EP1095195A1 - Pierre a batir - Google Patents

Pierre a batir

Info

Publication number
EP1095195A1
EP1095195A1 EP99930913A EP99930913A EP1095195A1 EP 1095195 A1 EP1095195 A1 EP 1095195A1 EP 99930913 A EP99930913 A EP 99930913A EP 99930913 A EP99930913 A EP 99930913A EP 1095195 A1 EP1095195 A1 EP 1095195A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
indentation
recess
module according
groove
mortar
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99930913A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1095195B1 (fr
Inventor
Martin Kasa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1095195A1 publication Critical patent/EP1095195A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1095195B1 publication Critical patent/EP1095195B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0213—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of round shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0243—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins or keys

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a brick for masonry comprising lateral connection surfaces and an upper and a lower contact surface.
  • the cuboid blocks intended for this purpose are laid in horizontal, preferably staggered rows, between each of which a layer of mortar or adhesive is applied.
  • the vertical butt joints that appear in a row between adjacent building blocks of modern design usually remain free or at least partially free.
  • this is less labor-intensive and, on the other hand, has the advantage of a higher total thermal insulation of the masonry, since each mortar joint running from the inside to the outside represents a thermal bridge which has a negative effect on the thermal insulation.
  • a force-locking connection thus essentially only occurs between successive horizontal rows of modules.
  • this type of block laying is completely sufficient to ensure static safety.
  • the lateral connecting surfaces - those are the surfaces with which two adjacent building blocks are placed next to one another - are consistently flat and normal to the footprint of the masonry.
  • Tongue and groove modules are known, for example, in which the first connection surface has tongue-like formations which extend over the block height and the groove-like depressions corresponding to the outlines of these formations are embedded in the second connection surface. Adjacent blocks interlock within the masonry without an intermediate layer of mortar and, thanks to the special course of the tongue and groove connection, enable increased thermal insulation. In the case of diagonally acting forces, the tongue and groove connections slide off and the masonry is destroyed.
  • connection surfaces have mortar pockets which extend over the entire module height. Adjacent building blocks abut one another via projecting boundary areas on the inside and outside, so that the mortar layer formed inside the mortar pocket is not formed over the entire width and a thermal bridge is thereby prevented. The mortar joint is therefore partially deepened, but not filled over the entire wall width.
  • the mortar in the mortar pockets does not form a non-positive connection between adjacent building blocks, since the drying mortar also shrinks and as a result only the abutting surfaces of the building block lie on top of each other.
  • connection can therefore only absorb shear stresses and tensile forces, such as occur particularly with diagonal force on masonry, to a very limited extent. This limited resilience leads to premature failure of the masonry under diagonal force, as the blocks shear off along the vertical joints.
  • this is achieved in that at least one indentation, which extends only over part of the block height and is spaced from the horizontal boundary edges of the upper and the lower contact surface, is let into the lateral connection surfaces.
  • the mortar introduced into the vertical butt joint between two adjacent building blocks falls into the recesses in the lateral connection surfaces and fills them. After the mortar has hardened, a type of dowel is produced which counteracts failure of the masonry. Even in the simplest case, when the connection surfaces are completely flat, the indentations result in a measurable strengthening of the non-positive connection between adjacent components. The vertical butt joints are prevented from shearing off by the hardened mortar layer formed in them, the indentations considerably increasing the strength of this mortar layer.
  • the indentation can have any shape, but must be spaced from the horizontal boundary edges of the upper and lower contact surfaces of the module according to the invention, since otherwise no shear-preventing effect can occur.
  • the indentation is approximately the same distance from the two horizontal boundary edges.
  • a dowelling effect that is balanced on all sides can thus be achieved.
  • a further feature of the invention can be that the indentation has distances, preferably equally large distances, from both vertical boundary edges of the connection surface.
  • the width of the indentation is at least about one third of the block width.
  • the height of the indentation is approximately one third of the block height.
  • This dimensioning ensures that the mortar (plug) in the indentation has sufficient cross-section or material, but on the other hand there is sufficient material of the block itself above and below the indentation to break out and shear off the blocks in the area the vertical joints (butt joints) in the case of forces acting on the masonry, which are transferred via the mortar block to the areas of the block above and below the indentation.
