Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
  • E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
  • E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
  • E01C7/35—Toppings or surface dressings; Methods of mixing, impregnating, or spreading them

Definitions

• Reflective body made of transparent material for application on traffic areas or traffic guidance areas
• the invention relates to reflective bodies made of transparent material for application to traffic areas, in particular streets, or to traffic guidance areas, to a method for producing these reflective bodies and to their use.
• reflex bodies in the form of colorless, transparent glass beads or reflex beads have been known, which are applied to horizontal markings, in particular to marking lines which delimit the lanes. These reflex beads increase the night visibility of the horizontal markings in the headlight of the cars.
• Such reflective beads and their use for better visualization of horizontal markings are known in particular from EP-B-0 280 102 by the same applicant.
• FR-A-1 386 085 it is also known to provide glass beads directly on the surface of the road surface, which are partially embedded in the surface, so that they protrude from the road with a spherical segment and the night visibility of the same by reflection increase the headlight. It is also mentioned that colored glass beads can be used, for example, to color-code special routes.
• Retroreflection is a reflection in which the incident light is reflected back towards the light source. This effect that 3, which is even better illustrated later with reference to FIG. 3 and is based on refraction and reflection, is generated by those incident light rays which penetrate into the glass bead, experience a refraction and, after internal reflection, with renewed refraction, emerge again from the glass bead on the incident side .
• FR-A-1 386-085 does not explain when the colored glass beads are mentioned how good retroreflection is to be achieved with them. If the glass beads are coated with a color film that practically does not let light through, no retroreflection can take place. If the glass beads consist of colored glass, then the intensity of the retroreflected light beams is more or less weakened in accordance with the reduced light transmission of the material. In addition, the background color, which is the generally black or dark gray color of the road surface, covers the intrinsic color of the glass beads.
• EP-A-0 177 181 describes ceramic microspheres containing metal oxides, which are embedded in marking strips which are intended as prefabricated elements for application to roadways .
• EP-A-0 322 671 proposes a pigmented horizontal marking with clusters contained therein, which consist of a core and of this core surrounding microspheres embedded in a transparent binder.
• DE-A-2 216 157 discloses a covering material for roads in the form of a composite mass of silicon carbide and glass beads.
• CH-A-562 372 describes the use of silicon carbide for the production of reflective road surfaces.
• the present invention has for its object to provide reflective elements with which the visibility of streets or other traffic areas, lanes or traffic guidance surfaces and in particular the visibility of the intended traffic routing can be improved in a simple and inexpensive manner, above all at night and when wet.
• the reflective bodies according to the invention are characterized in that their circumference is partially covered with paint, the free, uncovered surface being sufficient to allow incident light to enter the reflective bodies with an intensity sufficient to produce retroreflection. and let it emerge from the reflex bodies.
• These reflective bodies can consist of glass or plastic, in particular of conventional reflective beads with diameters of preferably 0.4 mm to 6 mm, and the color can either be a coherent surface area of the reflective body, in the case of spherical reflective bodies a spherical or approximately hemispherical area , cover, or * several separate, discrete colored surface areas can be provided on a reflex body. It is essential that a sufficiently large colorless surface area or so many colorless surface areas remain free that the headlight light of the car can enter the reflective bodies unhindered and that the color of the colored reflective bodies is sufficiently retroreflected.
• the surface of a reflective body covered by paint is preferably only 30 to 70%, in particular approximately 50%, of the total surface.
• reflective bodies according to the invention is characterized in that reflective bodies are introduced into the surface of the covering of streets or other traffic areas or are applied to horizontal markings. This allows the traffic to be made visible by dots appearing colored in the headlights of the car, in particular choosing colors which contrast well with the dark or black surface of the road surface. This increases traffic safety on narrow streets third and fourth in particular Class, on winding roads, in the mountains and in tunnels. It is also possible to cover existing horizontal markings in the form of continuous or broken lines or only the edge strips of roads, in particular of highways, with reflective bodies according to the invention.
