EP0955110B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour le fluotournage - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour le fluotournage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0955110B1
EP0955110B1 EP99101494A EP99101494A EP0955110B1 EP 0955110 B1 EP0955110 B1 EP 0955110B1 EP 99101494 A EP99101494 A EP 99101494A EP 99101494 A EP99101494 A EP 99101494A EP 0955110 B1 EP0955110 B1 EP 0955110B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blank
rolling members
forming
forming device
rolling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99101494A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0955110A3 (fr
EP0955110A2 (fr
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Köstermeier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Leico GmbH and Co Werkzeugmaschinenbau
Original Assignee
Leico GmbH and Co Werkzeugmaschinenbau
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19830816A external-priority patent/DE19830816C2/de
Application filed by Leico GmbH and Co Werkzeugmaschinenbau filed Critical Leico GmbH and Co Werkzeugmaschinenbau
Publication of EP0955110A2 publication Critical patent/EP0955110A2/fr
Publication of EP0955110A3 publication Critical patent/EP0955110A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0955110B1 publication Critical patent/EP0955110B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H5/00—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms
    • B21H5/02—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms with cylindrical outline, e.g. by means of die rolls
    • B21H5/025—Internally geared wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H5/00—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms
    • B21H5/02—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms with cylindrical outline, e.g. by means of die rolls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/12—Forming profiles on internal or external surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H7/00—Making articles not provided for in the preceding groups, e.g. agricultural tools, dinner forks, knives, spoons
    • B21H7/18—Making articles not provided for in the preceding groups, e.g. agricultural tools, dinner forks, knives, spoons grooved pins; Rolling grooves, e.g. oil grooves, in articles
    • B21H7/187—Rolling helical or rectilinear grooves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for pressure rolling according to the Preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention relates to a pressure rolling device according to the preamble of claim 16.
  • a disadvantage of this type of production is the high load on the tooth profile of the tool.
  • the internal gear When the internal gear is rolled in, it comes through the penetration of the material in the tooth profile of the tool bending and impact stress on the teeth. The one there repeated alternating loads lead to a Fatigue of the tool material. Ultimately, form Cracks and the tool fails after a short time. detailed these processes are also described in DE-A-197 13 440.
  • Tools for smooth and deep rolling are also known the basis of hydrostatically mounted ball tools. With With the help of these tools, one finds through balls or rollers Plasticization of metallic surfaces instead. In order to edge areas can be smoothed or solidified.
  • these tools can variably configurable surfaces (e.g. straight or conical Plane surfaces or bores) are machined. The transformation larger material volumes and thus the shaping of new ones Geometry is not possible with these tools, however the plasticization of the material based on the intended Production method is not possible. The transferable forces are too small for that. Each individual forming roll is separate stored. This design is not for the Deformation and the shaping of larger material volumes are suitable.
  • Such ironing press rolls with tapered rolling elements is also in "forming Mechanism of Planetary Conical Rolling "by Mori et al.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method and a pressure rolling device in which pressure rolling of profiling rods is possible, which is gentle on the workpiece and tool.
  • the object is achieved by a method according to claim 1.
  • the task is further enhanced by a pressure rolling device with the features of claim 16 solved.
  • Preferred embodiments are in the dependent claims specified.
  • the preform By storing the many rolling elements in a cage achieved that the preform by the geometrically maximum number supported by rollers on the circumference during their rotation and can be reshaped at the same time. Circle the forming rollers the preform is planetary when it touches it and reshape.
  • the preform is a rotationally symmetrical one Workpiece that is solid or a pre-machined hollow body is a piece of pipe or a pot-shaped part.
  • the preform is expediently in a relative axial movement moved by the annular rolling element arrangement. In the case of a hollow preform, this is applied to the rolling elements the chuck pressed. With a massive preform it can also only a reduction in diameter.
  • the rolling elements can be arranged in a common radial plane his.
  • the preform by tapered rollers which is inclined to the axis of rotation of the preform Roll arrangement in a conical outer ring, see above may have improved centering when inserting the preform in the rolling element arrangement and a favorable material flow be achieved. Furthermore, due to an axial displacement and positioning the rolling elements with the cage a radial Positioning and adjustment of the rolling elements possible.
