EP0708905B1 - Heissluft-trockner zur trocknung beschichteter oberflächen - Google Patents

Heissluft-trockner zur trocknung beschichteter oberflächen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0708905B1
EP0708905B1 EP94920973A EP94920973A EP0708905B1 EP 0708905 B1 EP0708905 B1 EP 0708905B1 EP 94920973 A EP94920973 A EP 94920973A EP 94920973 A EP94920973 A EP 94920973A EP 0708905 B1 EP0708905 B1 EP 0708905B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
hot air
chamber
hot
drier according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94920973A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0708905A1 (de
Inventor
Dragoslav Milojevic
Manfred Lösch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
UK Secretary of State for Defence
ABB Technology FLB AB
Original Assignee
UK Secretary of State for Defence
ABB Flaekt AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6493374&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0708905(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by UK Secretary of State for Defence, ABB Flaekt AB filed Critical UK Secretary of State for Defence
Publication of EP0708905A1 publication Critical patent/EP0708905A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0708905B1 publication Critical patent/EP0708905B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/28—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun
    • F26B3/283—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun in combination with convection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
    • F26B23/10—Heating arrangements using tubes or passages containing heated fluids, e.g. acting as radiative elements; Closed-loop systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2210/00—Drying processes and machines for solid objects characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2210/12—Vehicle bodies, e.g. after being painted

