Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
  • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
  • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
  • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
  • H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31652—Of asbestos
  • Y10T428/31663—As siloxane, silicone or silane
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31801—Of wax or waxy material
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers

Definitions

• the invention relates to the use of functional Organylorganyloxysilanen on carriers in cable compounds, the contain certain thermoplastic base polymers and fillers.
• the invention further relates to the cable compounds as such and cables Envelopes from these cable compounds.
• Cable compounds are mixtures of substances that are a base polymer as well as mineral (or inorganic) reinforcing, stretching or contain flame retardant fillers and used to make metallic To wrap the conductor in an electrically insulating manner. It is known that an addition of functional organylorganyloxysilanes dispersing the filler in the Base polymer facilitates and the adhesion between base polymer and filler improved. Functional organylorganyloxysilanes are in this Relationship of such silanes that attach one to the carbon atom Silicon atom bound organic residue, which in turn has a contains functional group. The easier dispersion and the better Adhesion is likely to result in the water repellency caused by the silane Surface of the filler particles can be attributed. The better liability leads to better mechanical properties of the cable sheathing.
• EP 0 518 057 B1 contains liquid vinyl groups Mixtures of chain and cyclic siloxanes or siloxane oligomers and their use as crosslinking agents, e.g. B. for High pressure polyethylene, known in cable masses.
• liquid additives are problematic for users in that the usual facilities for Weighing and dosing small amounts of additives for solids only are designed. Liquid small components must therefore be manually be weighed and dosed. This is usually at a higher cost connected and represents an additional source of error.
• reinforcing additives composed of oligomeric and / or polymeric sulfur-containing organylorganyloxysilanes and semi-active, active and / or highly active carbon blacks as a carrier, which are suitable for use in rubber mixtures or compositions and in plastic mixtures, are not mentioned in either of the cited documents 0 428 073 B1 discloses a process in which (i) a base polymer, (ii) a sponge-like polymer or a swellable polymer are mixed with a (meth) acryloxy-functional organosilane contained therein and (iii) a free radical-donating substance and the The mixture melts and homogenizes.
• WO 97/07165 states that the solid mixtures of functional organosilanes and certain large-area silicas with low surface energy described therein can be used, inter alia, for the insulation of wires and cables.
• One of the objects of the present invention is the use (1) a liquid functional bound to a carrier Organylorganyloxysilans or one bound to a carrier liquid (co) condensate of a functional organylorganyloxysilane for Manufacture of cable compounds containing one (2) thermoplastic, polar functional group-bearing base polymer and (3) a reinforcing one or stretching mineral filler.
• Another object of the invention are cable compounds, which (1) a a carrier-bound liquid functional organylorganyloxysilane or a liquid (co) condensate bound to a carrier functional organylorganyloxysilane, (2) a thermoplastic, polar functional group-bearing base polymer and (3) a reinforcing, stretching or flame retardant mineral filler.
• Another object of the invention are cables, their metallic conductors are covered with such a cable compound.
• Functional organylorganyloxysilanes in the sense of the invention contain at least one organic radical bonded to a silicon atom via a carbon atom (organyl radical), for. B. a straight-chain or branched alkylene radical having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, which carries at least one functional group.
• the functional group can e.g. B.
• X x a hydroxyl, nitrile, carbonyl, carboxyl, acyl, acyloxy, carboalkoxy, mercapto, sulfane (X x ), epoxy or one optionally substituted by one or two hydrocarbon radicals having 1 to 6 carbon atoms Amino group and a halogen atom, in particular a chlorine atom or an olefinic double or a CC triple bond.
• the organic radical can also contain several identical or different functional groups, e.g. B. two amino groups or an acyl radical with olefinic double bond, such as the (meth) acryloxy radical.
• the functional organylorganyloxysilanes on the other hand contain at least one hydrolyzable radical, preferably three hydrolyzable radicals, e.g. B. one or more alkoxy or alkoxyalkoxy radicals each having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
• the functional organylorganyloxysilanes can further contain one or two further, non-functional and non-hydrolyzable radicals, e.g. B. a hydrocarbon radical with up to 8 carbon atoms, such as methyl, propyl or n-hexyl.
• suitable functional organylorganyloxysilanes are Vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltris (2-methoxyethoxy) silane, 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidyloxypropyltriethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyl-triethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyl-trimethoxysilane and 3-methacryloxypropyl tris (2-methoxy-ethoxy) silane.
• Preferred functional organylorganyloxysilanes are optionally by 1 or 2 alkyl radicals each having 1 to 6 carbon atoms N-substituted aminoorganylorganyloxysilane because the coatings from the corresponding compounds outstanding mechanical properties (such as Tensile strength, elongation at break, tensile strength and modulus of elasticity) and electrical Properties (such as electrical loss factor, dielectric constant) exhibit.
• mechanical properties such as Tensile strength, elongation at break, tensile strength and modulus of elasticity
• electrical Properties such as electrical loss factor, dielectric constant