  • the preform is arranged axially offset from one another Rolling body is formed, so can in the deformation process a larger diameter range to be covered if the downstream rolling elements each on a smaller inner diameter roll. With such an arrangement improved forming force distribution and impact on the preform.
  • the preform is used in an expedient process design formed by rolling elements in a forming device in distributed in two parallel planes perpendicular to the axis of rotation are arranged. This results in a simplified one Construction of a cage supporting the rolling elements.
  • rolling elements of different shapes and sizes be used in a forming device, for example in a common cage or in different, arranged one behind the other Cages.
  • a forming device for example in a common cage or in different, arranged one behind the other Cages.
  • Bodies with different inner profiles in different Diameter ranges are formed.
  • a first in a first processing plane or area Forming a preform e.g. B. a round blank is made and that by tapered rolling elements in a subordinate second working plane or area a second forming the preform is made. This can be done in one setup achieve extensive processing of the preform.
  • the radial positioning of the Rolling elements set against a spring force. With that a Self-centering and self-adjustment of the rolling elements easily achieved.
  • this step can still be carried out be carried out with the workpiece clamped.
  • the Calibration process with the set to a smaller inner diameter Rolling element arrangement executed in the forming device become.
  • the calibration process can be done with a second rolling element arrangement with a smaller inner diameter be carried out in a second forming device.
  • the generation of the relative movement between the rolling elements and the preform can be rotated by rotating an outer ring in which unroll the rolling elements with the preform stationary become.
  • the relative movement can be done by rotation the preform with the outer ring stationary or through rotation of the outer ring and the preform are carried out.
  • the method according to the invention can be expediently supplemented by about the workpiece obtained after the preform has been formed a drawing ring with an internal tooth profile for manufacturing an external toothing is pulled.
  • a rotationally symmetrical sheet metal workpiece as a preform is used, which is connected to the chuck by means of ring-shaped rolling elements is pressed.
  • the sheet metal workpiece can be a round blank or a pot-shaped part his. In this way, a sheet metal body with an inner contour be shaped according to the chuck.
  • the preform on one cylindrical chuck is clamped, which on his Outer circumference with a profile, in particular a toothing, is provided, and that the rolling elements during forming are arranged in a ring around the chuck, the Preform pressed against the outer circumference by the rolling elements and an inner profile is molded.
  • This allows profiled inside Parts, for example with internal teeth or a keyway profile.
  • An alternative embodiment of the invention consists in that the preform has a central opening and on one annular chuck is clamped in the middle, the Ring inside with a profile, in particular an internal toothing, is provided, and that for forming in the center opening a forming mandrel is fed axially to the preform, on which the rolling elements are arranged in a ring, the Preform through the rolling elements against the inside of the ring The chuck is pressed and an outer profile is formed. It can e.g. externally toothed ring gears efficiently manufactured become.
  • a particularly simple method implementation is the invention achieved in that the rolling elements during forming shifted in the cage at least in a radial direction become.
  • the rolling elements are radial in the cage Direction slidably mounted and can for example by means of of a wedge slide mechanism when deforming radially inside or radially outwards.
  • the radial Moving the rolling elements also allows when using profiled rolling elements a corresponding profile in the Form preform.
  • the profile on the rolling elements can be in Circumferential grooves and projections or a Be interlocking.
  • the task set out apparatus solved in that the forming device has a cage in which a A large number of conical rolling elements arranged in a ring around an axis of rotation and that the rolling elements in the cage each are rotatably mounted.
  • a pressure rolling device is used to carry out the procedure described above.
  • the number of rolling elements is at least two, however Depending on the size of the workpiece, the highest possible number is preferred.
  • a new forming technology becomes the axis of rotation achieved which properties of the pressure rolling with those of the Ironing combined.
  • the forming device has a race has, against which the rolling elements abut a rolling area and roll off during forming.
  • An increase in the design options with the invention Device is further achieved in that the rolling area of the race is conical that the Rolling elements in the cage are displaceable in a radial direction are stored and that for the radial displacement of the rolling elements the race is adjustable in an axial direction is.
  • the rolling elements can have an outer profile be provided. This can be a toothing or in the circumferential direction running grooves and protrusions, which form a corresponding profile into the preform.
