Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
  • E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
  • E04H12/22—Sockets or holders for poles or posts
  • E04H12/2253—Mounting poles or posts to the holder

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device for the vertical arrangement of a pole-shaped or post-shaped object on a base-side fastening device, according to the preamble of claim 1.
• fastening devices which can be anchored in the ground and which then have the pile or carry post-shaped object.
• the fastening device which can be anchored in the ground comprises, for example, a screw or screw which is screwed into the ground in a corkscrew manner, after which the post or post is then screwed to this fastening device or inserted into it.
• DE-GM 93 13 260 proposes an adjusting or adjusting device between a fastening device that can be anchored in the ground, for example a ground screw, and the pole-shaped or post-shaped object to be fixed thereon.
• this adjusting device essentially comprises a cylindrical, elongated holding mandrel which projects upwards from the free upper side of the fastening device and which extends into a receiving bore on the underside of the pile. or post-shaped object can be inserted.
• the axial length of the holding mandrel and the depth of the receiving bore are selected so that the former is somewhat longer than the latter, so that when the stake or post-shaped object is placed on the holding mandrel, its free end sits on the bottom of the mounting hole.
• the pile-shaped or post-shaped object is now aligned exactly vertically, if necessary with the aid of a plumb line or a spirit level, after which one or more blows are applied to the upper end of the object, so that the free end of the holding mandrel is in the bottom of the blind hole digs in and the object is fixed in position in its exactly vertical orientation with respect to the fastening device.
• DE-GM 93 13 260 The subject of DE-GM 93 13 260 has proven itself extensively in practice; at the same time, there is still the lack of detail that due to the tight, form-fitting encirclement of the pin by the material of the post or post, the post shoe itself must be anchored exactly vertically in the ground in order to ensure a vertical position of the post or post held thereby. Moreover, the post shoe according to DE-GM 89 03 236 can cause problems with loosening of the fastening device on the bottom if the material of the post or pile is particularly hard, so that the toothed ring is pressed into the end face of the post or post requires a certain amount of effort.
• DE-GM 93 13 260 proposes adjusting devices between the post and the fastening device in further embodiments in order to be able to align the post exactly vertically even when the fastening device is sitting obliquely or obliquely in the floor, these adjusting devices are rather complex and so expensive.
• This known device comprises a fastening device at the bottom in the form of an anchoring part which can be anchored in the ground or in a foundation and which is arranged thereon with the pile or posts which can be brought into engagement in a form-fitting manner.
• the support part is designed as a vertically extending pin which is held in a recess on the underside of the post in such a way that the post tightly encloses the pin on the circumference, ie practically positively.
• a mounting surface or support plate for the post from the level of which the pin projects upwards and on which the bottom of the post rests.
• the support plate also carries a circumferential ring gear which digs into the face by applying impact to the upper end of the post and offers a positional fixation in the transverse direction.
• a transverse pin is provided which horizontally penetrates both the material of the post and the material of the pin.
• the post shoe according to DE-GM 89 03 236 supports the post or the post at a certain distance above the ground, so that it is better protected against weather conditions due to rain, snow or the like and against animal and plant pest infestation .
• the post shoe according to DE-GM 89 03 236 can be used to solve the problem there and also essentially no problems with loosening the fastening device are to be expected, since the post - with the exception of the impact on the upper end - essentially is pushed force-free onto the spigot, but this post shoe or this fastening device in turn has the essential disadvantage that the post shoe itself is anchored exactly vertically in the ground due to the material of the post or post due to the tight, form-fitting gripping of the post must to ensure a vertical position of the post or pile held with it.
• the post shoe according to DE-GM 89 03 236 may also have problems with loosening of the bottom side Make fastening device if the material of the post or pile is particularly hard, so that the pressing of the ring gear into the end face of the post or pile requires a certain amount of force. Because of the blow or the blows with which the post-shaped or post-shaped object is fixed to the fastening device, it must / must be rather strong in order to achieve the necessary holding forces for the post-shaped or post-shaped object. In the worst case - especially in loose soil or sand - the fastening device can therefore tend to loosen again due to these blows, so that with higher forces acting on the object there is a risk that the object will lose its vertical orientation again or even knock over.
