EP0871791B1 - Procédé de fabrication de chemises de cylindre - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication de chemises de cylindre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0871791B1
EP0871791B1 EP96930115A EP96930115A EP0871791B1 EP 0871791 B1 EP0871791 B1 EP 0871791B1 EP 96930115 A EP96930115 A EP 96930115A EP 96930115 A EP96930115 A EP 96930115A EP 0871791 B1 EP0871791 B1 EP 0871791B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thick
tube
walled tube
hot deformation
walled
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96930115A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0871791A1 (fr
Inventor
Bernhard Commandeur
Rolf Schattevoy
Klaus Hummert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WKW AG
Original Assignee
Erbsloeh AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Erbsloeh AG filed Critical Erbsloeh AG
Publication of EP0871791A1 publication Critical patent/EP0871791A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0871791B1 publication Critical patent/EP0871791B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/115—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by spraying molten metal, i.e. spray sintering, spray casting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0408—Light metal alloys
    • C22C1/0416—Aluminium-based alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/123—Spraying molten metal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing liners for internal combustion engines a heat resistant and wear resistant hypereutectic Al - Si alloy.
  • Liner bushings are components that are subject to wear and tear and that enter the cylinder openings of the The crankcase of the internal combustion engine can be inserted, pressed in or cast in.
  • the cylinder running surfaces of an internal combustion engine are subject to severe friction stress the piston or through the piston rings and locally occurring high temperatures exposed. It is therefore necessary that these surfaces be made of wear-resistant and heat-resistant Materials exist.
  • the surface of the To provide cylinder bore with wear-resistant coatings there are numerous processes, the surface of the To provide cylinder bore with wear-resistant coatings.
  • Another possibility consists of placing a liner made of a wear-resistant material in the cylinder.
  • Gray cast iron bushings used, but one in comparison to aluminum materials have low thermal conductivity and have other disadvantages.
  • the problem was initially solved by a cast cylinder block from a hypereutectic AlSi alloy solved.
  • the silicon content is for casting reasons limited to a maximum of 20% by weight.
  • Another disadvantage of the casting process is note that during the solidification of the melt silicon primary particles with relatively large dimensions (approx. 30 - 80 ⁇ m) can be eliminated. Due to the Size and their angular and sharp-edged shape lead to wear on pistons and Piston rings. One is therefore forced through the pistons and the piston rings to protect appropriate coatings / coatings. The contact area of the Si particles the piston / piston ring is leveled by mechanical processing.
  • hypereutectic AlSi alloys can be produced, which are due to the high Si content, the fineness of the Si particles and the homogeneous distribution a very have good wear resistance and through additional elements such as Fe, Ni or Mn get the required heat resistance.
  • the Si primary particles present in these alloys have a size of approx. 0.5 to 20 ⁇ m. So that's how they are Alloys made suitable for a liner material.
  • EP-A-411 577 and WO 87/03012 describe the spray compacting of hollow cylinders, the so-called Pipe blanks, known, according to EP-A the tube blanks are made of a hypereutectic Al-Si alloy. For example, the manufacture of pipe blanks with wall thicknesses from 25 to 40 mm. To thin-walled when forming such tube blanks Pipes e.g. extrusion causes the same problems described above
  • the object of the invention is therefore an improved and far Cost-effective method for the production of thin-walled tubes, in particular for To provide cylinder liners of internal combustion engines, the manufactured liners with regard to the required property improvements Wear resistance, heat resistance and reduction of pollutant emissions should.
  • the object is achieved by a method having the method described in claim 1 specified process steps solved.
  • the required tribological properties are achieved in particular by the fact that Silicon particles as primary precipitates in a size range from 0.5 to 20 ⁇ m, or as added particles in a size range up to 80 ⁇ m in the material.
  • Si particles as primary precipitates in a size range from 0.5 to 20 ⁇ m, or as added particles in a size range up to 80 ⁇ m in the material.
  • methods must be used which allow a much higher rate of solidification of a high-alloy melt than with conventional casting process is possible.
  • spray compacting For The desired properties are achieved using a high-alloy aluminum alloy melt atomized and in a nitrogen jet with a cooling rate of Cooled down to 1000 ° C / s.
  • the partially still liquid powder particles are placed on a horizontal around the longitudinal axis rotating support tube made of a similar material or a conventional aluminum material (e.g. AlMgSi0.5) sprayed.
  • the carrier tube which preferably has wall thicknesses of 2 - 3 mm, becomes linear during the process the spray jet shifted.
  • By superimposing the rotation and the Translational movement of the carrier tube creates a cylindrical tube with a fixed given inner diameter.
  • the outside diameter results from the Feed rate and the effective compacting rate. That way you can Tubes with wall thicknesses of 6 to 20 mm can be produced.
  • suitable feed and Guiding systems for the carrier tubes can be a quasi-continuous production operation can be achieved.
  • the spray compacting process also offers the possibility of introducing particles into the bolt via a particle injector that were not present in the melt. Since these particles can have any geometry and any size between 2 ⁇ m and 400 ⁇ m, there are a variety of setting options for a structure. These particles can be, for example, Si particles in the range from 2 ⁇ m to 400 ⁇ m or oxide-ceramic (for example Al 2 O 3 ) or non-oxide-ceramic particles (for example SiC, B 4 C, etc.) in the aforementioned particle size range, as are commercially available and for the tribological Aspect make sense.
  • oxide-ceramic for example Al 2 O 3