  • connection surfaces preferably both connection surfaces, is / are designed in a manner known per se with a groove-like recess, and that the indentations in the recess (s) are excluded .
  • the groove-like recesses result in mortar pockets when the building blocks are lined up, and those in the recesses when filled with mortar recessed recesses can be filled.
  • the resulting non-positive connection between the connection surfaces of the modules according to the invention also enables diagonal forces to be absorbed without the connection surfaces being sheared off early.
  • this groove-like recess has a depth of at least about 30 mm.
  • connection surfaces are formed with a groove-like recess each, this groove-like recess each has a depth of at least approximately 15 mm.
  • the pockets formed by the groove-like recesses are wide enough to be easily filled with mortar.
  • connection surfaces - in a manner known per se - can be provided with tongue and groove-like elevations or depressions, which bring about an improvement in the thermal properties.
  • indentation is connected to at least one hole.
  • the mortar introduced into the vertical butt joint or into the mortar pocket and into the recess according to the invention can thereby also enter at least one vertical hole, which leads to an even more intimate connection of two adjacent building blocks.
  • a particularly advantageous dowelling effect can be achieved according to a further variant of the invention if the ratio of the depth of the recess to the depth of the indentation is in a range from 1.5 to 4 to 1.
  • the depth s of the indentation is approximately 10 to 20 mm, which likewise leads to a particularly good dowelling effect.
  • Fig.l a block according to the prior art in the position of use in oblique view
  • FIG. 2a shows a cuboid block with recess 5 according to the invention in oblique view
  • FIG. 2b shows a brickwork formed from building blocks according to FIG. 2a in elevation
  • 3a shows three building blocks of a type of building block with an indentation 5 according to the invention, preferably in an oblique view;
  • 3c shows a brickwork formed from two rows one above the other in accordance with FIG. 3b; 3D in a row of blocks placed next to one another according to a further embodiment of the invention in plan view;
  • FIG. 4a shows a block of a further type of block provided with an indentation 5 according to the invention in an oblique view
  • 5a shows a cuboid perforated brick with recess 5 according to the invention in an oblique view
  • 5b shows the module of the type according to FIG. 3a, including upholes.
  • building block is understood to mean all bodies which are suitable for the formation of masonry.
  • bricks e.g. Clay bricks, or blocks made of natural or artificial material, e.g. Natural stone, concrete, clay or the like are made.
  • a building block according to the prior art is shown in the position of use, wherein the position of use is to be understood as the orientation of the block, which it takes up when it is incorporated into a masonry.
  • the surfaces 1, 2 of the component that run in horizontal planes are referred to in the context of this application as contact surfaces, and those vertical surfaces 3, 4 with which adjacent components are strung together are referred to as lateral connection surfaces.
  • the position information horizontal and vertical each refer to a block lying in the position of use according to Fig.l.
  • At least one of the horizontal boundary edges of the upper one is in the lateral connection surfaces 3, 4 in a module according to the invention shown in FIG. 2a and lower contact surface 1, 2 spaced recess 5, which extends only over part of the block height h.
  • this indentation 5 can extend over the entire module width b (cf. the dash-dotted lines in FIG. 2a) or have distances c, d from both vertical boundary edges 6 of the connection area 3, 4, which distances c, d are preferably kept the same size.
  • This form-fitting support results, for example, from forces acting on the building blocks in the direction of arrow 16, such as, for example, in the case of a partial lowering of the contact area of the masonry or earthquakes can occur.
  • connection surfaces 3, 4 are not essential to the invention, for example the indentation 5 can also be provided in the case of components whose connection surfaces 3, 4 have tongue and groove-like projections or depressions which extend over the component height h.
  • the invention is particularly preferably used in the components shown in FIGS. 3a-c and in FIG. 4a.
  • the connecting surfaces 3, 4 of these modules do not run flat here, but are each provided with a groove-like recess 11, which extend over the entire module height h.
  • the two recesses 11 form pockets, by means of which the vertical mortar joint 9 is deepened.
  • the indentations 5 according to the invention are let into the central sections of the connection surfaces 3, 4, which form the groove base 13 of the recess 11.
  • the indentations 5 also fill with mortar. So that the filling of the pockets formed by two adjacent recesses 11 with mortar can be carried out practically without problems, these pockets must have a width g of at least 30 mm.