  • the chuck is cylindrical and the forming device is annular, on the inside of the rolling elements protrude.
  • a desired one can be placed on the outer circumference of the chuck Profile should be provided, which is when pressing maps the preform onto the chuck.
  • the production of hollow bodies with an outer contour is according to the invention possible in that the chuck is annular and that the forming device as a cylindrical forming mandrel is formed, on the outside of the rolling elements protrude.
  • the forming mandrel becomes axial relative to the chuck move and inserted into a central opening of the workpiece. This central opening of the workpiece is expanded and the material against the corresponding inner contour of the ring-shaped chuck.
  • the rolling elements by means of pins or holes be stored on or in a rolling element the forming roller.
  • one becomes special robust storage however, achieved in that the rolling elements for rotatable storage in pocket-shaped recesses are inserted in the cage.
  • This also allows a special one close arrangement of the individual rolling elements side by side.
  • simple solid elements can be used as rolling elements be, for example rolls or rollers from conventional Roller bearings.
  • the bearings of the rolling elements consist of a annular cage body with radial grooves for tangential Bearings and a conical race on which the Roll rolling elements for radial bearing.
  • a locking ring on The cage body keeps the rolling elements in their axial position.
  • a device 10 or a tool for carrying out the invention Procedure has a plurality of rollers as rolling elements 11 (14 rollers in the illustrated embodiment), which in recesses 12, which are in an annular support body or cage 13 of the device 10 are formed, received and axially and are guided radially.
  • a fixed outer race or outer ring 14 is in a housing 15 of device 10 used and forms an outer, hardened track 16 for the rollers while an inner raceway 17 is to be reshaped Preform 18 is formed.
  • the ring-shaped cage 13 is radial and rotatable in the housing via a ball bearing 19 15 of the device 10 stored.
  • a thrust bearing 20, for example a needle bearing supports the cage 13 axially via a spring device, z. B. in the form of several coil springs 21, on one with the housing 15 z. B. by screwing connected housing end part 22.
  • the cage 13 is designed such that the rolling elements 11 if there is no inner tread, d. H. if the preform 18 not yet or no longer in the tool or device 10 is added to be held in position.
  • This holding function can thus be provided, for example be that holding elements such as front pin 23 on
  • the rollers are molded or attached in the holes 24 rotatable in a retaining ring 25 connected to the cage 13 are included.
  • Profiles or Bores can be attached to the rolling elements 11. expedient is to clear the outside diameter of the rollers Keep inner diameter to each other by the outer jacket of the rolling element 11 in a recess of a ring supports, so that roller segments 59 from the inner diameter protrude the bore of the ring (see Fig. 7).
  • the geometries of the treads are designed so that they both the requirement profile of the forming as well as the geometric Meeting the requirement of passing them on to one another.
  • the rolling elements 11 can be in relation to the outer race 14 in axial direction can be adjusted. If over the preform 18 a compressive force in the axial direction on the device 10 applied depends on the outside Race 14 the small opening diameter 30 of the enveloping circle as it has been set by the adjustment. With this function, the enveloping circle of the rollers 11 can become one larger diameter to be opened when retracting the Preform 18 no additional spinning operation on the ironed Workpiece.
  • rollers can be adapted to the forming become. It has proven expedient to use rolling elements usual tapered roller bearings to use, which in large numbers and thus inexpensively manufactured as mass parts.
  • the outer race 14 can completely from the corresponding Roller bearings are taken over.
  • the number of rolling elements 11 can correspond to the required forming forces per roller depending on the roller division compared to the original roller bearing be reduced.
  • Parameters are the feed of the forming device, the speed of the workpiece or forming device and the number and shape of the individual shaped bodies.
  • the combination is ideal for internal and external gears between the pressure rolling with the tool proposed here and a pulling device with a pull ring.
  • the drawing ring can be exchanged as a tool in the forming center be so that after the pressure rolling with a hollow body tool a drawing ring with a corresponding inner profile is drawn over the previously rolled workpiece.
  • the external toothing is advisable in axial
  • the tooth profiles created in this way can then be synchro unit located in a pressure rolling machine according to DE 196 01 020 A1 with a molding wheel, profiled, calibrated and solidified in the tooth flanks.