• the present invention has set itself the task of creating a device for vertically arranging a pole-shaped or post-shaped object on a ground-side fastening device, in which after the ground-side fastening device has been fixed, the exact vertical orientation of the pole to be fixed thereon is determined - or post-shaped object can be adjusted subsequently but permanently, the arrangement of the fastening device in the ground not being able to change or loosen during this adjustment process.
• This play makes it possible to tilt the post or post within a certain angular range or to place it obliquely on the holding mandrel, with this inclined or tilted position being able to compensate for any oblique positions of the base-side fastening device with respect to the vertical.
• a plurality of fastening projections preferably protrude from the support plate on which the pile-shaped or post-shaped object is supported with its underside, as is known per se from DE-GM 89 03 236.
• the fastening projection projecting upward from the support plate can be designed in the form of a closed circumferential ring.
• the at least one fastening projection is preferably bevelled like a knife blade on its free upper side.
• the at least one fastening projection can dig into the material of the post or post-shaped object. If the bevel-like bevel extends towards the longitudinal center axis of the device according to the invention, there is a risk of being blown open or open. tearing of the material of the pile-shaped or post-shaped object is minimized in the course of the penetration of the at least one fastening projection.
• the holding mandrel is preferably tubular and is also bevelled like a knife blade on its upper peripheral edge. As a result, not only does at least one fastening projection dig into the material of the pile-shaped or post-shaped object, but the holding mandrel also digs into the material of the object on the end wall of the receiving bore.
• the holding mandrel can have an essentially horizontally running through hole, which is penetrated by an undersize pin.
• the pin then runs with a precise fit in a transverse bore which is formed in alignment with the through bore in the holding mandrel in the pile-shaped or post-shaped object.
• This measure represents a pull-out or pull-off protection in such a way that the pile-shaped or post-shaped object can no longer be easily pulled off the device according to the invention by means of tensile forces directed vertically upwards.
• this fastening option offers the advantage that even tall posts can be securely clamped, which, because of their vertical extension, do not permit or only very difficultly apply an impact to their upper end.
• This fastening option is / may also be of particular advantage in the case of posts or piles in which, owing to certain requirements (for example avoiding splintering or indenting the upper end due to a striking tool), no striking or ramming tool can / may be used.
• the pin runs through the through hole in the holding mandrel with undersize, this pin does not hinder any necessary tilting movements of the pile-like or post-like object for its vertical alignment.
• the pin is preferably a threaded pin which is screwed into the transverse bore in the post or post-shaped object. As a result, the pin can only be loosened with an appropriate tool, so that the security of the connection is increased.
• the support plate can preferably be adjusted vertically along the holding mandrel.
• the advantage here is that first the relative length of the holding mandrel can be exactly adapted to the receiving bore made in the pile or post-shaped object.
• the pile-shaped or post-shaped object can be braced on the device according to the invention, in particular in connection with the embodiment with the horizontally running pin.
• the vertical adjustment of the support plate takes place in that the support plate is seated on a support plate, which in turn is in threaded engagement with the outer circumference of the holding mandrel. By turning the support plate on the thread of the holding mandrel, it moves vertically upwards or downwards and takes the support plate accordingly with it.
• the holding mandrel can consist of two coaxial pipe sections, the outer pipe section being vertically displaceable with respect to the inner pipe section and, when the outer pipe section is displaced vertically upwards, the upper end region expands horizontally or radially becomes.
• the outer tube section here preferably has a plurality of deformable tongues at its upper end region, which, when the outer tube section is displaced vertically, on stationary counter profiles of the inner tube section. section and run horizontally / radially from them.
• the support plate can be formed in one piece on the fastening device. Due to the missing moving parts, this embodiment is particularly simple in construction and handling.
• the support plate is designed as a component which is separate from the fastening device and can be fastened to the lower end face of the post-shaped or post-shaped object and which, when the holding mandrel is inserted into the receiving bore, on the underside of the post-shaped or post-shaped object non-positively and / or positively connected to at least a portion of the outer circumference of the holding mandrel, there is no need for a strong impact or strong impacts on the upper end to fix the bottom or end face of the pile or post-shaped object to the support plate or its at least one fastening projection of the pile-shaped or post-shaped object in order to drive the at least one fastening projection into the end face of the pile-shaped or post-shaped object in addition to driving the upper end of the holding mandrel into the bottom of the receiving bore.