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hot air dryer for drying coated surfaces according to the preamble of claim 1, as used, for example, for drying surface-coated automobile bodies or the like.
  • Such a hot air dryer is known from US-A-4,493,641.
  • Liquid paints are primarily used in the field of car body painting. Both application techniques in which the liquid paint is sprayed finely with the aid of spray nozzles are used, as well as dip painting processes. What these coating processes have in common is that when a coating system is used, part of the solvent present in the coating in the coating remains in the applied coating layer. In order to avoid damage to the paint surface due to mechanical stress, these solvents must be removed or the paint layer must be cured. Dryers are used for this purpose after the painting.
  • the drying of surface-coated automobile bodies is mostly carried out in special dryer tunnels in the automotive industry.
  • the coated automobile body passes through a tunnel-shaped furnace which is divided into different zones / areas.
  • the coated body located on the inside of the dryer on a transport device is heated and part of the solvent from the applied surface layer is removed (radiation or heating zone).
  • the applied surface layer must not be subjected to excessive mechanical stress, since it has not yet fully hardened. For this reason, the energy required for heating the body and curing the applied surface layer is supplied without contact, in the form of heat radiation.
  • jet pockets can be heated electrically or with the help of a hot air stream.
  • T max maximum value
  • T min minimum value
  • the body to be dried After heating up in the blasting zone, the body to be dried reaches the second zone, the convection, Air circulation or holding zone. The body is kept at a constant temperature level within the holding zone. During this time, the paint layer is fully cured. In order to prevent the body from cooling, thermal energy in the form of a hot air stream is conducted into the interior of the dryer to the body.
  • a hot air dryer for drying coated surfaces is known from US Pat. No. 4,493,641, which is composed of a plurality of area modules arranged one behind the other in the transport direction of the body. These modules are radiation (heating) and convection (holding) zone modules or zone modules, which can be converted from convection to radiation modules through closable inner wall openings.
  • a partition is arranged in the hot air chambers that laterally surround the dryer or module interior so that an outer and an inner chamber are formed.
  • the two chambers are each connected at their lower end by an opening, whereby a deflection space is formed.
  • the hot air introduced into the outer chamber from above flows downward in it, is deflected and flows upward in the inner chamber.
  • the hot air in the inner chamber flows at least partially upwards and also in the course of the flow through openings in the inner wall into the interior of the dryer, where it is drawn off at the top.
  • the hot air introduced is discharged again, which means that there is a high demand for hot air.
  • the hot air also flows through the outer chamber first and then through the inner chamber, so that considerable heat losses can already be recorded before the hot air enters the inner chamber.
  • GB-A-635 437 describes a drying oven which has two chambers.
  • the article to be dried is inserted in a first chamber and dried by heat radiation.
  • the article to be dried is then introduced into a second chamber in which the exhaust air from the first chamber is circulated.
  • the hot gases are drawn off from the first chamber by a fan and pass through a line into the second chamber, where they are drawn off for recirculation.
  • DE-A-24 17 021 describes a drying process in which dry air is drawn off from the drying room and is fed back to the drying room after heating up again.
  • the temperature of the recirculated, heated air is higher than the temperature in the drying room.
  • the drying room there is an injector from which primary warm air emerges at a relatively high speed and draws in secondary air from the drying room.
  • the primary and secondary air mix in a shaft and in an underfloor room, from where they reach the drying room through grates.
  • the upper temperature limit and the amount of energy to be transferred to the material to be dried determine the amount of hot air to be supplied to the blasting bag or the interior of the dryer and its temperature.
  • this has the disadvantage that relatively large amounts of hot air have to be conducted from a heat exchanger, with indirect heating, or from a burner system, with direct heating, to the dryer or removed from the dryer. It would be cheaper to work with a lower, but higher temperature, amount of hot air.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a hot-air dryer of the type mentioned above, by means of which the amount of hot air to be supplied to the dryer is reduced, so as to reduce the material requirement for hot-air ducts and blowers and thus to shorten the heating-up time of the dryer when starting up the system .
  • a device for introducing a primary air stream heated above the temperature T max with an increased flow rate is arranged at the lower end of the inner maximum permissible drying chamber. Furthermore, the lower connecting opening located in the partition between the two chambers is designed as an intake opening in such a way that at least part of the hot air flow flowing down in the outer chamber is drawn in as a secondary air flow and mixed with the primary air flow.
  • suction opening for the secondary air flow and the introduction device for the primary flow are designed so that only a relatively small amount of the overheated primary air flow is mixed with the continuously circulating secondary air flow.
  • either a nozzle device or a cross-flow fan device can be arranged as the introduction device for the primary air flow, these in each case running essentially horizontally along the inner hot air chamber.
  • a nozzle device it is advantageous to provide it in such a way that the injected primary air flow sucks in secondary air in the manner of a jet pump, conveys it and at the same time mixes with it.
  • the nozzle device can have one or more gap nozzles or nozzles with circular, oval or angular outlet cross sections.
  • Adjustable shutters for the exhaust air can be provided to regulate the ratio of the primary and secondary air drawn in.
  • the inner walls of the former are continuously closed, i.e. air-impermeable, while the latter are on the underside for the air inlet and on the top for the air outlet into and out of the dryer interior.
  • the type of secondary air circulation with the admixture of overheated primary air of a smaller extent, remains basically the same.
  • the hot air chambers are formed as radiation pockets through the air-impermeable inner walls, the respective partition walls essentially pulling the entire radiation pockets vertically apart from an upper deflection space and the lower suction opening.
  • an inner and an outer jet pocket chamber are formed, which enable a circulation of the hot air as a constantly circulating secondary flow through the upper and lower deflection spaces or openings.
  • the primary air flow which is smaller in circumference, is introduced at the bottom of the inner blasting pocket chamber and the blasting pocket exhaust air flow is extracted at the lower end of the outer blasting pocket chamber.
  • a secondary air flow constantly circulating in the vertical plane moves through the chambers, to which primary air, which has been overheated in a certain quantity ratio, is added in the inner chamber and extracted in the same ratio, cooled air in the outer chamber.