  • FIG. 2 and 3 show a comparison of the invention Process compared to a conventional pressure rolling process with a maximum of three rollers.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of how three rolling elements 11a, 11b and 11c a preform or a workpiece Roll 35 onto a tool 36 in a conventional manner.
  • 3 shows in comparison the application of the invention Process.
  • 14 rolling elements 11.1 to 11.14 a workpiece 37 on a cylindrical Tool 38 reshaped.
  • the force application of three rolling elements 11a, 11b and 11c in 2 leads to the circumference of the preform 35 to a significant bulge 39 of the preform 35 between the Force application points 40 due to the introduced tangential stresses. Due to the relatively large distance between the Rolling to each other is the unsupported perimeter 41 in which the preform 35 can bulge, very large. The bulge the required tangential stress is therefore relative low and the deviation 39 from the circular ideal shape relatively large. The result is a high-frequency alternating load of the profile in the tool chuck, which has a very high risk of profile breakage causes. Due to the separate storage and the size of the forming rollers or rollers finds an independent centering of the gear cutting tool not instead. However, it always finds that one roller has to react to the movement of the other, there is a constant bending of the tool.
  • Fig. 3 shows how, according to the method according to the invention, the use of significantly more and significantly smaller rolling elements 11.1-11.14, which run on a common outer ring (not shown), reduces the respective deflection 44 with increasing number of rolling elements 11 and moves towards zero, since the respective unsupported circumference 42 between two force application points 43 is significantly reduced. It can also be seen that the deflection at the same tangential tensions, because of the shorter distance between the rolls, cannot become so great in order to achieve comparable values as can occur with three rolls. In practice, the bulge 44 is negligible compared to the deformation with the three rolling elements 11a-11c.
  • the application of force when forming with only three rollers is relatively uneven.
  • the cause is the asymmetrical application of force by the differently positioned forming tools.
  • the teeth are not supported evenly.
  • the tool teeth are first supported on one side.
  • the tooth is loaded on one side and it bends.
  • the material flow into the tooth gaps is more uniform, the alternating load due to the bulging being reduced to a minimum.
  • the workpiece supports both the front and the back of the teeth and thus significantly reduces the one-sided load.
  • Fig. 4 shows a preform 18 on which an internal toothing to be manufactured.
  • the preform 18 is cup-shaped and can, for example, by a pressure rolling process are manufactured. But also others, e.g. B. machined Preforming can be reshaped using the process described here become.
  • the cylindrical body of the preform 18 receives on the inlet side of the forming devices, a chamfer 32, the Angle 45 is identical to the angle of the inner roller tread 17 to the center or the axis of rotation 46 of the Forming device 10 (see Fig. 1).
  • the workpiece 48 is a workpiece 48 after the preform has been deformed 18 shown.
  • the forming process can, for example an oblique internal toothing 53 can be produced.
  • the workpiece 48 is axially lengthened by the deformation (cf. the axial ones identified with reference numerals 49 and 50, respectively Lengths in FIGS. 4 and 5) and the wall thickness (cf. the axial wall thicknesses identified by reference numerals 51 and 52, respectively 4 and 5).
  • the device 10 is shown, which is preferably used for the forming and that differs only slightly from that of FIG. 1.
  • This device is based on a tapered roller bearing.
  • Such a tapered roller bearing is modified in such a way that his inner ring is removed first.
  • the now Exposed rolling elements 11 of the tapered roller bearing are instead through a usual cage of the tapered roller bearing secured a special cage 13, which is an annular Cage body 13a and a locking ring 13b. In radial grooves that taper towards the workpiece
  • the rolling elements 11 are inserted in the cage base body 13a.
  • the rolling elements 11 are radially through a race 14 and axially held by the lock ring 13b. It also fixes the position of the rollers and their displacement to each other excluded.
  • the Rolls themselves can be modified on the front side Have pins (see Fig. 1), profiles or holes.
  • the locking ring 13b is during the deformation by the Springs 21 and the needle bearing 20 axially supported.
  • the feathers 21 press the locking ring 13b with the rolling elements 11 out of the outer conical race 14 and make it a relatively large inner diameter 30 as for Removing the parts is required. Presses during the forming process a preform 18 in the axial direction on the rolling elements 11 in the cage 13, the springs 21 are compressed and the inner diameter 30 to the effective inner diameter reduced, previously by an adjustment in the axial direction has been discontinued.