• the support plate preferably has a central opening, which with its circumferential edge fits against at least a portion of the outer circumference of the holding mandrel in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting manner.
• This is a design of the support plate that can be easily mastered in terms of production technology, but can be operated with the least effort in practice, in order to fix it to the holding mandrel.
• the opening can have a polygonal or round cross-section, depending on the cross-section of the holding mandrel and the requirements that may exist.
• a round cross section should be particularly advantageous in terms of the manufacturing effort both for the holding mandrel and the receiving bore on the underside of the pile-shaped or post-shaped object and for the production of the opening in the support plate.
• the inside diameter of the opening is at most the same, preferably smaller than the outside diameter of the holding mandrel.
• This self-holding effect can be intensified and thus improved by the fact that at least a portion of the outer circumference of the holding mandrel has knurling.
• that the opening in the support plate is surrounded by a plurality of resilient tongues, whereby the inside diameter of the opening chung is smaller than the outer diameter of the holding mandrel, by digging the tips of the holding tongues into the knurls on the holding mandrel, a reliable position fixation and in particular rotation of the attached pile or post-shaped objects is ensured.
• FIG. 1 is an exploded view of an embodiment of the present invention in a disassembled state
• FIG. 2 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 1 in the assembled state
• FIG. 3 shows a top view of an embodiment of a support plate
• FIG. 4 shows a view corresponding to FIG. 3 of a further embodiment of a support plate
• 5A and 5B show a further embodiment of the present invention
• 6A and 6B show a further embodiment of the present invention.
• FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention for the vertical arrangement of a post or post-shaped object (hereinafter referred to as "post") on a base-side fastening device.
• FIG. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of a device 2 according to the invention, which is used for the vertical arrangement of a post 4 on a fastening device 6 which can be anchored in the ground, for example.
• the fastening device 6 can, for example, be buried in the ground or concreted in, or preferably screwed into the ground in the manner of a corkscrew.
• a particularly preferred embodiment of the fastening device 6 is described in DE-GM 93 13 258 of the same applicant. Reference is hereby made in full to the disclosure content there.
• this has at the upper free end of the fastening device 6 a recessed area or shoulder 8 which carries a tubular holding mandrel 10 in the center.
• the outside diameter of the holding mandrel 10 is significantly smaller than the inside diameter of a receiving or blind bore 12 which is formed at the lower free end of the post 4.
• the depth of the bore 12 is preferably less than the height of the holding mandrel 10.
• a support plate 16 can be arranged between the shoulder 8 and an end face 14 of the post 4, where the bore 12 is made.
• the support plate is in shape and surface It is preferably adapted to the shape and surface of the end face 14, that is to say generally in the form of a circle, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
• From the top of the support plate 16 in the direction of the end face 14 at least one, preferably a plurality of fastening projections 18 upwards.
• a plurality of prong, prong or spike-shaped fastening projections 18 can extend upwards from the support plate 16, or the fastening projection 18 is designed in the form of a closed circumferential ring which surrounds the circumference of the support plate 16 .
• the fastening protrusion (s) 18 are preferably bevelled at their upper free end in the manner of a knife blade, the bevelling extending towards the longitudinal central axis of the device 2.
• the upper free edge of the holding mandrel 10 is also beveled like a knife blade. If the knife-blade-like bevels run towards the longitudinal center axis of the device 2 according to the invention, the risk of being blown open or tearing open of the material of the post 4 in the course of the penetration of the projections is minimized.
• the post 4 is fastened to the device 2 in such a way that the fastening device 6 is first anchored in the ground, for example by screwing in or concreting in.
• the support plate 16 is placed on the bottom or face 14 of the post 4 and connected to the face 14.
• the fastening projections 18 are provided on the support plate 16, which protrude into the material of the post 4 when one or more hammer blows are applied to the support plate 16.
• the fastening projection 18 is also formed in the form of a closed circumferential ring which surrounds the circumference of the support plate 16.
• a plurality of bores 20 can be provided in the support plate 16 which allow nails or staples or the like to pass through the material of the support plate 16 with the aid of such fastening means on the end face of the post 4 allow so that the support plate 16 can be attached.