• Figure 1 shows the schematic representation according to the invention is • is in the form of reflective beads of a dual carriageway of a highway, the bodies with Reflex ⁇ ,
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic, enlarged top view of the road surface covered with reflective beads, these reflective beads being provided with small colored spots
• Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a reflecting bead protruding on the road surface according to the invention to illustrate the retroreflection.
• Figure 1 shows schematically a lane 1 of a highway with the two lanes 2 and 3, the continuous lateral boundary lines 4 and the interrupted center line 5.
• the road surface of the two lanes 2 and 3 is provided with reflective beads 6 and 7, respectively have been introduced into the road surface.
• the reflective beads are provided on their circumference with discretely distributed colored surface areas 8 in the form of color spots, which leave enough glass surface free so that the retroreflection is retained in the headlight of a car, but this retroreflected light is correspondingly appears in color.
• FIG. 3 shows a reflective bead 6 partially embedded in the road surface of the roadway 1 with separate colored spots 8 distributed over its circumference.
• the solid, continuous lines e show the headlights coming from car headlights stirring light rays, which are partly reflected in a mirror-free manner at the surface spots 8 free of color spots, as indicated by the thin dash-dotted lines s; for the most part, however, these incident light rays e enter the reflex bead with refraction, experience an internal reflection at their opposite interface, and exit again towards the light source on the incident side with refraction.
• These retroreflected light rays r shown with thin broken lines, are responsible for the main effect of night visibility. With thin through outgoing lines are also shown diffusely reflected light rays d.
• the light that is retroreflected at places on the interface where there are no color spots also appears colored, because the entire reflection bead is illuminated more or less in color by diffuse reflection at the interfaces covered with color spots.
• the main color effect is based on the internal reflection at the areas of the interfaces with colored spots on the outside.
• the colored surface areas should not be punctiform, but should have a certain extent.
• Good effects were obtained, for example, with reflex beads of 1 to 2 mm in diameter, in which the predominant number of colored surface areas were at least about 0.01 mm 2 in size, that is to say color spots with minimum diameters of about 0.1 mm, and where the top covered with paint area of a reflex body was approximately 50% of the total surface.
• color spots of different sizes will appear when the paint is applied occur on the surface of the reflective body, depending on the type of color, to more or less extensive color spots.
• the minimum expansions of the color spots required to achieve a sufficiently clear color effect are thus largely automatically generated when the color is applied.
• the diameter or the largest dimension of the reflective bodies used preferably varies from 0.4 to 6 mm, in particular from 1 to 3 mm; their refractive index is preferably 1.5 to 1.7. It was found that reflective bodies in which the surface of a reflective body covered by paint was 30% to 70%, preferably approximately 50%, of the total surface area provide good effects, with more than half of all color spots of a reflective bead Have minimum sizes of about 0.1 mm 2 ; most of the color spots of a reflective body usually have this minimal expansion.
• reflex bodies according to the invention results if color is applied to spherical reflex bodies only from one side in such a way that most of them only have a single coherent color zone in the form of a colored spherical cap, preferably a hemisphere surface , receive.
• a colored spherical cap preferably a hemisphere surface
• the color of the reflective beads 6 in the lane 2 can be different from the color of the reflective beads 7 in the lane 3.
• Reflective bodies of different colors can also advantageously be used on normal car roads with oncoming traffic or in tunnels in order to differentiate the color of the roadway or lane in one direction from the roadway or lane in the other direction. This is particularly important on roads that have no marking lines or other markings due to their narrowness. The lines or the lanes to be observed can be made clearly visible here with reflex bodies according to the invention.
• Road junctions, motorway distributors, motorway entrances and motorway exits can also advantageously be characterized by reflecting bodies with a color different from the color of the reflecting bodies covering the main lane in such a way that the merging lane or the branching lane appears in a different color than the main lane.