  • the locking ring 13b is radial supported by the ball bearing 19. Move during forming the rollers in or on the outer ring 14, the Roll rolling elements 11 planetary and thereby the cage body 13a with the locking ring screwed to it 13b turn. Find for the molding of an internal toothing preferably profiled rollers application.
  • the use of balls also possible in combination with rollers as rolling elements.
  • the balls used can be made on the front protrude the inlet side of the support body, used for this form a round blank into a cylindrical preform, the downstream rollers the cylindrical area reduce the preform in the same clamping in the outer diameter and roll onto a toothed tool.
  • 11 and 12 is a device 10 with balls 61 shown in the form of an angular contact ball bearing in the cage 13 are arranged and adapted to the on the balls 61 Support the outer ring 14 axially and radially.
  • rollers or balls generally the rolling elements 11, depends on the respective tooth geometry and on the forces necessary for the deformation. In the present example 14 rollers are used. On the one hand, this will Bulging of the workpiece as much as possible during production avoided, on the other hand sufficient centering of the Forming tool 10 guaranteed.
  • rollers rotate in the support body during the forming or cage 13 about its own axis and run planet-like around the preform 18.
  • Forming tool 10 via the outer ring 14 or the housing 15 to rotate with the planetary rolling elements 11, i.e. to drive the tool chuck with the preform 18 shut down.
  • FIG. 8 shows the structure of the device for rolling Toothing.
  • a preform 18 is, for example, in a Press-rolling machine clamped and over a toothed Spinning chuck 62 pushed.
  • the inner diameter of the preform 18 corresponds to the outer diameter of the chuck 62.
  • the preform 18 is on its bottom between the two drive spindles 63 and 64 of the pressure rolling machine clamped.
  • a forming device is on one in the case shown here Cylinder 65 of a drive spindle 63 (tailstock) Machine attached.
  • a piston 66 is supported on one Page 67 against an oil filling in a cylinder chamber 68 and clamps on the other, opposite side 69 the preform 18 non-positively.
  • the speed of the rollers 11 can be according to the number of teeth to be manufactured or the outer diameter of the workpiece by varying the speed of Workpiece or forming device can be adapted.
  • the shaping proceeds as shown in Fig. 9, the Fig. 9.1 to 9.4 represent the individual processing steps.
  • the preform 18 is made by the forward movement of one Drive spindle (main spindle) 64 in the direction of the forming device 10 driven (Fig.9.1).
  • the piston 66 in pressed the cylinder 68.
  • the forming device 10 initially touch the rolling elements 11 the outer radius of the preform 18.
  • the preform 18 further towards the forming device 10 and in this moves into it.
  • the springs 21 compress in the forming device 10 and set the effective inner diameter.
  • the rotating rolling elements 11 roll the preform 18 onto the externally toothed chuck 62 on (Fig. 9.2 and 9.3).
  • the chuck 62 corresponds.
  • the preform 18 is elongated and reduced the wall thickness.
  • the time is to change direction depending on the respective tooth geometry and the selected one Feed. With the change of direction, the direction becomes the tangential rotation of the workpiece 18 on the chuck 62, as in conventional pressure rolling processes occurs, changed. After the deformation, the spindle 64 moves back again and the now internally toothed workpiece 70 removed with a scraper, for example.
  • inner straight or internal helical gears are reproducibly formed, which have a high degree of dimensional accuracy.
  • Gear teeth produced by rolling have a high degree on work hardening, which may result in a suitable choice of material and surface post-treatment a subsequent heat treatment can be saved.
  • a mechanical post-processing the surface is usually not necessary. It workpieces can be formed that have not yet been produced without cutting could become.
  • a pot-shaped preform 18 is between a chuck 82 with external teeth 81 and a tailstock 84 firmly clamped.
  • a forming device 10 used with rolling elements 11 which essentially corresponds to the previously described forming devices.
  • the cage 13 for supporting the rolling elements 11 includes axial and radial sliding surfaces without additional bearings in the housing 15.