• the support plate 16 has a central opening 22 which is formed in the support plate 16 so that it is substantially aligned with the bore 12 in the lower end portion of the post 4 after the attachment of the support plate 16 on the end face 14.
• the post 4 according to FIG. 1 is placed on the fastening device 6 from above, the holding mandrel 10 being inserted into the bore 12 with a certain force through the opening 22.
• the post 4 has a base area 24 of the bore 12 on the upper edge of the holding mandrel 10.
• the post 4 is tilted, preferably with the aid of a plumb bob or a spirit level, such that any misalignments of the fastening device 6 are compensated for and the post 4 stands exactly vertically.
• This tilting of the post 4 with respect to the fastening device 6 is made possible by the fact that, according to the invention, the outside diameter of the holding mandrel 10 is significantly smaller than the inside diameter of the bore 12, so that the mandrel 10 can run obliquely or obliquely in the interior of the bore 12. as shown in Fig. 2.
• the post 4 is exactly vertical, one or more blows are applied to the upper free end of the post 4 with a hammer or another suitable ramming instrument, so that the upper circumferential edge of the holding mandrel 10 extends into the base area 24 digs the bore 12 and so according to FIG Post 4 is held opposite the fastening device 6.
• the post 4 is held with the support plate 16 interposed on the holding mandrel 10 in the vicinity of the shoulder 8, the support plate 16 also resting or sitting on the shoulder 8 in whole or in part, depending on the degree of tilting of the post 4.
• the support plate 16 is held on the holding mandrel 10 in that the inside diameter of the opening 22 is at most the same, preferably smaller than the outside diameter of the holding mandrel 10. This results in a non-positive and / or positive engagement or connection of the support plate 16 with at least a partial area of the outer circumference of the holding mandrel 10, so that the position of the post 4 is immovable relative to the fastening device 6.
• This non-positive and / or positive connection of the support plate 16 or the opening 22 there with the holding mandrel 10 can be reinforced by the fact that at least a portion of the outer circumference of the holding mandrel 10 is provided with a knurling 26.
• the opening 22 in the support plate 16 can be framed with a plurality of resilient tongues 28, which deform when the post 4 is pushed onto the holding mandrel 10, the holding mandrel 10 passing through the opening 22, elastically deforming (ie bend upwards), so that, in particular in connection with the knurling 26, the support plate 16 and thus the post 4 are securely fixed relative to the fastening device 6. Due to the flexibility of the tongues 28, the tilting of the post 4 with respect to the holding mandrel 10 and thus the fastening device 6 is also possible in a larger area.
• the knife-like bevel is tapered in the direction of the longitudinal central axis of the device 2, no outward expanding or bursting forces are exerted on the material of the post 4, so that the entire lower region of the post 4 - with the exception of the or the penetrated fastening projections 18 - remains uninjured and thus less susceptible to weather influences, animal or vegetable pests or the like.
• the cross section of the opening 22 depends essentially on the cross section of the holding mandrel 10. That means that if the holding mandrel 10 is tubular with a circular cross section, the opening 22 also preferably has a round cross section, as shown in FIG. 3, wherein if necessary, the resilient tongues 28 are also provided. However, the opening 22 can also have a square (FIG. 4: solid lines) or polygonal (FIG. 4: dashed lines) cross section. A polygonal, i.e. polygonal cross section of the opening 22 can also be used with a round cross section of the holding mandrel 10. Resilient retaining tongues can also be provided in the case of the square or polygonal cross section of the opening 22.
• the forces required on the posts 4 to attach it to the attachment device 6 are limited to those forces which are are necessary for plugging the post 4 onto the holding mandrel 10, the latter passing through the opening 22, which is preferably made with an undersized dimension, and the forces necessary for pressing or hammering the mandrel 10 into the base surface 24.
• the danger that the fastening device 6 would be brought up on the posts 4 Loosening forces when fastening it in the ground is thus significantly reduced.
• 5A to 8 show further embodiments of the present invention for the vertical arrangement of a pile-shaped or post-shaped object on a base-side fastening device.