• the (co) condensates are z. B. in known Way by hydrolysis or cohydrolysis of the silanes with limited amounts Water and subsequent condensation of the silanols. In the Cocondensates should be the proportion of (amino) functional Organylorganyloxysilane at least 10 wt .-%, advantageously at least 50% by weight.
• the base polymer of the Cable compounds is thermoplastic and carries polar groups.
• Such Base polymers result in e.g. B. Improved fire behavior (i.e. lower Flammability and smoke density) and increase the filler absorption capacity.
• Polar groups are e.g. B. hydroxyl, nitrile, carbonyl, Carboxyl, acyl, acyloxy, carboalkoxy groups or amino groups and Halogen atoms, especially chlorine atoms. Olefinic are not polar Double bonds or C-C triple bonds.
• Suitable polymers are in addition to polyvinyl chloride copolymers of one or more olefins and one or more comonomers containing polar groups, e.g. B.
• the polar groups are generally found in copolymers in amounts of 0.1 to 50 mol%, preferably from 5 to 30 mol%, based on the Polyolefin building blocks.
• Suitable base polymers are ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers. For example, contains a suitable commercial one Copolymer 19 mole% vinyl acetate and 81 mole% ethylene building blocks.
• the fillers are mineral (or inorganic) and can be reinforcing or just stretching. At least they wear on their surfaces Groups associated with the organyloxy groups of the functional Organylorganyloxysilans react. The result is that Silicon atom with the attached functional organyl residue on the Surface chemically fixed. Such groups on the surface of the filler are especially hydroxyl groups.
• Preferred fillers are accordingly, metal hydroxides with a stoichiometric proportion or, in their different drainage levels, with substoichiometric proportion Hydroxyl groups to oxides with comparatively few remaining but hydroxyl groups detectable by DRIFT-IR spectroscopy. Examples of suitable fillers are aluminum trihydroxide (ATH), Alumina hydrate (AlOOH), magnesium hydroxide, brucite, huntite, Hydromagnesite, mica and montmorillonite.
• the proportion of the filler depends on its type, the respective base polymer and the stresses to which the compounds are subjected are exposed to the intended use. Generally the Filler in an amount of 5 to 80% by weight, advantageously 50 to 70% by weight, based on the compound applied.
• the amount of the functional organylorganyloxysilane must be such that that the surface of the filler is sufficiently covered and hydrophobized.
• the cable compounds according to the invention can be the usual compounds Contain additives in the usual amounts.
• additives include UV and heat stabilizers, lubricants, Extrusion aids and peroxides called. Your share of the compound is generally less than 5% by weight.
• the cable compounds are made by mixing the components in the Melt produced, expediently with exclusion of moisture. Therefore are the usual heatable homogenizers, z. B. kneader or, advantageous in continuous operation, extruder, in particular Twin screw extruder.
• the components are, each for themselves or in Partial mixtures, in the specified quantity ratio heat a temperature above the melting point of the base polymer Extruder fed. Expediently, the temperature is allowed to Rise the screw end to set a lower viscosity and thereby enabling an intimate mixing.
• the extrudates can still liquid a device for sheathing electrical conductors be fed. Alternatively, you can freeze them and then open them to shred appropriate particle sizes.
• Example 1 Dry Liquid "from 3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane and Flame silica
• Example 2- Dry Liquid "from precipitated silica and N-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane
• a cylindrical vessel with an outer diameter of 20 cm and one Length of 35 cm is 800 g of precipitated silica (ULTRASIL® VN3 from DEGUSSA-HÜLS AG).
• the filling is made with dry nitrogen overlaid and the vessel closed.
• the Batch heated to 60 ° C for 1 h.
• the heated vessel is opened and the Content with 1,200 g N-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (DYNASYLAN® DAMO from DEGUSSA-HÜLS AG).
• the vessel will be back closed and then in rotation on a roller device for 30 min transferred.
• the product obtained in this way is superficially dry and free-flowing. It is filled into opaque containers under dry nitrogen.
• the table shows that the silane is almost completely reversible the carrier is bound.
• halogen-free cable compounds with flame-retardant properties Halogen Free Flame Retardant "[HFFR] Compounds
• component quantity Aluminum hydroxide (ATH) 160 pieces Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA, 19% VA) 100 parts IRGANOX® 1010 (UV stabilizer) 1st chapter
• the base polymer EVA is dried in a forced air oven at 60 ° C for one hour. When using liquid silane, this is added to the dried EVA and absorbed within one hour. Is the silane considered Dry Liquid "is used to mix the EVA.
• the stabilizer is mixed with the ATH. EVA / silane on the one hand and ATH / stabilizer on the other hand are gravimetrically metered into the extruder.
• the extruder temperature rises from 135 to the end of the screw 170 ° C.
• the residence time is a maximum of 150 seconds. Bands are extruded from which test specimens are produced.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
• Insulated Conductors (AREA)

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• 1999
  • 1999-06-25 DE DE19929021A patent/DE19929021A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2000
  • 2000-05-05 DE DE50012392T patent/DE50012392D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-05-05 EP EP00109631A patent/EP1063655B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-05-05 AT AT00109631T patent/ATE320657T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2000-06-22 JP JP2000187843A patent/JP2001057109A/ja active Pending
  • 2000-06-26 US US09/604,273 patent/US6403228B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

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