  • the spinning chuck 82 is mounted on a cover 87 so that it cannot rotate, which on an essentially tubular main spindle socket 83 is flanged.
  • the one not shown Main spindle stub can be set in rotation 83 has a tensioning device in its inner cavity 88 on.
  • the tensioning device 88 which in the illustrated Embodiment is a plate spring assembly, can also hydraulic spring.
  • the plate spring assembly is between an annular stop 91 and one in the main spindle socket 83 displaceable pressure plate 89 arranged. At the Pressure plate 89 a plurality of pressure bolts 90 are attached, which through appropriately designed openings the cover 87 penetrate.
  • the pressure bolts 90 contact an end face a sleeve-shaped counter-holder 85, which is axially displaceable is mounted on the chuck 82.
  • the counterhold 85 lies with its end facing away from the pressure pin 90 on an end face at the free end of the preform 18 to one undesirable elongation of the preform 18 when molding the Counteract internal teeth.
  • the displacement path of the counter holder 85 on the chuck 82 is marked by a radially inwardly projecting shoulder 86 limited to the counter-holder 85, which in a corresponding trained groove engages on the chuck 82.
  • the size of the force of the counter-holder 85 depends on the resistance the preform to be formed 18. For a uniform Tooth filling, it is preferred that the clamping device 88th exerts a constant pressure, such as through a disc spring package or a hydraulic spring in simple Way is achievable.
  • the sleeve-shaped Counterholder 85 has a slope 92 at its end, whose helix or taper angle to the angle of the conical arranged rolling element 11 is adapted.
  • FIG. 14 shows a further device according to the invention, in which an annular spinning chuck 82a with internal teeth 94 is provided.
  • an annular spinning chuck 82a with internal teeth 94 is provided on the chuck 82a .
  • a preform 18 clamped as a workpiece with a central opening.
  • the chuck is via a drive, not shown 82a relative to a spindle 93 about an axis of rotation 46 rotatable. With an axial relative movement between the The chuck 82a and the spindle 93 are formed.
  • An ejector 78 can be axial, not shown Clamping according to the type of Fig. 13 and / or for ejection of the finished workpiece.
  • the pusher 78 can be fixed or co-rotating.
  • a forming device 95 is on to form a forming mandrel a spindle 93 attached by means of a clamping plate 96.
  • the Forming device 95 comprises a cage 13 and a radial internal conical race 14.
  • the cage 13 is made from a basic race body 13a and a locking ring 13b.
  • There are pocket-shaped recesses in the cage base body 13a provided in which conical rolling elements 11 are inserted and axially by the screwed locking ring 13b are held.
  • the pocket-shaped recesses taper radially outwards towards the workpiece.
  • the rolling elements 11 each have a rolling element axis 9 that is to the axis of rotation 46 stands at an acute angle.
  • FIG. 15 Another device according to the invention is shown in FIG. 15, where the top half is a state at the beginning of reshaping and the lower half against a condition End of forming shows.
  • a chuck 82 with an external toothing 81 is one Pot-shaped preform 18 clamped and rotatable about the axis of rotation 46 driven.
  • the preform 18 is by axial Delivery of the tailstock 84 clamped, on which a forming device with an annular cage 13 and mounted therein Rolling elements 11 is attached.
  • the rolling elements 11 are rotatable in the cage 13 and in a radial direction Slidably mounted in recesses to the axis of rotation 46 and axially fixed.
  • a race 14 with a conical rolling surface 98 in a non-rotatable actuator 97 attached, which is axially displaceable to the tailstock 84 is.
  • the control element 97 After tensioning the preform 18, the control element 97 with a hydraulic piston by a stroke h in Moved towards the chuck 82.
  • the conical Rolling area 98 in cooperation with the conical Arrangement of the rolling elements 11 results in a wedge slide mechanism, through which the rolling elements 11 radially inwards are pushed and the cylindrical wall of the Preform 18 is pressed into the external toothing 81.
  • a cage 13 there are two rolling elements 11 rotatably and radially displaceably, which a External profile with circumferential grooves and projections exhibit.
  • the rolling elements 11 are simple in pocket-shaped recesses on a cage body 13a inserted and rotatable and displaceable in these recesses held and axially fixed in position by a locking ring 13b.