• FIGS. 5A to 8 the same reference symbols denote the same or corresponding parts as in FIGS. 1 to 3; these parts will not be explained again.
• the device 2 shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B at the upper free end of the fastening device 6 it has the recessed area or shoulder 8, which in turn carries the tubular holding mandrel 10 in the center. 5B, the outside diameter of the holding mandrel 10 is again clearly or substantially less than the inside diameter of the receiving or blind bore 12. The depth of the bore 12 is again the same, but preferably about less than that Holding mandrel height 10.
• At least one fastening projection 18 extends radially outward from the shoulder or the support plate 8 upwards.
• a plurality of jagged or thorn-shaped fastening projections 18 can extend upwards from the shoulder 8, or else the fastening projection 18 is designed in the form of the closed circumferential ring which surrounds the shoulder 8.
• the fastening projections or the fastening projections 18 are chamfered like a knife blade at their upper free end, the chamfer to the longitudinal central axis of the Device 2 runs out.
• the upper free edge of the holding mandrel 10 is also beveled like a knife blade.
• the post 4 is fastened to the device 2 in such a way that the fastening device 6 is first anchored in the ground again, for example by screwing in or concreting in.
• 5A is then placed onto the fastening device 6 from above, the holding mandrel 10 being inserted into the bore 12.
• the post 4 is seated with its lower surface or end face 14 on the fastening projections 18 and the end or base surface 24 of the bore 12 is seated on the upper edge of the holding mandrel 10.
• the item 4 is then tilted - preferably with the aid of a plumb bob or a spirit level - in such a way that any misalignments of the fastening device 6 are compensated for and the item 4 is positioned exactly vertically.
• This tilting of the post 4 relative to the fastening device 6 is made possible by the fact that the outside diameter of the holding mandrel 10 is significantly smaller than the inside diameter of the bore 12, so that the mandrel 10 can run obliquely or obliquely in the interior of the bore 12, as shown in FIG 5B.
• 5A and 5B is always sufficient if no laterally applied tensile forces are applied in later use, that is to say, for example, in the case of supporting or supporting beams which absorb pure pressure forces. However, if such upward tensile forces are to be expected, one of the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 3 or 6A to 8 is preferably used.
• FIGS. 6A to 8 the same reference symbols again designate the same or corresponding parts as in FIGS. 5A and 5B.
• the device 2 there again comprises the holding mandrel 10, which is preferably formed in one piece on the fastening device.
• the holding mandrel 10 has an essentially horizontal through bore 30.
• an external thread 32 is formed on the fastening device 6 and engages with an internal thread on a support plate 34.
• the support plate 16 is seated on the upper side of the support plate 34 and is freely displaceable along the external thread 32, ie it is not in engagement with the external thread 32. From the support plate 16, the fastening protrusions 18 protrude upwards again.
• the through bore 30 is penetrated by a horizontally extending pin 36, which is inserted in a horizontally extending bore 38 in the post 4.
• the pin 36 has a considerable undersize in relation to the through bore 30, so that, according to FIG. 6B, the pin 36 and thus the post 4 can be tilted with respect to the fastening device 6, the pin 36 being undersized in the through hole due to the undersize. tion 30 can run obliquely.
• the pin 36 is preferably inserted with a precise fit in the bore 38 of the post 4, particularly preferably screwed in, so that the holder of the pin 36 is secured in the post 4.
• the post 4 is first placed on the holding mandrel 10 from above and then secured in the bore 30 by means of the pin 36.
• the pin 36 thus represents a pull-out or pull-off protection for the item 4 towards the top.
• the support plate 34 is rotated, so that it is moved upwards along the external thread 32 in FIGS takes along.
• the or the fastening projections 18 dig into the lower surface 14 of the post 4.
• the item 4 can optionally be tilted relative to the fastening device 6 before the support plate 34 is screwed up, in order to be able to compensate for any inclinations of the fastening device 6.
• the item 4 is braced on the fastening device 6 in any desired position by the support plate 34 and thus by the support plate 16 on the one hand and by the engagement connection between the pin 36 and the through bore 30 serving as a pull-out or pull-off protection.
• Fig. 7 shows a modification of the embodiment shown in Figs. 6A and 6B.
• a screw 42 extends from the support plate 16 with the interposition of a washer 40 upwards into the material of the post 4.