  • the blasting properties of the blasting pockets are further increased by the fact that the inner wall on its surface facing the interior has a coating which is known per se and whose radiation coefficient is greater than that of the uncoated blasting pocket material. This increases the efficiency even more.
  • the convection zone (forced air dryer chamber) are how previously mentioned, provisions for the passage of hot air flows are provided in the lower and upper height section of the inner wall.
  • the hot air chamber into an inner and an outer chamber dividing wall is drawn in this zone only over the lower passage section, so that the mixed air stream flowing up in this inner chamber flows through the lower passage section into the interior of the dryer and its heat by convection directly to the releases the coated object contained therein.
  • the air stream cooled in this way then re-enters the hot air chamber at the upper passage section.
  • a dryer exhaust air duct is provided, through which part of the cooled hot air flowing into the duct is discharged, while another part flows downward in the outer chamber and at the lower end through the suction opening into the inner chamber and here mixed with the incoming primary air, after which a new cycle begins.
  • a heating register is arranged in the outer chamber, which heats the sucked-in, cooled secondary air stream again.
  • the admixed primary air stream does not have to be overheated to such a high degree or be of only a small volume in order to obtain the correct heating or drying temperature together with the secondary air stream.
  • the temperature limit for the primary air flow is the condition that the mixed temperature of the primary and secondary air flow must not exceed the value T max .
  • FIG. 1 shows a dryer cross section with an integrated air duct in the blasting pockets of the blasting zone.
  • the blasting pockets each consist of two chambers: chamber A (7) and chamber B (8).
  • a partition wall 22 is located between the two chambers. Both chambers are connected via an upper deflection space 24 and a lower suction opening 9 for the secondary air 18.
  • a primary air flow 17 is led via an air duct 13 to the jet pocket A (7) and via a nozzle device 10 blown into an injector mixing chamber 11.
  • the nozzle device extends in the body conveying direction over the entire jet pocket length, so that a uniform supply of the primary air or a uniform distribution of the jet pocket temperature is ensured over the entire jet pocket length, as can also be seen from FIG. 5.
  • the primary air stream 17 injected into the chamber A (7) via the nozzle device 10 spreads according to the laws of the free jet and sucks secondary air in the manner of a jet pump from the jet pocket chamber B (8) via the suction opening 9.
  • the amount of air drawn in depends on the flow impulse of the injected hot air.
  • the kinetic energy of the injected air must be large enough to ensure adequate air circulation in the jet pockets.
  • Primary air flow 17 and secondary air flow 18 mix in the injector mixing chamber 11 to form a total air flow and are conveyed upward by the primary air 17 continuously blown in via the nozzle device 10 and through the blasting pocket in the direction of the blasting pocket exhaust air duct 12.
  • the hot air stream heats the jet pocket wall 23, which has a coating whose radiation coefficient is greater than that of the uncoated jet pocket material. During this process, the total air flow cools down. At the suction opening 9, the secondary air 18 is sucked in again due to the injector effect of the primary air jet 17. In this way, a secondary air stream 18 circulating in the jet pocket or an air stream integrated in the jet pocket is created.
  • the primary air flow 17 takes on both the transport of the amount of heat required for the heating and drying process (temperature of the primary air flow is crucial), as well as the transport of the necessary for the creation of the integrated air flow Amount of energy (primary air pre-pressure at the nozzle device).
  • the nozzle device 10 can be built in various modifications. This means that one or more flat slit nozzles can be used, as can nozzles with circular, oval or square outlet cross-sections.
  • dryer supply air can be introduced directly from above as a dryer supply air flow 19 and on the underside, i.e. under the conveyor device 14 for the automobile bodies 1, as a dryer exhaust air flow 20 through a dryer exhaust duct 15.
  • the integrated air duct is realized with cross-flow fans 25.
  • the crossflow fans 25 installed in the horizontal direction suck in both primary and secondary air and convey the mixture of both airflows into the jet pocket chamber A (7).
  • an air duct 13 is provided below the cross-flow fans, which ensures a uniform primary air flow via the cross-flow fans of the jet pocket chamber A (7).
  • the quantity ratio between the two air flows can be regulated by means of adjustable louvre flaps 26.
  • This dryer module for the holding zone consists of a provided in the outer housing 4 Dryer interior 6 and two laterally arranged air circulation chambers 28.
  • the primary air flow 17 is conducted via an air duct 2 to the nozzle device 10 and is blown into the injector mixing space 11 there.
  • the nozzle device extends in the body conveying direction over the entire length of the holding zone, so that a uniform supply of primary air or a uniform distribution of the temperature over the entire holding zone is ensured.
  • the primary air stream 17 injected into the injector mixing chamber 11 via the nozzle device 10 expands in accordance with the laws of the free jet and sucks in secondary air 18 via the suction opening 9.
  • the amount of secondary air flow 18 drawn in depends on the flow impulse of the injected hot air 17.
  • the kinetic energy of the injected air 17 must be so large that sufficient circulating air operation is ensured in the holding zone.
  • Primary air flow 17 and secondary air flow 18 mix in the injector mixing chamber 11 to form a total air flow and are conveyed upward through the dryer supply air filter 5 in the direction of the body 1.
  • There the hot air flow gives off its thermal energy by convection.
  • the total air flow cools down.
  • the cooled air is sucked off in the upper region of the holding zone, with some of the air being drawn off via an upper exhaust air duct 15. Another part of the exhaust air is extracted below the body conveyor device 14. The remaining air flow is sucked in due to the injector action of the primary air jet 17.
  • the primary air flow 17 takes over both the supply of the amount of heat required for the compensation of heat losses and for the drying process (determines the temperature of the Primary air flow) as well as the transport of the amount of energy required to create the integrated air flow (primary air pressure at the nozzle device).
  • cross-flow fans 25 installed in the horizontal direction draw in both primary and secondary air and convey the mixture of both air flows into the interior 6 of the holding zone.
  • a heating register 27 can also be installed within the circulating air chamber 28 in order to compensate for the heat losses in the secondary stream 18.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
EP94920973A 1993-07-21 1994-07-06 Heissluft-trockner zur trocknung beschichteter oberflächen Expired - Lifetime EP0708905B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4324488A DE4324488C2 (de) 1993-07-21 1993-07-21 Verfahren und Heißluft-Trockner zur Trocknung beschichteter Oberflächen
DE4324488 1993-07-21
PCT/EP1994/002210 WO1995003517A1 (de) 1993-07-21 1994-07-06 Verfahren und heissluft-trockner zur trocknung beschichteter oberflächen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0708905A1 EP0708905A1 (de) 1996-05-01
EP0708905B1 true EP0708905B1 (de) 1997-11-05