  • an actuating element 97 is provided, which in addition to a shifting movement in the axial direction also the function of the race takes over.
  • a conical rolling area 98 provided on which the rolling elements 11 roll.
  • the fixed, axially displaceable preform 18 is placed on a Form region 82b of the chuck 82 to a fixed Mandrel 79 pushed.
  • the mandrel 79 is also axially fixed.
  • Actuator 97 receives through the axial displacement movement in the area of the conical treads 98 contact with the conical running surfaces 98a of the rolling elements 11.
  • the rolling elements 11 have contact with the limit 99 of the mandrel 79 and the axial stroke H of the control element 97 is extended.
  • the actuating element 97 is retracted
  • Rolling elements 11 have no contact with limitation 99. You are at a distance from this limitation 99.
  • the finished workpiece is released by the rolling elements 11.
  • the rolling element 11 can be the preform 18, which is a tube is to be replaced.
  • the preform 18 is in position by Clamping device clamped on the chuck 82.
  • the device shown in FIG. 16 is on a 1: 1 scale shown. This makes it clear that according to the invention a particularly simple and therefore very compact arrangement for spinning even small parts.
  • the preform 18 is a piece of pipe, at its free end a connector socket is molded.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Claims (24)

  1. Procédé de fluotournage dans lequel une préforme (18) est serrée sur un mandrin de fluotournage (82) avec un profilage et est façonnée au moyen d'au moins un corps roulant (11), la préforme (18) tournant autour d'un axe de rotation (4) par rapport au corps roulant (11) et étant repoussée dans le profilage du mandrin de fluotournage (82),
       caractérisé en ce que la préforme (18) est façonnée par une pluralité de corps roulants coniques (11) qui sont disposés en anneau autour de l'axe de rotation (46) et sont montés rotatifs dans une cage annulaire (13), les corps roulants coniques (11) repoussant de la matière de la préforme (18) radialement dans le profilage du mandrin de fluotournage (82).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la préforme (18) est déplacée lors du façonnage dans un mouvement axial relatif par rapport aux corps roulants (11) disposés en anneau.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la préforme (18) est façonnée par les corps roulants coniques (11) qui roulent par rapport à l'axe de rotation (46) de la préforme (18) avec une disposition inclinée dans une voie de roulement conique (14).
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la préforme (18) est façonnée par des corps roulants (11) décalés axialement les uns par rapport aux autres.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la préforme (18) est façonnée par des corps roulants (11) qui sont répartis dans un dispositif de façonnage (10) dans deux plans parallèles, perpendiculaires à l'axe de rotation.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que des corps roulants (11) de diverses formes sont employés dans un dispositif de façonnage (10).
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'un premier façonnage d'une préforme, par exemple un rond; est effectué par des corps roulants sphériques dans un premier plan ou zone de traitement; et en ce que dans un deuxième plan ou zone de traitement ultèrieur, un deuxième façonnage de la préforme est effectué par des corps roulants coniques.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le positionnement radial des corps roulants (11) est ajusté contre la force d'un ressort.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la direction de rotation relative entre la préforme (18) ou le mandrin de fluotournage (82) et les corps roulants (11) est modifiée en alternance.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le mouvement relatif entre les corps roulants (11) et la préforme (18) est produit par rotation d'une bague extérieure dans laquelle roulent les corps roulants (11) avec la préforme (18) immobile, par rotation de la préforme (18) avec la bague extérieure immobile, ou par une rotation de la bague extérieure et de la préforme (18).
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise comme préforme une pièce en tôle à symétrie de rotation, qui est pressée contre le mandrin de fluotournage (82) au moyen des corps roulants (11) disposés en anneau.
  12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la préforme (18) est serrée sur un mandrin de fluotournage (82) cylindrique qui est muni d'un profilage, en particulier d'une denture extérieure (81) sur sa circonférence extérieure, et en ce que, lors du façonnage, les corps roulants (11) sont placés en anneau autour du mandrin de fluotournage (82), la préforme (18) étant pressée contre la circonférence par tes corps roulants (11) et un profil intérieur étant ainsi repoussé.