  • mortar blocks 7 result analogously to FIG. 2b, which can be non-positively attached to the boundary walls 8 of the indentations 5.
  • the indentations 5 have distances e, f from both horizontal boundary edges 12 of the contact surfaces 1, 2 (which distances e, f can be unequal according to FIG. 3a or approximately the same size according to FIG. 3c). If diagonal forces occur according to the arrow 17 in FIG. 3c, the mortar blocks 7 are non-positively connected to the boundary walls 8 of the indentations 5. There is therefore a type of dowelling of two adjacent building blocks, which the masonry overall is particularly high Gives stability.
  • a very good dowelling effect can be achieved if the ratio of the depth of the recess 11 to the depth of the indentation 5 is in a range from 1.5 to 4 to 1.
  • the indentation 5 must in any case be deep enough in the connecting surfaces to achieve its functionality, since otherwise the mortar block 7 cannot withstand the shear forces enough resistance. In concrete dimensions, about 10 to 15 mm can be specified for the depth s of the indentation 5.
  • the width b 'of the indentation 5 is at least approximately one third of the connecting surface width b of the module or the wall width of the masonry. Particularly good results can be achieved if the width b 'of the indentation 5 is approximately half the block width b.
  • the height h 'of the indentation 5 should be approximately one third of the block height h, but can also be chosen to be somewhat larger.
  • connection surfaces 3.4 The arrangement of the indentations 5 according to the invention can of course also be provided in any other configuration of the connection surfaces 3.4.
  • the boundary walls 8 of the indentation 5 run essentially normal to the connection surfaces 3, 4, but the support effect explained is also achieved at obtuse angles ⁇ (cf. FIG. 3c). Likewise, acute angles ß are conceivable, but the undercuts in the module that result here are difficult to produce.
  • the above-mentioned depth s of the indentation 5 of approximately 10 to 15 mm is independent of the geometric shape of the indentation, i.e.
  • the indentations 5 shown in FIG. 3c with boundary walls 8 running at an obtuse angle or at an acute angle ⁇ can have a depth s of 10 to 20 mm.
  • connection surfaces 3 modules with different connection surfaces are shown.
  • indentations 5 are provided, in each case one connection surface 4 has a groove-like recess 11, while the respectively opposite connection surface 3 extends completely flat except for the indentation 5.
  • the mortar pocket lying between two abutting connection surfaces 3, 4 is formed by only one groove-like recess 11.
  • the width of the mortar pocket g is identical to the depth t of the groove-like recess 11. So that the pocket can be easily mortarized here, too, the groove-like recess 11 must be deeper than in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3b be executed.
  • the local recess 11 has a depth t of at least about 30 mm.
  • the depth s of the indentations 5 is also about 10 to 20 mm here.
  • connection surface 4 is provided with spring-like elevations 14 and the connection surface 3 with groove-like depressions 15.
  • FIGS. 3b, 4b the sections of the connection surfaces 3, 4 of adjacent modules lying to the side of the recesses 11 can be formed placed close to each other and mortar is only introduced into the mortar pockets formed by the recesses 11 and the indentations 5 according to the invention.
  • a previously usual vertical mortar joint which extends over the entire area of the connection areas 3, 4 and thus runs from the outside of the wall to the inside of the wall and acts as a thermal bridge, is thus avoided.
  • the indentation 5 is always cuboid in the drawings, but this is only to be understood as an example, because the indentation 5 can be given any shape with which the described application of the mortar blocks 7 to the boundary walls 8 can be achieved.
  • the indentation 5 can be cylindrical, frustoconical, etc.
  • the recess 5 can be designed so deep that it is connected to one or more of these holes 18.
  • the building block can be designed as a perforated brick known per se, the indentation 5 projecting into the adjacent row of perforations 18 ′.
  • a component of the form according to FIGS. 3a, 3d or FIG. 4a can also be provided with through holes 18, the row 18 'of which is adjacent to the connection surface 3, 4 is connected to the indentation 5.
  • elongated holes can also penetrate the respective module according to the invention or its indentations.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Retaining Walls (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)
  • Fencing (AREA)
  • Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une pierre à bâtir pour des ouvrages de maçonnerie, comprenant des surfaces de raccordement latérales (3, 4) et une surface d'appui supérieure et inférieure (1, 2). Au moins une entaille (5) située à distance des arêtes de délimitation horizontales de la surface d'appui supérieure et inférieure (1, 2) est pratiquée dans les surfaces de raccordement latérales (3, 4), cette entaille s'étendant uniquement sur une partie de la hauteur (h) de la pierre à bâtir.
EP99930913A 1998-07-08 1999-07-08 Pierre a batir Expired - Lifetime EP1095195B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0118198A AT406879B (de) 1998-07-08 1998-07-08 Baustein
AT118198 1998-07-08
PCT/AT1999/000175 WO2000003103A1 (fr) 1998-07-08 1999-07-08 Pierre a batir

