 shows a section through A-A of Fig. 1, with the viewing direction perpendicular is selected from below in the direction of one of the gas supply channels 6.
  • the inner edges 9 of the Gas supply channels 6 are rounded and the gas supply channels 6 are upwards executed rejuvenating. This ensures that dusty material from the Reducing gas is not deposited in the gas supply channels 6, or that the Gas supply channels 6 in the event of a material jam with the downward movement of the lumpy Clean good again by yourself.
  • Fig. 4 shows a section through B-B of Fig. 2, viewed from the inside of the shaft.
  • the Gas supply channels 6 expand from top to bottom and the transitions 10 from that Annulus 5 to the gas supply channels 6 are designed to slope downwards. This is also intended to ensure that dust-like material from the reducing gas is not in deposits in the annular space 5, but together with the reducing gas in the shaft furnace 1 is entered.
  • Fig. 5 shows a section through C-C of Fig. 2, the annular space 5 with - in The circumferential direction decreases from the location of the gas supply 15 to the means 12 for dividing the annular space 5 Cross section is shown.
  • the invention is not limited to that shown in the drawings in FIGS. 1 to 5 Embodiment, but also includes all known to those skilled in the art Execution of the invention can be used.
  • the sheets or plates 11 are not of the shape shown in FIG. 2 and Size limited, but can, depending on the material and process-related Requirements, for example, also have contours similar to rectangles or segments of a circle and also have smaller dimensions, so that they are not as far as shown in FIG protrude into the bed 2.
  • the annular space 5 can, as shown in the exemplary embodiments, structurally with the shaft be connected, but it is also possible that the annular space from an annular pipeline is formed, which concentrically surrounds the shaft - spaced apart from it.
  • the connection between the ring pipeline and the gas supply channels then takes place via downward sloping, widening stub lines. This brings additional benefits to the constructive design of the reduction shaft, especially the refractory construction, as well as improved accessibility of the annulus for the purpose of cleaning.
  • the cross-sectional reduction of the sections of the annular space is not only - as shown in Fig. 5 - designed as a reduction in the horizontal diameter is, but - alternatively or additionally - as a reduction in the vertical diameter of the annulus or - in the case of an annular pipeline - as a conical constriction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
  • Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
EP99934663A 1998-08-13 1999-07-12 Schachtofen Expired - Lifetime EP1105542B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT99934663T ATE257520T1 (de) 1998-08-13 1999-07-12 Schachtofen

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0139298A AT407192B (de) 1998-08-13 1998-08-13 Schachtofen
AT139298 1998-08-13
PCT/EP1999/004875 WO2000009765A1 (de) 1998-08-13 1999-07-12 Schachtofen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1105542A1 EP1105542A1 (de) 2001-06-13
EP1105542B1 true EP1105542B1 (de) 2004-01-07

Family

ID=3512884

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99934663A Expired - Lifetime EP1105542B1 (de) 1998-08-13 1999-07-12 Schachtofen

Country Status (21)

Country Link
US (1) US6511629B1 (cs)
EP (1) EP1105542B1 (cs)
JP (1) JP4467796B2 (cs)
KR (1) KR100641466B1 (cs)
CN (1) CN1243835C (cs)
AT (1) AT407192B (cs)
AU (1) AU756280B2 (cs)
BR (1) BR9912796A (cs)
CA (1) CA2338069C (cs)
CZ (1) CZ299007B6 (cs)
DE (1) DE59908260D1 (cs)
ID (1) ID27806A (cs)
MY (1) MY123031A (cs)
PL (1) PL193740B1 (cs)
RU (1) RU2226552C2 (cs)
SK (1) SK286273B6 (cs)
TR (1) TR200100405T2 (cs)
TW (1) TW490490B (cs)
UA (1) UA60371C2 (cs)
WO (1) WO2000009765A1 (cs)
ZA (1) ZA200100679B (cs)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT505490B1 (de) 2007-06-28 2009-12-15 Siemens Vai Metals Tech Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erzeugung von eisenschwamm
US12084730B2 (en) * 2020-03-24 2024-09-10 Midrex Technologies, Inc. Methods and systems for increasing the carbon content of direct reduced iron in a reduction furnace
CN115058553B (zh) * 2022-06-20 2023-11-03 水木明拓氢能源科技有限公司 适用于氢气直接还原铁反应的竖炉反应器及其应用

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE759927A (fr) * 1969-12-10 1971-06-07 Midland Ross Corp Procede et appareil pour la reduction d'oxydes de fer dans une atmosphere gazeuse reductrice.
US4046557A (en) * 1975-09-08 1977-09-06 Midrex Corporation Method for producing metallic iron particles
DE3422185A1 (de) 1984-06-12 1985-12-12 Korf Engineering GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Anordnung aus einem vergaser und direktreduktionsofen
AT382166B (de) * 1985-05-13 1987-01-26 Voest Alpine Ag Verfahren zur direktreduktion von teilchenf¯rmigem eisenoxidhaeltigem material
US4725309A (en) * 1986-03-17 1988-02-16 Hylsa, S.A. Method and apparatus for producing hot direct reduced iron
AT387037B (de) 1987-06-15 1988-11-25 Voest Alpine Ag Schachtofen zur thermischen behandlung von einsatzstoffen mit gasfoermigen medien
US5702246A (en) * 1996-02-22 1997-12-30 Xera Technologies Ltd. Shaft furnace for direct reduction of oxides
AT405332B (de) * 1997-07-14 1999-07-26 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen Schachtofen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2000009765A1 (de) 2000-02-24
AU5035999A (en) 2000-03-06
DE59908260D1 (de) 2004-02-12
ID27806A (id) 2001-04-26
CA2338069C (en) 2005-01-11
US6511629B1 (en) 2003-01-28
CZ299007B6 (cs) 2008-04-02
BR9912796A (pt) 2001-05-02
CA2338069A1 (en) 2000-02-24
TR200100405T2 (tr) 2001-07-23
MY123031A (en) 2006-05-31
SK1782001A3 (en) 2001-10-08
CN1312861A (zh) 2001-09-12
KR20010072469A (ko) 2001-07-31
PL193740B1 (pl) 2007-03-30
ATA139298A (de) 2000-05-15
UA60371C2 (uk) 2003-10-15
TW490490B (en) 2002-06-11
ZA200100679B (en) 2002-03-27
SK286273B6 (sk) 2008-06-06
AU756280B2 (en) 2003-01-09
JP2002522641A (ja) 2002-07-23
CZ2001506A3 (cs) 2001-10-17
RU2226552C2 (ru) 2004-04-10
KR100641466B1 (ko) 2006-10-31
JP4467796B2 (ja) 2010-05-26
AT407192B (de) 2001-01-25
PL346054A1 (en) 2002-01-14
CN1243835C (zh) 2006-03-01
EP1105542A1 (de) 2001-06-13

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