  • non-oxide-ceramic particles for example SiC, B 4 C, etc.
  • the structural state of the spray-compacted pipe can be determined by subsequent Aging anneals can be changed. Through annealing, the structure can be reduced to one Si grain size of 2 to 30 microns can be set as required for the tribological Properties is desirable.
  • the growth of larger Si particles during the Annealing process is caused by diffusion in the solid at the expense of smaller Si particles. This diffusion depends on the aging temperature and the duration of the Annealing treatment. The higher the temperature, the faster the Si grains grow. Suitable temperatures are around 500 ° C, with an annealing time of 3-5 Hours is sufficient.
  • Hot forming (different methods are possible) a reduction in the wall thickness to the required gauge blocks reached.
  • the process temperatures are preferably between 300 ° C and 500 ° C. Thereby, hot forming is not only used for forming, but also for Closure of the process-related residual porosity (1 - 5%) in the spray-compact Source material.
  • the pipe formed to the end wall thickness is then cut into pipe sections required length divided.
  • the inventive method has the advantage that the material for the liner can be tailored. At the same time, the high level of effort involved in Extrusion of thin-walled tubes both in terms of baling pressure and Press speed as well as product quality and economy through the described Production method successfully avoided.
  • An alloy of the composition AlSi25Cu2.5Mg1Ni1 is at a melt temperature of 830 ° C with a gas / metal ratio of 4.5m 3 / kg (standard cubic meters of gas per kilogram of melt) by spray compacting on a carrier tube (inner diameter: 69.5 mm, wall thickness : 2.0 mm) at a feed rate of approx. 0.6 m / min to a tube with a wall thickness of 15.0 mm.
  • the Si precipitates exist in the size range from 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m under the conditions mentioned.
  • the spray-compacted tube is subjected to an annealing treatment of 4 hours at 520 ° C.
  • the Si deposits are in the size range from 2 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
  • the spray-compacted tube is formed from an outside diameter of 98 mm to an outside diameter of 79 mm and an inside diameter of 69 mm, which is formed by a mandrel. The degree of deformation is sufficient to completely close the aforementioned residual porosity in the spray-compacted tube. No other structural change occurs during the round kneading.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Insulators (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Procédé de production de boítes de glissement pour moteurs thermiques en alliage AlSi hypereutectique, caractérisé par le fait que
    une masse d'alliage AlSi en fusion est déposée par compactage par pulvérisation sur un tube support en rotation de sorte qu'il se forme un tube à paroi épaisse d'une épaisseur de paroi de 6 à 20 mm en matériau AlSi hypereutectique, les particules primaires de Si contenues ayant une taille de 0,5 à 20 µm, de préférence une taille de 1 à 10 µm,
    ce tube à paroi épaisse est soumis en cas de besoin à un recuit de survieillissement en vue d'un grossissement des particules primaires de Si, les particules primaires de Si croissant jusqu'à une taille de 2 à 30 µm,
    ce tube étant réduit à une épaisseur de paroi de 1,5 à 5 mm par un procédé de formage à chaud à des températures de 250 à 500 °C,
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait qu'on utilise pour la production du tube une masse d'alliage en fusion de la composition suivante:
    Al Si(17-35) Cu(2,5-3,5) Mg(0,2-2,0) Ni(0,5-2).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait qu'on utilise pour la production du tube une masse d'alliage en fusion de la composition suivante:
    AI Si(17-35) Fe(3-5) Ni(1-2).
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait qu'on utilise pour la production du tube une masse d'alliage en fusion de la composition suivante:
    Al Si(25-35).
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait qu'on utilise pour la production du tube une masse d'alliage en fusion de la composition suivante:
    Al Si(17-35), Cu(2,5-3,3) Mg(0,2-2,0) Mn(0,5-5).
  6. Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait que lors du compactage par pulvérisation, le silicium est introduit dans le tube en partie par la masse d'alliage en fusion AlSi utilisée et en partie sous forme de poudre de Si au moyen d'un injecteur de particules.
  7. Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait que lors du compactage par pulvérisation, des particules supplémentaires de nature céramique oxydée ou non céramique oxydée résistantes à l'usure sont introduites au moyen d'un injecteur de particules.
  8. Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé par le fait que le recuit de survieillissement destiné au grossissement des particules primaires de Si est effectué à des températures de 460 à 540 °C pendant une période de 0,5 à 10 heures.
  9. Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé par le fait que le formage à chaud du tube à paroi épaisse se fait par corroyage ou compression par martelage circulaires.
  10. Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé par le fait que le formage à chaud du tube à paroi épaisse se fait par laminage par outil intérieur.
  11. Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé par le fait que le formage à chaud du tube à paroi épaisse se fait par fluotournage.
  12. Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé par le fait que le formage à chaud du tube à paroi épaisse se fait par étirage.
  13. Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé par le fait que le formage à chaud du tube à paroi épaisse se fait par laminage annulaire.
  14. Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé par le fait que le formage à chaud du tube à paroi épaisse se fait par extrusion en avant ou en arrière, au choix avec ou sans contre-pression.
  15. Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé par le fait que le tube formé à la cote finale de diamètre et d'épaisseur de paroi est divisé en sections de la longueur voulue.
EP96930115A 1995-09-01 1996-08-28 Procédé de fabrication de chemises de cylindre Expired - Lifetime EP0871791B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19532252A DE19532252C2 (de) 1995-09-01 1995-09-01 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Laufbuchsen
DE19532252 1995-09-01
PCT/EP1996/003780 WO1997009459A1 (fr) 1995-09-01 1996-08-28 Procede de fabrication de tuyaux minces