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1095195A1 true EP1095195A1 (fr) 2001-05-02
EP1095195B1 EP1095195B1 (fr) 2002-04-03

Family

ID=3508371

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99930913A Expired - Lifetime EP1095195B1 (fr) 1998-07-08 1999-07-08 Pierre a batir

Country Status (17)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1095195B1 (fr)
AT (2) AT406879B (fr)
AU (1) AU4760899A (fr)
BG (1) BG63881B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59901137D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2156847T3 (fr)
HR (1) HRP20010011B1 (fr)
HU (1) HU223402B1 (fr)
MD (2) MD2104G2 (fr)
ME (2) ME00168B (fr)
PT (1) PT1095195E (fr)
RS (1) RS50127B (fr)
SI (1) SI1095195T1 (fr)
SK (1) SK286511B6 (fr)
TR (1) TR200100026T2 (fr)
UA (1) UA70948C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000003103A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
MD133Z (ro) * 2009-05-18 2010-08-31 Технический университет Молдовы Procedeu de fabricare a blocului-perete compus
MD324Z (ro) * 2010-04-15 2011-08-31 Технический университет Молдовы Procedeu de fabricare a blocului monolit de gabarite mari din piatră naturală
MD296Z (ro) * 2010-04-15 2011-07-31 Технический университет Молдовы Construcţie de perete
MD872Z (ro) * 2014-05-15 2015-08-31 Игорь ЯЦУК Piatră de construcţie
CN105040888A (zh) * 2015-08-20 2015-11-11 烟台驰龙建筑节能科技有限公司 断桥轻质砌块、断桥轻质墙体及墙体砌筑方法

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2204969A1 (de) * 1972-02-03 1973-08-09 Hermann Wilden Formstein zur errichtung von mauerwerk
DE2655470C2 (de) * 1976-12-08 1978-10-19 Norbert 5060 Bergisch Gladbach Feist Kunststein und Verband aus Kunststeinen
FR2426779A2 (fr) * 1978-05-23 1979-12-21 Bekaert Sa Nv Paroi ajouree destinee notamment a former une cloture
DE3541280A1 (de) * 1985-06-21 1987-01-02 Erlus Baustoffwerke Wandbaustein mit griffhilfe sowie strangpressverfahren und -anlage zur herstellung desselben
DE3701425A1 (de) * 1987-01-20 1988-09-22 Karl Buehl Schalungsbauteil, sowie hieraus zusammengesetzte verlorene schalung
DE8813600U1 (de) * 1988-10-29 1988-12-15 Hebel GmbH Holding, 8089 Emmering Quaderförmiger Mauerstein
BR9005975A (pt) * 1990-11-26 1992-06-30 Antonius Hubertus Maria Wieger Bloco auto-portante
DE19519760C2 (de) * 1995-05-30 1999-11-11 Greisel Baustoff Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Bausteins aus Porenbeton

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0003103A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2156847T1 (es) 2001-08-01
YU901A (sh) 2003-01-31
BG63881B1 (bg) 2003-04-30
UA70948C2 (uk) 2004-11-15
AT406879B (de) 2000-10-25
ATA118198A (de) 2000-02-15
HRP20010011B1 (en) 2009-02-28
HUP0102822A2 (hu) 2002-01-28
BG105105A (en) 2001-10-31
TR200100026T2 (tr) 2001-07-23
SK286511B6 (sk) 2008-12-05
HUP0102822A3 (en) 2002-02-28
HU223402B1 (hu) 2004-06-28
PT1095195E (pt) 2002-09-30
ATE215647T1 (de) 2002-04-15
MEP8308A (en) 2010-06-10
MD20010094A (en) 2001-07-31
ES2156847T3 (es) 2002-11-16
SI1095195T1 (en) 2002-08-31
HRP20010011A2 (en) 2001-12-31
ME00168B (fr) 2010-10-10
RS50127B (sr) 2009-03-25
MD2104F2 (en) 2003-02-28
WO2000003103A1 (fr) 2000-01-20
EP1095195B1 (fr) 2002-04-03
SK22001A3 (en) 2001-10-08
MD2104G2 (ro) 2003-08-31
AU4760899A (en) 2000-02-01
DE59901137D1 (de) 2002-05-08

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