  13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la préforme (18) présente une ouverture centrale et est serrée au centre sur un mandrin de fluotournage annulaire (82a), dont la face intérieure annulaire est munie du profilage, en particulier d'une denture intérieure (94), et en ce que, pour le façonnage, un ergot de façonnage est approché axialement dans l'ouverture centrale de la préforme (18), ergot sur lequel les corps roulants (11) sont placés en anneau, la préforme (18) étant poussée par les corps roulants (11) contre la face intérieure annulaire du mandrin de fluotournage (82a) et un profil extérieur étant ainsi formé.
  14. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que, lors du façonnage, les corps roulants (11) sont poussés dans la cage (13) au moins dans une direction radiale.
  15. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12 et 14, caractérisé en ce qu'un anneau d'emboutissage avec un profil denté intérieur est enfilé sur la pièce obtenue après le façonnage de la préforme pour produire une denture extérieure.
  16. Dispositif de fluotournage, en particulier pour appliquer le procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 15, avec
    un dispositif de façonnage qui présente au moins un corps roulant (11),
    un mandrin de fluotournage (82) avec un profilage sur lequel est tenue une préforme (18) et qui est mobile axialement par rapport au dispositif de façonnage afin de repousser la préforme (18) dans le profilage, et
    un entraínement pour produire une rotation de la préforme (18) par rapport au dispositif de façonnage,
       caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de façonnage présente une cage annulaire (13) dans laquelle est placée une pluralité de corps roulants coniques (11) disposés en anneau autour d'un axe de rotation (46), et
    en ce que les corps roulants (11) sont montés rotatifs dans la cage (13).
  17. Dispositif de fluotournage selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que les axes (9) des corps roulants forment un angle aigu, en particulier un angle compris entre 10° et 60°, avec l'axe de rotation (46).
  18. Dispositif de fluotournage selon la revendication 16 ou 17, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de façonnage présente une bague de roulement (14) sur laquelle des corps roulants (11) s'appuient dans une zone de roulement (98) et roulent lors du façonnage.
  19. Dispositif de fluotournage selon la revendication 18, caractérisé en ce que le zone de roulement (98) de la bague de roulement (14) est conique, en ce que les corps roulants (11) sont montés mobiles dans une direction radiale dans la cage (13), et en ce que, pour le déplacement radial des corps roulants (11), la bague de roulement (14) est mobile dans une direction axiale.
  20. Dispositif de fluotournage selon l'une des revendications 16 à 19, caractérisé en ce que le mandrin de fluotournage (82) est cylindrique et en ce que le dispositif de fluvtournage est annulaire, sur la face intérieure duquel les corps roulants (11) forment saillie.
  21. Dispositif de fluotournage selon l'une des revendications 16 à 19, caractérisé en ce que le mandrin de fluotournage (82a) est annulaire et en ce que le dispositif de façonnage est réalisé sous la forme d'un ergot de façonnage cylindrique ou conique, sur la face extérieur duquel les corps roulants (11) forment saillie.
  22. Dispositif de fluotournage selon l'une des revendications 16 à 21, caractérisé en ce que les corps roulants (11) sont insérés dans des évidements en forme de poches dans la cage (13) pour obtenir un montage rotatif.
  23. Dispositif de fluotournage selon l'une des revendications 16 à 22, caractérisé en ce que les corps roulants (11) sont munis d'un profil extérieur.
  24. Dispositif de fluotournage selon l'une des revendications 16 à 23, caractérisé en ce qu'un contre-appui (85) est placé sur le mandrin de fluotournage (82) pour mettre en contact une face frontale de la préforme (18), et en ce que le contre-appui (85) est précontraint en direction de la préforme (18).
EP99101494A 1998-05-07 1999-01-27 Procédé et dispositif pour le fluotournage Expired - Lifetime EP0955110B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19820470 1998-05-07
DE19820470 1998-05-07
DE19830816A DE19830816C2 (de) 1998-05-07 1998-07-09 Verfahren zum Drückwalzen und Drückwalzvorrichtung
DE19830816 1998-07-09

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EP0955110A3 EP0955110A3 (fr) 2000-05-24
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US6227024B1 (en) 2001-05-08
JP3202204B2 (ja) 2001-08-27
CA2271115A1 (fr) 1999-11-07
EP0955110A2 (fr) 1999-11-10
JP2000202556A (ja) 2000-07-25

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