• the threaded portion of the screw 42 is in engagement with an internal thread 44 which is formed in a pin 46 which is essentially horizontal in a bore 48 runs. 7, the pin 46 has an undersize in relation to the bore 48.
• a hexagon head 50 of the screw 42 is accessible through a cutout 52 in the fastening device 6, the cutout 52 extending over a certain amount on the circumference, for example 90 °.
• the screw 42 is set in rotation by means of an open-ended wrench or similar tool which engages the screw head 50 via the recess 52. As can be seen directly from FIG.
• FIG. 8 shows a further embodiment of the present invention.
• the embodiment according to FIG. 8 is characterized in particular by the fact that the holding mandrel 10 consists of two coaxial pipe sections, namely an outer pipe section 54 and an inner pipe section 56.
• the outer pipe section 54 preferably merges in one piece into the support plate 16 with the fastening projection 18 projecting upward therefrom.
• the support plate 16 lies on the support plate 34, which is in engagement with an externally threaded section on the holding mandrel 10 or the inner tube section 56.
• the inner pipe section 56 is flared in the manner shown in FIG. 8 and the outer pipe section 54 has a plurality of tongues 58.
• the tongues 58 are formed in that the material of the outer tube section 54 in the upper free end region is provided with a plurality of recesses 60.
• the conical or funnel-shaped widening of the inner tube section 56 forms a correspondingly conical or funnel-shaped counter surface 62 against which the tongues 58 rest.
• the post is placed over the holding mandrel 10, so that the lower surface of the post sits on the knife-blade-like bevel of the attachment protrusion (s) 18.
• the support plate 34 is then rotated upward — optionally with a suitable tool — along the external thread section on the inner tube section 56, as a result of which the support plate 16 is also moved upward in FIG. 8.
• This upward movement of the support plate 16 is transmitted via the outer tube section 54 to the tongues 58, so that the tongues 58 are bent essentially horizontally or radially outward by the conical counter surface 62 and are incorporated into the material of the post inside dig in the hole 12 there.
• the fastening protrusion (s) 18 penetrate into the lower surface of the post, so that the post is securely supported.
• the bore in the post has an oversize relative to the holding mandrel 10, so that the necessary vertical position corrections are carried out before the post is finally tightened or clamped can.

Landscapes

• Architecture (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
• Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
• Devices For Checking Fares Or Tickets At Control Points (AREA)
• Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
• Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
• Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
• Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
• Sanitary Device For Flush Toilet (AREA)
• Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
• Earth Drilling (AREA)
• Assembled Shelves (AREA)
• Insulators (AREA)
• Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
• Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
• Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
• Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
• Foundations (AREA)
• Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

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• 1996
  • 1996-08-22 PL PL96325172A patent/PL325172A1/xx unknown
  • 1996-08-22 AU AU68764/96A patent/AU6876496A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1996-08-22 CZ CZ98407A patent/CZ40798A3/cs unknown
  • 1996-08-22 BR BR9610275-6A patent/BR9610275A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1996-08-22 JP JP9509829A patent/JPH10512935A/ja active Pending
  • 1996-08-22 WO PCT/EP1996/003704 patent/WO1997008409A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1996-08-22 CA CA002226965A patent/CA2226965A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 1996-08-22 TR TR1998/00275T patent/TR199800275T1/xx unknown
  • 1996-08-22 RO RO98-00295A patent/RO116660B1/ro unknown
  • 1996-08-22 EP EP96929308A patent/EP0846210B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-08-22 EE EE9800052A patent/EE9800052A/xx unknown
  • 1996-08-22 EA EA199800136A patent/EA000198B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1996-08-22 DE DE19680712T patent/DE19680712D2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-08-22 SK SK196-98A patent/SK19698A3/sk unknown
  • 1996-08-22 AT AT96929308T patent/ATE244807T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1996-08-22 CN CN96196336A patent/CN1193372A/zh active Pending
  • 1996-08-22 IL IL12337796A patent/IL123377A0/xx unknown
• 1998
  • 1998-02-16 BG BG102256A patent/BG102256A/xx unknown
  • 1998-02-20 NO NO980716A patent/NO980716L/no not_active Application Discontinuation

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