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0871791A1 EP0871791A1 (fr) 1998-10-21
EP0871791B1 true EP0871791B1 (fr) 2000-11-29

Family

ID=7770982

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96930115A Expired - Lifetime EP0871791B1 (fr) 1995-09-01 1996-08-28 Procédé de fabrication de chemises de cylindre

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (2) US6136106A (fr)
EP (1) EP0871791B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3664315B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100258754B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1066493C (fr)
AT (1) ATE197821T1 (fr)
BR (1) BR9610546A (fr)
DE (2) DE19532252C2 (fr)
DK (1) DK0871791T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2152560T3 (fr)
GR (1) GR3035368T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT871791E (fr)
WO (1) WO1997009459A1 (fr)

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CN114683535A (zh) * 2020-12-28 2022-07-01 扬诚精密医材股份有限公司 三维打印设备
CN114669617B (zh) * 2022-05-27 2022-08-26 江苏中天科技股份有限公司 一种特耐热铝合金耐张管材

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KR100258754B1 (ko) 2000-06-15
JP3664315B2 (ja) 2005-06-22
BR9610546A (pt) 1999-07-06
DE59606173D1 (de) 2001-01-04
GR3035368T3 (en) 2001-05-31
WO1997009459A1 (fr) 1997-03-13
US6485681B1 (en) 2002-11-26
US6136106A (en) 2000-10-24
ES2152560T3 (es) 2001-02-01
EP0871791A1 (fr) 1998-10-21
ATE197821T1 (de) 2000-12-15
DE19532252C2 (de) 1999-12-02
DE19532252A1 (de) 1997-03-06
PT871791E (pt) 2001-03-30
JPH11501991A (ja) 1999-02-16
DK0871791T3 (da) 2000-12-27
KR19990043982A (ko) 1999-06-25
CN1066493C (zh) 2001-05-30
CN1194014A (zh) 1998-09-23

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