Family

ID=6493374

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94920973A Expired - Lifetime EP0708905B1 (de) 1993-07-21 1994-07-06 Heissluft-trockner zur trocknung beschichteter oberflächen

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US5657555A (zh)
EP (1) EP0708905B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH09501764A (zh)
CN (1) CN1050660C (zh)
AU (1) AU7187694A (zh)
BR (1) BR9407143A (zh)
CA (1) CA2167815A1 (zh)
DE (1) DE4324488C2 (zh)
ES (1) ES2111942T3 (zh)
WO (1) WO1995003517A1 (zh)

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JP5728556B2 (ja) * 2013-10-18 2015-06-03 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 不織布の嵩回復装置
CN103743221B (zh) * 2014-01-13 2018-07-06 周海波 燃气催化无焰红外辐射加热烘干器
CN104101202B (zh) * 2014-08-07 2016-05-18 广西铂焰红外线科技有限公司 移动式燃气催化无焰红外辐射门型组装结构烘干装置
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CN107208970B (zh) * 2015-01-26 2020-12-01 日产自动车株式会社 涂装干燥装置及涂装干燥方法
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DE102015214706A1 (de) 2015-07-31 2017-02-02 Dürr Systems Ag Behandlungsanlage und Verfahren zum Behandeln von Werkstücken
DE102015214711A1 (de) 2015-07-31 2017-02-02 Dürr Systems Ag Behandlungsanlage und Verfahren zum Behandeln von Werkstücken
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4324488C2 (de) 1998-02-05
CN1050660C (zh) 2000-03-22
ES2111942T3 (es) 1998-03-16
CN1129478A (zh) 1996-08-21
EP0708905A1 (de) 1996-05-01
JPH09501764A (ja) 1997-02-18
DE4324488A1 (de) 1995-01-26
US5657555A (en) 1997-08-19
BR9407143A (pt) 1996-09-17
WO1995003517A1 (de) 1995-02-02
CA2167815A1 (en) 1995-02-02
AU7187694A (en) 1995-02-20

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