• the road sections in front of stop points or a tunnel can be identified by reflective bodies with a special color, in particular with a red color.
• Road sections in fog zones can also be identified by colored reflective elements. In the fog, the headlight light is not only reflected diffusely, but also reflected in color to make the traffic routing visible.
• the colors used to color the reflex beads can be, for example, green, yellow, blue, pink, red, orange, gray, etc., in which case light and dark shades can also be used, or metallic colors, such as silver paint, can also be used.
• the illuminated reflective bodies stand out clearly from the generally dark background or, when wet, from the gray color of the water, which ensures nighttime visibility. While in the case of colorless reflective bodies the dark road surface, in particular the dark bitumen, shines through, reflective bodies provided with splashes of color have the further advantage that the dark street background does not show through at the places where there is color, which increases the color contrast. If necessary, reflex beads of different colors can also be used to identify certain lane sections, so that in this case the color track illuminated by the headlight appears colorful.
• Dots of color with two or more different colors, for example green and yellow can also be provided in one and the same reflex body. This allows, for example, transition zones or overlaps between a main track in, for example, green color and a branch in, for example, yellow color to be marked in two colors, namely green and yellow.
• Reflective bodies according to the invention can advantageously also be applied to horizontal markings, in particular continuous or interrupted marking lines, where they complement the colorless reflex beads which have been customary to date.
• Barrier gates or traffic control areas can also be colored, e.g. cover red-spotted reflex bodies.
• the largest dimension or the largest diameter of the reflective body is not greater than the highest surface roughness of the covering, so that the diameter of the reflective body should also be selected in accordance with the expected surface roughness.
• the fact that the reflective bodies are partially covered with a thin layer of binder during rolling is irrelevant, since thin layers of binder are quickly moved away from the traffic and also quickly under the Weather the influence of UV radiation.
• Bituminous road surfaces that are already under traffic can also be retrofitted with reflective elements.
• the maximum diameter of the selected reflective body must then be smaller than the maximum surface roughness of the covering.
• the procedure When laying a road surface from fresh concrete surfaces, the procedure is such that reflective bodies are applied to the fresh concrete that has not yet set, where they sink or are pressed in, depending on the viscosity of the still moist surface.
• a partial covering with cement mortar is unavoidable, but this is rubbed off by traffic.
• cubic reflex bodies or reflex bodies shaped in the manner of a polyhedron which increase the grip, the maximum dimensions of which, as with reflex beads, preferably being 0.4 mm to Can be 6 mm.
• the coloring of the reflex bodies with discrete, small colored areas can preferably be carried out by letting reflex bodies fall out of a container and spraying them with finely divided paint when they fall, that is to say treated by the spray tower method.
• Glass beads can also be provided with spots of color using the stove-enamelling method; The advantages of this method can be used in particular directly during the manufacturing process of the glass beads for applying the color particles.
• the reflective bodies are treated from one side with a color beam which is as homogeneous as possible.
• Colored reflective bodies according to the invention can also be used as a mixture with colorless reflective bodies for road marking, especially on white lines.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (1)

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• 1993
  • 1993-02-24 US US08/140,190 patent/US5456546A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1993-02-24 AU AU34904/93A patent/AU653892B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1993-02-24 CA CA002108775A patent/CA2108775A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1993-02-24 HU HU9303151A patent/HU212294B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1993-02-24 BR BR9305433A patent/BR9305433A/pt active Search and Examination
  • 1993-02-24 JP JP5515210A patent/JPH08503754A/ja active Pending
  • 1993-02-24 WO PCT/CH1993/000047 patent/WO1993018233A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1993-02-24 EP EP93903775A patent/EP0586627A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1993-02-24 CZ CZ932327A patent/CZ232793A3/cs unknown
  • 1993-11-03 BG BG98196A patent/BG98196A/bg unknown
  • 1993-11-04 FI FI934888A patent/FI934888A0/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1993-11-05 NO NO934000A patent/NO934000L/no unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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